Fish farming in Kashmir focuses on carp culture and trout culture. The document discusses the introduction and cultivation of several fish species in Kashmir waters, including: - Trout, which were first introduced in 1899 and 1900 from the UK and Scotland. - Common carp, introduced in 1956. - Grass carp, mirror carp, common carp, and silver carp are also cultivated. - Polyculture techniques are used, involving mixing planktivorous and macrophyte feeding fish species to utilize all available food sources and niches in ponds without competition between species. Native fish species cultivated include various Schizothorax and Glyptosternon reticulatum.

1. CARP CULTURE
TROUT CULTURE

2. Aims of Fish Farming System
Fish for Health and Fish for Wealth

4. Fish is rightly considered as the “poor man’s diet”.
It costs much less in comparison to its food value and almost have zero carbohydrate
food,
fish is a rich source of protein, vitamins and minerals with approximate composition as
crude protein in 13.5 to 18.5%, fat 1.49 to 1.66% and energy 76–161kcl/gm.
A special feature of fish flesh is the content of vitamin B12, being almost absent in plant
food.
Fish is good source of calcium and vitamin A and also contains poly unsaturated fatty
acids (PUFA) which are known to provide protection against cardiovascular diseases,
thus having advantages over the other animal food.
Fish protein comprises all the ten essential amino acids in desirable strength.

5. Trout was introduction in Kashmir with the first batch of Trout ova of 10,000 eggs
arrived from U.K. in 1899 with the consideration of Duke of Bedford, to whom the
Kashmir Maharaja presented an excellent Kashmir Stag award through Sir Adelbert
Talbot, British Resident at Srinagar. Unfortunately the first batch decomposed due to
non existence of air transport.
The 2nd shipment of trout ova arrived in excellent condition from Scotland in month
of Dec. 19th 1900 through Mr. J.S. Macdonall which included 1800 fry.
Out of this 1000 fry were transferred to Panzagam Dachigam (Harwan) about 24km
from Srinagar and rest of 800 fry were reared in the premises of a private carpet
factory owner (Mr. Michel) in Bagh I Dilawar Khan in the heart of city near Khank i
Moulla.
Common carp was introduced in Kashmir waters in 1956.

6. Fish species cultivated in Kashmir
Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella): Grass carp is an exotic carp of South
Central and North China and cultivated in Formosa, Thailand, Malaya, Japan and
Srilanka. It was introduced in India around 1970.
Cyprinus carpio specularis (Mirror Carp): The mirror carp is a thermophilic,
gregarious fish, dwelling mostly at the bottom of ponds. It is an omnivorous bottom
feeder on larvae of insects, worms, molluscs, stalks and leaves of submerged
plants and occasionally on zooplankton.
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio): The common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus
(1758)) has been one of the oldest domesticated species of fish for food. Culture of
carp in China dates back to at least the 5th century BC, although domestication
began much later. Distribution from China to Japan, Vietnam, Thailand, Ceylon,
India, Philippines, Australia and Malaya, Indonesia. Presently cultivated in all parts
of the world.
Silver carp (Hypothalmicthyes molitrix):

7. Polyculture is the
raising of two or
more species in the
same aquaculture
system
All Available niches are
utilized fish are
mixture of plankton
and macrophyte
feeders
No competition
between diferent
species
The polyculture technology
of fish combination is to
increase the production and
income of fisherfolk
Stocking of Cultivable fishes of different
species which differ in feeding habits and
niche requirements in same pond is called
composite fish culture
Polyculture
Mixed
Fish
Farming
Utilize all Available food in
different zones of pond

11. Cyprinus carpio communis (Common Carp)
Onchorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Trout)

14. Polyculture is the
raising of two or
more species in the
same aquaculture
system
All Available niches are
utilized fish are
mixture of plankton
and macrophyte
feeders
No competition
between diferent
species
The polyculture technology
of fish combination is to
increase the production and
income of fisherfolk
Stocking of Cultivable fishes of different
species which differ in feeding habits and
niche requirements in same pond is called
composite fish culture
Polyculture
Mixed
Fish
Farming
Utilize all Available food in
different zones of pond

66. Oncorhynchus mykiss Brown trout
Oncorhynchus clarkii cutthroat trout

73. C. carassius specimens
C. carassius

74. SCHIZOTHORAX - OUR NATIVE FISH
Considered as an economically important fish of the
Kashmir Valley as it provides protein to a large
section of the society particularly to the poor
Schizothorax plagiostomus

75. Schizothorax labiatus
Schizothorax niger
Schizothorax esocinus

76. Schizothorax progastrus (Syr-Nya)
Glyptosternon reticulatum (Cat fish)(Gulap-Nya)