Application software consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist them with personal tasks .
Apply to real-world tasks and solves user problems
application software and types Custom based software Package softwareimtiazalijoono
This document defines and describes various types of application software, including custom software, package software, word processors, presentation software, database software, spreadsheet software, desktop publishing software, and graphics software. It provides details on the purpose and key features of each type of application.
This document provides an overview of key business software programs and applications. It defines and describes word processing software, spreadsheet software, database software, presentation software, note taking software, business software suites, project management software, personal information manager software, business software for phones, accounting software, document management software, and enterprise computing software. For each type of software, it provides 1-3 sentences on the purpose and basic functionality. The overall document aims to identify and explain widely used business programs.
This document discusses different types of application software, including business software, graphic and multimedia software, and software for home, personal, and educational use. It provides examples of various application software such as word processing software, spreadsheet software, database software, presentation software, personal information manager software, and accounting software. It also describes different categories of programming languages like procedural languages, object-oriented languages, and other languages.
Productivity software includes word processors, spreadsheets, databases, and other programs designed for individual use. Productivity suites bundle these programs together under a common interface. Microsoft Office is the most popular productivity suite, including Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and Outlook. Other major productivity software includes Apple's iWork, IBM Lotus SmartSuite, Corel WordPerfect Office, and the open source OpenOffice.org. While Microsoft leads in market share, competition from Apple's iWork and other open source options continues to grow.
Productivity software includes applications like word processors, spreadsheets, databases, and presentation software. It is used by almost everyone with a computer to increase productivity. Word processors help create documents, spreadsheets allow analysis of data and creation of graphs/charts, presentation software aids visual communication, and database software organizes information. Productivity suites bundle these applications together. Popular suites include Microsoft Office and free web-based options. Productivity software enhances business performance and is essential for computer fluency in education and work.
FreeFlow Express to Print is a workflow solution that increases prepress productivity by simplifying job setup. It allows users to easily impose jobs, add tabs, page numbers, and other finishing options through an intuitive visual interface and built-in templates. The software simplifies prepress tasks, reduces training time, and helps maintain consistency for repeat jobs. It integrates with Xerox digital printers and supports a variety of file formats.
The document summarizes a webinar about seven updates in Microsoft Project 2016. Darrin Lange from Advaiya Solutions will present on new features including architectural improvements, data consolidation with SharePoint, multiple timeline views, new resource request and engagement features, and a project unique ID. The presentation will include a demo and Q&A session.
application software and types Custom based software Package softwareimtiazalijoono
This document defines and describes various types of application software, including custom software, package software, word processors, presentation software, database software, spreadsheet software, desktop publishing software, and graphics software. It provides details on the purpose and key features of each type of application.
This document provides an overview of key business software programs and applications. It defines and describes word processing software, spreadsheet software, database software, presentation software, note taking software, business software suites, project management software, personal information manager software, business software for phones, accounting software, document management software, and enterprise computing software. For each type of software, it provides 1-3 sentences on the purpose and basic functionality. The overall document aims to identify and explain widely used business programs.
This document discusses different types of application software, including business software, graphic and multimedia software, and software for home, personal, and educational use. It provides examples of various application software such as word processing software, spreadsheet software, database software, presentation software, personal information manager software, and accounting software. It also describes different categories of programming languages like procedural languages, object-oriented languages, and other languages.
Productivity software includes word processors, spreadsheets, databases, and other programs designed for individual use. Productivity suites bundle these programs together under a common interface. Microsoft Office is the most popular productivity suite, including Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and Outlook. Other major productivity software includes Apple's iWork, IBM Lotus SmartSuite, Corel WordPerfect Office, and the open source OpenOffice.org. While Microsoft leads in market share, competition from Apple's iWork and other open source options continues to grow.
Productivity software includes applications like word processors, spreadsheets, databases, and presentation software. It is used by almost everyone with a computer to increase productivity. Word processors help create documents, spreadsheets allow analysis of data and creation of graphs/charts, presentation software aids visual communication, and database software organizes information. Productivity suites bundle these applications together. Popular suites include Microsoft Office and free web-based options. Productivity software enhances business performance and is essential for computer fluency in education and work.
FreeFlow Express to Print is a workflow solution that increases prepress productivity by simplifying job setup. It allows users to easily impose jobs, add tabs, page numbers, and other finishing options through an intuitive visual interface and built-in templates. The software simplifies prepress tasks, reduces training time, and helps maintain consistency for repeat jobs. It integrates with Xerox digital printers and supports a variety of file formats.
The document summarizes a webinar about seven updates in Microsoft Project 2016. Darrin Lange from Advaiya Solutions will present on new features including architectural improvements, data consolidation with SharePoint, multiple timeline views, new resource request and engagement features, and a project unique ID. The presentation will include a demo and Q&A session.
This document discusses different types of application software and how they are used. It describes four main categories of application software: business software, graphics and multimedia software, software for home/personal/educational use, and software for communications. Within each category, key software programs are identified and their main functions outlined. The document also discusses different software licensing models, web applications, and learning tools available to help users learn application software.
Application software is a type of computer program that performs specific personal, educational, or business functions like word processing, spreadsheets, web browsing, and presentations. Application software can be distributed in packaged, custom, web-based, open source, shareware, or freeware formats. Business software assists users in becoming more efficient and includes programs like word processors, spreadsheets, presentations, databases, and personal information managers. Common business software includes Microsoft Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. Graphics and multimedia software allows users to create and edit images, videos, and designs while communication software enables file sharing and messaging between users. Utility programs help manage computer resources through antivirus protection, file management, backups, and media playback.
Application software is designed to help users be more productive and includes business, graphics and multimedia, home/personal/educational, and communications programs. Software can be packaged, custom, open source, shareware, or freeware and is distributed in various ways. Business software helps with tasks like word processing, spreadsheets, databases, presentations, notes, personal information management, and project management. Graphics software includes CAD, desktop publishing, photo editing, video/audio editing, and multimedia authoring programs. Communications software allows emailing, file transfers, web browsing, video chat, messaging, and blogging.
This document discusses different types of application software. It begins by defining application software as programs used to complete tasks, as opposed to system software which coordinates instructions between hardware and software. It then categorizes and describes various types of application software including productivity software, graphics and multimedia software, entertainment software, educational and reference software, and business software. It provides examples and describes key features of different applications within each category such as word processing, spreadsheet, presentation, and database programs under productivity software.
This document discusses different types of computer software, including system software and application software. System software consists of operating systems and utility programs that control computer operations and interface between hardware, users, and application software. Application software includes productivity programs like word processors and spreadsheets, as well as multimedia, home, and business programs. Productivity software is bundled into integrated packages, suites, and web-based applications for ease of use.
This document summarizes different types of software. It discusses two main categories: applications software, which users directly interact with to perform tasks, and support software, which enables applications software to function properly. Some key applications software includes accounting, productivity, and web browser programs. Major support software includes operating systems, programming languages, database management systems, and software development tools. The document outlines trends toward more emphasis on user-friendly, internet-based, and open-source software.
Application software comes in many forms, including packaged, custom, web-based, open source, shareware, and freeware. It can be categorized based on its purpose, such as business software, graphics/multimedia software, home/personal software, and communication software. Web 2.0 refers to websites offering web-based software, allowing users to interact and collaborate online. Application service providers (ASPs) manage and distribute software applications via the web. Learning tools like help files, templates, and online training help users support application software.
Application software consists of programs designed to assist users with tasks like business activities, graphics projects, personal tasks, and communication. There are many types of application software including packaged software sold in stores, custom software for specific needs, web applications, open source software, and freeware or shareware distributed for free or for a trial period. Common business application software includes word processing, spreadsheet, database, presentation, and accounting programs to help users and businesses be more efficient.
Application software includes programs for business, graphics and multimedia, home use, communications, and utilities. It is distributed as packaged software, custom software, open source software, shareware, or freeware. Users can start programs from the Start menu or desktop and interact with windows, dialog boxes, and functions. Popular business software includes word processors, spreadsheets, databases, and presentation software. Graphics software includes CAD, desktop publishing, photo editing, and multimedia authoring programs. Educational, personal, and home software covers communication, web browsing, note-taking and more. Web applications provide similar functions over the internet, while utilities optimize systems. Learning resources include online help, books, and web-based training.
This document discusses different types of software. It defines software and divides it into two main categories: systems software and applications software. It then lists and describes various types of applications software, including word processing software, spreadsheet software, database software, presentation software, educational software, and more. It also discusses free application software and some recent software releases.
This document discusses different types of software. It begins by explaining that a computer system combines hardware and software, with software providing instructions to solve problems. There are two main categories of software: system software and application software. System software includes operating systems, utility programs, device drivers, and language translators, which enable communication between the user and computer hardware. Application software consists of programs for tasks like business, graphics, home use, education, entertainment, and communication.
- Software includes application software that directs computer use for specific tasks and system software that controls computer operations.
- Application software is divided into general-purpose programs for common tasks and specialized programs for business functions.
- System software includes programs that manage computer resources and programs that help develop other programs.
- An operating system integrates programs to manage the CPU, input/output, storage, and provide support services.
It presentation specialised application softwareNisarga Nikam
Specialized application software is designed for specific company or industry needs and includes programs like image editors, multimedia authoring programs, web authoring programs, and CAD software. Examples provided are Photoshop and Paint.NET for image editing, PowerPoint for multimedia authoring, Dreamweaver for web authoring, and AutoCAD for computer-aided design. Specialized software provides industry-specific tools and features beyond basic office programs.
Application software, also known as apps, are computer programs that perform specific functions for personal or business use. There are many types of application software including word processors, spreadsheets, databases, graphics software, presentation software, web browsers, and more. Application software can improve productivity, efficiency, and decision making. They are available in different models such as freeware, shareware, open source, and closed source. Businesses benefit from application software through improved customer service, data security, flexibility, and productivity. The cost of developing an application depends on its functionality, platforms, integrations, and other factors.
BCS 100: Introduction to Computer Science Lesson 2Ndubi Amos
This document provides information on different types of computer software, including system software, utility programs, and application programs. It describes various utility programs like backup, file defragmentation, and antivirus software. It also discusses types of application software such as entertainment, home/personal, educational reference, productivity, and specialty software. Productivity software includes word processing, spreadsheet, database, and financial programs. The document concludes with descriptions of public domain software, freeware, and shareware.
Introduction to Software Engineering & Information TechnologyGaditek
For Introduction to Software Engineering & Information Technology this slide will guide you many things about Introduction to Software Engineering & Information Technology.
Here are the names of the computer parts:
1. Motherboard - This is the main circuit board in a computer that other components plug into. It contains the CPU and RAM.
2. CPU (Central Processing Unit) - Also called the processor, this is the "brain" of the computer that performs calculations and runs programs.
3. RAM (Random Access Memory) - This is the hardware in the computer where data and programs being actively worked on are temporarily stored.
4. Hard disk drive - This is the non-volatile storage device that stores the operating system and programs when the computer is turned off.
5. Optical disc drive - This reads and writes to CDs, DVDs,
This document provides an overview of application software. It defines application software as programs designed for end users to perform tasks beyond running the computer itself, such as word processors, web browsers, and spreadsheets. It discusses why application software is used to increase productivity and organize personal tasks. Common features of application software are described, such as insertion points, scrolling, windows, menus, and dialog boxes. Methods of software distribution including packaged, custom, open source, shareware, and freeware are also summarized.
Coronaviruses & COVID 19 - Its Morphology, Role, Mechanism of Action, and Tre...Haider Ali Malik
This document discusses COVID-19 and coronaviruses. It defines COVID-19 as a novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China in late 2019. Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that can cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases like MERS and SARS. The document then provides details on the structure, replication, and transmission of coronaviruses, symptoms of COVID-19, the ongoing global pandemic, and the discovery and identification of SARS-CoV-2 under electron microscopy.
Heavy metals and its effects on plants and environmentHaider Ali Malik
Heavy metals are natural constituents of the earth’s crust , but indiscriminate human activities have drastically altered their geochemical cycles and biochemicals balance.
Any toxic metals may be called heavy metals.
Since heavy metals have a propensity to accumulate in selective body organs.
The average safety levels in food or water are often misleading high.
Heavy is any metal or metalloid of environmental concern.
Heavy metals are metallic element that have relatively high density usually greater than 5 g/cm3, or their density is greater than the density of water.
This document discusses different types of application software and how they are used. It describes four main categories of application software: business software, graphics and multimedia software, software for home/personal/educational use, and software for communications. Within each category, key software programs are identified and their main functions outlined. The document also discusses different software licensing models, web applications, and learning tools available to help users learn application software.
Application software is a type of computer program that performs specific personal, educational, or business functions like word processing, spreadsheets, web browsing, and presentations. Application software can be distributed in packaged, custom, web-based, open source, shareware, or freeware formats. Business software assists users in becoming more efficient and includes programs like word processors, spreadsheets, presentations, databases, and personal information managers. Common business software includes Microsoft Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. Graphics and multimedia software allows users to create and edit images, videos, and designs while communication software enables file sharing and messaging between users. Utility programs help manage computer resources through antivirus protection, file management, backups, and media playback.
Application software is designed to help users be more productive and includes business, graphics and multimedia, home/personal/educational, and communications programs. Software can be packaged, custom, open source, shareware, or freeware and is distributed in various ways. Business software helps with tasks like word processing, spreadsheets, databases, presentations, notes, personal information management, and project management. Graphics software includes CAD, desktop publishing, photo editing, video/audio editing, and multimedia authoring programs. Communications software allows emailing, file transfers, web browsing, video chat, messaging, and blogging.
This document discusses different types of application software. It begins by defining application software as programs used to complete tasks, as opposed to system software which coordinates instructions between hardware and software. It then categorizes and describes various types of application software including productivity software, graphics and multimedia software, entertainment software, educational and reference software, and business software. It provides examples and describes key features of different applications within each category such as word processing, spreadsheet, presentation, and database programs under productivity software.
This document discusses different types of computer software, including system software and application software. System software consists of operating systems and utility programs that control computer operations and interface between hardware, users, and application software. Application software includes productivity programs like word processors and spreadsheets, as well as multimedia, home, and business programs. Productivity software is bundled into integrated packages, suites, and web-based applications for ease of use.
This document summarizes different types of software. It discusses two main categories: applications software, which users directly interact with to perform tasks, and support software, which enables applications software to function properly. Some key applications software includes accounting, productivity, and web browser programs. Major support software includes operating systems, programming languages, database management systems, and software development tools. The document outlines trends toward more emphasis on user-friendly, internet-based, and open-source software.
Application software comes in many forms, including packaged, custom, web-based, open source, shareware, and freeware. It can be categorized based on its purpose, such as business software, graphics/multimedia software, home/personal software, and communication software. Web 2.0 refers to websites offering web-based software, allowing users to interact and collaborate online. Application service providers (ASPs) manage and distribute software applications via the web. Learning tools like help files, templates, and online training help users support application software.
Application software consists of programs designed to assist users with tasks like business activities, graphics projects, personal tasks, and communication. There are many types of application software including packaged software sold in stores, custom software for specific needs, web applications, open source software, and freeware or shareware distributed for free or for a trial period. Common business application software includes word processing, spreadsheet, database, presentation, and accounting programs to help users and businesses be more efficient.
Application software includes programs for business, graphics and multimedia, home use, communications, and utilities. It is distributed as packaged software, custom software, open source software, shareware, or freeware. Users can start programs from the Start menu or desktop and interact with windows, dialog boxes, and functions. Popular business software includes word processors, spreadsheets, databases, and presentation software. Graphics software includes CAD, desktop publishing, photo editing, and multimedia authoring programs. Educational, personal, and home software covers communication, web browsing, note-taking and more. Web applications provide similar functions over the internet, while utilities optimize systems. Learning resources include online help, books, and web-based training.
This document discusses different types of software. It defines software and divides it into two main categories: systems software and applications software. It then lists and describes various types of applications software, including word processing software, spreadsheet software, database software, presentation software, educational software, and more. It also discusses free application software and some recent software releases.
This document discusses different types of software. It begins by explaining that a computer system combines hardware and software, with software providing instructions to solve problems. There are two main categories of software: system software and application software. System software includes operating systems, utility programs, device drivers, and language translators, which enable communication between the user and computer hardware. Application software consists of programs for tasks like business, graphics, home use, education, entertainment, and communication.
- Software includes application software that directs computer use for specific tasks and system software that controls computer operations.
- Application software is divided into general-purpose programs for common tasks and specialized programs for business functions.
- System software includes programs that manage computer resources and programs that help develop other programs.
- An operating system integrates programs to manage the CPU, input/output, storage, and provide support services.
It presentation specialised application softwareNisarga Nikam
Specialized application software is designed for specific company or industry needs and includes programs like image editors, multimedia authoring programs, web authoring programs, and CAD software. Examples provided are Photoshop and Paint.NET for image editing, PowerPoint for multimedia authoring, Dreamweaver for web authoring, and AutoCAD for computer-aided design. Specialized software provides industry-specific tools and features beyond basic office programs.
Application software, also known as apps, are computer programs that perform specific functions for personal or business use. There are many types of application software including word processors, spreadsheets, databases, graphics software, presentation software, web browsers, and more. Application software can improve productivity, efficiency, and decision making. They are available in different models such as freeware, shareware, open source, and closed source. Businesses benefit from application software through improved customer service, data security, flexibility, and productivity. The cost of developing an application depends on its functionality, platforms, integrations, and other factors.
BCS 100: Introduction to Computer Science Lesson 2Ndubi Amos
This document provides information on different types of computer software, including system software, utility programs, and application programs. It describes various utility programs like backup, file defragmentation, and antivirus software. It also discusses types of application software such as entertainment, home/personal, educational reference, productivity, and specialty software. Productivity software includes word processing, spreadsheet, database, and financial programs. The document concludes with descriptions of public domain software, freeware, and shareware.
Introduction to Software Engineering & Information TechnologyGaditek
For Introduction to Software Engineering & Information Technology this slide will guide you many things about Introduction to Software Engineering & Information Technology.
Here are the names of the computer parts:
1. Motherboard - This is the main circuit board in a computer that other components plug into. It contains the CPU and RAM.
2. CPU (Central Processing Unit) - Also called the processor, this is the "brain" of the computer that performs calculations and runs programs.
3. RAM (Random Access Memory) - This is the hardware in the computer where data and programs being actively worked on are temporarily stored.
4. Hard disk drive - This is the non-volatile storage device that stores the operating system and programs when the computer is turned off.
5. Optical disc drive - This reads and writes to CDs, DVDs,
This document provides an overview of application software. It defines application software as programs designed for end users to perform tasks beyond running the computer itself, such as word processors, web browsers, and spreadsheets. It discusses why application software is used to increase productivity and organize personal tasks. Common features of application software are described, such as insertion points, scrolling, windows, menus, and dialog boxes. Methods of software distribution including packaged, custom, open source, shareware, and freeware are also summarized.
Coronaviruses & COVID 19 - Its Morphology, Role, Mechanism of Action, and Tre...Haider Ali Malik
This document discusses COVID-19 and coronaviruses. It defines COVID-19 as a novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China in late 2019. Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that can cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases like MERS and SARS. The document then provides details on the structure, replication, and transmission of coronaviruses, symptoms of COVID-19, the ongoing global pandemic, and the discovery and identification of SARS-CoV-2 under electron microscopy.
Heavy metals and its effects on plants and environmentHaider Ali Malik
Heavy metals are natural constituents of the earth’s crust , but indiscriminate human activities have drastically altered their geochemical cycles and biochemicals balance.
Any toxic metals may be called heavy metals.
Since heavy metals have a propensity to accumulate in selective body organs.
The average safety levels in food or water are often misleading high.
Heavy is any metal or metalloid of environmental concern.
Heavy metals are metallic element that have relatively high density usually greater than 5 g/cm3, or their density is greater than the density of water.
Modern Medical Application methodologies: Brachytherapy, Neutron Capture Ther...Haider Ali Malik
Brachytherapy (also referred to as Curie therapy) is defined as a short-distance treatment of malignant disease with radiation emanating from small sealed (encapsulated)
Neutron capture therapy (NCT) is a nonsurgical therapeutic modality for treating locally invasive malignant tumors such as primary brain tumors, and recurrent head and neck cancer.
Proton therapy, or proton radiotherapy, is a type of particle therapy that uses a beam of protons to irradiate diseased tissue, most often to treat cancer.
The USEPA defines biodegradation as a process by which microbial organisms transform or alter (through metabolic or enzymatic action) the structure of chemicals introduced into the environment.
According to the definition by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, the term biodegradation is “Breakdown of a substance catalyzed by enzymes in vitro or in vivo.
The term is often used in relation to ecology, waste management, biomedicine, and the natural environment (bioremediation) and is now commonly associated with environmentally friendly products that are capable of decomposing back into natural elements.
Biodegradable matter is generally organic material such as plant and animal matter and other substances originating from living organisms, or artificial materials that are similar enough to plant and animal matter to be put to use by microorganisms.
Phytoextraction, also called phytoaccumulation, phytoabsorption, or phytosequestration, refers to the use of plants to absorb, translocate, and store toxic contaminants from soil, sediments, and/or sludge in the root and shoot tissues .
Lead is an extremely difficult soil contaminant to remediate because it is a “soft” Lewis acid that forms strong bonds to both organic and inorganic ligands in soil. For the most part, Pb-contaminated soils are remediated through civil engineering techniques that require the excavation and landfilling of the contaminated soil. Soils that present a leaching hazard in the landfill are either placed in a specially constructed hazardous waste landfill, or treated with stabilizing agents, such as cement, prior to disposal in an industrial landfill.
Plants have adaptations to help them survive (live and grow) in different areas. Adaptations are special features that allow a plant or animal to live in a particular place or habitat. These adaptations might make it very difficult for the plant to survive in a different place.
This explains why certain plants are found in one area, but not in another. For example, you wouldn't see a cactus living in the Arctic. Nor would you see lots of really tall trees living in grasslands.
This presentation focuses on anatomical adaptations of three major types of plants: Hydrophytes, mesophytes and xerophytes.
Abiotic stress factors or stressors are naturally occurring, often intangible factors
The four major abiotic stresses: drought , salinity, temperature and heavy metals, cause drastic yield reduction in most crops.
Few of the types of abiotic stresses are:
1)Water-logging & drought
2)Excessive soil salinity
3)High or low temperatures
4)Ozone
5)Low oxygen
6)Phytotoxic compounds
8)Inadequate mineral in the soil
9)Too much or too little light
This presentation focuses on the adaptations in plants against abiotic stress and the ways that how they tolerate it with different mechanisms.
- Haider Ali Malik
Stelar System, Stele, its types and evolution(edited)Haider Ali Malik
Stele is defined as a central vascular cylinder, with or without pith and delimited the cortex by endodermis.
Van Tieghem and Douliot (1886) recognized only three types of steles.
1-Protostele
2-Siphonostele
3-Solenostele
Stelar Theory:
Major highlights of stellar theory are:
Stele is a real entity and present universally in all higher plants.
Cortex and stele are two fundamental parts of a shoot system
Stele and cortex are separated by endodermis.
Osmoregulation is the passive regulation of the osmotic pressure of an organism's body fluids, detected by osmoreceptors, to maintain the homeostasis of the organism's water content; that is, it maintains the fluid balance and the concentration of electrolytes (salts in solution) to keep the fluids from becoming too diluted or concentrated.
The immediate and most common response by the different organs of a plant to water stress is decrease in turgor. This may be partially or fully adjusted by accumulation of solutes.
Protein targeting or protein sorting is the mechanism by which a cell transports to the appropriate positions in the cell or outside of it. Both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, newly synthesized proteins must be delivered to a specific sub-cellular location or exported from the cell for correct activity. This phenomenon is called protein targeting. Protein targeting is necessary for proteins that are destined to work outside the cytoplasm.This delivery process is carried out based on information contained in the protein itself. Correct sorting is crucial for the cell; errors can lead to diseases. In 1970, Günter Blobel conducted experiments on the translocation of proteins across membranes. He was awarded the 1999 Nobel Prize for his findings. He discovered that many proteins have a signal sequence, that is, a short amino acid sequence at one end that functions like a postal code for the target organelle.
Mushrooms are nature's hidden treasures of nutrition. Many people like them for their satisfying meaty taste and their versatility. But are they really good for you? The answer is yes! In fact, you will be surprised to learn about the nutritional benefits of mushrooms. For thousands of years, mushrooms have been used in eastern medicine for their various health benefits.
The stem consists of nodes and internodes. Axillary and apical buds form branches and elongate the shoot tip. The shoot apex contains a dome-shaped apical meristem that produces leaves and axillary buds. It is organized into an outer layer called the tunica and inner region called the corpus. Leaf primordia develop from the sides of the apical meristem.
The slides has been edited. visit for new one on https://www.slideshare.net/alihaider408/stelar-system-stele-its-types-and-evolutionedited-182037813
Sorry for inconvenience.
Stele is defined as a central vascular cylinder, with or without pith and delimited the cortex by endodermis.
Van Tieghem and Douliot (1886) recognized only three types of steles.
1-Protostele
2-Siphonostele
3-Solenostele
Stelar Theory:
Major highlights of stellar theory are:
Stele is a real entity and present universally in all higher plants.
Cortex and stele are two fundamental parts of a shoot system
Stele and cortex are separated by endodermis
Visit https://www.slideshare.net/alihaider408/stress-and-osmoregulation-in-plantsedited for new edited version of the slide.
Osmoregulation is the passive regulation of the osmotic pressure of an organism's body fluids, detected by osmoreceptors, to maintain the homeostasis of the organism's water content; that is, it maintains the fluid balance and the concentration of electrolytes (salts in solution) to keep the fluids from becoming too diluted or concentrated.
The immediate and most common response by the different organs of a plant to water stress is decrease in turgor. This may be partially or fully adjusted by accumulation of solutes.
- Cooksonia was one of the earliest land plants, dating from the mid-Silurian to late Devonian periods. It had a simple green stem that branched dichotomously and bore terminal sporangia, representing a transition between non-vascular bryophytes and vascular plants.
- Cooksonia likely had both a photosynthesizing sporophyte generation and a dependent gametophyte generation, though only fossils of the sporophyte have been found. Species of Cooksonia varied in stem width and sporangia shape.
- Taxonomic reviews have refined the definition of Cooksonia and excluded some doubtful species, recognizing six possible valid species based on differences in spor
The internet is the place where people around the world share information.
Addiction is the continued repetition of behavior despite adverse consequences leading to such behaviors.
1) The document discusses the key elements of multimedia presentations which include text, graphics, sound, animation, and video.
2) Graphics convey visual information through charts, diagrams, and images. Animation involves the movement of objects, characters, or text over time.
3) Video is one of the most challenging multimedia elements and can be used to teach users specific activities through simulated environments.
A mobile phone is an electronic device used to make mobile telephone calls across a wide geographic area
In addition to being a telephone , modern mobile phones also support many additional services such as SMS, e-mail, internet access, gaming, Bluetooth, infrared, camera, MMS messaging, MP3 player, radio and GPS
Mobile phones were first developed in 1946
Multimedia is a computer-based interactive communications process that incorporates text, graphics, sound, animation, and video
The term is used in contrast to media which only use traditional forms of printed or hand-produced material.
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdfSelcen Ozturkcan
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark UniverseSérgio Sacani
Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law for entanglement entropy. The extension to de Sitter space requires taking into account the entropy and temperature associated with the cosmological horizon. Using insights from string theory, black hole physics and quantum information theory we argue that the positive dark energy leads to a thermal volume law contribution to the entropy that overtakes the area law precisely at the cosmological horizon. Due to the competition between area and volume law entanglement the microscopic de Sitter states do not thermalise at sub-Hubble scales: they exhibit memory effects in the form of an entropy displacement caused by matter. The emergent laws of gravity contain an additional ‘dark’ gravitational force describing the ‘elastic’ response due to the entropy displacement. We derive an estimate of the strength of this extra force in terms of the baryonic mass, Newton’s constant and the Hubble acceleration scale a0 = cH0, and provide evidence for the fact that this additional ‘dark gravity force’ explains the observed phenomena in galaxies and clusters currently attributed to dark matter.
PPT on Sustainable Land Management presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
TOPIC OF DISCUSSION: CENTRIFUGATION SLIDESHARE.pptxshubhijain836
Centrifugation is a powerful technique used in laboratories to separate components of a heterogeneous mixture based on their density. This process utilizes centrifugal force to rapidly spin samples, causing denser particles to migrate outward more quickly than lighter ones. As a result, distinct layers form within the sample tube, allowing for easy isolation and purification of target substances.
PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
Compositions of iron-meteorite parent bodies constrainthe structure of the pr...Sérgio Sacani
Magmatic iron-meteorite parent bodies are the earliest planetesimals in the Solar System,and they preserve information about conditions and planet-forming processes in thesolar nebula. In this study, we include comprehensive elemental compositions andfractional-crystallization modeling for iron meteorites from the cores of five differenti-ated asteroids from the inner Solar System. Together with previous results of metalliccores from the outer Solar System, we conclude that asteroidal cores from the outerSolar System have smaller sizes, elevated siderophile-element abundances, and simplercrystallization processes than those from the inner Solar System. These differences arerelated to the formation locations of the parent asteroids because the solar protoplane-tary disk varied in redox conditions, elemental distributions, and dynamics at differentheliocentric distances. Using highly siderophile-element data from iron meteorites, wereconstruct the distribution of calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) across theprotoplanetary disk within the first million years of Solar-System history. CAIs, the firstsolids to condense in the Solar System, formed close to the Sun. They were, however,concentrated within the outer disk and depleted within the inner disk. Future modelsof the structure and evolution of the protoplanetary disk should account for this dis-tribution pattern of CAIs.
BIRDS DIVERSITY OF SOOTEA BISWANATH ASSAM.ppt.pptxgoluk9330
Ahota Beel, nestled in Sootea Biswanath Assam , is celebrated for its extraordinary diversity of bird species. This wetland sanctuary supports a myriad of avian residents and migrants alike. Visitors can admire the elegant flights of migratory species such as the Northern Pintail and Eurasian Wigeon, alongside resident birds including the Asian Openbill and Pheasant-tailed Jacana. With its tranquil scenery and varied habitats, Ahota Beel offers a perfect haven for birdwatchers to appreciate and study the vibrant birdlife that thrives in this natural refuge.
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...Sérgio Sacani
Wereport the study of a huge optical intraday flare on 2021 November 12 at 2 a.m. UT in the blazar OJ287. In the binary black hole model, it is associated with an impact of the secondary black hole on the accretion disk of the primary. Our multifrequency observing campaign was set up to search for such a signature of the impact based on a prediction made 8 yr earlier. The first I-band results of the flare have already been reported by Kishore et al. (2024). Here we combine these data with our monitoring in the R-band. There is a big change in the R–I spectral index by 1.0 ±0.1 between the normal background and the flare, suggesting a new component of radiation. The polarization variation during the rise of the flare suggests the same. The limits on the source size place it most reasonably in the jet of the secondary BH. We then ask why we have not seen this phenomenon before. We show that OJ287 was never before observed with sufficient sensitivity on the night when the flare should have happened according to the binary model. We also study the probability that this flare is just an oversized example of intraday variability using the Krakow data set of intense monitoring between 2015 and 2023. We find that the occurrence of a flare of this size and rapidity is unlikely. In machine-readable Tables 1 and 2, we give the full orbit-linked historical light curve of OJ287 as well as the dense monitoring sample of Krakow.
Microbial interaction
Microorganisms interacts with each other and can be physically associated with another organisms in a variety of ways.
One organism can be located on the surface of another organism as an ectobiont or located within another organism as endobiont.
Microbial interaction may be positive such as mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism or may be negative such as parasitism, predation or competition
Types of microbial interaction
Positive interaction: mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism
Negative interaction: Ammensalism (antagonism), parasitism, predation, competition
I. Mutualism:
It is defined as the relationship in which each organism in interaction gets benefits from association. It is an obligatory relationship in which mutualist and host are metabolically dependent on each other.
Mutualistic relationship is very specific where one member of association cannot be replaced by another species.
Mutualism require close physical contact between interacting organisms.
Relationship of mutualism allows organisms to exist in habitat that could not occupied by either species alone.
Mutualistic relationship between organisms allows them to act as a single organism.
Examples of mutualism:
i. Lichens:
Lichens are excellent example of mutualism.
They are the association of specific fungi and certain genus of algae. In lichen, fungal partner is called mycobiont and algal partner is called
II. Syntrophism:
It is an association in which the growth of one organism either depends on or improved by the substrate provided by another organism.
In syntrophism both organism in association gets benefits.
Compound A
Utilized by population 1
Compound B
Utilized by population 2
Compound C
utilized by both Population 1+2
Products
In this theoretical example of syntrophism, population 1 is able to utilize and metabolize compound A, forming compound B but cannot metabolize beyond compound B without co-operation of population 2. Population 2is unable to utilize compound A but it can metabolize compound B forming compound C. Then both population 1 and 2 are able to carry out metabolic reaction which leads to formation of end product that neither population could produce alone.
Examples of syntrophism:
i. Methanogenic ecosystem in sludge digester
Methane produced by methanogenic bacteria depends upon interspecies hydrogen transfer by other fermentative bacteria.
Anaerobic fermentative bacteria generate CO2 and H2 utilizing carbohydrates which is then utilized by methanogenic bacteria (Methanobacter) to produce methane.
ii. Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis:
In the minimal media, Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis are able to grow together but not alone.
The synergistic relationship between E. faecalis and L. arobinosus occurs in which E. faecalis require folic acid
JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDSSérgio Sacani
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
2. Contents
Basic Application software Concepts
Characteristics of softwares
Productivity software
Graphics and multimedia software
Entertainment software
Business software
3. Applications Software
Application software consists of programs designed to make
users more productive and/or assist them with personal tasks .
Apply to real-world tasks and solves user problems
5. Types of softwares
Custom
Software
• Written by programmers
• Takes a lot of time to write and test
• When specifications are unique
Packaged or
Commercial
• Sold in stores, catalogs, or downloadable from the WWW
• Purchased from software publishers
• Must be installed
• The setup process copies some of all of the software to the hard disk
• May require the CD-ROM to be in the drive to run
Acquiring
Software
• These include: Freewares, Shareware, Open source, Commercial and
public domain softwares
6. Acquiring Software
Freeware
• Free to all
• Copyright
ed
• Distribute
d in
machine-
readable
format
Shareware
• Freely
distributed
for a trial
period
• Pay a
nominal fee
to register
with the
author
Public-
domain
software
• Un-
copyrighted
• May be
altered
without
restriction
• Generally
developed
under govt.
grants
Open-
source
• Free to all
• Source
code is
distribute
d
• May be
used or
altered
Commercial
software
• Used most
often
• Copyrighted
• Generally
costly
• May not be
copied
without
permission of
the
7. Types of Application Software
Productivity software
Specialty software
Entertainment software
Personal software
7
12. Database Management
Used as a complex electronic filing system
Examples
Corel Paradox
Microsoft Access
12
13. Personal Information Manager Software
Used to replace the management tools found on a
traditional desk
Calendar, address book, notepad, and to-do list
Examples
Lotus Organizer
Microsoft Outlook
13
14. Graphics and Multimedia Software
14
Examples
Desktop
Publishing
Software
Image
Editing
Software
Drawing
(illustration)
Software
Computer-
Aided
Design
(CAD)
Software
Video
Editing
Software
Web Page
Authoring
Software
15. Desktop Publishing
Arrange text and graphics for publications
Uses
Newsletters
Reports
Brochures
Example:
QuarkXPress
19. Computer-Aided Design Software
Used to create 3-D
automated designs,
technical drawings, and
model visualizations
Industrial use includes
Architecture,
automotive, and
medical engineering
19
20. Entertainment Software
20
Designed to provide
users with entertainment
such as games
Categories include
• Action and Adventure
• Driving
• Puzzles and strategy
• Role-playing
• Card-playing
• Simulation
• Virtual reality