2. CULTURAL CLASH in the CHESAPEAKE
When the English landed in 1607, the
chieftain Powhatan dominated the native
peoples living in the James River area.
He was the leader of Powhatan’s
confederacy.
3. Initially, Powhatan viewed the English as
potential allies, but relations grew tense
as starving colonists took to raiding
Indian food.
4. Describe Lord De La Warr’s “Irish
tactics” used against Powhatan.
How did the Indians respond?
5. How did John Rolfe end the First Anglo-Powhatan War in 1614?
The Second Anglo-Powhatan War in 1644:
1. Indian goals
2. Victor
3. Consequences
How did the English view the Indians in North America versus the Spanish
treatment of the natives in Latin America?
6. THE INDIANS’ NEW WORLD
The fate of the Powhatans foreshadowed the destinies of indigenous peoples throughout
the continent as European settlement progressed. Large-scale European colonization
disrupted Native American life on a vast scale, inducing unprecedented demographic and
cultural transformations.
Disease was by far the greatest disrupter. Disease took more than human life; it
extinguished entire cultures. Epidemics robbed native peoples of the elders who
preserved oral traditions that held clans together, and the decimation forced migrations
of native peoples.
Trade also transformed Indian life. The barter system gave way to European commerce
in increasing areas. The introduction of firearms ushered-in an escalating cycle of
Indian-on-Indian violence, fueled by the lure and demands of European trade goods (skins
& pelts for European goods).
Indians along the Atlantic seaboard felt the most ferocious effects of European contact.
Farther inland, native peoples had the advantage of time, space, and numbers.
7. VIRGINIA: CHILD of TOBACCO
What emerged as the “economic savior” of Virginia?
Slavery in Virginia planted the seeds of the North American slave system. Was slavery widespread
in Virginia? Identify the evolution of slavery in Virginia from 1650 until 1700.
9. Was King James I supportive of the Virginia
colony?
Discussion Question: Rank the following list
starting with the one you think had the most
significant consequence. Justify your ranking
and speculate as to what might have happened
had these events not occurred.
a. Cultivation of tobacco
b. Introduction of slavery
c. The establishment of the Virginia House
of Burgesses.
10. MARYLAND: CATHOLIC HAVEN
Maryland – the second plantation
colony but the fourth English colony
to be planted – was founded in 1634
by Lord Baltimore, of a prominent
English Catholic family.
Identify his two primary motives
for establishing Maryland.
11. Explain the source of the social
conflict that flared into open
rebellion and caused the
Baltimore family to lose its
proprietary rights for a time.
Was Maryland a prosperous
colony? What was the major
economic activity? And, what
was the primary source of labor?
Explain the famed Act of
Toleration. What was its
significance?
14. How did the English secure several islands?
What was the major economic activity? Contrast the agricultural differences as
compared to the Chesapeake colonies.
Describe the rationale behind the
slave “codes.”
What would be the future
significance for these “codes?”
15. How did economic conditions in the West
Indies impact on the future Carolinas?
16.
17. COLONIZING the CAROLINAS
Civil war convulsed England in the 1640’s, interrupting colonization for nearly 20 years.
The Restoration Period marked the resumption of empire building. How did it
contribute to founding and settlement of the Carolinas?
Aristocratic founders of Carolina hoped to
grow foodstuffs to provision the sugar
plantation of Barbados. What emerged as
the primary export product?
What was the chief labor source? And what
became the busiest seaport in the South?
How did the Catholic Spaniards react to the
“intrusion” of the Protestant heretics in
Carolina?
18. THE EMERGENCE of NORTH CAROLINA
How did North Carolina emerge
separately?
What distinguishes North Carolina
from South Carolina and Virginia?
Identify the two similarities that
North Carolina shared with Rhode
Island.
What would be the fate of the
Native Americans?
19. LATE-COMING GEORGIA:
THE BUFFER COLONY
Why was Georgia valued by the English crown?
How did the crown reward the colony’s value”
20. Who were the founders? Who was
the highest profile founder?
What the colony’s chief goal?
Why did the colony grow with such
slowness?
21.
22. THE PLANTATION COLONIES
(SUMMARY)
Identify the distinctive features shared by the plantation colonies:
1. ___________________________ 5. ___________________________
2. ___________________________ 6. ___________________________
3. ___________________________ 7. ___________________________
4. ___________________________
