Anti Viral
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This document summarizes various anti-viral and anti-fungal agents. It discusses the mechanism of action and clinical uses of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors like zidovudine, didanosine, lamivudine, emtricitabine and others for treating HIV. It also covers anti-herpes drugs like acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir and penciclovir; anti-CMV drugs like ganciclovir and cidofovir; and other agents for treating hepatitis, influenza and fungal infections. The adverse effects, pharmacokinetics and mechanisms of these different classes of drugs are summarized.
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This document discusses antiviral drugs used to treat retrovirus infections such as HIV. It classifies antiretroviral drugs into different categories based on their mechanism of action, including nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors, fusion inhibitors, CCR5 receptor inhibitors, and integrase inhibitors. Key drugs from each category are described in terms of their pharmacological properties and clinical applications. The principles of highly active antiretroviral therapy and guidelines for HIV treatment and prevention are also summarized.
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This presentation gives a basic pharmacological knowledge about commonly using antivirals.This contains basic mechanism of viral action and mode of action,indication, adverse effects about each of antivirals.
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Antiviral drugs are a class of medication used for treating viral infections. Most antivirals target specific viruses, while a broad-spectrum antiviral is effective against a wide range of viruses. Unlike most antibiotics, antiviral drugs do not destroy their target pathogen; instead they inhibit its development.
Antiviral drugs
The document discusses antiviral drugs and their mechanisms and uses. It covers several key points:
1) Viruses require host cells to replicate and antiviral drugs aim to interfere with viral replication mechanisms inside cells without harming cells.
2) Many antiviral drugs are nucleoside/nucleotide analogs that inhibit viral DNA/RNA polymerase after being phosphorylated inside infected cells.
3) Drugs discussed include acyclovir and related drugs for herpes viruses, ribavirin for respiratory viruses, amantadine for influenza, and interferons for hepatitis infections.
4) Optimal antiviral response requires drugs that can achieve inhibitory levels inside infected cells and a competent immune response against
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This document summarizes various aspects of antiviral drugs, including their classification, mechanisms of action, and use for specific viruses. It discusses drugs that target DNA viruses like herpes simplex virus and hepatitis B virus. These include nucleoside analogues like acyclovir and ganciclovir that inhibit viral DNA polymerase. It also covers drugs for influenza viruses like amantadine and oseltamivir that inhibit the viral M2 protein and neuraminidase enzyme. Antivirals for hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus are also outlined, such as interferons, ribavirin, protease inhibitors, and integrase inhibitors. The document provides brief descriptions of each drug's mechanism, pharmac
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3) Drugs discussed include acyclovir and related drugs for herpes viruses, ribavirin for respiratory viruses, amantadine for influenza, and interferons for hepatitis infections.
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Viruses require host cells to replicate and are difficult to treat. Antiviral drugs work by inhibiting viral replication, attachment, or protein/nucleic acid production. They target viruses like HIV, influenza, herpes, and CMV. Side effects vary but can include bone marrow suppression, renal failure, or neurological issues. Nurses must carefully monitor patients for therapeutic effects and educate them about proper administration and side effect reporting.
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The document discusses various antiviral drugs, their mechanisms of action, and their uses. It describes nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) like zidovudine, didanosine, zalcitabine, and lamivudine which work by competing for incorporation into viral DNA and terminating the chain. It also discusses protease inhibitors like saquinavir, indinavir, and ritonavir which prevent viral replication by binding to viral proteases and blocking protein cleavage. Finally, it mentions other antivirals like amantadine, rimantadine, acyclovir, and gancyclovir which interfere with viral attachment, uncoating, or nucleic acid replication
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Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites composed of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein capsid and sometimes an envelope. They replicate by hijacking host cell machinery. Many antiviral drugs are nucleoside analogs that inhibit viral DNA or RNA polymerase after being phosphorylated intracellularly. Common antivirals target herpesviruses (acyclovir, ganciclovir), hepatitis B (adefovir), influenza (oseltamivir), and cytomegalovirus (ganciclovir, cidofovir, foscarnet). While effective against actively replicating virus, antivirals do not eliminate latent infections and host immunity remains important for recovery.
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Viruses require host cells to replicate and are difficult to treat. Antiviral drugs work by inhibiting viral replication, attachment, or protein/nucleic acid production. They target viruses like HIV, influenza, herpes, and CMV. Side effects vary but can include bone marrow suppression, renal failure, or neurological issues. Nurses must carefully monitor patients for therapeutic effects and educate them about proper administration and side effect reporting.
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Antiviral drugs are a class of medications used to treat viral infections by inhibiting the replication or growth of viruses in the body. These drugs work by targeting specific components of a virus, such as the viral enzymes, proteins, or nucleic acids, and disrupting their ability to infect or replicate inside host cells. This can help reduce the severity of symptoms, prevent complications, and speed up recovery.
There are many types of antiviral drugs available, including:
1. Nucleoside or nucleotide analogues: These drugs mimic the structure of the nucleosides or nucleotides needed for viral replication, thereby interfering with virus replication.
2. Protease inhibitors: These drugs block the activity of viral proteases, which are enzymes that are required for the replication and assembly of some viruses.
3. Interferons: These drugs are naturally occurring proteins that help the immune system fight viral infections by boosting the body's antiviral response.
4. Neuraminidase inhibitors: These drugs block the activity of viral neuraminidase, an enzyme that is required for the release of virus particles from infected cells.
5. Fusion inhibitors: These drugs block the fusion of viral and host cell membranes, which is an essential step in viral entry and replication.
Antiviral drugs can be used to treat a variety of viral infections, including influenza, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B and C, herpes, and Ebola. However, the effectiveness of these drugs can vary depending on the specific virus and the stage of infection. Antiviral drugs may also have side effects, and it is important to consult with a healthcare provider before taking them.
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This document discusses several anti-viral drugs including acyclovir, valacyclovir, ribavirin, and tromantadine HCL. It describes the mechanisms of viruses and how each drug works to inhibit viral replication. Acyclovir is a nucleoside analogue that is phosphorylated inside cells and inhibits viral DNA polymerase. Valacyclovir is a prodrug of acyclovir that is absorbed more efficiently. Ribavirin has a broad antiviral spectrum and works by inhibiting viral RNA and mRNA synthesis. Tromantadine inhibits early and late events in the herpes virus lifecycle including penetration and uncoating.
ANTIVIRAL DRUGS.pptx
This document discusses various classes of antiviral drugs, including those that target herpes viruses, influenza virus, hepatitis viruses, and HIV. It provides details on the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, uses, and adverse effects of representative drugs in each class, such as acyclovir for herpes, amantadine/rimantadine for influenza, lamivudine/adefovir for hepatitis B, ribavirin/interferon for hepatitis C, and zidovudine as the prototype nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor for HIV. The goal of antiviral treatment is to inhibit virus-specific replication events while minimizing effects on host cell processes.
Antivirales Y Antifungicos
Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that replicate inside host cells. There are several steps to viral replication including entry, uncoating, synthesis of viral proteins and nucleic acids, assembly, and release. Antiviral drugs can block viral entry or work inside cells, often by targeting viral DNA or RNA synthesis. Acyclovir is a nucleoside analog prototype drug for treating herpes viruses. It is phosphorylated inside infected cells and inhibits viral DNA synthesis through chain termination. Resistance can occur via alterations in viral enzymes targeted by the drug.
Anti viral drugs
This document discusses anti-viral drugs used to treat various viral infections. It begins by defining anti-viral drugs as those that inhibit viral multiplication within host cells. The document then classifies anti-viral drugs into categories based on the viruses they treat, including anti-herpes, anti-influenza, anti-hepatitis, and anti-retroviral drugs. For each drug class, it provides the names of common drugs, their mechanisms of action at inhibiting viral replication, and typical dosages. Nursing responsibilities are outlined as monitoring for potential adverse effects or symptoms and educating patients.
Antiviral drugs.ppt
The document discusses various antiviral drugs, classifying them based on their mechanism of action and the stage of the viral life cycle they target. It describes several nucleoside analog drugs like acyclovir, gancyclovir, vidarabine, idoxuridine and trifluridine which inhibit viral DNA polymerase after being phosphorylated. It also discusses mechanisms, spectra, pharmacokinetics and uses of specific antiviral drugs like amantadine, ribavirin, and protease inhibitors.
antiviral drugs
Antiviral drugs work by interfering with the viral life cycle in various ways such as inhibiting viral nucleic acid synthesis, regulation, or the virus's ability to bind to and enter cells. There are several classes of antiviral drugs that target specific viruses including anti-herpes drugs like acyclovir and famciclovir, anti-influenza drugs like amantadine and oseltamivir, anti-hepatitis drugs like ribavirin and adefovir, and anti-HIV drugs like zidovudine, lamivudine, and interferon alpha. Many antiviral drugs are prodrugs that require activation within cells by viral or cellular enzymes
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4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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