Antarctic benthic foraminifera austral summer 2001-2002 slideshare
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Foraminifera are single-celled protozoans that are abundant in polar seas and the deep sea. They can reproduce quickly and process organic matter efficiently, responding directly to food availability. Studies found that certain foraminifera species selectively feed on polyunsaturated fatty acids produced by phytoplankton, which are important for many organisms but not accessible to others until the foraminifera break them down. This suggests foraminifera play an important role in areas with pulsed food input like the Antarctic by controlling the availability and transfer of nutrients to other organisms.
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Morphological feature of foraminifera
Foraminifera are single-celled protists that produce shells (tests) made of minerals or agglutinated particles. Their tests can consist of a single chamber or multiple chambers connected by openings. Foraminifera are classified based on their test composition and morphology. Key morphological features include wall structure (agglutinated, calcareous, or microgranular), chamber shape and arrangement (planispiral, trochospiral, etc.), and aperture type (terminal, umbilical, etc.). Foraminiferal tests provide valuable information for dating rock strata and reconstructing paleoenvironments.
Micropaleontology and foraminifera
Micropaleontology is the study of microfossils, which are generally between 0.001mm and 1 mm in size. Foraminifera are single-celled protists with shells that can have one or multiple chambers. They are found in all marine environments and their fossil assemblages are useful for biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental reconstruction. Foraminifera shells are composed of materials like chitin, agglutinated grains, or calcium carbonate. Their tests and cell structure allow them to move and feed. Due to their abundance, diversity, and sensitivity to environmental conditions, Foraminifera are widely used in applications like oil and gas exploration, paleoceanography, and archaeology.
Morphology of foraminifera
The document provides an overview of foraminifera including:
- Their morphology, wall structure, and chamber development which can be unilocular or multilocular in various arrangements.
- Their importance for biostratigraphy, paleoecology, and paleoceanography making them useful tools for dating rocks and reconstructing past environments.
- Their global geological distribution through time from Cambrian to Recent, reaching their maximum diversity in the Tertiary and present.
Applications of micro-fossil in bio statigraphy
This document provides an overview of biostratigraphy and microfossils. It defines biostratigraphy as using fossils to determine the relative age of rock strata. Microfossils, which are fossils less than 0.5mm in size, are commonly used for biostratigraphy. Various types of microfossils like foraminifera, radiolaria, and diatoms are described. Biostratigraphic units defined by fossil occurrences like zones, assemblage zones, and interval zones are also outlined. The document discusses uses of biostratigraphy in fields like stratigraphy, correlation, and sequence stratigraphy. Microfossils are concluded to be very useful for reconstructing past environments from deep sea sediments and in the
Benthic foraminifera
single-celled organisms (protists) Such organisms are classified in the Superkingdom of Protists or Protista
Foraminifera and its Applications
Foraminifera are single-celled organisms that produce shells or tests made of calcium carbonate, agglutinated particles, or organic materials. They are abundant microfossils commonly used for biostratigraphy, paleoecology, and paleobiogeography reconstructions. Foraminifera have a wide environmental range and different species are found in different environments and time periods, making them useful for correlating and dating rock units. Their tests also provide information about past ocean conditions like temperature, salinity, and circulation patterns. Foraminifera analysis is applied to oil exploration by helping determine the age and environment of rock samples from drill cores.
Classification of micro fossil theory
Microscopic animal
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Microfossils are very small remains of organisms 0.001 mm (1 micron) to 1 mm, that require magnification for study.
They are abundant, can be recovered from small samples.
Provide the main evidence for organic evolution through the time
They classified into two groups:
Organic-walled; Acritarchs, Dinoflagellate, Spores and Pollen grains … etc.
Foraminifera Each chamber interconnected by an opening (foramen) or several openings (foramina).
Known from Early Cambrian through to recent times, and has reached its acme during the Cenozoic.
Have a wide environmental range from terrestrial to deep sea and from polar to the tropical region.
Depending on the species, the shell may be made of organic compounds, sand grains and other particles cemented together, or from crystalline calcite.
Inorganic walled; Diatoms, Silicoflagellates, Ostracods, Conodonts, and Foraminifera
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Morphological feature of foraminifera
Foraminifera are single-celled protists that produce shells (tests) made of minerals or agglutinated particles. Their tests can consist of a single chamber or multiple chambers connected by openings. Foraminifera are classified based on their test composition and morphology. Key morphological features include wall structure (agglutinated, calcareous, or microgranular), chamber shape and arrangement (planispiral, trochospiral, etc.), and aperture type (terminal, umbilical, etc.). Foraminiferal tests provide valuable information for dating rock strata and reconstructing paleoenvironments.
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Morphology of foraminifera
The document provides an overview of foraminifera including:
- Their morphology, wall structure, and chamber development which can be unilocular or multilocular in various arrangements.
- Their importance for biostratigraphy, paleoecology, and paleoceanography making them useful tools for dating rocks and reconstructing past environments.
- Their global geological distribution through time from Cambrian to Recent, reaching their maximum diversity in the Tertiary and present.
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Microscopic animal
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Bacteria
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Microfossil fragments of larger organism
Foraminifera , micro fossil
Microfossils are very small remains of organisms 0.001 mm (1 micron) to 1 mm, that require magnification for study.
They are abundant, can be recovered from small samples.
Provide the main evidence for organic evolution through the time
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Known from Early Cambrian through to recent times, and has reached its acme during the Cenozoic.
Have a wide environmental range from terrestrial to deep sea and from polar to the tropical region.
Depending on the species, the shell may be made of organic compounds, sand grains and other particles cemented together, or from crystalline calcite.
Inorganic walled; Diatoms, Silicoflagellates, Ostracods, Conodonts, and Foraminifera
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This document summarizes the key characteristics of 5 organisms: tilapia, milkfish, clam, crab, and snail. It describes how each organism obtains food, reproduces, its body plan, and stages of development. Tilapia and milkfish feed on plankton and aquatic plants/invertebrates. Clams and snails are filter feeders. Crabs are omnivorous. Reproduction involves external or internal fertilization and larval stages for most. The body plans include shells, claws, tails and other distinguishing structures. Development proceeds through embryonic, larval and juvenile stages to sexual maturity.
Zooplankton
This document defines and describes various types of plankton found in marine environments. It discusses plankton in terms of their trophic levels (herbivores, carnivores, detritivores, omnivores), life cycles (holoplankton vs meroplankton), and taxonomic groups (protists, radiolarians, ciliates, jellyfish, copepods, krill, appendicularians). It also describes plankton larvae stages (nauplius, copepodite), sediments formed from plankton shells (radiolarian ooze, pteropod ooze), and depth zones in the ocean (epipelagic, mesopelagic
05 protists
Protists are a diverse group of eukaryotic organisms that are mostly unicellular. They include animal-like protists that move and feed on other organisms, plantlike protists that can photosynthesize, and fungilike protists. Protists are an important part of the food chain and form symbiotic relationships with other organisms. Some protists are harmful parasites of humans and other animals.
Presentation cmlre.pptx
Plankton are organisms that are unable to propel themselves and include phytoplankton, zooplankton, mycoplankton, bacterioplankton, and virioplankton. Zooplankton are divided into holoplankton that spend their entire lifecycle as plankton and meroplankton that are planktonic for only part of their lifecycle. Some common types of plankton described in the document include protozoa like radiolaria and foraminifera, ciliates, jellyfish, comb jellies, worms, mollusks, rotifers, and crustaceans like copepods. Productivity in marine environments
Kingdom Protista
The Kingdom Protista includes all single-celled eukaryotic organisms and represents an important step in early evolution. Protists have cell membranes, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts, and nuclei but lack specialized tissues. They can be heterotrophic or autotrophic and reproduce both sexually and asexually. Protists are classified into protozoans, which move using pseudopodia, flagella, or cilia, and algae, which are plant-like single or multi-celled organisms. Many protists are pathogens while others are primary producers in aquatic ecosystems.
Animal like protists
The document summarizes key information about animal-like protists (protists without chloroplasts). It discusses their modes of locomotion/movement including cilia, flagella, and pseudopodia. It also describes their various modes of reproduction like binary fission, conjugation, and fragmentation. The major groups of protists are identified including ciliates, dinoflagellates, apicomplexans, amebas, and others.
Chapter 8 section 1
1) Protists are single or multi-celled eukaryotic organisms that live in moist environments. They can reproduce asexually through cell division or regeneration, or sexually.
2) Plantlike protists include algae which are important producers. Algae are grouped according to their pigments and food storage. Diatoms, dinoflagellates, and euglena were discussed.
3) Animal-like protists or protozoa are grouped by their means of movement. Ciliates like paramecium and stentor move using cilia. Amoebas move using pseudopods. Some flagellates and sporozoans are parasitic.
Claasification of zooplankton and Benthos
Zooplankton are small aquatic animals that drift or float in water and rely on currents for movement. Without environmental controls, the entire world could be covered by a 3-foot thick layer of zooplankton in just 130 days. Zooplankton are classified based on size from femtoplankton to megaplankton. They also have holoplankton that remain plankton their whole life and meroplankton that are partially planktonic. Common phyla include protozoa, cnidaria, chaetognatha, annelida, mollusca, arthropoda, and chordata.
protozoa.pdf Malaria: Malaria is caused by the genus Plasmodium. In humans, i...
protozoa Micro
Malaria: Malaria is caused by the genus Plasmodium. In humans, it is brought about by four different species of the organism:
Final ppt. in biodiversity
This document discusses the classification and characteristics of different algal groups, including:
- Fritsch classified algae into 11 classes including Chlorophyceae, Xanthophyceae, and Cyanophyceae.
- Algae exhibit diverse morphologies and habitats, from single-celled to complex thalli. They are found in various aquatic and terrestrial environments.
- Algae reproduce both sexually, through processes like isogamy and oogamy, and asexually, through fragmentation, spores, and cell division. Different algal groups display diverse reproductive strategies.
Chapter-2 Biological classification notes
Kingdoms are the second highest rank in biological taxonomy. There are traditionally six kingdoms - Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Archaea/Archaebacteria, and Bacteria/Eubacteria. However, some systems use five kingdoms excluding Archaea/Archaebacteria. The document then discusses Aristotle's early two-kingdom system and Linnaeus' two-kingdom system. It introduces Whittaker's influential five kingdom system of Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia based on cell structure, nutrition, and other characteristics. Each kingdom is then described in more detail covering key defining features.
Amphibians 10-8 miryana bedros yuliya
Amphibians are a class of vertebrate animals that live both on land and in water. They have moist skin, four limbs, undergo metamorphosis from an aquatic larval stage to a terrestrial adult stage, and include frogs, salamanders and caecilians. The largest orders are Anura (frogs), Urodela (salamanders), and Gymnophiona (legless caecilians). Amphibians play an important role in ecosystems and some species are used in medical research.
Feeding
Feeding types- Filter feeders, carnivorous, Omnivorous and their trophic levevls
ontogenic chances in feeding -Forage theory
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