Bjmc i,jmc, unit-i, Indian national movementRai University
The document provides background information on the Indian National Movement and the Indian (John Company's) Army. It discusses how the British East India Company raised and maintained large armies in India for over 150 years, composed mainly of Indian sepoys but led by British officers. Tensions grew between the sepoys and British due to issues like the introduction of new gun cartridges greased with cow and pig fat, which violated Hindu and Muslim beliefs. This triggered the Indian Rebellion of 1857 against British rule, starting with sepoy mutinies in Meerut and the rebellion's spread to Delhi under the Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah II. Ultimately the British were able to suppress the rebellion through military force and took direct control
The document discusses the assault on Delhi by British forces in 1857 during the Indian Rebellion. It describes how the British force was significantly smaller than the defending Indian force but was still able to capture the city. The assault resulted in heavy casualties for the British forces but they were able to recapture Delhi on September 20th. The document emphasizes the importance of leadership, strategy, and innovative tactics demonstrated in this battle. It suggests there are management lessons that can be drawn from studying past military battles.
1) Spanish armies camped near Granada to reconquer the Moor-controlled city. They attacked Granada but its walls and castles were strong.
2) On All Saints Day, Queen Isabella wanted fritters to eat according to custom, but there were no cooks in the army camp.
3) Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, called the Great Captain, bravely fought the Moors and was a skilled military leader who helped Spain defeat stronger French armies through new engineering tactics.
The document provides biographical information about author Herman Melville and summarizes his novel Moby Dick. It discusses Melville's life experiences, including his time at sea that inspired Moby Dick. The summary then outlines the key plot points and chronology of events in Moby Dick, including Captain Ahab's obsession with hunting and killing the whale Moby Dick which ultimately causes his ship to sink. The main characters of Ishmael, Ahab, and Moby Dick are also introduced.
William Wallace was a Scottish rebel leader in the late 13th century who fought against English rule over Scotland. After the death of Scotland's king left the kingdom without an heir, Edward I of England took control of Scotland and imposed harsh rule. This led Wallace to lead a rebellion against English oppression, culminating in his victory over a large English army at the Battle of Stirling Bridge in 1297. However, Wallace's forces were later defeated at the Battle of Falkirk. He was eventually captured and handed over to the English, who brutally executed him for treason in 1305. His resistance helped inspire further Scottish efforts to gain independence from England.
Ishmael and Queequeg sign up to work on the whaling ship Pequod, whose captain is Ahab. Ahab is obsessed with killing Moby Dick, the white whale that bit off his leg. Over the course of the voyage, Ahab's obsession grows stronger, and he refuses help to other ships and endangers his own crew in pursuit of the whale. In the final confrontation, Moby Dick destroys the Pequod and kills Ahab, with only Ishmael surviving to tell the tale.
The document summarizes aspects of life on the British home front during World War II, including:
1) The evacuation of nearly 3 million people, mostly schoolchildren, from cities to rural areas at the start of the war due to fears of bombing raids by German aircraft.
2) The introduction of rationing in 1940 to fairly distribute scarce food and other goods due to attacks on shipping by German submarines.
3) The bombing of British cities by German aircraft in air raids known as the "Blitz", which lasted from 1940-1941 and caused extensive damage, especially in London.
4) The use of air raid shelters like Anderson and Morrison shelters for protection during bombing raids.
William Wallace was a Scottish knight who led the Scots in the First War of Scottish Independence against King Edward I of England. He is best known for leading Scottish forces to victory over the English at the Battle of Stirling Bridge in 1297. Wallace fought for Scottish independence throughout his life and was executed for high treason by the English in 1305 at the age of 35. He came to be seen as a national hero for his role in the wars of Scottish Independence.
Bjmc i,jmc, unit-i, Indian national movementRai University
The document provides background information on the Indian National Movement and the Indian (John Company's) Army. It discusses how the British East India Company raised and maintained large armies in India for over 150 years, composed mainly of Indian sepoys but led by British officers. Tensions grew between the sepoys and British due to issues like the introduction of new gun cartridges greased with cow and pig fat, which violated Hindu and Muslim beliefs. This triggered the Indian Rebellion of 1857 against British rule, starting with sepoy mutinies in Meerut and the rebellion's spread to Delhi under the Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah II. Ultimately the British were able to suppress the rebellion through military force and took direct control
The document discusses the assault on Delhi by British forces in 1857 during the Indian Rebellion. It describes how the British force was significantly smaller than the defending Indian force but was still able to capture the city. The assault resulted in heavy casualties for the British forces but they were able to recapture Delhi on September 20th. The document emphasizes the importance of leadership, strategy, and innovative tactics demonstrated in this battle. It suggests there are management lessons that can be drawn from studying past military battles.
1) Spanish armies camped near Granada to reconquer the Moor-controlled city. They attacked Granada but its walls and castles were strong.
2) On All Saints Day, Queen Isabella wanted fritters to eat according to custom, but there were no cooks in the army camp.
3) Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, called the Great Captain, bravely fought the Moors and was a skilled military leader who helped Spain defeat stronger French armies through new engineering tactics.
The document provides biographical information about author Herman Melville and summarizes his novel Moby Dick. It discusses Melville's life experiences, including his time at sea that inspired Moby Dick. The summary then outlines the key plot points and chronology of events in Moby Dick, including Captain Ahab's obsession with hunting and killing the whale Moby Dick which ultimately causes his ship to sink. The main characters of Ishmael, Ahab, and Moby Dick are also introduced.
William Wallace was a Scottish rebel leader in the late 13th century who fought against English rule over Scotland. After the death of Scotland's king left the kingdom without an heir, Edward I of England took control of Scotland and imposed harsh rule. This led Wallace to lead a rebellion against English oppression, culminating in his victory over a large English army at the Battle of Stirling Bridge in 1297. However, Wallace's forces were later defeated at the Battle of Falkirk. He was eventually captured and handed over to the English, who brutally executed him for treason in 1305. His resistance helped inspire further Scottish efforts to gain independence from England.
Ishmael and Queequeg sign up to work on the whaling ship Pequod, whose captain is Ahab. Ahab is obsessed with killing Moby Dick, the white whale that bit off his leg. Over the course of the voyage, Ahab's obsession grows stronger, and he refuses help to other ships and endangers his own crew in pursuit of the whale. In the final confrontation, Moby Dick destroys the Pequod and kills Ahab, with only Ishmael surviving to tell the tale.
The document summarizes aspects of life on the British home front during World War II, including:
1) The evacuation of nearly 3 million people, mostly schoolchildren, from cities to rural areas at the start of the war due to fears of bombing raids by German aircraft.
2) The introduction of rationing in 1940 to fairly distribute scarce food and other goods due to attacks on shipping by German submarines.
3) The bombing of British cities by German aircraft in air raids known as the "Blitz", which lasted from 1940-1941 and caused extensive damage, especially in London.
4) The use of air raid shelters like Anderson and Morrison shelters for protection during bombing raids.
William Wallace was a Scottish knight who led the Scots in the First War of Scottish Independence against King Edward I of England. He is best known for leading Scottish forces to victory over the English at the Battle of Stirling Bridge in 1297. Wallace fought for Scottish independence throughout his life and was executed for high treason by the English in 1305 at the age of 35. He came to be seen as a national hero for his role in the wars of Scottish Independence.
This timeline summarizes key events from 1865-1912:
1) Several important inventions and developments occurred such as the telephone (1876), light bulb (1880), and airplane flight (1903).
2) Social movements emerged such as the Populist party (1892), women's suffrage, and labor unions like the American Federation of Labor (1886).
3) Native American history saw events like the Battle of Little Bighorn (1876), Wounded Knee Massacre (1890), and Dawes Act (1887) which broke up reservations.
4) Racial segregation intensified during this period through Jim Crow laws and the Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court decision
Beowulf is an epic poem about a great Geatish warrior named Beowulf who comes to the aid of King Hrothgar of the Danes. Grendel, a monstrous troll, has been terrorizing Hrothgar's mead hall, Heorot, for years by killing and devouring his men. Beowulf defeats Grendel in a fight and later Grendel's mother, but is fatally wounded in old age while fighting a dragon defending its treasure.
The document summarizes the novel Moby Dick. It discusses the themes of bravery, compassion, and trustworthiness which are portrayed through the character of Starbuck. Starbuck bravely challenges Captain Ahab, shows compassion for the crew, and is trusted by the others on the ship. The document also notes that these qualities represent the moral values learned from the novel.
The document provides a summary of the novel Moby Dick by Herman Melville. It outlines the key plot points and characters. The story follows Ishmael as he joins the crew of the whaling ship Pequod, whose captain Ahab is obsessed with hunting down the white whale Moby Dick who bit off his leg. Over three days, Ahab pursues Moby Dick but the whale destroys Ahab's boats and eventually rams and sinks the Pequod, killing all crew except Ishmael.
Beowulf is a great Geatish warrior who comes to aid the Danes by defeating two monsters, Grendel and his mother. In his later years, Beowulf becomes king of the Geats and faces a dragon that is terrorizing his kingdom. Despite defeating the dragon, Beowulf is mortally wounded in the battle. He dies after instructing his successor Wiglaf on how to be a good king. Wiglaf then scolds the men who failed to help Beowulf fight the dragon.
The Quest for the Crown by the Brainiacsmapleclass
Harold Godwinson had been chosen by the Witan to be the next King of England after Edward the Confessor. However, William Duke of Normandy and Harald Hardrada also claimed rights to the English throne. Harold prepared his army at Senlac Hill for battle against the invading Norwegian King Harald Hardrada. In a fierce battle, Harold was victorious after killing Hardrada. However, William of Normandy soon invaded as well, leading to the famous Battle of Hastings where William defeated and killed Harold, becoming William the Conqueror and new King of England.
The document provides an outline for a unit on Herman Melville's novel Moby Dick. It includes sections on Melville's life and works, an introduction to Moby Dick discussing its plot, themes, and characters, and an analysis of selected chapters. It also references a 1956 film adaptation of the novel directed by John Huston.
The document provides background information on the Anglo-Saxon period in Britain and the epic poem Beowulf. It discusses that the Anglo-Saxons inhabited Britain from the 5th century onward as Germanic tribes migrating from Europe. This period between 450-1066 AD is known as the Anglo-Saxon period, during which Old English was spoken. Old English is like a foreign language to modern English speakers. The document also notes that Anglo-Saxon sagas were entertaining stories told at feasts that mixed history with legend, and poses questions about the significance of images and conclusions that can be drawn from Beowulf.
1) The document provides a timeline of key events and developments in America from 1850 to the 1890s, during the period of rapid industrialization and immigration.
2) Some notable events included the Bessemer Process revolutionizing steel production in the 1850s, the Transcontinental Railroad being completed in 1869, the Pullman Strike in 1894, and Plessy v. Ferguson establishing the "separate but equal" doctrine in 1896.
3) The timeline highlights developments in technology, transportation, industry, politics, and social movements that shaped America during this pivotal era.
The document provides details about Rajesh Rampal, including his contact information and background. It then discusses the assault on Delhi in 1857, noting that the British force was outnumbered but still captured Delhi on September 20th. The last part promotes Rajesh Rampal's expertise in guiding tours to battlefield sites from the 1857 uprising and provides testimonials praising his knowledge and storytelling abilities.
This document provides an overview of the novel Moby Dick by Herman Melville, including a summary of the plot, descriptions of main characters, themes, and early criticism. The plot involves Captain Ahab's obsessive pursuit of the white whale Moby Dick aboard the whaling ship Pequod. Main characters include the narrator Ishmael, Captain Ahab driven mad in his quest for revenge on the whale, and his loyal first mate Starbuck. Themes explored include the uncontrollable power of nature and the destructive nature of obsession. While praised for its style and characters, early critics had mixed views and found the story disjointed and ending weak.
The quiz consisted of 4 rounds with 7 questions each in the Ignition and 2nd Frontier rounds, and a Dry round with 7 questions. The final round was a Short Visual Connect round with 4 questions that all connected to movies directed or produced by Sanjay Leela Bhansali. Teams were asked to keep track of their scores throughout the quiz. The quiz master's decisions would be final. Good luck was wished to all participating teams.
The document summarizes the settlement of the American West in the late 1800s. It describes how the Transcontinental Railroad was built between 1865-1869 to link the eastern and western United States, making travel west quicker. The railroad stimulated western expansion by enabling settlers, farmers, and ranchers to access eastern markets. It also discusses how settlers moved west for reasons like seeking land, gold, and religion. Life for early settlers and railroad workers was difficult with dangers from weather, injuries, and lack of resources. The document also summarizes the importance of the buffalo to Plains Indians and how their decline impacted Native American cultures and livelihoods.
The document summarizes the massive migration of Europeans to America between 1865 and 1914. It describes the various push factors that drove Europeans to emigrate such as poverty, famine, wars, and religious oppression. It then details the journey immigrants took across the Atlantic by ship in cramped steerage quarters, and their processing at Ellis Island upon arrival in New York. It discusses how immigrants often settled in ethnic neighborhoods and the contributions some notable immigrants made. It also summarizes Asian immigration to America through Angel Island in California and the discrimination and exclusion they eventually faced through laws like the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.
Romulus and Remus were brothers who were abandoned as infants but survived and grew up to found the city of Rome. However, they later fought over what to name the city, during which Romulus killed Remus. The Roman Empire then began expanding out of Italy, conquering other lands including Britain, which was invaded under Julius Caesar in order to punish and claim resources from the Britons.
The document summarizes key developments in America from the 1860s to 1900, including the growth of cities and industries, increased immigration, and social pressures. It discusses the rise of mining, cattle ranching, and transcontinental railroads, as well as conflicts over land with Native American tribes and the near-extinction of the American bison.
How are some animals able to hide in plain sight? What are their special powers? Find out in Mocomi TimePass Magazine Issue 28. Every issue has something fun for everyone! In each magazine you will find folktales, trivia, puzzles, health tips, jokes and much more!
This document provides background on Gandhi and Churchill's families in 1874 when both were born. It describes how Gandhi was born into a prominent family in a small Indian state. Meanwhile, Churchill was born at Blenheim Castle in England to a family that was once very powerful and wealthy but had since declined financially. Both men would choose politics as a way to make their mark. The document also discusses the political consensus in Britain at the time, with agreement between parties on maintaining the empire, gold standard, and social/economic policies, leaving few divisive issues for ambitious politicians.
AS Level History Scramble for and Decolonization of AfricaAmber Furmage
1) The document summarizes key events in the scramble for and colonization of Africa between the late 19th and early 20th centuries from the perspective of various historians and theories.
2) It provides a timeline of events related to the colonization of specific African countries and regions like Sudan, Egypt, Nigeria, Uganda, South Africa, and the Gold Coast.
3) The theories provided seek to explain the economic, political, and strategic motivations behind Europe's colonization of Africa during this time period from both metropolitan and peripheral views.
Scramble for Africa AS History FlashcardsAmber Furmage
These are my Scramble for Africa Flashcards to be put into small booklets etc. I know some of the text got displaced when uploading here for some reason but you can always fix that yourselves. Feel free to use for revision purposes.
The document discusses career considerations in Python and open source, including:
1) Short bios of the speakers, an overview of Thompson Technologies which was founded in 1995, and the purpose of providing valuable career information for Python and open source professionals.
2) Statistics on the strong IT job market nationally and in Atlanta specifically, with software development as a top career, and growing demand for Python, PHP, Ruby, and Linux systems jobs.
3) Potential career paths working with Python, including web development, DevOps automation, scientific computing, and data science.
4) Questions and answers from the audience about resumes, interviews, salary trends, and working with recruiting agencies.
This document provides information about a performance consulting and facilitation company. It discusses the company's mission, beliefs, services, and process. The company focuses on strategic management and managerial relationships/processes. It provides tailored solutions such as defining corporate culture, coaching managers, change management assistance, and training courses. The goal is to help clients reach their dreams through managerial solutions aligned with the company's performance equation of P=MC6 (Performance equals Motivation times Coherence squared).
This timeline summarizes key events from 1865-1912:
1) Several important inventions and developments occurred such as the telephone (1876), light bulb (1880), and airplane flight (1903).
2) Social movements emerged such as the Populist party (1892), women's suffrage, and labor unions like the American Federation of Labor (1886).
3) Native American history saw events like the Battle of Little Bighorn (1876), Wounded Knee Massacre (1890), and Dawes Act (1887) which broke up reservations.
4) Racial segregation intensified during this period through Jim Crow laws and the Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court decision
Beowulf is an epic poem about a great Geatish warrior named Beowulf who comes to the aid of King Hrothgar of the Danes. Grendel, a monstrous troll, has been terrorizing Hrothgar's mead hall, Heorot, for years by killing and devouring his men. Beowulf defeats Grendel in a fight and later Grendel's mother, but is fatally wounded in old age while fighting a dragon defending its treasure.
The document summarizes the novel Moby Dick. It discusses the themes of bravery, compassion, and trustworthiness which are portrayed through the character of Starbuck. Starbuck bravely challenges Captain Ahab, shows compassion for the crew, and is trusted by the others on the ship. The document also notes that these qualities represent the moral values learned from the novel.
The document provides a summary of the novel Moby Dick by Herman Melville. It outlines the key plot points and characters. The story follows Ishmael as he joins the crew of the whaling ship Pequod, whose captain Ahab is obsessed with hunting down the white whale Moby Dick who bit off his leg. Over three days, Ahab pursues Moby Dick but the whale destroys Ahab's boats and eventually rams and sinks the Pequod, killing all crew except Ishmael.
Beowulf is a great Geatish warrior who comes to aid the Danes by defeating two monsters, Grendel and his mother. In his later years, Beowulf becomes king of the Geats and faces a dragon that is terrorizing his kingdom. Despite defeating the dragon, Beowulf is mortally wounded in the battle. He dies after instructing his successor Wiglaf on how to be a good king. Wiglaf then scolds the men who failed to help Beowulf fight the dragon.
The Quest for the Crown by the Brainiacsmapleclass
Harold Godwinson had been chosen by the Witan to be the next King of England after Edward the Confessor. However, William Duke of Normandy and Harald Hardrada also claimed rights to the English throne. Harold prepared his army at Senlac Hill for battle against the invading Norwegian King Harald Hardrada. In a fierce battle, Harold was victorious after killing Hardrada. However, William of Normandy soon invaded as well, leading to the famous Battle of Hastings where William defeated and killed Harold, becoming William the Conqueror and new King of England.
The document provides an outline for a unit on Herman Melville's novel Moby Dick. It includes sections on Melville's life and works, an introduction to Moby Dick discussing its plot, themes, and characters, and an analysis of selected chapters. It also references a 1956 film adaptation of the novel directed by John Huston.
The document provides background information on the Anglo-Saxon period in Britain and the epic poem Beowulf. It discusses that the Anglo-Saxons inhabited Britain from the 5th century onward as Germanic tribes migrating from Europe. This period between 450-1066 AD is known as the Anglo-Saxon period, during which Old English was spoken. Old English is like a foreign language to modern English speakers. The document also notes that Anglo-Saxon sagas were entertaining stories told at feasts that mixed history with legend, and poses questions about the significance of images and conclusions that can be drawn from Beowulf.
1) The document provides a timeline of key events and developments in America from 1850 to the 1890s, during the period of rapid industrialization and immigration.
2) Some notable events included the Bessemer Process revolutionizing steel production in the 1850s, the Transcontinental Railroad being completed in 1869, the Pullman Strike in 1894, and Plessy v. Ferguson establishing the "separate but equal" doctrine in 1896.
3) The timeline highlights developments in technology, transportation, industry, politics, and social movements that shaped America during this pivotal era.
The document provides details about Rajesh Rampal, including his contact information and background. It then discusses the assault on Delhi in 1857, noting that the British force was outnumbered but still captured Delhi on September 20th. The last part promotes Rajesh Rampal's expertise in guiding tours to battlefield sites from the 1857 uprising and provides testimonials praising his knowledge and storytelling abilities.
This document provides an overview of the novel Moby Dick by Herman Melville, including a summary of the plot, descriptions of main characters, themes, and early criticism. The plot involves Captain Ahab's obsessive pursuit of the white whale Moby Dick aboard the whaling ship Pequod. Main characters include the narrator Ishmael, Captain Ahab driven mad in his quest for revenge on the whale, and his loyal first mate Starbuck. Themes explored include the uncontrollable power of nature and the destructive nature of obsession. While praised for its style and characters, early critics had mixed views and found the story disjointed and ending weak.
The quiz consisted of 4 rounds with 7 questions each in the Ignition and 2nd Frontier rounds, and a Dry round with 7 questions. The final round was a Short Visual Connect round with 4 questions that all connected to movies directed or produced by Sanjay Leela Bhansali. Teams were asked to keep track of their scores throughout the quiz. The quiz master's decisions would be final. Good luck was wished to all participating teams.
The document summarizes the settlement of the American West in the late 1800s. It describes how the Transcontinental Railroad was built between 1865-1869 to link the eastern and western United States, making travel west quicker. The railroad stimulated western expansion by enabling settlers, farmers, and ranchers to access eastern markets. It also discusses how settlers moved west for reasons like seeking land, gold, and religion. Life for early settlers and railroad workers was difficult with dangers from weather, injuries, and lack of resources. The document also summarizes the importance of the buffalo to Plains Indians and how their decline impacted Native American cultures and livelihoods.
The document summarizes the massive migration of Europeans to America between 1865 and 1914. It describes the various push factors that drove Europeans to emigrate such as poverty, famine, wars, and religious oppression. It then details the journey immigrants took across the Atlantic by ship in cramped steerage quarters, and their processing at Ellis Island upon arrival in New York. It discusses how immigrants often settled in ethnic neighborhoods and the contributions some notable immigrants made. It also summarizes Asian immigration to America through Angel Island in California and the discrimination and exclusion they eventually faced through laws like the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.
Romulus and Remus were brothers who were abandoned as infants but survived and grew up to found the city of Rome. However, they later fought over what to name the city, during which Romulus killed Remus. The Roman Empire then began expanding out of Italy, conquering other lands including Britain, which was invaded under Julius Caesar in order to punish and claim resources from the Britons.
The document summarizes key developments in America from the 1860s to 1900, including the growth of cities and industries, increased immigration, and social pressures. It discusses the rise of mining, cattle ranching, and transcontinental railroads, as well as conflicts over land with Native American tribes and the near-extinction of the American bison.
How are some animals able to hide in plain sight? What are their special powers? Find out in Mocomi TimePass Magazine Issue 28. Every issue has something fun for everyone! In each magazine you will find folktales, trivia, puzzles, health tips, jokes and much more!
This document provides background on Gandhi and Churchill's families in 1874 when both were born. It describes how Gandhi was born into a prominent family in a small Indian state. Meanwhile, Churchill was born at Blenheim Castle in England to a family that was once very powerful and wealthy but had since declined financially. Both men would choose politics as a way to make their mark. The document also discusses the political consensus in Britain at the time, with agreement between parties on maintaining the empire, gold standard, and social/economic policies, leaving few divisive issues for ambitious politicians.
AS Level History Scramble for and Decolonization of AfricaAmber Furmage
1) The document summarizes key events in the scramble for and colonization of Africa between the late 19th and early 20th centuries from the perspective of various historians and theories.
2) It provides a timeline of events related to the colonization of specific African countries and regions like Sudan, Egypt, Nigeria, Uganda, South Africa, and the Gold Coast.
3) The theories provided seek to explain the economic, political, and strategic motivations behind Europe's colonization of Africa during this time period from both metropolitan and peripheral views.
Scramble for Africa AS History FlashcardsAmber Furmage
These are my Scramble for Africa Flashcards to be put into small booklets etc. I know some of the text got displaced when uploading here for some reason but you can always fix that yourselves. Feel free to use for revision purposes.
The document discusses career considerations in Python and open source, including:
1) Short bios of the speakers, an overview of Thompson Technologies which was founded in 1995, and the purpose of providing valuable career information for Python and open source professionals.
2) Statistics on the strong IT job market nationally and in Atlanta specifically, with software development as a top career, and growing demand for Python, PHP, Ruby, and Linux systems jobs.
3) Potential career paths working with Python, including web development, DevOps automation, scientific computing, and data science.
4) Questions and answers from the audience about resumes, interviews, salary trends, and working with recruiting agencies.
This document provides information about a performance consulting and facilitation company. It discusses the company's mission, beliefs, services, and process. The company focuses on strategic management and managerial relationships/processes. It provides tailored solutions such as defining corporate culture, coaching managers, change management assistance, and training courses. The goal is to help clients reach their dreams through managerial solutions aligned with the company's performance equation of P=MC6 (Performance equals Motivation times Coherence squared).
The document provides information about an upcoming exhibition at the Fusilier Museum London titled "Voices from the Front, a Personal Account of the Great War". The exhibition shares the experiences of World War 1 soldiers through diaries in the museum's collection. It focuses on the challenges of daily life like food, transport, living conditions, and camaraderie as depicted in the soldiers' diaries rather than deeply exploring the tragic aspects of war. Associated events include an exhibition opening performance and dance workshop.
Kumpulan kata-kata bijak ini memberikan pandangan penting tentang menulis, di antaranya bahwa menulis dapat memperpanjang umur seseorang dan membuatnya tidak hilang dari sejarah (Pramoedya Ananta Toer), menulis melibatkan seluruh jiwa dan nafas hidup seseorang (Imam Al-Ghazali), serta menulis membutuhkan kemauan keras untuk terus mempraktekkannya (Stephen King).
Won't You Take Me to Chunk-y Town: Component-based theming and the future of...Heather Brooke Drummond
Gotta make a move to a theme system that's right for me.
Components keep me movin', keep me groovin' with some energy.
At MidCamp we talked about it, talked about it,
talked about it it, talked about it,
At Drupal Con talked about, talked about,
Talked about design components.
Gotta move on,
From data-model templates,
Gotta move on,
From style guide markup duplication,
Gotta move on
A-won't you take me to... Chunky Town?
Won't you take me to... Chunky Town.
Won't you take me to... Chunky Town?
Won't you take me to... Chunky Town.
Chunks,
Mega Chunks,
Chunks,
Super Chunks,
Chunks,
Inside Chunks.
Won't you take me to... Chunky Town?
At DrupalCon New Orleans, Dries Buytaert mentioned component-based theming as a potential future initiative for Drupal. This idea had been discussed at MidCamp, and further hashed out at DrupalCon. Some initial efforts have been made to prototype how we could get started with real component-based markup in Drupal theming.
Currently, Drupal's theme system consists primarily of templates that are tightly tied to Drupal's data structures. While much of front-end development revolves around design components—breaking a design into smaller and smaller chunks—it can often take several template overrides to create the markup for one component. That causes difficulties in integrating Drupal with style guides or pattern libraries based around components, such as Pattern Lab or KSSNode. Markup often needs to be duplicated, once in Drupal's templates, and again in the templates that drive a style guide.
Moving Drupal to a theme system based around components could have numerous benefits, from improving style guide integration to making it easier for site builders to build sites outside-in to making it easier to reuse templates both server-side and client-side.
In this session we'll discuss why component-based theming matters, the current state of this discussion, and how you can help take Drupal's theme system to Chunk-y Town.
The document lists various abrasive and cutting tools available for purchase including paint brushes in black and white sizes, sharpening stones of different sizes for various uses, saw blades from 4 to 7 inches for wood and tile cutting, ceramic and diamond cutting wheels for professional and industrial uses, cup brushes, spray guns, and gypsum screws in different sizes.
Lieutenant Maurice Dease was an officer in the 4th Battalion Royal Fusiliers who was killed in action at the Battle of Mons on August 23rd, 1914 while manning a machine gun position. He repeatedly risked his life to repair and maintain the machine guns under heavy fire, and was fatally wounded on one of these trips. Private Sidney Frank Godley took over operating one of the machine guns after all other crew members had been killed or wounded, continuing to fire it for two hours despite being wounded, enabling the company to withdraw. Both Dease and Godley were awarded the Victoria Cross for their actions.
The document discusses the importance of change management for successful strategy implementation. It provides an overview of key points:
1) Implementing a strategy involves changes that cause emotional reactions from impacted people, which can block the process if not managed properly. Managing the resulting changes is essential for success.
2) The presentation aims to understand why people resist change emotionally and provide principles for managing change effectively to increase the chances of strategy implementation succeeding.
3) It discusses concepts like the change curve, the different emotional phases people experience when facing change, and keys to the successful management of change like ensuring people understand the reasons for change.
This document contains several articles about the Gallipoli campaign during World War 1 and its 100th anniversary. It profiles Private Dudley Anderson, a former bank clerk from Western Australia who was killed in action at Gallipoli. It discusses the fierce resistance from Turkish commander Mustafa Kemal. It also contains stories and profiles of influential figures during the Gallipoli campaign such as General Ian Hamilton, Major General William Birdwood, and John Simpson Kirkpatrick. The final article previews an artwork commissioned to commemorate the centenary of the Gallipoli landings that depicts different aspects of Australia's involvement in World War 1.
Lieut. Sydney Allan Murrell was a New Zealand bank clerk who served in World War I. He was born on January 31, 1892 in Wellington, New Zealand and died in action on November 4, 1918 in France. As a lieutenant, he commanded 50 men in the New Zealand Expeditionary Force. He received several medals for his service, including the 1914-15 Star Medal, Victory Medal, Memorial Plaque Medal, and British War Medal.
And finally on this Veteran's Day, let us not forget the millions of horses that have bravely served the military in war and in peace. Were it not for the horses, human civilization would look quite different.
Poynton Egyptology Group Presentation - March 2016Sarah Shepherd
'Thank you Sarah Shepherd, for a wonderful, and truly fascinating talk about 'Soldiering in Egypt: A Friendly Invasion?' last night at Poynton. There was so much information in the talk, and being about the personal writings and recollections of Commonwealth soldiers stationed in Egypt during the First and Second World Wars, a lot of it is still relevant to the current generation and their parents and grandparents. I'm looking forward to seeing the book in print ('Soldiers, Sand and Syphilis' would actually have made a wonderful title!), and also any future information you can present. It's a pity that much of the topic has gone unnoticed by the Egyptology community at large in the past, but I hope that is now being addressed by your own researches and the work of ASTENE!
Poynton Egyptology Group Feedback - March 2016
This document contains summaries of several books related to ANZAC Day and Australia's involvement in World Wars I and II. The books cover topics like a tree planted by returned servicemen that becomes too large, the story of John Simpson and his donkey at Gallipoli, a boy's letters from the Western Front, and a force of Australian soldiers slowing the advance of Japanese troops in Papua New Guinea.
'Views of an Antique Land' - Imaging Egypt and Palestine in the First World ...Sarah Shepherd
University of Cardiff, 19th / 20th May 2017
I was recently invited to speak at the Heritage Lottery Funded Project 'Views of an Antique Land' conference which was held at the University of Cardiff. My presentation focused on the logistical challenges of housing the EEF in Cairo during the First World War.
The document summarizes the experiences of Australian POWs during World War 1. Over 25% of the approximately 217 Australian troops captured by the Turks died in Turkish camps, which had poor conditions with little food and access to medical care. Prisoners were forced to work on railway construction far from camps. German camps also lacked sanitation, adequate housing, and sufficient food. POWs who disobeyed Germans could be sent to a prison known as the "Black Hole of Lille" with starvation rations and forced labor. The Red Cross supplied food and clothing parcels to POWs. Repatriation was quicker by Central Powers but slower by Allies, with some using POWs as forced labor until the 1920s.
The document provides information about Tasmania's involvement in World War 1, specifically focusing on the first contingent of Tasmanian troops that left Hobart for war aboard the Geelong on October 20, 1914. It discusses how Tasmania answered the call to arms after the assassination in Sarajevo sparked the war. Over 15,000 Tasmanians served during the war, with the 12th Battalion comprising the first to leave the state. The article then provides details about some of the major battles Tasmanian troops participated in, including Gallipoli and the Western Front. It also mentions that 11 Tasmanians were awarded the Victoria Cross for acts of bravery during the war.
The document summarizes the story of King Arthur and Excalibur. It describes how Merlin helped Arthur become High-King of Britain by giving him the magic sword Excalibur. With Excalibur, Arthur was able to defeat rebel kings in battle and unite the country. However, Arthur was later fatally wounded in a battle against his son Mordred, who seized the throne. The document then shifts to discussing Queen Elizabeth I of England and her confrontation with Spain in 1585, where her pirate Walter Raleigh helped defeat a large Spanish fleet. It describes Raleigh's role in the conflict and how Philip II of Spain and Elizabeth's cousin Mary, Queen of Scots plotted to overthrow Elizabeth but ultimately
This document provides a 5 question general knowledge quiz.
Question 1 refers to H.G. Wells' references in two books to Ashoka the Great, the emperor of the Maurya Empire in India who is renowned for renouncing violence and expanding Buddhism.
Question 2 asks about the meaning of the name of Salvador Dali's painting "Galacidal acidesoxy ribonucleicacid" which references his wife Gala and DNA.
Question 3 indicates that in 1948, when Gandhi was assassinated, the front pages of The Hindu newspaper were reserved for advertisements.
The document then provides clues for identifying the physicist and nuclear disarmament advocate Joseph Rotblat in Question 4.
Winston Churchill had a distinguished military career prior to World War 1, including participation in the last British cavalry charge at Omdurman. During WWI, he initially held a government post but was demoted after the failed Dardanelles campaign. He resigned and rejoined the British army as a battalion commander on the Western Front. After initial training of his unit, the 6th Royal Scots Fusiliers, Churchill led them at the Battle of Ploegsteert. He gained experience of frontline trench warfare, narrowly avoiding injury on several occasions, before being appointed to command of a brigade.
The document presents a list of the top 100 Great Britons as voted on by the BBC. It provides information on several individuals from the list, including William Shakespeare at number 9, Sir Isaac Newton at number 8, John Lennon at number 6, Elizabeth I at number 5, Charles Darwin at number 4, Winston Churchill at number 2, and Isambard Kingdom Brunel at number 1. For each person, it gives brief biographical details and facts about their accomplishments and significance.
Presentation re the State Library of South Australia's Centenary of ANZAC commemoration plans and some of the stories of soldiers that we have discovered in the course of the research.
The document summarizes key aspects of trench warfare and new weapons during World War 1, including how troops lived in deep trenches, the horrors of trench foot and rats, and the introduction of poison gas, tanks, airplanes, and machine guns. It also profiles some famous pilots like Eddie Rickenbacker and the Christmas truce of 1914 when soldiers briefly stopped fighting to celebrate together in no man's land.
The document provides background information on European imperialism in Africa in the late 19th century, known as the "Scramble for Africa". It describes factors that initially kept Europeans out of exploring Africa's interior, and key events and figures that sparked renewed European interest in colonizing Africa in the late 1800s. These included missionaries like David Livingstone and Henry Stanley's expeditions, as well as King Leopold II of Belgium's brutal colonization of the Congo. The document also summarizes conflicts between European colonial powers and African groups like the Zulus and Boers in South Africa, and how new technologies helped the Europeans dominate militarily.
This document provides an in-depth analysis of the symbolism and origins behind an American WWI propaganda poster titled "Destroy this Mad Brute". The poster depicts a club-wielding ape-like beast threatening a helpless woman. The analysis traces the poster's imagery back to concepts of culture vs militarism, depictions of early humans and wild men, stories of primates abducting women, and influences from statues, films, and other popular culture sources. It seeks to understand how the poster used dehumanizing symbols of Germany as an ape-like beast to encourage enlistment in fighting WWI.
The longbow played a pivotal role in several English victories during the Hundred Years War, including at Crecy, Poitiers, and Agincourt. Drawn primarily from yew trees, the longbow had a powerful draw weight and could fire arrows with force over long distances. At battles like Crecy, longbow archers were able to take down large numbers of French knights and troops, changing medieval warfare and tactics by reducing the effectiveness of cavalry charges. While its role has been debated, contemporary sources indicate the longbow inflicted heavy casualties on armored opponents. Its use by the English army helped shift battlefield dominance from knights to infantry and marked a turning point toward new technologies like firearms.
Awarded VC for action in 2nd Boer War 1899. Went on to fight in WW1, made Commander of 1st Guards Brigade September 1914, killed in action at Polygon Wood, Belgium aged 49. Highest ranking office named on Menin Gate Memorial in Ypres.
Wales has a long history dating back to Roman times. Key events include Edward I's conquest of Wales in the 13th century and the Acts of Union with England. Welsh culture is centered around myths of King Arthur and the Mabinogion tales. The Welsh language remains an important part of national identity, though only 19% of the population can speak it. Popular tourist attractions include numerous historic castles as well as museums showcasing Welsh industry and culture. Traditional Welsh symbols include the leek, daffodil, red dragon flag, and the harp as the national instrument. Annual cultural festivals like Hay Festival and the National Eisteddfod celebrate Welsh arts and literature.
This document provides a summary of events from World War II, including memories from the author's mother. It discusses the sinking of the HMS Hood by the German battleship Bismarck in 1941, the role of aircraft carriers and Swordfish planes in crippling the Bismarck, and the subsequent sinking of the Bismarck by British battleships. It also covers the sinking of the Prince of Wales and Repulse by Japanese aircraft in 1941 without air protection, and perspectives on the war in the Pacific after the attack on Pearl Harbor.
Henry Jones was born in Dublin in 1831 and joined the British army in 1849, serving in several regiments including the Royal Irish Rifles and Royal Fusiliers. During the Crimean War in 1854-1856, Henry fought bravely at the Battle of Alma and the Siege of Sevastopol, where he was badly wounded but remained at his post defending his men. For his actions at Sevastopol, Henry was awarded the Victoria Cross, though it was not officially gazetted until 1857. After resigning his military commission, Henry had a long career in diplomacy, serving as Consul General in various locations until his retirement in 1898. He died in Eastbourne, England in 1916.
The Fusilier Museum worked with volunteers from the local community to research the life of Scout leader Roland Philipps and The Battle of the Somme.
In Roland Philipps we found a man who not only experienced the Somme, one of the most contentious battles of the First World War, but a man who worked tirelessly for East London’s local community. His is a story which has faded with time, despite his legacy funding many of the activities of the East London Scouts today. With the centenary of The Battle of the Somme, The Fusilier Museum, our volunteers and The Scout Association felt that the time had come to pay tribute to a man whose actions continue to contribute to the local community.
Despite being born into wealth and privilege Philipps was inspired to move to East London to share Scouting with boys from less well-to-do backgrounds. He believed that every boy should have the opportunity to take part in Scouting, to take responsibility and to learn through doing. His calling was
interrupted by the Great War in which he felt it was his duty to fight. Although his life was cut tragically short it was greatly celebrated and his influence is still felt today.
This exhibition has been researched with the help of The Scout Association whose heritage collection we have been fortunate to work with to learn much of what you will find in these panels.
A presentation about the Life of Major General Edward Joshua Cooper, a Fusilier in the First World War by work experience students of The Fusilier Museum London.
Elliot Cooper was awarded VC for actions during battle of Cambrai on 30 November 1917. Unarmed he held off advancing enemy which saved the lives of others. He was wounded and captured but died a few months later.
Details of actions for which Elliott-Cooper was awarded his medals including Battle of Cambrai in France during WWl.He was wounded and taken prisoner in November 1917.Despite attempts of German surgeon to treat him, he died in February 1918 and is buried in Germany.
VC awarded posthumously as Stone was killed in action at Bourlon Wood during Battle of Cambrai. He showed extreme bravery holding a position whist sending back vital information which helped saved others.
Thomas Ashford was born in 1859 in Newmarket, Cambridgeshire as an illegitimate son. He joined the British Army in 1877 and served in India and Afghanistan. During the Second Anglo-Afghan War in 1880, Ashford rescued a wounded soldier under enemy fire in Kandahar, earning him the Victoria Cross. After leaving the military in 1884, Ashford settled in Leicestershire and worked as a postman. He married in 1891 and later moved to Whitwick, where he died of bronchitis in 1913 in an unmarked grave.
George Jarratt was born in 1891 in England and worked as a clerk before enlisting in the military. During World War I, he initially served with the 12th Battalion Queens Own (Royal West Kent Regiment) before transferring to the Royal Fusiliers. In May 1917, during the 2nd Battle of Arras, German soldiers captured George and some wounded comrades and placed them in a dugout. When a grenade landed in the dugout, George sacrificed himself to save the others by placing his body on the grenade, which exploded and killed him but saved the wounded men. For his heroic actions, George was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross. He has no known grave and is commemorated on the Arras
Fusilier regiment, Sgt Palmer awarded VC in 1917 WW1 for "conspicuous bravery" whilst underfire in Courcelette, France. He also went on to join the RAF in WW2.
Between July and October 2016 volunteers from the local community worked with The Fusilier Museum London researching the treatment of wounded soldiers during World War One.
The exhibition they created was exhibited at Tower Hamlets Local History Library and Archive and shares the darker side of a nations sacrifice and the ongoing consequences of the life altering injuries suffered by many of the men who fought during the First World War.
WW1, stretcher bearer who suffered shell shock and injury before being dishcarged to Labour Corps. Had a checkered history after the war including a spell in prison
Captain The Reverend Edward Noel Mellish served with the 4th Battalion the Royal Fusiliers during WWI. He was awarded both the Military Medal and Victoria Cross for his bravery. A plaque was erected in his home town of Barnet on 23rd March 2016 to commemorate his life.
Charles Graham Robertson served with the 10th (Stockbrokers) Battalion Royal Fusiliers during WWI. He was awarded both the Military Medal and Victoria Cross for his bravery. A plaque was erected at East India Dock, London in 2015 to commemorate his life.
Lance Corporal Charles Graham Robertson served with the 10th Battalion Royal Fusiliers during World War I. He fought in several major battles on the Western Front including the Battle of the Somme in 1916 and the Third Battle of Ypres in 1917. During the German Spring Offensive in 1918 near Polderhoek Chateau, Belgium, Robertson defended his position alone with a Lewis gun after his unit was cut off, killing many enemy soldiers, before being wounded. For his bravery, he was awarded the Victoria Cross, Britain's highest award for valor. Robertson also previously earned the Military Medal for his actions in 1917. After the war, Robertson returned to his career with the London and North Eastern Railway, and later joined
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...EduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
Animals in the Armed Forces
1. Animals in the Armed Forces
With thanks to...
Stephen Bennett
Anna Bromwich
John Doncaster
Bill Fahey
Stewart Hardman
Alastair Lamb-Crawley
Adam McGee-Abe
Jim Morrison
Yulia Naumova
If you would like to be involved in the
next community curated exhibition
organised by The Fusilier Museum
London please contact:
Stephanie Killingbeck, Museum Officer
stephanie@fusiliermuseumlondon.org
0203 166 6912
Associated Event
Talk – Animals and the Modern Army
Date Monday 3rd
June 2013
Arrival 6.30-7.00pm, talk starts at
7.00pm
At The Fusilier Museum London, Tower
of London, EC3N 4AB.
Major Steve Leavis from the Defence
Animal Training Centre will be
discussing the role, training and
importance of military animals in the
modern armed forces.
FREE but booking essential
Book on 02031666912 or
stephanie@fusiliermuseumlondon.org
Find out more about the
Fusiliers on our website.
Or use your smart phone
to scan here.
A community exhibition by volunteers from
The Fusilier Museum London.
www.fusiliermuseumlondon.org
Organised by:
Funded by:
With thanks to our hosts:
Please have a look around, we hope you
enjoy the exhibition
Throughout history the Armed Forces
have had a unique relationship with
animals.
The Fusilier Museum London has been
looking at what animals mean to the
army and uncovering some fascinating
Fusiliers stories.
2. c1150 BC The first time a carrier
pigeon was used to carry military
messages (Baghdad)
c1150BC
1658
c1000BC
853BC
c600BC
525BC
c500BC
c340BC
225BC
c400AD
Warriors first used horse drawn
chariots to successful invade
Egypt.
The first use of camel
cavalries was in the Battle
of Qarqar, in Syria.
The earliest use of wardogs was
in Anatolia in modern-day
Turkey.
The first war
elephants were
used in India &
China.
Heavily armoured
Persian Cavalrymen
carried by the first
equine tanks
Britain’s first cavalry. The 1st
Troop of Horse Guards was
formed in exile in Holland from
followers of Charles II.
What do a dog, a
cat and a sheep
have in common?
They were all used to defeat the
Egyptian army in 525BC.
Worshipped by the Egyptians, these
animals were used as a shield to protect
the Persian troops as they advanced on
Egypt.
Under attack from the Egyptian defenders,
the quick thinking Persian king arranged
the animals before the front line.
In fear of hurting their sacred animals the
Egyptians surrendered.
Egypt was lost, all for the love of animals.
Bucephalus – The Greatest
War Horse Ever?
A city - Bucephala - was
named after him
Have you ever heard of a city being built in honour of a
horse?
That is what happened when Bucephalus, the horse of
Alexander
the Great, died in battle.
When Alexander was 12 years old, Bucephalus was wild,
nobody
could tame him and he was going to be killed.
Alexander asked to ride him. He had noticed that Bucephalus
was
scared of his own shadow and turned the horse into the sun.
With his shadow behind him Bucephalus calmed down and
let
Alexander ride him. He was the only person ever to do so.
Riding Bucephalus Alexander defeated many armies - until
they
faced the Rajah of Pakistan.
Alexander defeated the Rajah but Bucephalus was badly
wounded.
The horse carried Alexander away from the fighting, before
he
Hannibal crosses the
Alps with elephants
Human beings have had a complex relationship with animals. We have cherished them as
pets. We have used them as food, clothing and transport. We have placed them in great
danger – and sometimes cruelly so. Yet they remain constantly faithful to us and are
sometimes our greatest friends. This is part of their fascinating story…the story of their
military involvement with human beings.
4. Satan the
Messenger Dog
Cher Ami
(‘Dear Friend’)
Communication
Shot through the breast,
blinded in one eye and
having lost a leg Cher Ami
still delivered the message
which saved the lives
of 194 survivors.
In October 1918, 500 US
soldiers were trapped behind
German lines.
American artillery began
falling on their position, the
gun crews did not know their
location and many of their own men were killed.
Two carrier pigeons had already been released, but were shot
down by German troops.
Cher Ami was the last carrier pigeon the troops had left.
Despite being shot at and wounded several times she flew the
25 miles back to the divisional headquarters in 65 minutes.
Army medics managed to save her life, and carved her a small
wooden leg to replace the one she had lost.
Battling poison gas, flying bullets and waist high mud carrier
pigeons and messenger dogs delivered communications
throughout the 20th
century.
Unlike dogs, pigeons did not get bogged down in the mud and were more difficult for the
enemy to shoot. However they had to face artillery fire, poisonous gas clouds and birds of
prey. They were also vulnerable to poor weather conditions.
Pigeons were so important, that all infantry, artillery and tank officers were trained to use
them.
Dogs had other dangers to face. Running across open ground under heavy fire, they could get
stuck in the mud and disorientated. They were even known to run in the wrong direction and
deliver their message to the enemy.
Dogs were also used to warn soldiers of approaching enemies at night and to deliver supplies
and communication cables to the front line.
The day a dog saved the city.
Trapped in the city of Verdun, cut
off from help and from hope
several hundred French soldiers
waited to be saved.
Continuing to fight bravely but with their last homing pigeon
killed and no other way of calling for help, the men were
running out of hope.
Suddenly flying across the ground a small black dot was
spotted. As it got nearer someone recognised the shape. It
was Satan, their messenger dog.
Satan ran on trying to reach the city. Suddenly he was hit by a
bullet. With one leg dangling at his side, he got to his feet and
ran on.
On his collar was a metal tube with the message -
"For God's sake, hold on! Will sent troops to relieve you
tomorrow."
On his back Satan had carried a basket with two carrier
pigeons. The men replied "Silence the battery on our left”.
Photo available at Imperial War
Museum (Q 50649)
Photo available at Imperial War Museum
(H 3054)
1916
Edwin Richardson sets up the first British
Military Dog School in Essex
1914-1918
Killing or injuring a homing pigeon could
result in being sent to prison for 6 months or
a £100 fine
National Library Scotland
6. Medicine on the battlefield
Ambulance Dogs
‘Mercy dogs’ were trained to search
for and rescue wounded soldiers.
They carried medical supplies and
small canteens of water or spirit for
wounded soldiers.
If the soldier could not move the dog
was trained to fetch help. If the man
was behind his own battle line, the
dog would call for his handler.
If they had to work in no man's land,
the dogs were trained to return to
their handler carrying the helmet or a
piece of his uniform in order to inform
the medical unit that someone was in
need of urgent help and needed to be
rescued.
Canaries
Did you know that canaries are 50 times more
sensitive to gas than humans?
Canaries were widely used to indicate the presence
of toxic gas in enclosed spaces.
Men were taught the signs of poisoning - the bird
would rub its beak on the cage wire or perch
followed by a vigorous shake of the head and a
bringing up of seed. The bird would then begin
panting, its body crouching before the final stage
when, after swaying backwards and forwards in an
effort to keep its balance, the bird would collapse to
the bottom of the cage. By this time the men should
be already evacuated from the tunnel.
“...after being in or about the line
for several months, one was
content to sit in the sunshine and
do nothing at all, beyond admire
the flowers and listen to the song
of the birds and enjoy the quiet. It
was medicine for the mind and
solace for the soul”
“...after being in or about the line
for several months, one was
content to sit in the sunshine and
do nothing at all, beyond admire
the flowers and listen to the song
of the birds and enjoy the quiet. It
was medicine for the mind and
solace for the soul”
Did you know more animals died of neglect than on the
battlefield before World War One?
In response to public anger at the number of horses dying of
neglect the British Army Veterinary Corps was formed in 1796.
By World War I things had changed dramatically, of the 725,216
horses admitted to veterinary corps hospitals 529,064 were
returned to active service.
For the first time there was hospital accommodation set up at the
front for the control and prevention of diseases and for the
evacuation of sick and wounded animals.
Veterinary officers carried panniers with field-dressings, bandages,
splints, antiseptic and other necessities for providing first aid.
However the loss of horses due to cold, hunger and disease was
still four times more than the 58,000 lost through enemy action.
Photo available at Imperial War Museum (Q 1619)
National Library Scotland
National Library Scotland
by kind permission of
Paul Reed
greatwarphotos.com
1912
Our Dumb Friends League started its Blue
Cross Fund to assist animals affected by
war.
1918
King George V awards the Royal prefix to the
Army Veterinary Corps in recognition of their
work.
Library of
Congress,
Prints &
Photographs
Division
7. Behind the Line
World War I wasn’t all about trench warfare, battles and
casualties. All fighting units had transport support stationed
behind the line to bring up rations, ammunition and
equipment. Royal Fusilier Sergeant Sidney Gill spent most of
the war coordinating supplies and transport. He wrote a daily
diary and he was an accomplished artist. His sketches show
the life and work of the horses behind the lines.
The Transport Officer
Royal Fusilier Lieutenant C.F. Doncaster of the 17th
Battalion was appointed Transport Officer at the
end of World War One.
He was in charge of 50 men, 13 riding horses, 43
draught horses, mules and pack animals and all the
carts, limbers, feed and equipment which went
with them.
These animals hauled ammunition and ration
carts, field ambulances and heavy guns.
Mules usually carried shells and rifle ammunition
to the front line. Like the fighting men they
suffered many casualties.
After the war these requirements were greatly
eased. Men and animals were no longer in the
trenches but in lodgings. Their jobs were now to
help with rebuilding everything which had been
damaged.
Quiet times
Away from the front line there was plenty of time to indulge in the
lighter side of life.
Shoeing competitions were held for the farriers and horse shows for
the artillery with the guns and harnesses gleaming.
Even in the desert in Palestine in March 1917, they had a race
meeting at Rafa. Events included the Promised Land Stakes, the
Anzac Steeplechase, and even a Jerusalem Scurry for mules only.
“We had a little steeplechase
course put up, and jumping
competitions… the summer was
really lovely”.
“We won the Brigade competition hands down, and our men,
limbers, cookers, horses and mules were perfect – 238? Marks out
of a possible 250. We hope to win the divisional competition
tomorrow, and after that the Corps and finally the Army! We were
ambitious you see. The pains the men take are incredible; they
even sent home for ribbons for the horses’ tails, and the cooker
was hidden in a shed so that competitors should not see our
preparations”
Christopher Stone, 22nd
battalion Royal Fusiliers
1918
17th
Battalion Royal Fusiliers - Brigade Horse
show. Private Hix’s team of blacks won as
usual.
1917
Named after the battle, ‘Oppy’ was found
abandoned by the 22nd
Royal Fusiliers ‘Thin to
the point of emaciation…the section kicked in…to
buy oats and fodder’.
Oppy Wood, 1917.
Evening by John Nash
National Library Scotland