Overview of trench warfare in WWI with effects it had on the war and the soldiers involved. At the end, it includes an assignment for students to practice writing a "primary" document.
The document outlines the key events that led to the outbreak of World War 1 in 1914. It describes how the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand triggered a series of diplomatic tensions and military mobilizations between European powers that resulted in Germany declaring war on Russia and France. Germany then invaded Belgium, drawing Britain into the war in defense of Belgian neutrality. The war quickly stalemated as both sides dug extensive trench systems, resulting in four years of costly and bloody trench warfare on the Western Front.
The Schlieffen Plan was devised in 1905 to prevent Germany from fighting wars on two fronts. It involved a rapid invasion of France through Belgium and Luxembourg, while maintaining a small force in the east to defend against Russia. The plan failed in 1914 due to unexpected Belgian resistance, Britain's entry into the war, and Russia's quicker than anticipated mobilization. As a result, Germany was unable to defeat France quickly and the war dragged on for over four years of trench warfare.
Soldbuch and document group to stabsgefreiter wilhelm lopau1LRB1975
This document summarizes the military service records of Wilhelm Lopau, including his training, units served with, promotions, and wounds sustained during combat in France from May to June 1940. It details his involvement in battles around Louvignies-les-Quesnoy, Dunkirk, Letenburg, Saucourt, Feuquieres, and Bovaincourt-sur-Bresle. It also provides background on his platoon commander, Lt. Karl Thieme, who temporarily took command of Wilhelm's company after their commander was killed in action. Wilhelm was wounded on June 8, 1940 in Inchville, France.
The document summarizes key events that led to the stalemate of World War I on the Western Front. It discusses how the failure of the Schlieffen Plan and the Battle of the Marne prevented either side from gaining ground, forcing both armies to dig in along hundreds of miles of trenches. The development of new weapons like machine guns and artillery made offensive operations nearly impossible, as attacking forces could be cut down before reaching enemy lines. This resulted in static trench warfare without major advances by either side for much of the war.
Teaching Bible and History half-time, creating during the other half, and during the "third half" studying history and the Bible. Hi! My name is Pete. I am really into my project of creating sound-less PowerPoint presentations of US History, intended for the classroom teacher, the parents of home-schoolers, or the historically obsessed. It takes time to create the lessons, but it’s fun for this old retired teache. I find that narrations are too difficult to fit my lessons. The teacher or viewer should control the speed of the video, stopping/pausing where necessary to amplify, correct, discuss, or criticize. There will be a huge set of lessons on World War II events in depth. There will be a huge set of lessons on the Bible. I trust you will enjoy the lessons as much as I did creating them. Q and A are inserted throughout for fun or annoyance, hopefully for teaching moments and discussions. Should be great for the high school classroom or the home-schoolers. But, I like reading/viewing my own stuff, I think it’s good, I learn….or recall more history with every viewing. Watch for the battles like the first, Island Hopping-the war in the Pacific (WWII).
Here is an analysis of one of the propaganda posters as an example:
Emotional Appeal: Playing on patriotism and duty to defend the homeland by joining the army. Portrays a young man hesitating while his family encourages him to enlist.
Visual Symbols: American flag in the background, the family representing the homeland. Uniform on the chair suggests what he could become by joining.
Catchy Slogan: "I Want You for U.S. Army" - Directly addresses the viewer and makes them feel personally responsible.
Patriotic: Explicit use of American flag and appeal to defend the country.
Humor: None - uses a serious tone to encourage enlistment rather than
Overview of trench warfare in WWI with effects it had on the war and the soldiers involved. At the end, it includes an assignment for students to practice writing a "primary" document.
The document outlines the key events that led to the outbreak of World War 1 in 1914. It describes how the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand triggered a series of diplomatic tensions and military mobilizations between European powers that resulted in Germany declaring war on Russia and France. Germany then invaded Belgium, drawing Britain into the war in defense of Belgian neutrality. The war quickly stalemated as both sides dug extensive trench systems, resulting in four years of costly and bloody trench warfare on the Western Front.
The Schlieffen Plan was devised in 1905 to prevent Germany from fighting wars on two fronts. It involved a rapid invasion of France through Belgium and Luxembourg, while maintaining a small force in the east to defend against Russia. The plan failed in 1914 due to unexpected Belgian resistance, Britain's entry into the war, and Russia's quicker than anticipated mobilization. As a result, Germany was unable to defeat France quickly and the war dragged on for over four years of trench warfare.
Soldbuch and document group to stabsgefreiter wilhelm lopau1LRB1975
This document summarizes the military service records of Wilhelm Lopau, including his training, units served with, promotions, and wounds sustained during combat in France from May to June 1940. It details his involvement in battles around Louvignies-les-Quesnoy, Dunkirk, Letenburg, Saucourt, Feuquieres, and Bovaincourt-sur-Bresle. It also provides background on his platoon commander, Lt. Karl Thieme, who temporarily took command of Wilhelm's company after their commander was killed in action. Wilhelm was wounded on June 8, 1940 in Inchville, France.
The document summarizes key events that led to the stalemate of World War I on the Western Front. It discusses how the failure of the Schlieffen Plan and the Battle of the Marne prevented either side from gaining ground, forcing both armies to dig in along hundreds of miles of trenches. The development of new weapons like machine guns and artillery made offensive operations nearly impossible, as attacking forces could be cut down before reaching enemy lines. This resulted in static trench warfare without major advances by either side for much of the war.
Teaching Bible and History half-time, creating during the other half, and during the "third half" studying history and the Bible. Hi! My name is Pete. I am really into my project of creating sound-less PowerPoint presentations of US History, intended for the classroom teacher, the parents of home-schoolers, or the historically obsessed. It takes time to create the lessons, but it’s fun for this old retired teache. I find that narrations are too difficult to fit my lessons. The teacher or viewer should control the speed of the video, stopping/pausing where necessary to amplify, correct, discuss, or criticize. There will be a huge set of lessons on World War II events in depth. There will be a huge set of lessons on the Bible. I trust you will enjoy the lessons as much as I did creating them. Q and A are inserted throughout for fun or annoyance, hopefully for teaching moments and discussions. Should be great for the high school classroom or the home-schoolers. But, I like reading/viewing my own stuff, I think it’s good, I learn….or recall more history with every viewing. Watch for the battles like the first, Island Hopping-the war in the Pacific (WWII).
Here is an analysis of one of the propaganda posters as an example:
Emotional Appeal: Playing on patriotism and duty to defend the homeland by joining the army. Portrays a young man hesitating while his family encourages him to enlist.
Visual Symbols: American flag in the background, the family representing the homeland. Uniform on the chair suggests what he could become by joining.
Catchy Slogan: "I Want You for U.S. Army" - Directly addresses the viewer and makes them feel personally responsible.
Patriotic: Explicit use of American flag and appeal to defend the country.
Humor: None - uses a serious tone to encourage enlistment rather than
The document provides an itinerary for a Churchill conference tour focusing on World War 2 battles in France and Belgium from October 17-25, 2011. The tour will include visits to sites related to the D-Day invasion like Portsmouth, as well as key WW2 battles like Mortain, Falaise Pocket, and the Battle of the Bulge. The itinerary provides details on the historical context and significance of locations being visited each day.
Trench warfare during World War I involved both sides digging trenches for protection from mines, barbed wire, and enemy fire. Soldiers lived in miserable conditions in the flooded, rat-infested trenches and faced horrors like disfigured corpses and the constant threat of gas attacks. One brief moment of peace occurred during the Christmas truce of 1914, when British and German troops spontaneously emerged from their trenches to exchange gifts and songs on Christmas Day, though the warfare resumed the next day.
The document discusses the equipment used by soldiers in trench warfare between 1914-1918. It describes personal weapons like rifles and machine guns, protective gear like helmets and gas masks, uniforms, and heavy weapons such as artillery, mortars, and tanks. The technological advancements of weapons during this period allowed killing to be done more effectively. Students are tasked with creating a design for a piece of World War 1 equipment using only materials available at the time, and explaining their design choices.
Poison gas was first used in World War 1 and was one of the most feared weapons. The French were the first to use tear gas in 1914 against the advancing German army. Initially gases like tear gas were used to incapacitate soldiers rather than kill them. However, over time the gases became more lethal, including chlorine, phosgene and mustard gas. Soldiers developed crude gas masks for protection, but being caught without a mask during a gas attack could lead to a slow, painful death from injuries.
The Battle of the Somme was a major battle in World War 1 that took place from July to November 1916 along the Somme River in France. It began as a large British and French offensive to relieve pressure on the French army fighting at Verdun, but became best known for the massive losses suffered by the British on the first day, with over 57,000 casualties. Though the battle resulted in heavy losses on both sides, it succeeded in stopping the German attack at Verdun and gained some territory for the Allies, at the cost of over 420,000 British and Empire casualties and around 500,000 German casualties over the course of the 141-day battle.
Tanks were first used in battle during World War 1 at the Battle of the Somme in September 1916. While some tanks succeeded in supporting infantry attacks, many broke down or got stuck in the mud. Early tanks also had problems with visibility through their view slits and getting too hot inside. Technological improvements to tracks and the addition of devices to help cross trenches increased tanks' effectiveness. The largest use of tanks was at the Battle of Cambrai in 1917, where 400 British tanks surprised German forces and helped capture territory. However, tanks were still in the early experimental stages during WWI.
World War I was a global war centered in Europe that began in 1914 and lasted until 1918. It involved over 30 countries and resulted in over 15 million deaths. The war started due to increasing nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and a system of alliances that drew the major European powers into war. The immediate trigger was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by Serbian nationalists. The war was fought mainly in trenches along the Western Front and resulted in new weapons and military technology but little movement in the battle lines. The United States entered the war in 1917 on the side of Britain, France, Russia, and Italy against Germany and its allies. The war ended with the defeat of
12 things you might not know about the battle of the sommeScott Addington
The Battle of the Somme was originally planned as a French-led offensive in August 1916, but Germany's attack on Verdun forced France to remain defensive. As a result, the British launched an offensive on the Somme in July 1916 to divert German resources from Verdun. Over 1 million soldiers were killed or wounded over the course of the battle, making it one of the bloodiest battles in history, with the British suffering over 57,000 casualties on the first day alone. Tanks were first used in battle during the Somme, and massive mines were detonated under German lines in the opening attacks.
World War 1 saw new technologies that increased lethality, such as machine guns and artillery. Machine guns allowed highly rapid and sustained fire, with water-cooled machine guns able to fire 600 bullets per minute. They proved devastating on the battlefield but overheated quickly. Artillery also became more advanced, such as Germany's "Big Bertha" that could hit Paris from over 100 km away. Both machine guns and artillery were primarily used simply to kill enemy combatants in large numbers and proved highly effective in trench warfare, where soldiers strained to reach cover from incoming fire.
The Battle of Somme was a major World War I battle that took place from July to November 1916 along a 30km front in northern France. Over 1 million British and French soldiers attacked German positions, but suffered over 600,000 casualties, especially on the first day where 58,000 British soldiers were killed. The battle resulted in small territorial gains for the Allies but drained German resources. New technologies like tanks were first used during the Somme but had limited success. By November heavy snow and losses on both sides ended the offensive.
The document provides details about Poland's defensive war against Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939. It summarizes that on September 1st, Germany invaded Poland from multiple border crossings and bombarded the Polish military base at Westerplatte, marking the beginning of World War 2. It then discusses several key Polish defenses over subsequent days and weeks, including at Westerplatte and the Polish Post Office in Danzig, before Warsaw surrendered on September 28th after being surrounded and bombarded. It notes that Poland was unprepared for the separate Soviet invasion on September 17th per the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, leaving Poland to fight both Germany and the Soviet Union with limited resources.
Chemical weapons were used extensively in World War 1 to injure and kill entrenched soldiers. Early in the war, tear gas was used by both sides but proved limited in its lethality. By 1915, more lethal gases like phosgene were being produced and used in large quantities by Germany, France, and Britain. The most widely used and effective gas was mustard gas, introduced by Germany in 1917. Mustard gas caused large, painful blisters upon contact with skin and could linger in low-lying areas for days after being deployed.
The document discusses the changes in warfare during World War 1 and how they affected soldiers. Trench warfare became dominant, as static defensive lines replaced mobile combat. Artillery grew increasingly powerful and accurate. Cavalry became obsolete, while infantry took on new frontline roles like defending trenches and launching attacks. Chemical weapons like chlorine gas were introduced, and tanks were later developed as a new weapon, though they were initially unreliable. Life for soldiers in the trenches was difficult, as they endured poor sanitation, disease, frostbite, and constant danger from artillery bombardments and gas attacks.
The document discusses the key causes of World War 1, including mutual defense alliances between European powers, imperialism and competition for resources in Africa and Asia, growing militarism and naval arms races between Germany and Britain, nationalism in the Balkans that pushed for independence from Austria-Hungary, and the immediate cause being the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria by Serbian nationalists. Conditions for soldiers in the trenches during WWI were difficult, as they had to endure muddy, cramped trenches infested with rats and lice while under threat of attacks, with little food and sleep. Both sides used various tactics and new technologies like
The Battle of the Somme took place from July 1 to November 18, 1916 along the Somme River in France. It began as a British-led offensive aimed at weakening Germany's military power but later shifted to relieving pressure from Germany. On the first day alone, over 58,000 soldiers were killed, including one-third of the British forces engaged. Tanks were used in battle for the first time during the Somme, which saw heavy casualties over its duration as forces fought over trenches in no man's land.
1) Many artists initially welcomed World War I, seeing it as an opportunity to gain new experiences and subject matter that could further experimental art. 2) As the war progressed, many artists who witnessed the brutality and slaughter felt compelled to convey the grim realities of war in their work in contrast to propagandistic portrayals. 3) Notable artists like Otto Dix, Christopher Nevinson, Paul Nash, and John Singer Sargent produced unforgettable pieces that helped shape a new public perception of war and its profound human costs.
Trench warfare dominated fighting during World War 1, with both sides digging trenches protected by barbed wire and mines. Soldiers lived in miserable conditions in the trenches, dealing with flooded trenches, rats that fed on human corpses, and the constant threat of artillery and gas attacks. New technologies, like gas masks, artillery techniques, tanks, and machine guns were developed and used, but often caused many casualties and provided limited success due to reliability issues. Trench warfare resulted in massive casualties with little territorial gain on the Western Front in France and Belgium that stretched over 400 miles of opposing trenches.
Charles Graham Robertson served with the 10th (Stockbrokers) Battalion Royal Fusiliers during WWI. He was awarded both the Military Medal and Victoria Cross for his bravery. A plaque was erected at East India Dock, London in 2015 to commemorate his life.
Lieutenant Maurice Dease was an officer in the 4th Battalion Royal Fusiliers who was killed in action at the Battle of Mons on August 23rd, 1914 while manning a machine gun position. He repeatedly risked his life to repair and maintain the machine guns under heavy fire, and was fatally wounded on one of these trips. Private Sidney Frank Godley took over operating one of the machine guns after all other crew members had been killed or wounded, continuing to fire it for two hours despite being wounded, enabling the company to withdraw. Both Dease and Godley were awarded the Victoria Cross for their actions.
WW1, stretcher bearer who suffered shell shock and injury before being dishcarged to Labour Corps. Had a checkered history after the war including a spell in prison
The document provides an itinerary for a Churchill conference tour focusing on World War 2 battles in France and Belgium from October 17-25, 2011. The tour will include visits to sites related to the D-Day invasion like Portsmouth, as well as key WW2 battles like Mortain, Falaise Pocket, and the Battle of the Bulge. The itinerary provides details on the historical context and significance of locations being visited each day.
Trench warfare during World War I involved both sides digging trenches for protection from mines, barbed wire, and enemy fire. Soldiers lived in miserable conditions in the flooded, rat-infested trenches and faced horrors like disfigured corpses and the constant threat of gas attacks. One brief moment of peace occurred during the Christmas truce of 1914, when British and German troops spontaneously emerged from their trenches to exchange gifts and songs on Christmas Day, though the warfare resumed the next day.
The document discusses the equipment used by soldiers in trench warfare between 1914-1918. It describes personal weapons like rifles and machine guns, protective gear like helmets and gas masks, uniforms, and heavy weapons such as artillery, mortars, and tanks. The technological advancements of weapons during this period allowed killing to be done more effectively. Students are tasked with creating a design for a piece of World War 1 equipment using only materials available at the time, and explaining their design choices.
Poison gas was first used in World War 1 and was one of the most feared weapons. The French were the first to use tear gas in 1914 against the advancing German army. Initially gases like tear gas were used to incapacitate soldiers rather than kill them. However, over time the gases became more lethal, including chlorine, phosgene and mustard gas. Soldiers developed crude gas masks for protection, but being caught without a mask during a gas attack could lead to a slow, painful death from injuries.
The Battle of the Somme was a major battle in World War 1 that took place from July to November 1916 along the Somme River in France. It began as a large British and French offensive to relieve pressure on the French army fighting at Verdun, but became best known for the massive losses suffered by the British on the first day, with over 57,000 casualties. Though the battle resulted in heavy losses on both sides, it succeeded in stopping the German attack at Verdun and gained some territory for the Allies, at the cost of over 420,000 British and Empire casualties and around 500,000 German casualties over the course of the 141-day battle.
Tanks were first used in battle during World War 1 at the Battle of the Somme in September 1916. While some tanks succeeded in supporting infantry attacks, many broke down or got stuck in the mud. Early tanks also had problems with visibility through their view slits and getting too hot inside. Technological improvements to tracks and the addition of devices to help cross trenches increased tanks' effectiveness. The largest use of tanks was at the Battle of Cambrai in 1917, where 400 British tanks surprised German forces and helped capture territory. However, tanks were still in the early experimental stages during WWI.
World War I was a global war centered in Europe that began in 1914 and lasted until 1918. It involved over 30 countries and resulted in over 15 million deaths. The war started due to increasing nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and a system of alliances that drew the major European powers into war. The immediate trigger was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by Serbian nationalists. The war was fought mainly in trenches along the Western Front and resulted in new weapons and military technology but little movement in the battle lines. The United States entered the war in 1917 on the side of Britain, France, Russia, and Italy against Germany and its allies. The war ended with the defeat of
12 things you might not know about the battle of the sommeScott Addington
The Battle of the Somme was originally planned as a French-led offensive in August 1916, but Germany's attack on Verdun forced France to remain defensive. As a result, the British launched an offensive on the Somme in July 1916 to divert German resources from Verdun. Over 1 million soldiers were killed or wounded over the course of the battle, making it one of the bloodiest battles in history, with the British suffering over 57,000 casualties on the first day alone. Tanks were first used in battle during the Somme, and massive mines were detonated under German lines in the opening attacks.
World War 1 saw new technologies that increased lethality, such as machine guns and artillery. Machine guns allowed highly rapid and sustained fire, with water-cooled machine guns able to fire 600 bullets per minute. They proved devastating on the battlefield but overheated quickly. Artillery also became more advanced, such as Germany's "Big Bertha" that could hit Paris from over 100 km away. Both machine guns and artillery were primarily used simply to kill enemy combatants in large numbers and proved highly effective in trench warfare, where soldiers strained to reach cover from incoming fire.
The Battle of Somme was a major World War I battle that took place from July to November 1916 along a 30km front in northern France. Over 1 million British and French soldiers attacked German positions, but suffered over 600,000 casualties, especially on the first day where 58,000 British soldiers were killed. The battle resulted in small territorial gains for the Allies but drained German resources. New technologies like tanks were first used during the Somme but had limited success. By November heavy snow and losses on both sides ended the offensive.
The document provides details about Poland's defensive war against Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939. It summarizes that on September 1st, Germany invaded Poland from multiple border crossings and bombarded the Polish military base at Westerplatte, marking the beginning of World War 2. It then discusses several key Polish defenses over subsequent days and weeks, including at Westerplatte and the Polish Post Office in Danzig, before Warsaw surrendered on September 28th after being surrounded and bombarded. It notes that Poland was unprepared for the separate Soviet invasion on September 17th per the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, leaving Poland to fight both Germany and the Soviet Union with limited resources.
Chemical weapons were used extensively in World War 1 to injure and kill entrenched soldiers. Early in the war, tear gas was used by both sides but proved limited in its lethality. By 1915, more lethal gases like phosgene were being produced and used in large quantities by Germany, France, and Britain. The most widely used and effective gas was mustard gas, introduced by Germany in 1917. Mustard gas caused large, painful blisters upon contact with skin and could linger in low-lying areas for days after being deployed.
The document discusses the changes in warfare during World War 1 and how they affected soldiers. Trench warfare became dominant, as static defensive lines replaced mobile combat. Artillery grew increasingly powerful and accurate. Cavalry became obsolete, while infantry took on new frontline roles like defending trenches and launching attacks. Chemical weapons like chlorine gas were introduced, and tanks were later developed as a new weapon, though they were initially unreliable. Life for soldiers in the trenches was difficult, as they endured poor sanitation, disease, frostbite, and constant danger from artillery bombardments and gas attacks.
The document discusses the key causes of World War 1, including mutual defense alliances between European powers, imperialism and competition for resources in Africa and Asia, growing militarism and naval arms races between Germany and Britain, nationalism in the Balkans that pushed for independence from Austria-Hungary, and the immediate cause being the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria by Serbian nationalists. Conditions for soldiers in the trenches during WWI were difficult, as they had to endure muddy, cramped trenches infested with rats and lice while under threat of attacks, with little food and sleep. Both sides used various tactics and new technologies like
The Battle of the Somme took place from July 1 to November 18, 1916 along the Somme River in France. It began as a British-led offensive aimed at weakening Germany's military power but later shifted to relieving pressure from Germany. On the first day alone, over 58,000 soldiers were killed, including one-third of the British forces engaged. Tanks were used in battle for the first time during the Somme, which saw heavy casualties over its duration as forces fought over trenches in no man's land.
1) Many artists initially welcomed World War I, seeing it as an opportunity to gain new experiences and subject matter that could further experimental art. 2) As the war progressed, many artists who witnessed the brutality and slaughter felt compelled to convey the grim realities of war in their work in contrast to propagandistic portrayals. 3) Notable artists like Otto Dix, Christopher Nevinson, Paul Nash, and John Singer Sargent produced unforgettable pieces that helped shape a new public perception of war and its profound human costs.
Trench warfare dominated fighting during World War 1, with both sides digging trenches protected by barbed wire and mines. Soldiers lived in miserable conditions in the trenches, dealing with flooded trenches, rats that fed on human corpses, and the constant threat of artillery and gas attacks. New technologies, like gas masks, artillery techniques, tanks, and machine guns were developed and used, but often caused many casualties and provided limited success due to reliability issues. Trench warfare resulted in massive casualties with little territorial gain on the Western Front in France and Belgium that stretched over 400 miles of opposing trenches.
Charles Graham Robertson served with the 10th (Stockbrokers) Battalion Royal Fusiliers during WWI. He was awarded both the Military Medal and Victoria Cross for his bravery. A plaque was erected at East India Dock, London in 2015 to commemorate his life.
Lieutenant Maurice Dease was an officer in the 4th Battalion Royal Fusiliers who was killed in action at the Battle of Mons on August 23rd, 1914 while manning a machine gun position. He repeatedly risked his life to repair and maintain the machine guns under heavy fire, and was fatally wounded on one of these trips. Private Sidney Frank Godley took over operating one of the machine guns after all other crew members had been killed or wounded, continuing to fire it for two hours despite being wounded, enabling the company to withdraw. Both Dease and Godley were awarded the Victoria Cross for their actions.
WW1, stretcher bearer who suffered shell shock and injury before being dishcarged to Labour Corps. Had a checkered history after the war including a spell in prison
Lance Corporal Charles Graham Robertson served with the 10th Battalion Royal Fusiliers during World War I. He fought in several major battles on the Western Front including the Battle of the Somme in 1916 and the Third Battle of Ypres in 1917. During the German Spring Offensive in 1918 near Polderhoek Chateau, Belgium, Robertson defended his position alone with a Lewis gun after his unit was cut off, killing many enemy soldiers, before being wounded. For his bravery, he was awarded the Victoria Cross, Britain's highest award for valor. Robertson also previously earned the Military Medal for his actions in 1917. After the war, Robertson returned to his career with the London and North Eastern Railway, and later joined
Captain The Reverend Edward Noel Mellish served with the 4th Battalion the Royal Fusiliers during WWI. He was awarded both the Military Medal and Victoria Cross for his bravery. A plaque was erected in his home town of Barnet on 23rd March 2016 to commemorate his life.
Fusilier regiment, Sgt Palmer awarded VC in 1917 WW1 for "conspicuous bravery" whilst underfire in Courcelette, France. He also went on to join the RAF in WW2.
Awarded VC for action in 2nd Boer War 1899. Went on to fight in WW1, made Commander of 1st Guards Brigade September 1914, killed in action at Polygon Wood, Belgium aged 49. Highest ranking office named on Menin Gate Memorial in Ypres.
Elliot Cooper was awarded VC for actions during battle of Cambrai on 30 November 1917. Unarmed he held off advancing enemy which saved the lives of others. He was wounded and captured but died a few months later.
Details of actions for which Elliott-Cooper was awarded his medals including Battle of Cambrai in France during WWl.He was wounded and taken prisoner in November 1917.Despite attempts of German surgeon to treat him, he died in February 1918 and is buried in Germany.
The document provides a detailed timeline and overview of key events, leaders, battles, and developments during World War 1 from 1914 to 1918. It touches on the initial assassination that sparked the war, major offensives like the Somme, the entry of the US, and the eventual armistice. Photos supplement the text in depicting the immense human toll through battle scenes, cemeteries, and memorials dedicated to those who fought.
Lieut. Sydney Allan Murrell was a New Zealand bank clerk who served in World War I. He was born on January 31, 1892 in Wellington, New Zealand and died in action on November 4, 1918 in France. As a lieutenant, he commanded 50 men in the New Zealand Expeditionary Force. He received several medals for his service, including the 1914-15 Star Medal, Victory Medal, Memorial Plaque Medal, and British War Medal.
The Philosophy of Disobedience in Military HistoryAgha A
This document summarizes A.H. Amin's article on the philosophy of disobedience in military history. It focuses on a specific example of General Francois' disobedience of orders at the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914. Against orders to attack northeast, Francois instead attacked southeast, successfully encircling and destroying much of the Russian army. Though this ensured victory, Francois was later sidelined for disobeying his superior, General Ludendorf. The document analyzes how Francois' mission-oriented disobedience, while risky, achieved far better results than simply following orders would have.
During World War I in 1914, on Christmas Eve, British and German soldiers in the trenches along the Western Front declared an unofficial truce. In some areas of the front, soldiers continued fighting, but in many places they stopped fighting and began to sing Christmas carols and exchange gifts in No Man's Land between their trenches. Soldiers met there and talked to each other, gave each other gifts, shared food, sang carols, and even played soccer games together briefly forgetting the war. The Christmas truce lasted only through Christmas Day in most areas before the soldiers returned to fighting, though it extended a few days in some places.
Winston Churchill had a distinguished military career prior to World War 1, including participation in the last British cavalry charge at Omdurman. During WWI, he initially held a government post but was demoted after the failed Dardanelles campaign. He resigned and rejoined the British army as a battalion commander on the Western Front. After initial training of his unit, the 6th Royal Scots Fusiliers, Churchill led them at the Battle of Ploegsteert. He gained experience of frontline trench warfare, narrowly avoiding injury on several occasions, before being appointed to command of a brigade.
The document summarizes key events and developments during World War 1 from 1914 to 1918. It describes how the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand led to escalating tensions between allies and Central powers. Major battles are mentioned, like the battles of Marne and Somme, along with developments in weapons like tanks, chemical weapons, and airplanes. Innovations in medical technologies are also highlighted, such as the work of Marie Curie establishing mobile radiology units and advances in blood transfusions.
The document summarizes key events in World War II from 1939-1945. It describes how the Allies gained control of North Africa after trapping German forces led by Erwin Rommel at El Alamein in 1942-1943. It then discusses how Soviet forces halted the German advance at the Battle of Stalingrad in 1942-1943, which marked a turning point. It also outlines how Allied invasions of Sicily and mainland Italy in 1943 led to the collapse of Mussolini's fascist rule. Further, it summarizes the D-Day invasion of Normandy by Allied forces in 1944 and the liberation of France. Finally, it discusses the final days of the war in 1945, including Hitler's suicide and the atomic bomb
The document provides background information on World War I. It discusses the alliances between countries in Europe prior to WWI, the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand which helped spark the war, how Germany's invasion plans failed and led to trench warfare on the Western Front, major battles like Gallipoli, the use of new military technologies, and the immense human costs of the war in terms of lives lost and societies disrupted. It also notes how the outcome and peace terms of the war led to issues like the rise of Nazi Germany and future conflicts.
Sir John Monash was the most successful Jewish soldier in World War I, rising to commander-in-chief of the Australian Imperial Force despite facing prejudice as a German Jew. As commander, he led several important victories using innovative battlefield tactics. In 1918, he was knighted for his brilliant leadership of combined Australian, British and Canadian troops. After the war, Monash faced continued anti-Semitism but had a distinguished career including as vice-chancellor of the University of Melbourne.
The 28th (Northwest) Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force was formed in 1914 from recruits in Regina, Saskatchewan and fought at major World War I battles in Europe, including Mount Sorrel in 1916. At Mount Sorrel, the 28th suffered heavy losses but helped retake the heights from German forces. The battalion fought bravely at other battles such as Hooge and earned numerous honours before being disbanded in 1919 after sustaining over 6,000 casualties during its service in the war.
The 28th (Northwest) Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force was formed in 1914 from recruits in Regina, Saskatchewan and fought at major World War I battles in Europe, including Mount Sorrel in 1916. At Mount Sorrel, the 28th suffered heavy losses but helped retake the heights from German forces. The battalion fought bravely at other battles such as Hooge and earned numerous honours before being disbanded in 1919 after sustaining over 6,000 casualties during its service in the war.
Why was there stalemate on the western frontevansloth
For the first two months of WWI, both sides engaged in mobile warfare in France and Belgium, but by Christmas 1914 the fighting settled into static trench warfare along the Western Front. An initial German plan to quickly defeat France through Belgium failed at the Battle of the Marne in September. This led to a "Race to the Sea" as both sides tried to outflank each other, ultimately resulting in a line of opposing trenches from the North Sea to the Swiss border. The Battle of Verdun, which began in February 1916 as a German effort to bleed France dry defending the symbolic fortress city, became the longest battle of WWI, lasting until December 1916 with enormous casualties on both sides. In an effort to relieve pressure on
The document summarizes the North African campaign of World War 2 between the Allied and Axis forces from 1940 to 1943. It describes the key battles as the forces pushed back and forth across Libya and Egypt, culminating in the Allied victory at the Second Battle of El Alamein in late 1942. This turned the tide and allowed the Allies to take the offensive, invading Tunisia and forcing the surrender of Axis troops in North Africa in May 1943.
World War 1 began in 1914 after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by a Serbian nationalist. This caused Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia, drawing in allies on both sides through a system of entangling alliances. Trench warfare ensued between the opposing armies in Europe, resulting in millions of casualties over the next several years as poison gas, tanks, airplanes, and submarines were used for the first time in modern warfare. The United States remained neutral at first, though it would eventually enter the war in 1917.
This document provides information on various aspects of World War 1 through a series of images and captions. It describes the effects of gas warfare on British soldiers in 1918. It also discusses the introduction of tanks to warfare by the British, as well as other weapons such as machine guns. Additionally, it shows images related to key events that sparked the war, such as the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914.
The document summarizes the context and organization surrounding the 101st Airborne Division's defense of Bastogne during the Battle of the Bulge. It describes how Bastogne was strategically important due to its network of roads. The German plan called for capturing Bastogne to maintain their rear area communications, though different German units had varying interpretations of this objective. It also outlines the depleted state of the German units involved in the initial attack, including the XLVII Panzer Corps which lacked troops, tanks, weapons and was overall unprepared to take Bastogne as planned.
Similar to One Man's War: Alexis Ectos Maffuniades (19)
Henry Jones was born in Dublin in 1831 and joined the British army in 1849, serving in several regiments including the Royal Irish Rifles and Royal Fusiliers. During the Crimean War in 1854-1856, Henry fought bravely at the Battle of Alma and the Siege of Sevastopol, where he was badly wounded but remained at his post defending his men. For his actions at Sevastopol, Henry was awarded the Victoria Cross, though it was not officially gazetted until 1857. After resigning his military commission, Henry had a long career in diplomacy, serving as Consul General in various locations until his retirement in 1898. He died in Eastbourne, England in 1916.
The Fusilier Museum worked with volunteers from the local community to research the life of Scout leader Roland Philipps and The Battle of the Somme.
In Roland Philipps we found a man who not only experienced the Somme, one of the most contentious battles of the First World War, but a man who worked tirelessly for East London’s local community. His is a story which has faded with time, despite his legacy funding many of the activities of the East London Scouts today. With the centenary of The Battle of the Somme, The Fusilier Museum, our volunteers and The Scout Association felt that the time had come to pay tribute to a man whose actions continue to contribute to the local community.
Despite being born into wealth and privilege Philipps was inspired to move to East London to share Scouting with boys from less well-to-do backgrounds. He believed that every boy should have the opportunity to take part in Scouting, to take responsibility and to learn through doing. His calling was
interrupted by the Great War in which he felt it was his duty to fight. Although his life was cut tragically short it was greatly celebrated and his influence is still felt today.
This exhibition has been researched with the help of The Scout Association whose heritage collection we have been fortunate to work with to learn much of what you will find in these panels.
A presentation about the Life of Major General Edward Joshua Cooper, a Fusilier in the First World War by work experience students of The Fusilier Museum London.
VC awarded posthumously as Stone was killed in action at Bourlon Wood during Battle of Cambrai. He showed extreme bravery holding a position whist sending back vital information which helped saved others.
Thomas Ashford was born in 1859 in Newmarket, Cambridgeshire as an illegitimate son. He joined the British Army in 1877 and served in India and Afghanistan. During the Second Anglo-Afghan War in 1880, Ashford rescued a wounded soldier under enemy fire in Kandahar, earning him the Victoria Cross. After leaving the military in 1884, Ashford settled in Leicestershire and worked as a postman. He married in 1891 and later moved to Whitwick, where he died of bronchitis in 1913 in an unmarked grave.
George Jarratt was born in 1891 in England and worked as a clerk before enlisting in the military. During World War I, he initially served with the 12th Battalion Queens Own (Royal West Kent Regiment) before transferring to the Royal Fusiliers. In May 1917, during the 2nd Battle of Arras, German soldiers captured George and some wounded comrades and placed them in a dugout. When a grenade landed in the dugout, George sacrificed himself to save the others by placing his body on the grenade, which exploded and killed him but saved the wounded men. For his heroic actions, George was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross. He has no known grave and is commemorated on the Arras
Between July and October 2016 volunteers from the local community worked with The Fusilier Museum London researching the treatment of wounded soldiers during World War One.
The exhibition they created was exhibited at Tower Hamlets Local History Library and Archive and shares the darker side of a nations sacrifice and the ongoing consequences of the life altering injuries suffered by many of the men who fought during the First World War.
The document provides information about an upcoming exhibition at the Fusilier Museum London titled "Voices from the Front, a Personal Account of the Great War". The exhibition shares the experiences of World War 1 soldiers through diaries in the museum's collection. It focuses on the challenges of daily life like food, transport, living conditions, and camaraderie as depicted in the soldiers' diaries rather than deeply exploring the tragic aspects of war. Associated events include an exhibition opening performance and dance workshop.
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Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
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The event will cover the following::
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Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
2. Alexis Ectos Maffuniades
Alexis Ectos Maffuniades was a Private in the 10th Battalion of the Royal
Fusiliers during the First World War.
He had Turkish ancestry from his father Alexander and he had English
heritage through his mother Jane.
Maffuniades served for two years in the Royal Fusiliers, winning the
distinguished conduct medal for his bravery under enemy fire.
Unfortunately, “Muffins”, as he was called, died from his wounds inflicted by
a German sniper on the frontline of the trenches on the 28th May 1916.
This is the story of his experience during “The Great War”.
3. Enlistment
Maffuniades answered the call at the outbreak of
war to serve his country and thus enlisted on the
27th August 1914, 23 days after war was declared.
He joined the 10th Battalion of the Royal Fusiliers
also known as the Stockbrokers Battalion. This was
a Pals Battalion primarily made up of workers in the
city, however Maffuniades himself worked in his
fathers printing business.
Before commencing their training at Colchester,
Maffuniades and the 10th Battalion swore an oath
of allegiance, and also had a parade through the
ditch surrounding the Tower of London.
The City Press reported:
‘Thousands of Citizens lingered in town last Saturday to
witness the formal inauguration. Formed into eight
columns the recruits mustered in Temple Gardens and
were inspected by Earl Roberts.’
Private Maffuniades (1st row,
2nd from the left) with his
comrades
4. Training
Maffuniades training lasted from September to December 1914.
In September, Maffuniades settled into his new accommodation , he became
used to being away from home and adapted to the routines of army life.
Training included : drills , marching and practicing shooting to get them
prepared for war.
In November and December, training occurred despite wet and windy
conditions where they did marches and cross country exercises
Maffuniades also helped to dig up trenches and put together plans for attack
and defence using these.
Private Maffuniades
(bottom right) with his fellow
soldiers training
5. The 10th Battalion’s Experience in War
Maffuniades himself did not participate in
any major offensives but was involved in
numerous skirmishes.
The 10th Battalion was fortunate not to have
fought in the Battle of Loos, as despite
being reserves for ‘the Big Push’ the
advanced forces were unable to create a
breakthrough. As Lieutenant Maurice
Sharp, a friend of Maffuniades, put it:
‘From 23rd to the 27th September we were
constantly on the move in case we were
required in the Battle of Loos. This was only a
limited success so we were not needed and
could come back to Foncquevillers.’
The Battle of Loos alone suffered 61,000
casualties for virtually no gains.
It was also the first time that British forces
deployed toxic gas against the Central
Powers and was the first major test for the
volunteers that had been raised by Lord
Kitchener.
Private Maffuniades (2nd
row, 3rd from the right)
with his comrades
6. Winning the Distinguished Conduct
Medal (DCM)
In March 1916, Private Maffuniades won the Distinguished
Conduct Medal whilst serving on the front line.
The incident began with a raiding party travelling out under
the cover of darkness to cut through the German lines of
barbed wire.
While carrying out this action, the Germans became aware of
their presence and began firing and hurling grenades at the
British forces.
Unfortunately, a grenade landed at the feet of Captain
Roberts and exploded, shattering his hand. In the words of
another member of the raiding party, this is what happened
next:
‘Although suffering great agony, the Captain uttered no sound
which would reveal the position of the bombing party and Private
Maffuniades was struck on the head by a bomb, which fortunately
did not explode and only stunned him for a few minutes. On
coming to, he discovered Captain Roberts lying so badly
wounded, that he was unable to move. The others of the party
were some distance off by this time, and it was impossible for
Private Maffuniades to attract their attention without shouting, so
under a hail of rifle fire and bombs, he half carried and half
dragged the Captain back towards the British lines. A minute or
two later, when firing died down, the Germans came out hoping to
secure prisoners, but Maffuniades with the Captain on his back,
managed to evade them, and eventually reached the British lines
in an exhausted condition.’
Captain
Roberts
Private
Maffuniades
8. What is the Distinguished Conduct
Medal?
This was established on 4
December 1854 (during the
Crimean War) by Queen Victoria
for the act of gallantry in the field.
It was awarded to 29,800 people,
with 25,000 of them being
awarded during World War I
The medal was also regarded as
second only to the Victoria Cross
in prestige.
However, the medal was
discontinued in 1993, and was
replaced by the Conspicuous
Gallantry Cross
9. The Death of Maffuniades
“It is with deep regret that I write to sympathise with you in
the loss of your brother Private Ectos Maffuniades. He was
killed about 8:30pm on May 28th. He had been looking over
the parapet when a German sniper spotted him and shot
him through the head. He lost consciousness at once and
died shortly afterwards. Death was therefore painless. His
Platoon officer and I attended his funeral yesterday evening
at 6pm in the village, where we go when we are out of the
trenches. It was a beautiful summers evening and it was a
most impressive ceremony. A funeral party of members of B
Company, and nearly 100 other mourners were present. He
was buried in the military cemetery on top of a beautiful hill
by the side of other brave men of the tenth and some
French comrades. For myself, I can only say that I have lost
one of my best men. It will also be your pride that he
obtained the Distinguished Conduct medal for his gallantry
and devotion and I know that Captain Russell Roberts will
feel his loss very keenly. In short, he was beloved by
officers and men alike and I ask you to accept the sincere
sympathy and regret of all soldiers of B Company 10th Royal
Fusilers”
A letter from B Company to Private Maffuniades’
brother detailing his death on May 28th 1916