This document provides descriptions and examples of various camera angles, camera movements, framing rules, and the rule of thirds that are used in filmmaking. It defines close ups, establishing shots, extreme wide shots, wide shots, mid shots, medium close ups, extreme close ups, cutaways, two-shots, over the shoulder shots, and point of view shots. It also explains tracking, tilting, zooming, framing, leading room, and using horizontal and vertical lines. Finally, it describes the rule of thirds and how important elements should be placed along the intersection lines to create tension and interest.

1. Camera Angles
Name: Hannah Lortie
Deadline: Friday 16th September
Sent to G Teasdale via email before the
lesson

2. Challenge
You are to independently research the following
camera angles and movements and create a
visual representation, as well as a description of
how the technique is used within the film
industry.

3. Camera Angle: Close Up
Image example:
This is used in a film to show detail to the subject or any objects. A shot like this could be classed as an extreme close up,
depending on how close the shot it to the object.

4. Camera Angle: Establishing Shot
Image example:
This is used in a film to give a broader view of the location of the scene.

5. Camera Angle: Extreme wide shot
Image example:
An extreme wide shot is used in a film to show where the scene is, it is similar to an establishing shot.

6. Camera Angle: Wide shot
Image example:
Unlike an extreme wide shot this shot is used in a film by moving closer to the subject, enabling it to be seen more
clearly.

7. Camera Angle: Mid shot
Image example:
In a film this is used to focus the character in the middle of the frame and make that character the main attraction.

8. Camera Angle: Medium close up
Image example:
This is used in a film to focus on the top half of a character and draw the audiences attention to this character.

9. Camera Angle: Extreme close up
Image example:
This is used in a film because it shows facial expressions and focuses on the emotion coming from the characters face,
in this shot there would normally be both eyes rather than just one.

10. Camera Angle: Cutaway
Image example:
This is used in a film when a continuous shot is interrupted, changing the shots focus. Usually this type of shot is followed by a cut
back to the first shot but not always.

11. Camera Angle: Two-shot
Image example:
This is used in a film when the frame is showing two people at once.

12. Camera Angle: Over the shoulder
Image example:
This is used in a film during a scene where, usually, two characters are sat or stood having a conversation and the camera is angles
of the shoulder of one character looking onto the other.

13. Camera Angle: Point of view (POV)
Image example:
This is used in a film to show what a character is looking at. Usually it is recognized by being positioned between the character
looking at something and then a shot showing the characters reactions. Sometimes the point of view is taken over the shoulder of
another character.

14. Camera Movement: Tracking
Image example:
This is used in film by tracking the movement of the main subject. For example, following a car as it drives along a road. Tracking is
mainly shot close to the ground, it would focus on someone's feet whilst walking or the wheels of a moving vehicle.

15. Camera Movement: Tilt
Image example:
This is used in a film when the shot is tilted, focusing the frame at different angle. It can also rotate around the axis that runs from
left to right or up and down through the camera head.

16. Camera Movement: Zoom
Image example:
Zoom is used in a film when the shot in zoomed into a specific part of the frame, in other words, the focus of the shot is adjusted.
Sometimes zoomed can be used in place of tracking shots. Usually a zoom ends in a close up but a zoom-back ends in a general
shot.

17. Rules of Framing
Framing is the process of composing an image. One rule of framing is to do with horizontal and vertical lines, the horizontal lines
must be level and the vertical lines must be straight up and down (this links to the rule of thirds). Another rule is to do with the
amount of room in a frame, for example if you take a shot of a baby crawling you put ‘leading room’ in the shot so that it shows
where the baby will be crawling and makes the shot less uncomfortable. The rules of framing also look at how the shot is frame.
What does the background look like? Is there anything distracting? You have to pay attention to the frame, this will avoid you from
having half objects in your frame.
This is used in a film to compose the frame and make it look less crowded or uncomfortable.

18. The rules of third
The rule of thirds divides the frame into nine sections. The lines (or points) of interest should arise at 1/3 or 2/3 of the way up the frame,
rather than in the centre of the frame (as shown in the image). This means the important compositional elements should be placed along the
intersections of the lines. Aligning an object with these points creates tension, energy and interest. Whereas, centering the object wouldn’t
create the same effect.
This is used in a film by using the points as a frame for where you put the important elements in a scene, such as a person.