This document provides an introduction to the Android technology. It discusses that Android is an open-source, Linux-based operating system for mobile devices. The document outlines Android's system architecture, including the Linux kernel, middleware and key components like the Dalvik virtual machine. It also compares Android to other mobile operating systems and notes Android's rapid growth and popularity.

1. Introduction To Android Technology
Nilay Mishra
(NilayM@quinnox.com)
Swathi C
(CSwathi@quinnox.com)

2.  Android Basics.
 Android System Architecture .
 Power Management and Bindings.
 Dalvik Virtual Machine
 Android Vs Other OS.
Objective

3.  A Software platform and operating system for
smart devices.
 Based on the Linux kernel.
 Android was found way back in 2003.
 It was developed in Palo Alto, California.
WHAT IS ANDROID.?

5. Android
 Android has open
system architecture that
means any one can
develop there
application according to
there need
 Android is open source
over
Symbian/iOS/RIM/BADA
/others that are
copyrighted by there
respective companies

7.  Android, Inc. was founded in Palo Alto,
California in October 2003 by Andy Rubin
(co-founder of Danger),Rich Miner (co-
founder of Wildfire Communications, Inc.)
and Nick Sears (once VP at T-Mobile).
 In July 2005, Google acquired Android Inc. for
at least $50 million and Google collaborate
with OHA

8.  A business alliance consisting of 80
companies to develop open standards for
mobile devices
 Companies in OHA are

11.  Relying on Linux Kernel
2.6/3.4/3.10 for core syste
m services
 Memory and Process
Management
 Network Stack
 Driver Model
 Security
 Providing an abstraction
between the H/W and the
rest of the S/W stack.
Android S/W Stack – Linux Kernel

13.  Kernel Enhancements
Power Management
Binder

14.  Mobile devices
depend on battery
power and batteries
have limited capacity
So The main Question is how to handle this???

15.  PM is built on top of standard
Linux Power Management.
 PM supports more
aggressive power
management policy.
 Components make requests
to keep the power on
through “Wake Locks”.
 PM supports several different
types of wake “Wake Locks”.

17.  Binder facilitate IPC between applications and
service
Why is Binder Required?

18.  Applications and
Services may
run in separate
processes but
must
communicate
and share data
 IPC can introduce
significant
processing
overhead and
security hole

19.  Dalvik Virtual Machine
Providing
environment on
which every
Android application
runs
Each Android
application runs in
its own process,
with its own
instance of the
Dalvik VM.

20. What is Dalvik machine

21.  Dalvik Virtual
Machine (Cont)
Executing the Dalvik
Executable (.dex)
format
.dex format is
optimized for
minimal memory
footprint.
Compilation

22. Loaded into Dalvik VM

23. • Fastest growing mobile OS
• Over 300,000+ Android activations a day
• Android overtook iOS as the dominant OS in
US during 2H 2010
• First phone launched HTC G1 in 2008
• Currently an OS of choice for Motorola, HTC,
Samsung, Sony Ericsson, among others
• Software updates every few months

24. OS Mkt Share
# of Apps
Revenue
Developer Interest
Easiness of PL
Platform
Multitasking
Security
OS Upgrades
App Approval
Payments & Avail.

25.  Android OS:
◦ open platform, allowing the use of 3rd party tools
◦ Key to OS success
◦ can reach core components. More like PC swr
 iOS:
◦ Restrictive guidelines
◦ Fixed set of tools, nothing outside, nothing deep
◦ No Flash!

26. Nilay Mishra (NilayM@quinnox.com)
Swathi C (CSwathi@quinnox.com)