This document discusses using high performance computing (HPC) capabilities in the cloud for simulation and analytics. It defines HPC as allowing for solving complex problems through massively parallel simulations, but notes it is expensive and knowledge-intensive. Cloud computing allows scaling resources on demand and paying only for what is used, but was traditionally not suited for HPC. The document outlines challenges of integrating HPC and cloud capabilities and provides three examples of application experiments, including using cloud-based design to increase renewable energy production, predicting drug targets and side effects in medicine, and optimizing microchip placement to free up space on a chip.