The document discusses the basics of digestion, including the organs involved and their functions. It then focuses on digestion that occurs in the mouth, including both mechanical and chemical breakdown of food. Mechanical digestion is done by teeth chewing and grinding food into smaller pieces, while chemical digestion starts as enzymes in saliva begin breaking down parts of the food, such as the enzyme amylase breaking down starch into maltose. The chewed up food mixed with saliva forms a bolus that then travels from the mouth to the esophagus, using both voluntary and involuntary swallowing processes. In the esophagus, the bolus moves to the stomach through peristalsis, which are involuntary, wave-like contractions that push