This article is all about the critical problem occur in ball bearing rolling element bearing are vital components in almost every machines or applications with moving or rotating parts therefore it is great importance to fully understand the behaviour and the nature of the bearing. Now adays there
are good ways to predict the expected life of a rolling element bearing but there is no way to calculate the exact service life and which can lead to serious and costly consequences in the event of breakdown of the bearing. Since for the diagnosis of ball bearing faults which comes through vibrations.
This document discusses the study of nonlinear behavior in vibrating systems. It begins with an abstract that defines vibration and explains why nonlinear models are needed to accurately describe real structures. The document then focuses on optimizing the vibration behavior of an absorber system with two degrees of freedom, a shock absorber, and nonlinear stiffness, subjected to harmonic loads. Both deterministic and stochastic cases are considered to find optimal response envelopes for nonlinear displacements, phases, and forces. Different types of nonlinear vibration isolators are also described, including ultra-low frequency isolators, Euler column isolators, and Gospodnetic-Frisch-Fay beam isolators.
1) Researchers measured the lift, drag, and guidance forces on a permanent magnet passing over different arrays of figure-eight coils. The experimental results matched well with predictions from dynamic circuit theory.
2) In experiments, a magnet passed over single coils and arrays with 2, 4, or 8 coils while forces were measured. Lift forces pushed towards the coil center, while drag and guidance forces had impulse patterns that varied with coil number.
3) Dynamic circuit theory models the magnet and coils as circuits and calculates induced currents and magnetic forces. The calculated force waveforms matched the measured results well. Analysis of coil designs can optimize forces for maglev applications.
IRJET- Simulation Results of Circular Horn AntennaIRJET Journal
1. The document discusses the simulation results of circular horn antennas. A conical horn antenna and elliptical horn antenna were designed and simulated using HFSS.
2. For the conical horn antenna, the return loss, field distribution, directivity, gain and radiation patterns were calculated. The resonance frequency was found to be 10.95GHz.
3. An elliptical horn antenna was also designed and its return loss, field distribution and radiation pattern were obtained through simulation. The resonance frequency of the elliptical horn antenna was 9.05GHz.
1) Rectangular waveguides are commonly used to transmit microwave signals and their dimensions are based on the transmission frequency. Common waveguide shapes include rectangular, circular, and ridged.
2) Multiple electromagnetic modes can propagate within a waveguide depending on the frequency relative to the cutoff frequency for each mode. The dominant mode for rectangular waveguides is the TE10 mode.
3) Double ridge waveguides increase bandwidth at the cost of higher attenuation by lowering the cutoff frequency of the TE10 mode relative to an unloaded rectangular waveguide.
This document discusses vibration analysis and control. It covers topics like vibration control methods, dynamic vibration absorbers, balancing, and experimental vibration analysis. Specifically, it outlines the contents of two units - Unit 4 on vibration control techniques like isolation and active control, and Unit 5 on experimental vibration analysis methods. It also provides sample questions related to these topics.
The document provides an overview of microwave engineering and rectangular waveguides. It defines microwave frequencies as ranging from 1 GHz to 300 GHz. Rectangular waveguides transmit electromagnetic waves through successive reflections from inner walls. Modes in waveguides include transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes. The document analyzes the TM and TE modes in rectangular waveguides through solving Maxwell's equations with boundary conditions. Cut-off frequencies above which modes can propagate are determined. Examples demonstrate calculating waveguide parameters and resonant frequencies of cavity resonators.
The cutoff frequency for the TE10 mode is given by fc = c/(2m) = 1.5×109 Hz.
The frequencies for TE01 and TE11 modes are higher than that of TE10 mode.
Since the operating frequency f = 109 rad/s = 1.5×109 Hz is greater than the cutoff frequency of TE10 mode, the TE10 mode will propagate. The other modes that can propagate are TE01 and TE11.
The correct option is C.
This document discusses the study of nonlinear behavior in vibrating systems. It begins with an abstract that defines vibration and explains why nonlinear models are needed to accurately describe real structures. The document then focuses on optimizing the vibration behavior of an absorber system with two degrees of freedom, a shock absorber, and nonlinear stiffness, subjected to harmonic loads. Both deterministic and stochastic cases are considered to find optimal response envelopes for nonlinear displacements, phases, and forces. Different types of nonlinear vibration isolators are also described, including ultra-low frequency isolators, Euler column isolators, and Gospodnetic-Frisch-Fay beam isolators.
1) Researchers measured the lift, drag, and guidance forces on a permanent magnet passing over different arrays of figure-eight coils. The experimental results matched well with predictions from dynamic circuit theory.
2) In experiments, a magnet passed over single coils and arrays with 2, 4, or 8 coils while forces were measured. Lift forces pushed towards the coil center, while drag and guidance forces had impulse patterns that varied with coil number.
3) Dynamic circuit theory models the magnet and coils as circuits and calculates induced currents and magnetic forces. The calculated force waveforms matched the measured results well. Analysis of coil designs can optimize forces for maglev applications.
IRJET- Simulation Results of Circular Horn AntennaIRJET Journal
1. The document discusses the simulation results of circular horn antennas. A conical horn antenna and elliptical horn antenna were designed and simulated using HFSS.
2. For the conical horn antenna, the return loss, field distribution, directivity, gain and radiation patterns were calculated. The resonance frequency was found to be 10.95GHz.
3. An elliptical horn antenna was also designed and its return loss, field distribution and radiation pattern were obtained through simulation. The resonance frequency of the elliptical horn antenna was 9.05GHz.
1) Rectangular waveguides are commonly used to transmit microwave signals and their dimensions are based on the transmission frequency. Common waveguide shapes include rectangular, circular, and ridged.
2) Multiple electromagnetic modes can propagate within a waveguide depending on the frequency relative to the cutoff frequency for each mode. The dominant mode for rectangular waveguides is the TE10 mode.
3) Double ridge waveguides increase bandwidth at the cost of higher attenuation by lowering the cutoff frequency of the TE10 mode relative to an unloaded rectangular waveguide.
This document discusses vibration analysis and control. It covers topics like vibration control methods, dynamic vibration absorbers, balancing, and experimental vibration analysis. Specifically, it outlines the contents of two units - Unit 4 on vibration control techniques like isolation and active control, and Unit 5 on experimental vibration analysis methods. It also provides sample questions related to these topics.
The document provides an overview of microwave engineering and rectangular waveguides. It defines microwave frequencies as ranging from 1 GHz to 300 GHz. Rectangular waveguides transmit electromagnetic waves through successive reflections from inner walls. Modes in waveguides include transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes. The document analyzes the TM and TE modes in rectangular waveguides through solving Maxwell's equations with boundary conditions. Cut-off frequencies above which modes can propagate are determined. Examples demonstrate calculating waveguide parameters and resonant frequencies of cavity resonators.
The cutoff frequency for the TE10 mode is given by fc = c/(2m) = 1.5×109 Hz.
The frequencies for TE01 and TE11 modes are higher than that of TE10 mode.
Since the operating frequency f = 109 rad/s = 1.5×109 Hz is greater than the cutoff frequency of TE10 mode, the TE10 mode will propagate. The other modes that can propagate are TE01 and TE11.
The correct option is C.
Vibrations in data centers can be caused by nearby construction, traffic, railways, or cooling and equipment inside the data center. Vibrations above 0.5g can damage servers and disk drives, potentially causing data loss. Anti-vibration solutions like individual springs, metallic frames, and floating concrete slabs can isolate vibrations. Floating slabs distribute weight to maintain low resonance even with varying loads. Additional seismic protections like wire absorbers and walls can further isolate horizontal impacts during earthquakes. Proper isolation is needed to protect sensitive data center equipment from vibrations and seismic events.
There is a mainly two types of waveguide which are mainly used in microwave transmission. A Rectangular waveguide and a circular waveguide. Microwave Propagation is being through these waveguides via different modes at different frequencies. But in practical implementation many problems arise like an ascetic excitation method, efficiency of particular mode, complex calculation etc., and an alternation is used. It is called a waveguide converter. In this paper different types of methods are analyzed and describe an output of these methods.
Three-phase-to-ground fault and its impact on voltage magnitudeijiert bestjournal
This document discusses three-phase-to-ground faults and their impact on voltage magnitude. It presents the results of simulations conducted to examine voltage sags for different fault resistances. The simulations were performed in MATLAB/Simulink and modeled a distribution system including a source, transformer, distribution line and load. The results showed that higher fault resistances produced smaller voltage sags, with a resistance of 10 ohms resulting in a sag to 0.2 pu, 40 ohms to 0.6 pu and 120 ohms to 0.9 pu. In conclusion, the magnitude of voltage sags depends mainly on the fault resistance, with higher resistances producing smaller sags.
This document summarizes research on modeling the frequency-dependent behavior of grounding systems and the effects of lightning strikes. It presents examples of simulations conducted on a sample copper grounding mesh to illustrate: 1) The difference in mesh behavior between low and high frequencies, 2) How injected currents at various points influence voltages throughout the mesh, and 3) Parameters for evaluating safety and interference risks from simulated lightning strikes.
The Vibration is one of the major problem in linear switched reluctance motors (LSRMs). This paper present a detailed analysis of vibration in a two phase LSRM and proposes a new structure to reduce the effect. The experimental results of this paper prove that the proposed structure is well suited for conveyor application.
The document discusses the transverse electromagnetic (TEM) mode, which can exist in transmission lines but not hollow waveguides. The TEM mode is characterized by the electric and magnetic fields being completely transverse to the direction of wave propagation. Analysis of the TEM mode illustrates the relationship between circuit theory and field theory. The properties of TEM modes in a lossless medium include having a cutoff frequency of zero, requiring a two-conductor transmission line system, and having a wave impedance equal to the impedance in an unbounded dielectric medium with a phase velocity equal to the speed of light in that medium.
Waveguides are hollow conductive tubes that propagate electromagnetic waves within their interior. They serve as boundaries that confine EM energy through reflection off their walls. Common waveguide types include rectangular, circular, and helical waveguides. Key characteristics of waveguides include their cutoff frequency minimum operating frequency and modes of propagation within the guide.
R&t 2008 principles and practices of vibrational analysis - keefermakarandnikume
Vibration analysis services involve measuring and analyzing vibration signals to identify potential issues. Key aspects include:
- Vibration is the movement of a body from its reference position, caused by an excitation force.
- Signals are measured using sensors like accelerometers and analyzed in the time and frequency domains to determine characteristics like amplitude, frequency, velocity, and acceleration.
- Overall vibration, individual frequency components, and multi-parameter data (velocity and acceleration) provide information on severity and potential sources of problems like imbalance or bearing issues.
The document discusses antenna tilt, which is the inclination of an antenna relative to its axis. Tilt can be applied electrically or mechanically to change the antenna's radiation pattern and direct coverage to desired areas. Electrical tilt modifies the signal phase, while mechanical tilt physically tilts the antenna. The type of tilt affects coverage differently - mechanical tilt reduces central coverage but increases side coverage, while electrical tilt uniformly reduces coverage in the antenna's azimuth direction. Proper documentation of antenna tilt configurations is important for network optimization and troubleshooting.
This document describes the design of two antennas for different applications using the NECWIN95 software. The first antenna designed is an axial mode helix antenna for meteor burst packet radio operating at 30-100 MHz. Key parameters like circumference, diameter, spacing between turns, and feed length are calculated. The second antenna designed is a 7-element Yagi-Uda antenna for the 430-440 MHz amateur radio band with a gain of 8 dBi and impedance of 50 ohms. Key dimensions like element lengths and spacing are determined. Simulation results showing radiation patterns, impedance plots, and optimization are presented for both antenna designs.
Practical methods for vibration control of industrial equipmentMaria Romina Angustia
This document discusses various vibration control techniques including force reduction, mass addition, tuning, isolation, and damping. It provides explanations of how each technique works to reduce vibration response by decreasing excitation forces, changing natural frequencies, rearranging energy through isolation, or dissipating energy through damping. Examples are given for each technique and equations are provided for concepts like force, mass, stiffness.
This document provides an overview of machinery vibration analysis. Chapter 1 discusses vibration theory, sources of vibration frequencies, and measurement techniques. Chapter 2 covers time and frequency analysis techniques for understanding vibration signals. Chapter 3 reviews hardware and software used for vibration data collection and diagnosis. Chapters 4 and 5 discuss evaluating machinery condition and accurately diagnosing bearing issues through vibration analysis.
An airborne wind turbine is a design concept for a wind turbine with a rotor supported in the air without a tower, thus benefiting from more mechanical and aerodynamic options.
Vibration analysis uses FFT to transform time domain vibration data into the frequency domain spectrum. Key parameters like acceleration, velocity, crest factor, kurtosis, and noise levels are used to monitor rotational forces, impacts/shocks, and friction within machines. Fault frequencies corresponding to machine components like bearings and gears are identified and compared to spectral peaks to diagnose issues. Phase analysis can also identify unbalance or misalignment. Proper data collection and machine parameters like RPM are critical for effective vibration analysis.
1) Unbalance, misalignment, looseness and resonance are some of the key machinery faults that cause vibration. Unbalance produces a 1X signal while misalignment produces both 1X and 2X signals.
2) Rolling element bearings produce characteristic frequencies including ball pass frequencies that can indicate inner or outer race damage. Journal bearings are more damped while rolling element bearings produce clearer fault frequencies.
3) Resonance occurs when the machine's operating speed matches its natural frequency, greatly increasing vibration. It requires additional testing like run up/coast down to diagnose.
This document provides an introduction to mechanical vibrations. It discusses fundamentals such as single and multi degree of freedom systems, free and forced vibrations, harmonic and random vibrations. Examples of vibratory systems include vehicles, rotating machinery, musical instruments. Excessive vibrations can cause issues like noise, fatigue failure. The Tacoma Narrows bridge collapse and Millennium bridge vibrations are discussed. Harmonic motion and its characteristics such as amplitude, period, frequency, and phase are also introduced.
This document provides information about vibration analysis and monitoring. It defines key vibration terms like displacement, velocity, acceleration, and frequency. It describes common applications of vibration analysis in industries. It explains how vibration analysis can be used to improve reliability by identifying root causes of faults and ensuring machines are properly maintained. The document discusses different methods of vibration data collection, from simple meters to professional analyzers. It provides an example of a vibration case study on a centrifugal fan and highlights the importance of vibration monitoring in preventing machine failures.
A Review of Design of Shock Absorber Test RigIRJET Journal
This document describes the design of a test rig for evaluating shock absorbers. It begins with an abstract that outlines the goal of measuring a shock absorber's transmissibility (ability to absorb vibration) under varying loads and speeds. It then provides background on shock absorbers and the importance of testing them. The conceptual design of the test rig is described, including major components like the motor, gearbox, circular plate, cam, bushings and C-channels. The document concludes that the mechanism is able to convert rotational motion into linear motion of the shock absorber in order to evaluate its performance under different operating conditions.
1) The document discusses using discrete wavelet transforms to analyze vibration signals from roller bearings to detect faults. It proposes a new feature - summing the squared wavelet decomposition coefficients at each level - and compares it to the traditional energy-based feature.
2) An experiment is described where vibration signals are collected from a test rig under normal conditions and with introduced inner race, outer race, and combined faults. The signals are decomposed using discrete wavelet transforms.
3) Features are then extracted from the wavelet decompositions using both the proposed summed squared coefficient feature and the traditional energy-based feature. A decision tree is used to classify the features and determine which feature performs better at detecting the faults.
Ieeepro techno solutions 2012 ieee embedded project development of wearable...srinivasanece7
This document describes the development of a 4x4 array of electromagnetic micro-actuators intended for dynamic tactile stimulation. Each actuator is 2.28mm in diameter and 7mm long, allowing integration into a dense array covering an area of 18mm by 21mm. Finite element analysis was used to optimize the design of a voice-coil type actuator that can produce over 26mN of force over a 2100μm stroke. Experimental evaluation showed no crosstalk between actuators spaced 3.3mm apart. The array exceeds the density of alternative designs and meets thresholds for human tactile perception.
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF NANO-NEWTON CMOS-MEMS CAPACITIVE FORCE SENSOR FOR BIO...ijmech
This document summarizes the sensitivity analysis of a nano-newton CMOS-MEMS capacitive force sensor for biomedical applications. The sensitivity analysis investigated how structural parameters like the length, width, and thickness of comb fingers, as well as the gap between them, affect the sensor's sensitivity. The analysis found that sensitivity is maximized when the gap is decreased to 2 μm, length is increased to 120 μm, and thickness is increased to 0.828 μm. This results in a 251.85% increase in sensitivity for increased capacitance and a 240.9% increase for decreased capacitance. In conclusion, optimizing these structural parameters can significantly improve the sensor's sensitivity.
Vibrations in data centers can be caused by nearby construction, traffic, railways, or cooling and equipment inside the data center. Vibrations above 0.5g can damage servers and disk drives, potentially causing data loss. Anti-vibration solutions like individual springs, metallic frames, and floating concrete slabs can isolate vibrations. Floating slabs distribute weight to maintain low resonance even with varying loads. Additional seismic protections like wire absorbers and walls can further isolate horizontal impacts during earthquakes. Proper isolation is needed to protect sensitive data center equipment from vibrations and seismic events.
There is a mainly two types of waveguide which are mainly used in microwave transmission. A Rectangular waveguide and a circular waveguide. Microwave Propagation is being through these waveguides via different modes at different frequencies. But in practical implementation many problems arise like an ascetic excitation method, efficiency of particular mode, complex calculation etc., and an alternation is used. It is called a waveguide converter. In this paper different types of methods are analyzed and describe an output of these methods.
Three-phase-to-ground fault and its impact on voltage magnitudeijiert bestjournal
This document discusses three-phase-to-ground faults and their impact on voltage magnitude. It presents the results of simulations conducted to examine voltage sags for different fault resistances. The simulations were performed in MATLAB/Simulink and modeled a distribution system including a source, transformer, distribution line and load. The results showed that higher fault resistances produced smaller voltage sags, with a resistance of 10 ohms resulting in a sag to 0.2 pu, 40 ohms to 0.6 pu and 120 ohms to 0.9 pu. In conclusion, the magnitude of voltage sags depends mainly on the fault resistance, with higher resistances producing smaller sags.
This document summarizes research on modeling the frequency-dependent behavior of grounding systems and the effects of lightning strikes. It presents examples of simulations conducted on a sample copper grounding mesh to illustrate: 1) The difference in mesh behavior between low and high frequencies, 2) How injected currents at various points influence voltages throughout the mesh, and 3) Parameters for evaluating safety and interference risks from simulated lightning strikes.
The Vibration is one of the major problem in linear switched reluctance motors (LSRMs). This paper present a detailed analysis of vibration in a two phase LSRM and proposes a new structure to reduce the effect. The experimental results of this paper prove that the proposed structure is well suited for conveyor application.
The document discusses the transverse electromagnetic (TEM) mode, which can exist in transmission lines but not hollow waveguides. The TEM mode is characterized by the electric and magnetic fields being completely transverse to the direction of wave propagation. Analysis of the TEM mode illustrates the relationship between circuit theory and field theory. The properties of TEM modes in a lossless medium include having a cutoff frequency of zero, requiring a two-conductor transmission line system, and having a wave impedance equal to the impedance in an unbounded dielectric medium with a phase velocity equal to the speed of light in that medium.
Waveguides are hollow conductive tubes that propagate electromagnetic waves within their interior. They serve as boundaries that confine EM energy through reflection off their walls. Common waveguide types include rectangular, circular, and helical waveguides. Key characteristics of waveguides include their cutoff frequency minimum operating frequency and modes of propagation within the guide.
R&t 2008 principles and practices of vibrational analysis - keefermakarandnikume
Vibration analysis services involve measuring and analyzing vibration signals to identify potential issues. Key aspects include:
- Vibration is the movement of a body from its reference position, caused by an excitation force.
- Signals are measured using sensors like accelerometers and analyzed in the time and frequency domains to determine characteristics like amplitude, frequency, velocity, and acceleration.
- Overall vibration, individual frequency components, and multi-parameter data (velocity and acceleration) provide information on severity and potential sources of problems like imbalance or bearing issues.
The document discusses antenna tilt, which is the inclination of an antenna relative to its axis. Tilt can be applied electrically or mechanically to change the antenna's radiation pattern and direct coverage to desired areas. Electrical tilt modifies the signal phase, while mechanical tilt physically tilts the antenna. The type of tilt affects coverage differently - mechanical tilt reduces central coverage but increases side coverage, while electrical tilt uniformly reduces coverage in the antenna's azimuth direction. Proper documentation of antenna tilt configurations is important for network optimization and troubleshooting.
This document describes the design of two antennas for different applications using the NECWIN95 software. The first antenna designed is an axial mode helix antenna for meteor burst packet radio operating at 30-100 MHz. Key parameters like circumference, diameter, spacing between turns, and feed length are calculated. The second antenna designed is a 7-element Yagi-Uda antenna for the 430-440 MHz amateur radio band with a gain of 8 dBi and impedance of 50 ohms. Key dimensions like element lengths and spacing are determined. Simulation results showing radiation patterns, impedance plots, and optimization are presented for both antenna designs.
Practical methods for vibration control of industrial equipmentMaria Romina Angustia
This document discusses various vibration control techniques including force reduction, mass addition, tuning, isolation, and damping. It provides explanations of how each technique works to reduce vibration response by decreasing excitation forces, changing natural frequencies, rearranging energy through isolation, or dissipating energy through damping. Examples are given for each technique and equations are provided for concepts like force, mass, stiffness.
This document provides an overview of machinery vibration analysis. Chapter 1 discusses vibration theory, sources of vibration frequencies, and measurement techniques. Chapter 2 covers time and frequency analysis techniques for understanding vibration signals. Chapter 3 reviews hardware and software used for vibration data collection and diagnosis. Chapters 4 and 5 discuss evaluating machinery condition and accurately diagnosing bearing issues through vibration analysis.
An airborne wind turbine is a design concept for a wind turbine with a rotor supported in the air without a tower, thus benefiting from more mechanical and aerodynamic options.
Vibration analysis uses FFT to transform time domain vibration data into the frequency domain spectrum. Key parameters like acceleration, velocity, crest factor, kurtosis, and noise levels are used to monitor rotational forces, impacts/shocks, and friction within machines. Fault frequencies corresponding to machine components like bearings and gears are identified and compared to spectral peaks to diagnose issues. Phase analysis can also identify unbalance or misalignment. Proper data collection and machine parameters like RPM are critical for effective vibration analysis.
1) Unbalance, misalignment, looseness and resonance are some of the key machinery faults that cause vibration. Unbalance produces a 1X signal while misalignment produces both 1X and 2X signals.
2) Rolling element bearings produce characteristic frequencies including ball pass frequencies that can indicate inner or outer race damage. Journal bearings are more damped while rolling element bearings produce clearer fault frequencies.
3) Resonance occurs when the machine's operating speed matches its natural frequency, greatly increasing vibration. It requires additional testing like run up/coast down to diagnose.
This document provides an introduction to mechanical vibrations. It discusses fundamentals such as single and multi degree of freedom systems, free and forced vibrations, harmonic and random vibrations. Examples of vibratory systems include vehicles, rotating machinery, musical instruments. Excessive vibrations can cause issues like noise, fatigue failure. The Tacoma Narrows bridge collapse and Millennium bridge vibrations are discussed. Harmonic motion and its characteristics such as amplitude, period, frequency, and phase are also introduced.
This document provides information about vibration analysis and monitoring. It defines key vibration terms like displacement, velocity, acceleration, and frequency. It describes common applications of vibration analysis in industries. It explains how vibration analysis can be used to improve reliability by identifying root causes of faults and ensuring machines are properly maintained. The document discusses different methods of vibration data collection, from simple meters to professional analyzers. It provides an example of a vibration case study on a centrifugal fan and highlights the importance of vibration monitoring in preventing machine failures.
A Review of Design of Shock Absorber Test RigIRJET Journal
This document describes the design of a test rig for evaluating shock absorbers. It begins with an abstract that outlines the goal of measuring a shock absorber's transmissibility (ability to absorb vibration) under varying loads and speeds. It then provides background on shock absorbers and the importance of testing them. The conceptual design of the test rig is described, including major components like the motor, gearbox, circular plate, cam, bushings and C-channels. The document concludes that the mechanism is able to convert rotational motion into linear motion of the shock absorber in order to evaluate its performance under different operating conditions.
1) The document discusses using discrete wavelet transforms to analyze vibration signals from roller bearings to detect faults. It proposes a new feature - summing the squared wavelet decomposition coefficients at each level - and compares it to the traditional energy-based feature.
2) An experiment is described where vibration signals are collected from a test rig under normal conditions and with introduced inner race, outer race, and combined faults. The signals are decomposed using discrete wavelet transforms.
3) Features are then extracted from the wavelet decompositions using both the proposed summed squared coefficient feature and the traditional energy-based feature. A decision tree is used to classify the features and determine which feature performs better at detecting the faults.
Ieeepro techno solutions 2012 ieee embedded project development of wearable...srinivasanece7
This document describes the development of a 4x4 array of electromagnetic micro-actuators intended for dynamic tactile stimulation. Each actuator is 2.28mm in diameter and 7mm long, allowing integration into a dense array covering an area of 18mm by 21mm. Finite element analysis was used to optimize the design of a voice-coil type actuator that can produce over 26mN of force over a 2100μm stroke. Experimental evaluation showed no crosstalk between actuators spaced 3.3mm apart. The array exceeds the density of alternative designs and meets thresholds for human tactile perception.
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF NANO-NEWTON CMOS-MEMS CAPACITIVE FORCE SENSOR FOR BIO...ijmech
This document summarizes the sensitivity analysis of a nano-newton CMOS-MEMS capacitive force sensor for biomedical applications. The sensitivity analysis investigated how structural parameters like the length, width, and thickness of comb fingers, as well as the gap between them, affect the sensor's sensitivity. The analysis found that sensitivity is maximized when the gap is decreased to 2 μm, length is increased to 120 μm, and thickness is increased to 0.828 μm. This results in a 251.85% increase in sensitivity for increased capacitance and a 240.9% increase for decreased capacitance. In conclusion, optimizing these structural parameters can significantly improve the sensor's sensitivity.
Identification of coulomb, viscous and particle damping parameters from the r...ijiert bestjournal
This paper deals with Theoretical and Experimental methods for identification of coulomb ,Viscous and Particle
damping parameters from the response of Single degree of freedom harmonically forced linear oscillator when
system damped with more than one type of damping ,which parameter is responsible for the control of resonant
response of vibrating systems, in experimental method setup have been presented to investigate steady state
response amplitude xi for SDOF system for different values of amplitude Yi of the base excitation from this
relationship of (Xi ,Yi) the values of viscous damping coefficient „c‟ and coulomb friction force F0 ,also
equivalent viscous damping ratios ,have been calculated from frequency response analysis for the systems with
viscous damping ,Viscous and Coulomb friction damping, coulomb friction damping and particle damping by
using half power band-width method and in theoretical studies expression for steady state amplitude X0
obtained is used to study the effect of frequency ratio and coulomb friction parameters on phase angle and
amplitude ratio.
IRJET- Forced Damped Vibration Analysis of Optimized Cantilever Beam using Di...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on analyzing the forced damped vibration of an optimized cantilever beam using different methods. The study aims to identify a suitable material for manufacturing an engine casing by considering parameters like material, weight, damping coefficient, spring stiffness, and natural frequency. Using the Taguchi method and regression analysis, aluminum is identified as the optimal material. The natural frequency is then evaluated using theoretical, experimental (FFT analyzer), and simulation (ANSYS) methods. Time graphs and FFT readings from the experimental setup show peak frequencies that match the theoretical natural frequency of 5.36 Hz calculated using analytical methods.
VIBRATION LEVEL OPTIMIZATION OF LATHE MACHINE BY CONSIDERING NONLINEARITIES I...ijiert bestjournal
This document discusses vibration isolation methods for reducing noise and vibration in machines. It provides an overview of previous research on analyzing vibration levels in machines like lathe machines and blowers, and developing vibration isolators using materials like viscoelastic pads. The document reviews studies on modeling and designing nonlinear vibration isolators, and analyzing the effects of parameters like temperature on isolator performance. It concludes that vibration pads made of viscoelastic materials are effective and low-cost methods for vibration isolation in machines.
Suppressing undesired vibration of 3 r robot arms using impact dampersijmech
The behavior of a vibration system suppressed with an impact damper is investigated, where the impact
damper is simplified as a combination of spring and viscous damping. The analytical answer for the contact duration is developed using iteration perturbation technique. Iteration perturbation is a new analytical technique which can solve strongly nonlinear equations. In the presented work an impact damper is used to reduce the undesired vibration of an industrial robot arm. For this reason a 3R robot is equipped with a simple model of a single unit impact damper which is constructed using spring, mass and viscous damper. The output forces of robot with and without impact damper are compared and effects of using the impact damper on correct application of the robot are shown
Fundamentals of vibration_measurement_and_analysis_explainedvibratiob
The document discusses fundamentals of vibration measurement and analysis. It begins by explaining how measurement and analysis has been improved by microprocessors but the basic processes remain unchanged. It then covers basics of vibration including relationships between displacement, velocity, acceleration. It discusses measuring vibration using accelerometers and calculating overall values and frequency spectra. Finally it discusses concepts like resonance, damping, and natural frequencies and how understanding these fundamentals is important for vibration analysis and fault diagnosis.
Free Vibrational Analysis of Cracked and Un-cracked Cantilever BeamIRJET Journal
1. The document analyzes the free vibrational behavior of cracked and un-cracked cantilever beams through numerical analysis using ANSYS software, analytical solutions using Euler beam theory, and experimental modal analysis.
2. Natural frequencies of the beams are obtained for the first three vibration modes. Ten cracked beam models with varying cross-sections, crack locations, and crack depths are analyzed.
3. Curve fitting and fuzzy logic techniques are introduced to identify crack parameters like location and depth based on the natural frequencies. Results from finite element analysis, numerical analysis, fuzzy logic and experiments are compared.
A Tactical Chaos based PWM Technique for Distortion Restraint and Power Spect...IJPEDS-IAES
The pulse width modulated voltage source inverters (PWM-VSI) dominate in the modern industrial environment. The conventional PWM methods are designed to have higher fundamental voltage, easy filtering and reduced total harmonic distortion (THD). There are number of clustered harmonics around the multiples of switching frequency in the output of conventional sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) and space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) inverters. This is due to their fixed switching frequency while the variable switching frequency makes the filtering very complex. Random carrier PWM (RCPWM) methods are the host of PWM methods, which use randomized carrier frequency and result in a harmonic profile with well distributed harmonic power (no harmonic possesses significant magnitude and hence no filtering is required). This paper proposes a chaos-based PWM (CPWM) strategy, which utilizes a chaotically changing switching frequency to spread the harmonics continuously to a wideband and to reduce the peak harmonics to a great extent. This can be an effective way to suppress the current harmonics and torque ripple in induction motor drives. The proposed CPWM scheme is simulated using MATLAB / SIMULINK software and implemented in three phase voltage source inverter (VSI) using field programmable gate array (FPGA).
This document analyzes anti-vibration mounts (AVMs) used to isolate engine vibrations from the base frame in diesel generator sets. It summarizes analytical, computer-aided engineering (CAE), and experimental results comparing rubber and neoprene mounts. Analytical calculations show neoprene provides higher isolation (>95%) than rubber (>84%). CAE frequency response analysis also indicates neoprene better shifts peak vibrations away from operating speeds. Experimental testing of actual engine confirms analytical and CAE results, showing neoprene reduces vibrations by 93.4% versus 89.7% for rubber, well below standards. The study concludes neoprene material provides better vibration isolation for AVMs compared to rubber.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Design of Semi-Automatic Vibration Absorber by using FEAIRJET Journal
This document describes the design of a semi-automatic dual mass vibration absorber using finite element analysis. The dual mass vibration absorber uses two movable masses that can be tuned to reduce vibrations by moving the masses in or out. Modal analysis using finite elements was conducted to analyze the vibration modes of the absorber. The analysis showed the natural frequencies and mode shapes changed as the mass positions along the rods were varied. The dual mass vibration absorber was found to be effective at reducing beam vibrations around the attachment point and elsewhere by tuning the absorber's frequency through mass positioning.
Design, Optimization and Analysis of a Radial Active Magnetic Bearing for Vib...ijtsrd
The most important aim of the project is to make use of the active vibration control technique to reduce vibration in composite shaft system using three nodded beam element. The fiber reinforced polymer FRP composite shaft is deliberate in this paper considering it as a Timoshenko beam. Three dissimilar isotropic rigid disks are mounted on it and also supported by two active magnetic bearings at its split ends. The work involves finite element, vibration and rotor dynamic analysis of the structure. Rotary inertia effect, gyroscopic effect kinetic energy and strain energy of the shaft are derived and studied. The governing equation is obtained by applying Hamilton's principle using finite element method in which four degrees of freedom at each node is considered. Active control scheme is applied through magnetic bearings by using a controller containing low pass filter, notch filter, sensor and amplifier which controls the current and correspondingly control the stability of the whole rotor shaft system. Campbell diagram, steadiness limit speed diagram and logarithmic decrement diagram are considered to establish the system stability. Effect of different types of stacking sequences are also studied and compared Jay Krishn Yadav | H. S. Sahu ""Design, Optimization and Analysis of a Radial Active Magnetic Bearing for Vibration Control"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd24040.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/24040/design-optimization-and-analysis-of-a-radial-active-magnetic-bearing-for-vibration-control/jay-krishn-yadav
Optimal design of a vibration absorber harvester dynamic systemeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Experimental analysis of cam roller of internal combustion engine by change i...IAEME Publication
Most of the IC engines used in the market have roller cam and follower mechanisms, having a line contact between the cam and the roller follower. In a effort to improve the mechanical
efficiency of the mechanism the company requires us to change the line contact to a point contact. Hence it is required to change the flat roller follower to a curved profile. The existing cam & follower mechanisms used in Internal Combustion engines have a line contact between them causing frictional losses.
This document discusses active magnetic bearings (AMBs). It provides background on AMBs, explaining that they support rotating machinery without physical contact using electromagnetic forces controlled by sensors and electronics. The document then describes the basic components and working principles of AMB systems, including electromagnets, position sensors, and control systems that use feedback to maintain the rotor's position. It explains that AMBs offer benefits over traditional bearings like reduced friction, vibration, and maintenance needs. However, it notes that AMB systems are more complex and expensive to implement initially.
The document discusses stress analysis and durability studies of spur gears using finite element analysis tools. It outlines how FEA can be used to model contact stresses and bending stresses in gears to better understand gear failure from factors like pitting. The analysis aims to reduce transmission error and thereby noise generated by more accurately predicting stresses, stiffness, and life of gears.
The document compares different ANN algorithms for detecting the saturation level in the magnetic core of a welding transformer. Four algorithms are evaluated: Resilient Backpropagation, Gradient Descent, Levenberg-Marquardt, and Bayesian Regularization. The algorithms are assessed based on computational time, error, gradient, and complexity. Detecting saturation is important to prevent current spikes that could shut down the welding system. An ANN uses the primary current as input to identify spikes and control the flux density to prevent saturation and overcurrent.
Similar to ANALYSIS OF BALL BEARING THROUGH FEM (20)
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMHODECEDSIET
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.