Fieldbus system has been established as a communication network, used to connect field devices such as sensors, transduser,controller,man machine interface.Currently a large number of global fieldbus standards are available for consumers.Citation of different types of field bus present an analytical review of various fieldbus systemthat how to gather the data from various equipment distributed far away from each other in the field with reduced wiring and cabling requirement, those are the basic components of communication system. This work also discuss about FPGA based PROFIBUS communication board. It proposes the alternative solution to complexity of communication system and devise it more reliable, high integral and transmission efficient.
Controller Area Network is an ideal serial bus design suitable for modern embedded system based networks. It finds its use in most of critical applications, where error detection and subsequent treatment on error is a critical issue. CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) block was developed on FPGA in order to meet the needs for simple, low power and low cost wireless communication. This paper gives a short overview of CRC block in the Digital transmitter based on the CAN 2.0 protocols. CRC is the most preferred method of encoding because it provides very efficient protection against commonly occurring burst errors, and is easily implemented. This technique is also sometimes applied to data storage devices, such as a disk drive. In this paper a technique to model the error detection circuitry of CAN 2.0 protocols on reconfigurable platform have been discussed? The software simulation results are presented in the form of timing diagram.FPGA implementation results shows that the circuitry requires very small amount of digital hardware. The Purpose of the research is to diversify the design methods by using VHDL code entry through Modelsim 5.5e simulator and Xilinx ISE8.3i.The VHDL code is used to characterize the CRC block behavior which is then simulated, synthesized and successfully implemented on Sparten3 FPGA .Here, Simulation and Synthesized results are also presented to verify the functionality of the CRC -16 Block. The data rate of CRC block is 250 kbps .Estimated power consumption and maximum operating frequency of the circuitry is also provided.
The Performance Evaluation of IEEE 802.16 Physical Layer in the Basis of Bit ...IJCI JOURNAL
Fixed Broadband Wireless Access is a promising technology which can offer high speed data rate from transmitting end to customer end which can offer high speed text, voice, and video data. IEEE 802.16 WirelessMAN is a standard that specifies medium access control layer and a set of PHY layer to fixed and mobile BWA in broad range of frequencies and it supports equipment manufacturers due to its robust performance in multipath environment. Consequently WiMAX forum has adopted this version to develop the network world wide. In this paper the performance of IEEE 802.16 OFDM PHY Layer has been investigated by using the simulation model in Matlab. The Stanford University Interim (SUI) channel models are selected for the performance evaluation of this standard. The Ideal Channel estimation is considered in this work and the performance evaluation is observed in the basis of BER.
Communication Protocols Augmentation in VLSI Design ApplicationsIJERA Editor
With the advancement in communication System, the use of various protocols got a sharp rise in the different applications. Especially in the VLSI design for FPGAs, ASICS, CPLDs, the application areas got expanded to FPGA based technologies. Today, it has moved from commercial application to the defence sectors like missiles & aerospace controls. In this paper the use of FPGAs and its interface with various application circuits in the communication field for data (textual & visual) & control transfer is discussed. To be specific, the paper discusses the use of FPGA in various communication protocols like SPI, I2C, and TMDS in synchronous mode in Digital System Design using VHDL/Verilog.
Controller Area Network is an ideal serial bus design suitable for modern embedded system based networks. It finds its use in most of critical applications, where error detection and subsequent treatment on error is a critical issue. CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) block was developed on FPGA in order to meet the needs for simple, low power and low cost wireless communication. This paper gives a short overview of CRC block in the Digital transmitter based on the CAN 2.0 protocols. CRC is the most preferred method of encoding because it provides very efficient protection against commonly occurring burst errors, and is easily implemented. This technique is also sometimes applied to data storage devices, such as a disk drive. In this paper a technique to model the error detection circuitry of CAN 2.0 protocols on reconfigurable platform have been discussed? The software simulation results are presented in the form of timing diagram.FPGA implementation results shows that the circuitry requires very small amount of digital hardware. The Purpose of the research is to diversify the design methods by using VHDL code entry through Modelsim 5.5e simulator and Xilinx ISE8.3i.The VHDL code is used to characterize the CRC block behavior which is then simulated, synthesized and successfully implemented on Sparten3 FPGA .Here, Simulation and Synthesized results are also presented to verify the functionality of the CRC -16 Block. The data rate of CRC block is 250 kbps .Estimated power consumption and maximum operating frequency of the circuitry is also provided.
The Performance Evaluation of IEEE 802.16 Physical Layer in the Basis of Bit ...IJCI JOURNAL
Fixed Broadband Wireless Access is a promising technology which can offer high speed data rate from transmitting end to customer end which can offer high speed text, voice, and video data. IEEE 802.16 WirelessMAN is a standard that specifies medium access control layer and a set of PHY layer to fixed and mobile BWA in broad range of frequencies and it supports equipment manufacturers due to its robust performance in multipath environment. Consequently WiMAX forum has adopted this version to develop the network world wide. In this paper the performance of IEEE 802.16 OFDM PHY Layer has been investigated by using the simulation model in Matlab. The Stanford University Interim (SUI) channel models are selected for the performance evaluation of this standard. The Ideal Channel estimation is considered in this work and the performance evaluation is observed in the basis of BER.
Communication Protocols Augmentation in VLSI Design ApplicationsIJERA Editor
With the advancement in communication System, the use of various protocols got a sharp rise in the different applications. Especially in the VLSI design for FPGAs, ASICS, CPLDs, the application areas got expanded to FPGA based technologies. Today, it has moved from commercial application to the defence sectors like missiles & aerospace controls. In this paper the use of FPGAs and its interface with various application circuits in the communication field for data (textual & visual) & control transfer is discussed. To be specific, the paper discusses the use of FPGA in various communication protocols like SPI, I2C, and TMDS in synchronous mode in Digital System Design using VHDL/Verilog.
Enabling 5G X-Haul with Deterministic Ethernet - A TransPacket whitepaperIvar Søvold
Transpacket (www.transpacket.com) explores the concept of Ethernet X-Haul in a newly released whitepaper. Discussed extensively in the mobile industry in connection with 5G, the idea is to have an Ethernet based converged transport network serving multiple purposes including fronthaul and backhaul. The whitepaper presents the RAN architectures under consideration for 5G, and their consequences in terms of requirements for the transport network. It further describes how an innovative Ethernet scheduling mechanism is required to support deterministic Ethernet, and to fully achieve an 5G Ethernet X-Haul. It also introduces two use cases, namely Ethernet Crosshaul, and Indoor Coverage, which demonstrate the added value of deterministic Ethernet for mobile transport applications.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Serial interface module for ethernet based applicationseSAT Journals
Abstract The introduction of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) which includes thousands of logic gates has made it feasible to prove specific software function on the particular hardware. This reduces the design time and the execution time and makes the embedded system to respond faster as a real time system. This paper serial interface module for Ethernet based Applications deals with the Study and the implementation of the Tri-mode Ethernet Media access control (TEMAC) which is present in the FPGA core. The Virtex-5 FPGA supports the 10Mbps, 100Mbps as well as 1000Mbps but in this paper contains the implementation of 1000Mbps (1Gigabit bits per second) data transfer rate. This project basically deals with communication established between the FPGA core and the PC. The IP core is interfaced with its transceiver module and communicated to the PC using Ethernet medium. The communication established is verified by interfacing the FIFO and the UART VHDL codes to the TEMAC IP core present on the Virtex-5 FPGA. The result at each module is verified on the Chipscope pro analyzer and the packet transmitted from FPGA to the PC is verified on the Wireshark software. Key Words: FPGA, Ethernet, TEMAC core , and Gigabit.
Best strategy to control data on internet-of-robotic-things in heterogeneous ...IJECEIAES
The control and transmission of huge data constitute an immense challenge in various types of networks (wired and wireless). Congestion caused by the high traffic and low throughput of huge data continues to be major problems in a heterogeneous platforms such as internet of things (IoT) technology and internet-of-robotic-things (IoRT). The heterogeneous network requires new models and mechanisms to deal with the increased challenges posed by IoT and IoRT. Accordingly, eliminating the issues that emerge has compelled finding improved solutions as a new strategy. This study proposed a new strategy called routing information and distance vector (RIDV) to create the best improvement of a heterogeneous network. The RIDV strategy activates the routing information protocol (RIPv2) on a router in wire network parallel with the ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) protocol on the wireless network. The RIDV strategy is used to solve the problems of the diversity of heterogeneous networks as the basis of the infrastructure IoRT technology. Hence, this strategy can reduce or avoid congestion through the use of enhanced and effective best routing protocols. Simulation results using OPNET show that the proposed method improved the quality of service (QoS) compared with other related strategies and AODV and RIPv1 protocols in terms of data drop, traffic drop, queue delay, and throughput.
Performance Improvement of IEEE 802.22 WRAN Physical LayerIOSR Journals
The spectrum available for the wireless services is limited, the increased demand of wireless
application has put a lot of limitations on the utilization of available radio spectrum. For the efficient spectrum
utilization for wireless application IEEE 802.22 standard i.e. WRAN (Wireless Regional Area Network) is
developed which is based on cognitive radio technique that senses the free available spectrum. It allows sharing
of geographically unused channels allocated to the TV Broadcast Service, without interference.
In this paper we are evaluating the performance of WRAN over physical layer with QPSK, 16-QAM
and 64-QAM modulation with Convolution coding with code rate of 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6 and obtaining the BER
curves for rician channel. Simulation is performed in MATLAB
Multi-layer heterogeneous network layout including small cell base stations are considered to be the key to further enhancements of the spectral efficiency achieved in mobile communication networks. It has been recognized that inter-cell interference has become the limiting factor when trying to achieve not only high average user satisfaction, but a high degree of satisfaction for as many users as possible. Therefore, inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) lies in the focus of researchers defining next generation mobile communication standards, such as LTE-A.
Building upon [1], this paper provides an overview over the background calling for ICIC in heterogeneous LTE-A networks. It outlines techniques standardized in Rel. 10 of LTE-A, discusses them showing their benefits and limitations by means of system-level simulations and motivates the importance of self optimizing network (SON) procedures for ICIC in LTE-A.
An Investigation on Standards and Applications of Signalling System No.7IJRES Journal
Signaling system 7 (SS7) is the standard communication system that has been used to control public telephone networks since 1980s. Also to control the GSM network (for related and not related circuit signal), SS7 technology later offers advanced intelligent network features.SS7 network are now interconnecting with and operating on Internet data network (SS7 over IP). Based on signaling system- No.7 , a device named REMOTE CONTROL OBSERVER has been developed. The purpose of this device is to start, switch off, open, lock, break down and display the location of the vehicle on the electronic map which is fixed inside it; also it enables the Security Department to locate the place and direction of vehicle inside the GSM Network. The device is consists of a screen (displays the electronic map), and a box consists of a device similar to the cellular phone (with few differences ) , batteries and electronic circuit used to break down the electrical circuit of the vehicle ,where the device is subscribed with the GSM Network. The main advantage of this device is to use the available technologies and applications with adding and amending some of the programs and tasks for cellular phone and using the data base of the Home Location Register (HLR) and Visitor Location Register (VLR) by connecting a terminal to enable the user to search for any vehicle.
Enabling 5G X-Haul with Deterministic Ethernet - A TransPacket whitepaperIvar Søvold
Transpacket (www.transpacket.com) explores the concept of Ethernet X-Haul in a newly released whitepaper. Discussed extensively in the mobile industry in connection with 5G, the idea is to have an Ethernet based converged transport network serving multiple purposes including fronthaul and backhaul. The whitepaper presents the RAN architectures under consideration for 5G, and their consequences in terms of requirements for the transport network. It further describes how an innovative Ethernet scheduling mechanism is required to support deterministic Ethernet, and to fully achieve an 5G Ethernet X-Haul. It also introduces two use cases, namely Ethernet Crosshaul, and Indoor Coverage, which demonstrate the added value of deterministic Ethernet for mobile transport applications.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Serial interface module for ethernet based applicationseSAT Journals
Abstract The introduction of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) which includes thousands of logic gates has made it feasible to prove specific software function on the particular hardware. This reduces the design time and the execution time and makes the embedded system to respond faster as a real time system. This paper serial interface module for Ethernet based Applications deals with the Study and the implementation of the Tri-mode Ethernet Media access control (TEMAC) which is present in the FPGA core. The Virtex-5 FPGA supports the 10Mbps, 100Mbps as well as 1000Mbps but in this paper contains the implementation of 1000Mbps (1Gigabit bits per second) data transfer rate. This project basically deals with communication established between the FPGA core and the PC. The IP core is interfaced with its transceiver module and communicated to the PC using Ethernet medium. The communication established is verified by interfacing the FIFO and the UART VHDL codes to the TEMAC IP core present on the Virtex-5 FPGA. The result at each module is verified on the Chipscope pro analyzer and the packet transmitted from FPGA to the PC is verified on the Wireshark software. Key Words: FPGA, Ethernet, TEMAC core , and Gigabit.
Best strategy to control data on internet-of-robotic-things in heterogeneous ...IJECEIAES
The control and transmission of huge data constitute an immense challenge in various types of networks (wired and wireless). Congestion caused by the high traffic and low throughput of huge data continues to be major problems in a heterogeneous platforms such as internet of things (IoT) technology and internet-of-robotic-things (IoRT). The heterogeneous network requires new models and mechanisms to deal with the increased challenges posed by IoT and IoRT. Accordingly, eliminating the issues that emerge has compelled finding improved solutions as a new strategy. This study proposed a new strategy called routing information and distance vector (RIDV) to create the best improvement of a heterogeneous network. The RIDV strategy activates the routing information protocol (RIPv2) on a router in wire network parallel with the ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) protocol on the wireless network. The RIDV strategy is used to solve the problems of the diversity of heterogeneous networks as the basis of the infrastructure IoRT technology. Hence, this strategy can reduce or avoid congestion through the use of enhanced and effective best routing protocols. Simulation results using OPNET show that the proposed method improved the quality of service (QoS) compared with other related strategies and AODV and RIPv1 protocols in terms of data drop, traffic drop, queue delay, and throughput.
Performance Improvement of IEEE 802.22 WRAN Physical LayerIOSR Journals
The spectrum available for the wireless services is limited, the increased demand of wireless
application has put a lot of limitations on the utilization of available radio spectrum. For the efficient spectrum
utilization for wireless application IEEE 802.22 standard i.e. WRAN (Wireless Regional Area Network) is
developed which is based on cognitive radio technique that senses the free available spectrum. It allows sharing
of geographically unused channels allocated to the TV Broadcast Service, without interference.
In this paper we are evaluating the performance of WRAN over physical layer with QPSK, 16-QAM
and 64-QAM modulation with Convolution coding with code rate of 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6 and obtaining the BER
curves for rician channel. Simulation is performed in MATLAB
Multi-layer heterogeneous network layout including small cell base stations are considered to be the key to further enhancements of the spectral efficiency achieved in mobile communication networks. It has been recognized that inter-cell interference has become the limiting factor when trying to achieve not only high average user satisfaction, but a high degree of satisfaction for as many users as possible. Therefore, inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) lies in the focus of researchers defining next generation mobile communication standards, such as LTE-A.
Building upon [1], this paper provides an overview over the background calling for ICIC in heterogeneous LTE-A networks. It outlines techniques standardized in Rel. 10 of LTE-A, discusses them showing their benefits and limitations by means of system-level simulations and motivates the importance of self optimizing network (SON) procedures for ICIC in LTE-A.
An Investigation on Standards and Applications of Signalling System No.7IJRES Journal
Signaling system 7 (SS7) is the standard communication system that has been used to control public telephone networks since 1980s. Also to control the GSM network (for related and not related circuit signal), SS7 technology later offers advanced intelligent network features.SS7 network are now interconnecting with and operating on Internet data network (SS7 over IP). Based on signaling system- No.7 , a device named REMOTE CONTROL OBSERVER has been developed. The purpose of this device is to start, switch off, open, lock, break down and display the location of the vehicle on the electronic map which is fixed inside it; also it enables the Security Department to locate the place and direction of vehicle inside the GSM Network. The device is consists of a screen (displays the electronic map), and a box consists of a device similar to the cellular phone (with few differences ) , batteries and electronic circuit used to break down the electrical circuit of the vehicle ,where the device is subscribed with the GSM Network. The main advantage of this device is to use the available technologies and applications with adding and amending some of the programs and tasks for cellular phone and using the data base of the Home Location Register (HLR) and Visitor Location Register (VLR) by connecting a terminal to enable the user to search for any vehicle.
Comparative study of various voip applications in 802.11 a wireless network s...ijmnct
Today, Voice over Wireless Local Area Network (VOWLAN) is the most accepted Internet application.
There are a large number of literatures regarding the performance of various WLAN networks. Most of
them focus on simulations and modeling, but there are also some experiments with real networks. This
paper explains the comparison of performance of two different VOIP (Voice over Internet Protocol)
applications over the same IEEE 802.11a wireless network. Radio link standard 802.11a have maximum
transmission rate of 54Mbps. First protocol is session initiation protocol (SIP) and second is H.323
protocol. First one has an agent called SIP proxy. Second have a gateway reflects the characteristics of a
Switched Circuit Network (SCN). With this comparison we have required to obtain a better understanding
of wireless network suitability for voice communication in IP network.
Towards achieving-high-performance-in-5g-mobile-packet-cores-user-plane-functionEiko Seidel
White Paper Intel SK Telekom
This paper presents the architecture for a user plane function (UPF) in the mobile packet core (MPC) targeting 5G deployments.
A Survey on Vehicle to Infrastructure Communication SystemIOSR Journals
Abstract: Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) Communications for Safety is the wireless exchange of critical safety
and operational data between vehicles and roadway infrastructure, intended primarily to avoid motor vehicle
crashes. Vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication based on wireless local area network (WLAN) IEEE
802.11 standard technology can support user in-motion to achieve preferable Internet connectivity. This
standard is created for urgent short message transmission.The IEEE 802.11 standard defines an infracture
mode with at least one central access point connected to a wired network. In this paper we present an
experimental study of IEEE802.11g using off-the-shelf devices in vehicle-to-infrastructure small scale scenario.
In order to evaluate the V2I the type of communication in large scale scenario and intelligent transportation
systems (ITS) will necessitate wireless vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communica-tions. This wireless link can
be implemented by several technolo-gies, such as digital broadcasting, cellular communication, or dedicated
short range communication (DSRC) systems. Analyses of the coverage and capacity requirements are presented
when each of the three systems are used to implement the V2I link
Keywords: Short Range Vehicle Network; 802.11g; wireless network; goodput; network performance;
transport; mobile stations; auto traffic; vehicle speed
ARINC 664: A remote computing system that interacts back and forth with a network to which it is connected is known as an end system.
To know more about “End System Design Parameters of the ARINC 664 part 7”, click on the link https://www.logic-fruit.com/blog/arinc-standard/arinc-664-part-7/
About Logic Fruit Technologies
Logic Fruit Technologies is a product engineering R&D & consulting services provider for embedded systems and application development. We provide end-to-end solutions from the conception of the idea and design to the finished product. We have been servicing customers globally for over a decade.
The company has specific experience in various fields, such as
-FPGA Design & hardware design
-RTL IP Design
-A variety of digital protocols
-Communication buses as1G, 10G Ethernet
-PCIe
-DIGRF
-STM16/64
-HDMI.
Logic Fruit Technologies is also an expert in developing,
-software-defined radio (SDR) IPs
-Encryption
-Signal generation
-Data analysis, and
-Multiple Image Processing Techniques.
Recently Logic Fruit technologies are also exploring FPGA acceleration on data centers for real-time data processing.
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Interested to view more Slide Shares, Click on the below links,
https://www.slideshare.net/LogicFruit/compute-express-link-cxl-everything-you-ought-to-know
https://www.slideshare.net/LogicFruit/a-designers-practical-guide-to-arinc-429-standard-3pptx
https://www.slideshare.net/LogicFruit/a-swift-introduction-to-milstd
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https://www.slideshare.net/LogicFruit/afdx
Implementation model architecture software defined network using raspberry Pi...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Software defined network (SDN) made with basic concepts that are different from traditional networks in controlling the network, the separation between the control layer and forwarding layer on different devices allows the administrator to adjust the control plan for all devices centralized in one action, while in traditional network, the control and forwarding layers are located in the infrastructure making network administrator must manage devices one by one. Research using single board computers on network technology provides an opportunity to implement SDN architecture. Raspberry Pi has sufficient ability. QoS results meet the ITU-T G.1010 reference which indicates that Raspberry Pi can be used on designed networks.
One of the most attractive field for research for researchers and authors so the Wireless adhoc networks.
So, this paper will describe the background and basic features of Open Short Path First (OSPF) routing
protocol due to multi-access networks. Explaining and practice on the OSPF configuration commands.
Describe, modify and calculate the metric (Cost) used by OSPF due to adhoc networks. Illustrating the
Election parameters made by DR/BDR (Designated and Back Designated) Routers used in multi-access
wireless networks. This paper will use OSPF routing protocol because of its average administrative
distance with all routing protocols.
Wi MAX Deinter leaver’s Address Generation Unit through FPGA Implementationijceronline
The IEEE 802.16 standard, commonly known as WiMAX has broadband wirelessaccess over long distance. WiMAX has evolved from 802.16 to 802.16d for fixedwireless access and IEEE 802.16e standard is for mobility support. WiMAX Forumcreated the name "WiMAX". The forum describes WiMAX as "a standards-based technology enabling the delivery of last mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL". WiMAX is similar to Wi-Fi, but it can enable usage at much larger scale and at faster speeds [1]. Inorder to minimize the effect of burst error, the channel interleaver/deinterleaver employed in the WiMAX transreceiver is used. The channel interleaver/deinterleaver consists of two memory blocks and an address generator. The objective of this project is to implement an area and delay efficient circuitry for address generator for WiMAX 2- D Deinterleaver using the Xilinx FPGA for all permissible code rates and modulation schemes. This project also build up a generalized circuit for all permissible Ncbps without manual computation of column number.
Design and Evaluation of MAC Protocol Strategies Techniques in Wireless Ad Ho...ijtsrd
Wireless communication has become a core part of modern communication technology. The Infrastructure less wireless network, commonly referred to as Ad Hoc networks, has attracted extensive research interest for past 30 years. In this work, the focus is on IEEE 802.11 network performance analysis of Multihop hop Ad Hoc networks under non-saturated network conditions. To meet the increasing demand of multimedia, it is necessary to provide the quality of service in such networks. The current work presents the development of an analytical model for network performance analysis. The medium access mechanism in multihop wireless networks should minimize collisions, and take care of the hidden and exposed node problems. The IEEE 802.11 MAC with Distributed Coordination Function DCF does not scale well in such networks. We introduce Point Coordination Function PCF in the region of high traffic areas, and discuss its effect on network performance. To improve network scalability and throughput, we propose the design of a new MAC called Dual MAC. This work discusses architecture and working of the dual MAC in detail. Performance results of the network using dual MAC are presented, and compared with that of pure DCF operation. Prince Kumar | Rashmi Raj "Design and Evaluation of MAC Protocol Strategies Techniques in Wireless Ad Hoc Network" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18446.pdf
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1. International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science (IJAEMS) [Vol-3, Issue-3, Mar- 2017]
https://dx.doi.org/10.24001/ijaems.3.3.15 ISSN: 2454-1311
www.ijaems.com Page | 238
Analysis and Survey of FPGA Based PROFIBUS
Board
Nishat Anjum1
, Sunil Shah2
1
M.Tech Research Scholar [Embedded System & VLSI Design], Dept. of ECE, Gyan Ganga Institute of Technology
& Sciences, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
2
Asst. Professor, Dept. of ECE, Gyan Ganga Institute of Technology & Sciences , Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
Abstract—Fieldbus system has been established as a
communication network, used to connect field devices
such as sensors, transduser,controller,man machine
interface.Currently a large number of global fieldbus
standards are available for consumers.Citation of
different types of field bus present an analytical review of
various fieldbus systemthat how to gather the data from
various equipment distributed far away from each other
in the field with reduced wiring and cabling requirement,
those are the basic components of communication system.
This work also discuss about FPGA based PROFIBUS
communication board. It proposes the alternative solution
to complexity of communication system and devise it more
reliable, high integral and transmission efficient.
Keywords—Fieldbus, FPGA, OSI, PROFIBUS, Xilinx.
I. INTRODUCTION
Fieldbus is termed to set of network protocol of industrial
computer that is applied for real time control. In order to
compare different fieldbus system, it is necessary to
understand the operation of their predecessor and
different communication aspects. This can be evaluated
with the OSI reference model that was published in 1984
as the international standard reference model of open
systems interconnection (OSI).It is commonly said that
fieldbus utilizes only three layers of the OSI model viz.
physical layer, data link layer and application layer.
The benefits of the fieldbus approach to inter-device
communication in an industrial environment include
lower costs, as a result of multiple point to point links that
are replaced by a shared bus and the enhancement of the
performance of the field device by removing the demand
for central computing. The lower cost of fieldbus and the
evolution of this technology have led to fieldbus gaining
more popularity in communication between any type of
controller and controlled devices where point to point
links and analogue signals were traditionally used. Table
draws a comparison between Fieldbus systems and other
networks.
II. PROFIBUS
PROFIBUS is a standard for automation technology. It
was first developed in 1989 in Germany. The PROFIBUS
Industrial field bus is used to connect controller to remote
input and output units, sensors, actuator and inter
networking component.PROFIBUS or field bus is an
open digital communication system with a wide range of
application particularly in the field of factory and process
automation. PROFIBUS is suitable for both complex
communication taskand time-critical applications.
The application of PROFIBUS include factory
automation, drives and motion control, process
automation and safety critical application. There are three
types of variations used in PROFIBUS. First PROFIBUS
DP is used for high speed data communication requiredin
factory automation and building automation. Second,
PROFIBUS FMS is used for object oriented and general
purpose data communication in the cell and field
level.Third, PROFIBUS-PAmeets the requirements of the
process industry and offers applications for intrinsic
safety and non intrinsic safety area and powering the field
devices over the bus.
PROFIBUS enhances efficiency of communication
system by connecting a number of nodes over a single
connection. This single connection not only eliminates the
need for dedicated wiring for each node. It also allows
reduced complexity, reduced investment and easier
2. International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science (IJAEMS) [Vol-3, Issue-3, Mar- 2017]
https://dx.doi.org/10.24001/ijaems.3.3.15 ISSN: 2454-1311
www.ijaems.com Page | 239
deployment.PROFIBUS communication technology has
multiple protocols such as PROFIBUS DP and
PROFIBUS PA that are used depending upon the
application requirement. The following features are the
reason for choosing PROFIBUS:
Low comparative cost
Open standard
Up to 12 Mbps data transfer rate
Up to 126 devices per segment
RS485 physical layer
Up to 244 bytes of data per transmission
Hamming distance 4
III. PROPOSED APPROACH FOR THE PROFIBUS
CONTROLLER BOARD
According to proposed approach PROFIBUS
communication controller board will be implemented on
Xilinx FPGA. An FPGA is an array of bit processing
units whose function and interconnection can be
programmed after manufacturing .With the aim of high
flexibility, FPGA is chosen to implement the PROFIBUS
protocol. The development of a Profibus protocol for
FPGA will empower PROFIBUS users and developers to
manufacture user specific and cost effective PROFIBUS
design. The PROFIBUS design can easily be
reprogrammed in order to meet the requirement of a new
user or to update the PROFIBUS standard.
Fig.1: Block diagram of Profibus controller board
The PROFIBUS controller board can be designed in
VHDL and implemented on the Xilinx FPGA. The
VHDL based programming skills will be established by
an introductory course and VHDL literature. The
implementation of VHDL based profibus controller board
is made by design-entry, synthesis, simulation and
programming of FPGA with the Xilinx ISE 12.4 design
suit. Impact for loading programming FPGA through
JTAG. Once the design meets the PROFIBUS
requirement and specification, the design will be extended
to meet the requirement of the VME BUS.
The VME BUS specification defines an interfacing
system that is used to interconnect the data processing,
data storage and peripheral control devices in a closely
coupled hardware configuration. The board has been
designed with the following objectives
To allow the communication between VME
interfaced devices independent of each other.
To specify protocol that precisely defines the
interaction between the VME bus and devices.
To provide a system where performance is
primarily device limited, rather than system
interface limited.
In this paper, it is suggested to implement a PROFIBUS
controller board with Master –Slave. It is a bidirectional
network meaning that one device, i.e. a master, sends a
request to a slave and the slave respond to that request. It
supports three layer of ISO/OSI model namely physical
layer, data link layer and application layer. In a
PROFIBUS communication controller board, physical
layerrequired for data transmission andimplemented using
FPGA and associated circuitry. Data link layer will
beimplemented using FPGA and associated circuitry .It
can be configured to be used as a master or a slave.
It provides two types of Services FDL (Field Data Link
Layer) andFMA1/2 (Field bus Management layer 1
&2).Application layer will be implemented on VME Bus
compatible 68000/68040 based board running on RTOS
OS-9,Which act as FDL and FMA1/2 user.
IV. EXPECTED OUTCOMES FROM THE
PROPOSED BOARD
Through studies and analysis, the hardware and the
system proposed, seeking to follow and achieve the aim
andis expected to successfully follow and complete the
following steps for getting an end module to serve as
PROFIBUS communication controller board. These steps
areto be generated various modules using VHDL coding
then simulation of coding by generating test benches to
test.
Integration of all VHDL programs in a single unit
and check the functionality of profibus protocol.
Hardware development of PROFIBUS Controller
Board using FPGA by programming it.
To implement FDL services tested with 68040 and
68000 based CPU boards as FDL user.
Porting of the developed PROFIBUS protocol on
the board and testing of the hardware circuitry for
its full functionalities.