An Imageability of Heritage core in Walled city of Jammu | Ar. Lokakshi Gandotra | AIF S1E9

An Imageability of Heritage core of
Walled city of Jammu
Jammu
“The city Of temples”

Introduction
Historic cities are authentic representation of rich
Architectural and Cultural Heritage.
Following evolution of Human generations.
A major threat due to rapid urbanization changed the perception
of cities.
Meeting the need for more facilities ,
Development for managing the high density in the central core

 This leads to haphazard developments
 Within the city core,
 Change in land use
 Encroachments.
 The city basically transforms its originality and
succumbs to the demand of economic forces.
 So, the joy and pleasure of watching the Architectural imagery
and organization of spaces is totally lost.

KELVIN LYNCH SAYS
" LOOKING AT CITIES CAN GIVE A SPECIAL PLEASURE"
AND
"NOTHING IS EXPERIENCED BY ITSELF BUT ALWAYS IN
RELATION TO ITS SURROUNDINGS.
The sequences of event leading up to it, the memory of
past experiences, every citizen has hold long associations
with some part of his city and his image is soaked in
memories and meanings"

 ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE
It gives a holistic experience and rejuvenates a sense of
pride amongst the residents.
Tool for urban renewal and pattern of the city.
Act as a sustainable model
Need to addresses heritage conservation issues related to
the city

Urban Pattern
Elements of Human Settlement
BUILDINGS

Relationships between social, economic and physical
environments
Factors Influencing Urban Form as traditional settlements were
shaped by (Lozano, 1990):
 the way in which nature and man-made features satisfy needs
for protection and defense.
 the way in which physical and economic landscape allows for
communication with other regions.
 the way in which the topography of a site suggests the
construction of a human settlement.
 the way in which climate leads to building solutions
Urban Pattern

 Traditional cities have used physical forms to interpret cultural
and religious beliefs (Lozano, 1990).
For example, a hill top site was the utilitarian response to any
important building - a fort or a religious building. These
features contributed to a particular urban and social pattern.
Example of Jaipur

Weinstein (1974) made an attempt to produce a
conceptual model for the social segregation of an
Indian city.
He postulated three dimensions as-
 Socioeconomic dimension symbolized by the bazaar
 Political dimension represented by an
administrative symbol
 Prestige dimension derived from the religious
function of a temple
Urban Pattern Of Indian Cities

Varanasi
Chandigarh
Jaipur
Hyderabad

Jammu
•Second largest city in the
state, winter capital of state.
•Foothills of Shivallik, Trikuta
range to the northwest.
•600 km away from the
National capital (Delhi) and
about 290 km from summer
capital (Srinagar) of the State.
Regional Connectivity

Jammu, “the city of temples”
•Located on both the banks of
the River Tawi.
•The old city is situated on a
hillock on the right bank of
River Tawi.
•The old city area constitutes the
highly congested and thickly
populated with a variety of
zones.
•

•All economic, social, government
and cultural activities are
concentrated in old city, on one hand
and many unauthorized housing
colonies have mushroomed, on the
other hand, in the old city.
• The pattern of development is
such that there is no scope of
further development in this area on
the basis of standard planning
policies and controls.
Urban Pattern

Imageability of City
 Quality of a physical object to evoke a sense of image in an observer.
 Represents the form of the city.
 Ability of an environment to evoke a mental image.
 Lynch defined a method of analyzing legibility based on five
elements: paths, edges, districts, nodes and landmarks.
Elements of city by Kevin Lynch

 The accessibility criteria of the urban form and it depends
within any area of a city .
 The Paths in core city of Jammu are named as Raghunath
Bazaar linked to Kanak Mandi and Residency road
which connects to B.C road towards Mubharak Mandi
Palace complex.
PATHS

Cross section of bazaar
Kanak Mandi
Raghunath Bazaar
Gummat steps
Residency road

 Common identifying character.
 The character can be Typical Architectural features of the
bazaar
 In Walled city of Jammu,
 The elements usually found above the road were a Sabat, a
room bridging the street,
 Arches spanning between walls on either side of the street.
 Wooden balconies
DISTRICTS

 Junctions, crossing or convergence of paths.
 In old walled city of Jammu, Chowks are nodes where smaller narrow lanes
meet the main street of the mohalla at the end of a street or bazaar, serving as
common meeting place for local community.
 Major Chowks of the city are Raghunath chowk (junction of
intersection of Gummat Bazaar, Raghunath bazaar and residency road),
City chowk (connects Raghunath Bazaar to old city hospital road,
Shalimar road and Kanak Mandi) and Shaheedi chowk (connects Kanak
Mandi to Residency Road
NODES

 Prominent places in image ability of city.
 In heritage old walled city of Jammu, the major landmarks
from Gummat Bazaar to Residency road are: Gummat Gate,
Hanuman temple and Laxmi-Narayan Temple in Gummat
Bazar ,Raghunath Temple in Raghunath Bazar, and Mubharak
Mandi Palace Complex is itself a landmark for the area near
Mubharak Mandi Complex.
LANDMARK

Mubharak Mandi Palace: Darbar
Ghar Complex
 300 years old royal
residence of Dogra rulers,
located at high spur near
the Tawi river overlooking
the breathtaking belle view
of the Tawi valley
 Rich and glorious heritage
of the valiant Dogras
inhabiting the vast hilly
territories of Jammu
region.

An overview of Style of Architecture
Though the Architecture is pre-dominantly Hindu, it has interspersed
Islamic influence of Late Mughal period with a blend of modified European
Style and Rajasthan features.
Combination of Rajasthani Features with motifs of Late Mughal period and
European Motifs with Jharokhas and wooden carved balconies

Jharokhas Champhered Corners
Arches

Arcaded Corridors
Domes Courtyards

The Change (Disruption) in
Architectural Character Of city
Royal Architecture before
Picture Taken in Palace complex
Deteriorated Royal Architecture Now
Picture Taken in Raghunath Bazaar

Main issues in the core area are:
 Low area under roads in bazaars due to encroachment
 Excessive congestion due to ribboning of commercial activities along
the roads and lanes.
 Lack of desired open spaces and parks.

 Encouraging pedestrian friendly measures which
would reduce vehicular congestion in the core.
 Cycling and walking can be promoted in these
areas.
 Street furniture, signage, footpaths, drains,
Provision of street Furniture
 To establish network of open spaces and parks
 To make concrete policies for redevelopment of
heritage core of Jammu city
 Buffer and other visual controls to be adopted as
per ancient monuments and archaeological sites
and remains act 1958
Recommendations

Conclusion:
 To maintain the image ability of Old city of Jammu, measures have
to be taken considering all the issues i.e. its Architecture,
Congestion, encroachments, lack of amenities i.e. appropriate
drinking water facility and toilets.
 The increase in population is aggravating the problems
pertaining to the core city and its enhancement should be taken up
as the major aspect for future planning and development.
 There is need of appropriate sustainable methodology to alter
the city so that its image can be maintained for centuries.

"A city is a place that is large enough to
sustain Itself in all its undertakings but
not so large that its inhabitants lose
communication with each other". -
Aristotle

An Imageability of Heritage core in Walled city of Jammu | Ar. Lokakshi Gandotra | AIF S1E9

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An Imageability of Heritage core in Walled city of Jammu | Ar. Lokakshi Gandotra | AIF S1E9