This document discusses the townscapes of three Malaysian cities: Malacca, Georgetown, and Kuala Lumpur. It analyzes the colonial influences on the urban configurations and architecture of Malacca and Georgetown, noting similarities like racial segregation and grid street patterns. Kuala Lumpur's city center emerged around Merdeka Square, with colonial administrative buildings. Jalan Tun H.S. Lee was originally a historical street in Kuala Lumpur, lined with 200 shophouses and three religious buildings. The document examines the colonial impacts and how the cities have evolved over time while retaining historical aspects of their urbanscapes.
The document provides an analysis of the urban form and spatial characteristics of Pasar Seni and Petaling Street in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It begins with an introduction and context about the area's history and development. It then analyzes the figure ground through solid and void, land use, vertical zoning, public-private spaces, building typology, scale, circulation, usability of open spaces, and landscape. Serial vision analyzes views along three streets. It discusses the concept of the "collage city" and Kevin Lynch's five images of the city as they relate to the area. Finally, it analyzes the urban distinctive character through morphology, organization, social fabric, typology, scale, facades
Comparative Essay - Carmen Chan 0326485Carmen Chan
The document provides a comparative analysis of two streets - Jalan Sulaiman and Jalan Tun Abdul Aziz in Kajang, Malaysia and Samcheongdong Street in Seoul, South Korea. It analyzes factors like alleys, outdoor seating, built edges, paths and walkways based on Jan Gehl's theory of urban design. The alley in Samcheongdong Street is found to be more attractive due to its larger size, transparency and direction towards strong cultural destinations. Outdoor seating in both streets is deemed uncomfortable as pedestrians are exposed to surrounding traffic. Overall, the analysis examines how physical design influences human activity and comfort in public spaces.
This document is a student's illustrated essay and cognitive map of Zone B in Brickfields, Kuala Lumpur, analyzing the area through Kevin Lynch's five elements of urban form - paths, edges, districts, nodes, and landmarks. The student maps the zone, identifying how Lynch's elements define it and influence user experiences. Key landmarks include Nu Sentral station and Menara Kembar Bank Rakyat towers, while paths along roads and a distinctive floor texture guide movement. The zone functions as a residential district surrounded by transportation edges and features open spaces.
This document is a comparative analysis essay on two public spaces - Dataran Medan Pasar in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Ta Hien Street in Hanoi, Vietnam. It analyzes the urban form, planning theories, and social activities that have influenced the intensity of social contact in each space. Dataran Medan Pasar was once a vibrant public square but has become fragmented due to urban development that dispersed people and events. Ta Hien Street is a narrow pedestrian street that utilizes compact urban form to integrate activities and assemble people, promoting social interaction. While both have undergone urbanization, Ta Hien Street's centralized development has created an active public realm compared to Dataran Medan Pasar
This document provides details about a student project analyzing the city of Brickfields, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia based on Kevin Lynch's theories of urbanism. The student created a cognitive map of Area C in Brickfields to understand perceptions of the space. The map identifies paths, edges, districts, nodes, and landmarks within Area C, such as the prominent road Jalan Sultan Abdul Samad and edge along the Klang River. The analysis examines the identity and continuity of paths, ambiguous boundaries, and notable landmarks like churches to understand emerging urbanism in Brickfields.
The document provides a comparative analysis of Kota Tua Street in Jakarta, Indonesia and Jalan Tukang in Kajang, Malaysia. It identifies four contact points along each street based on Jan Gehl's theories of outdoor activities and contact intensity: 1) transition spaces, 2) public transport stops, 3) open public areas, and 4) food vendors. The analysis finds that while the contact points are similar, Jalan Tukang encourages more social interaction and higher contact intensity due to features like covered walkways and gathering spaces.
This document is a student project analyzing the urban planning of Seksyen 4 using several cognitive mapping theories. It uses Kevin Lynch's five elements of paths, edges, districts, landmarks, and nodes to analyze the layout and navigation of Seksyen 4. It finds the area has clearly defined primary paths but one less clear edge. Distinct districts are formed by housing types. The biggest landmark is the Pasar Besar market. The analysis also considers the HOPSCA concept and finds Seksyen 4 meets most needs but lacks offices and hotels. In conclusion, Seksyen 4 has good overall planning but could be improved by adding work opportunities.
This document provides an overview and analysis of the KL Sentral and Brickfields area in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It discusses the contrasting images between modern high-rise buildings and older shop houses in the area. It focuses on Jalan Abdul Samad street, which contains historic and religious buildings and has a more community-based lifestyle compared to the busy KL Sentral area. The document then analyzes a cognitive map created by an architecture student who is unfamiliar with the area based on Kevin Lynch's theory of cognitive mapping. Key elements in the map include KL Sentral as a prominent landmark, Jalan Tun Sambathan as the main path, and Sri Kota as an intersection node that causes dispersion of paths
The document provides an analysis of the urban form and spatial characteristics of Pasar Seni and Petaling Street in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It begins with an introduction and context about the area's history and development. It then analyzes the figure ground through solid and void, land use, vertical zoning, public-private spaces, building typology, scale, circulation, usability of open spaces, and landscape. Serial vision analyzes views along three streets. It discusses the concept of the "collage city" and Kevin Lynch's five images of the city as they relate to the area. Finally, it analyzes the urban distinctive character through morphology, organization, social fabric, typology, scale, facades
Comparative Essay - Carmen Chan 0326485Carmen Chan
The document provides a comparative analysis of two streets - Jalan Sulaiman and Jalan Tun Abdul Aziz in Kajang, Malaysia and Samcheongdong Street in Seoul, South Korea. It analyzes factors like alleys, outdoor seating, built edges, paths and walkways based on Jan Gehl's theory of urban design. The alley in Samcheongdong Street is found to be more attractive due to its larger size, transparency and direction towards strong cultural destinations. Outdoor seating in both streets is deemed uncomfortable as pedestrians are exposed to surrounding traffic. Overall, the analysis examines how physical design influences human activity and comfort in public spaces.
This document is a student's illustrated essay and cognitive map of Zone B in Brickfields, Kuala Lumpur, analyzing the area through Kevin Lynch's five elements of urban form - paths, edges, districts, nodes, and landmarks. The student maps the zone, identifying how Lynch's elements define it and influence user experiences. Key landmarks include Nu Sentral station and Menara Kembar Bank Rakyat towers, while paths along roads and a distinctive floor texture guide movement. The zone functions as a residential district surrounded by transportation edges and features open spaces.
This document is a comparative analysis essay on two public spaces - Dataran Medan Pasar in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Ta Hien Street in Hanoi, Vietnam. It analyzes the urban form, planning theories, and social activities that have influenced the intensity of social contact in each space. Dataran Medan Pasar was once a vibrant public square but has become fragmented due to urban development that dispersed people and events. Ta Hien Street is a narrow pedestrian street that utilizes compact urban form to integrate activities and assemble people, promoting social interaction. While both have undergone urbanization, Ta Hien Street's centralized development has created an active public realm compared to Dataran Medan Pasar
This document provides details about a student project analyzing the city of Brickfields, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia based on Kevin Lynch's theories of urbanism. The student created a cognitive map of Area C in Brickfields to understand perceptions of the space. The map identifies paths, edges, districts, nodes, and landmarks within Area C, such as the prominent road Jalan Sultan Abdul Samad and edge along the Klang River. The analysis examines the identity and continuity of paths, ambiguous boundaries, and notable landmarks like churches to understand emerging urbanism in Brickfields.
The document provides a comparative analysis of Kota Tua Street in Jakarta, Indonesia and Jalan Tukang in Kajang, Malaysia. It identifies four contact points along each street based on Jan Gehl's theories of outdoor activities and contact intensity: 1) transition spaces, 2) public transport stops, 3) open public areas, and 4) food vendors. The analysis finds that while the contact points are similar, Jalan Tukang encourages more social interaction and higher contact intensity due to features like covered walkways and gathering spaces.
This document is a student project analyzing the urban planning of Seksyen 4 using several cognitive mapping theories. It uses Kevin Lynch's five elements of paths, edges, districts, landmarks, and nodes to analyze the layout and navigation of Seksyen 4. It finds the area has clearly defined primary paths but one less clear edge. Distinct districts are formed by housing types. The biggest landmark is the Pasar Besar market. The analysis also considers the HOPSCA concept and finds Seksyen 4 meets most needs but lacks offices and hotels. In conclusion, Seksyen 4 has good overall planning but could be improved by adding work opportunities.
This document provides an overview and analysis of the KL Sentral and Brickfields area in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It discusses the contrasting images between modern high-rise buildings and older shop houses in the area. It focuses on Jalan Abdul Samad street, which contains historic and religious buildings and has a more community-based lifestyle compared to the busy KL Sentral area. The document then analyzes a cognitive map created by an architecture student who is unfamiliar with the area based on Kevin Lynch's theory of cognitive mapping. Key elements in the map include KL Sentral as a prominent landmark, Jalan Tun Sambathan as the main path, and Sri Kota as an intersection node that causes dispersion of paths
This document provides an illustrated cognitive mapping analysis of the city of Klang Valley in Malaysia. It analyzes the image of the city based on Kevin Lynch's five elements: paths, edges, districts, nodes, and landmarks. It describes the dominant transportation paths in Klang Valley, including Jalan Tengku Kelana which connects Little India. It outlines the edge created by the Klang River and districts like commercial areas along major roads. It highlights important nodes in Klang Valley like the Simpang Lima intersection and KTM Klang railway station. The document uses maps and photos to illustrate each of Lynch's elements in the urban structure and image of Klang Valley.
This document provides an introduction to Petaling Jaya Old Town and cognitive mapping. It then analyzes the cognitive map of an architecture student who visited Section 3 of Petaling Jaya Old Town. The student's map highlights the main roads as vivid paths due to their width and directional qualities. Branching residential paths lack identity due to frequent intersections and similar design. Landmarks like construction sites, banks, and religious buildings help with wayfinding and identification. The document examines how landmarks stand out due to contrasts in scale, form, and location at junctions.
This document provides a comparative analysis of Jalan Braga in Bandung, Indonesia and Jalan Besar in Klang, Malaysia. It examines the streets in terms of social patterns, outdoor activities, and contact points based on Jan Gehl's theories of urban design and public life. Several key contact points are identified and compared between the streets, including sidewalks/walkways, prominent eateries, open spaces, and street features. While the streets share some similarities, differences in climate, built environment, and culture result in varying intensities and types of social contact at each location. The analysis provides insights into how physical planning can influence human behavior and the quality of public life in urban spaces.
1) The document describes the design of Redmond City Hall in Redmond, Washington, which was designed to balance dual purposes as both a civic building and transparent, modern workplace.
2) Key design elements included two narrow office wings connected by an entrance area, with a curved council chambers wing, all using glass and materials like steel and wood to promote transparency and connection to the community.
3) The building is sited between a parking lot and the Sammamish River Trail to visually and physically connect the civic center and nature, and its design negotiates ideals of both civic symbolism and modern function and collaboration.
This document is a comparative analysis essay analyzing the architecture, urban forms, activities, and contact points in Sejong Daero Street in Seoul, Korea and Jalan Tar in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It finds that Sejong Daero Street has more contact points due to its spacious junctions and straight layout that encourages movement and interaction. In contrast, Jalan Tar's narrow alleys and focus on transportation over pedestrian comfort results in fewer contact points. Climate also influences activities, with Kuala Lumpur's heat decreasing walkability compared to Seoul. Both streets demonstrate how the built environment and activities can affect social interaction and intensity of contact in cities.
The three cognitive maps created by Judy, Bernard, and Chloe of an intersection in Pudu, Kuala Lumpur show both similarities and differences in their perceptions. All three maps identify Pudu Sentral bus station and the nearby LRT station as important landmarks. They also depict the intersection in front of Pudu Sentral as busy and noisy using the color red. However, the maps differ in that Judy highlights hotels and markets important to her as a tourist, Bernard includes landmarks relevant to him as a local student, and Chloe emphasizes the urban design elements she notices as an architecture student. The differences reveal how personal experiences and backgrounds shape individual cognitive maps.
1) Kuala Lumpur began as tin mining sites along the Klang and Gombak Rivers in the late 19th century and has since transformed into a major commercial and administrative center.
2) Jalan TAR in Chow Kit is now a major business district with a diverse mix of local and corporate businesses.
3) The site is located alongside a valued local landmark cafe at the transition between a shopping street and heritage zone, welcoming different nearby communities.
Camillo Sitte was an architect who wrote "The Art of Building Cities" criticizing the standardized grid plans prevalent in modern cities and advocating for an approach that considers the natural terrain and includes well-designed public spaces. The book examines how the arrangement of buildings, monuments, and public squares can create appealing urban spaces through irregular forms, varied groupings, and the enclosure of open areas. While some modern needs cannot be met by historical styles, Sitte argues that new city planning could incorporate art through the thoughtful design of streets and public spaces.
Queer Visibility and Redevelopment in the Bronx HubMohamadi Tapsoba
Paralleling the LGBTQ community’s civil rights struggle, the physical expression of queer places within the urban built environment have gone from closed door underground speakeasys, often persecuted and raided by police, to segregated gayborhoods, to an emerging mainstreaming that suggests a new level of integration within the larger society. The evolution of what a Queer place is follows a trajectory of being invisible towards a self-definition of visibility. The fact that we are of every background, gender, gender expression, race, nationality, ethnicity, class, religion and any other subset that comes to mind means we have a presence and a stake in shaping the redevelopment of the communities where we live and work. As the Bronx, and particularly the South Bronx, faces a future of confronting increased pressures of gentrification, expanding the definition of what needs to be included in the process of redeveloping existing neighborhoods can be an asset in helping to create a more balanced and healthy built environment. Affordable housing, healthcare, education, and healthy food options can be thought of as a palette of community needs that can be planned for, and physically integrated and designed into the built environment. Queer presence— visibility—should be part of that palette of community needs.
The findings from this Assignment 1 on will be taken forward to analyze the third city, Kuala Lumpur, in the Assignment 2. The students are required to document the spatial form of the city to note the key spatial experience that is driven by the urban form and content. The objectives are: a) to characterize the urban forms through Serial Vision; b) to establish the relationships and roles of the three urban design elements and c) to identify DISTINCTIVE aspects or patterns in their layout offering to the characteristics of a ‘colonial city’. The students will be given with basic urban study techniques such as figure/ground, serial vision, collage city, space syntax, etc. Therefore the students are required to analyze and apply those techniques in order to evaluate the spatial (tangible) and/or social (intangible) patterns in the city. You are required to a) illustrate the urban distinctive character by formulating your own theory of understanding, b) present the tales of your wishes and c) evaluate through the comparison of three cities. The submission format will be online and digital reports.
An Imageability of Heritage core in Walled city of Jammu | Ar. Lokakshi Gando...Archiloop India Foundation
Archiloop India Foundation | August 2, 2020
"Lokakshi Gandotra, specialized in Sustainable Architecture, After Graduating from Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, and completing Masters in Sustainable Architecture from Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, She have achieved the post of Inspector (Architect) in Border Security Force, Ministry Of Home Affairs, India and currently serving the nation incorporating her learnings in the Architectural works and have keen interest in research projects i.e. heritage of historic cities and the way the cities can be sustainable for survival and existence of future generations."
Webinar Video:- https://youtu.be/L5MfjDWpQ10
Presentation: - https://bit.ly/3vAHSQr
Get Connected
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Facebook:- https://bit.ly/3jnwP7Q
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Twitter:- https://bit.ly/3curGtf
Our Global network of attendees:- https://bit.ly/31rZHnK
#stayintheloop #archiloopindia #AIF
Archiloop India Foundation
contactus@archiloopindia.in
www.archiloopindia.in
Theories of Architecture and Urbanism Project Part 2Tan Jaden
This document compares the urban spaces of Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman in Kuala Lumpur and Central Hong Kong. It finds that Central Hong Kong has a more permeable pedestrian environment with blurred boundaries between different land uses, supporting a variety of daily social activities. In contrast, Jalan TAR has a more planned separation of uses with less organic social interaction. Both spaces show an evolution from traditional shophouses to modern development, but Central Hong Kong has found a way to better integrate the old and new in a living city.
Theories of archi and urbanism comparative-essaySheau Hui Tan
This document provides a comparative analysis of public spaces between buildings in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It analyzes the urban morphology, historical development, and patterns of social activities in specific areas of each city. In Ho Chi Minh City, social activities commonly occur along streets with vendors and at road junctions. In Kuala Lumpur, socializing typically takes place in building plazas and along streets with stalls. Both cities demonstrate that necessary and optional activities in public spaces can foster social interactions, as predicted by urban theorist Jan Gehl.
The document compares two streets - Quiapo Street in Manila, Philippines and Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It analyzes the social activities, contact point types, and contact intensity of each street. For social activities, Quiapo Street focuses on community and religious events while Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman centers around local businesses. Contact points in Quiapo are destinations like plazas and churches, while Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman uses intersections and alleys. Finally, contact intensity is higher but less frequent in Quiapo's destination points, while Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman has lower but more regular intensity across its pedestrian areas.
This document provides a comparative analysis of two Asian streets - Sisavangvong Road in Luang Prabang, Laos and Jalan Sulaiman in Kajang, Malaysia. It analyzes the streets based on their urban elements, social activities, and quality of public spaces. Sisavangvong Road has well-designed public spaces connected to cultural attractions that act as nodes, allowing various social activities. Jalan Sulaiman's public spaces are limited to narrow sidewalks, but commercial activities still draw people. Both streets activate their public spaces differently but invite people to enjoy city life.
This document is a comparative analysis essay analyzing the public spaces of Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Sejong Daero in Seoul, South Korea. It examines the scale, movement patterns of pedestrians, types of contact points, and degree of contact intensity in both locations based on the theories of Jahn Gehl. While Jalan TAR features dense shophouses and narrow alleys that encourage social gatherings, Sejong Daero has a larger scale with highways that scatter pedestrian movement. Both locations provide different social experiences for pedestrians due to varying qualities of their public spaces.
This document provides background information on two streets - Samcheongdong-gil in Seoul, South Korea and Jalan Tukang & Mendaling in Kajang, Malaysia - and analyzes similarities and differences in their urban forms, activities, and social interactions. It identifies four main contact points along the streets: sidewalks/walkways, open spaces, cafes, and alleys. While the sidewalk and walkways shape pedestrian movement, differences in climate, building designs, and how public/private spaces are defined result in varying social activities and contact intensities between the two streets.
Nehru Bazar Road in Jaipur, India and Jalan Besar in South Klang, Malaysia are compared in the document. While both streets follow a grid pattern, Nehru Bazar Road strictly adheres to its role as a marketplace, limiting activities. In contrast, Jalan Besar's deformed grid and diverse architecture support a variety of necessary, optional, and social activities through its contact points like restaurants and the train station. As a result, Jalan Besar is considered to create a more meaningful space for interaction.
This paper analyzes the spatial formation of traditional neighborhoods called "mohallas" in Varanasi, India. The author identifies two main types of mohallas - those with a linear or tree-like shape along streets, and those with a broader territorial shape. Field surveys reveal differences in the size, boundaries, facilities, and street patterns of mohallas, reflecting the degree of urbanization when they were established. The paper aims to link mohalla typologies to Varanasi's historical urbanization process under Muslim rule in order to better understand the basic structure of North Indian cities.
This document provides a comparative analysis of contact points and intensities in Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Both cities show similar patterns with varying intensities of contact points depending on location, time of day, and purpose. Historic buildings from colonial periods in both cities now house diverse social and economic activities. While densities and development levels differ, both cities demonstrate equilibrium between contact points and intensities with respect to cultural, social, and economic values over time.
This document compares social patterns in Petchaburi Road, Bangkok and Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman in Kuala Lumpur. There are both similarities and differences in urban form, contact points, and street culture between the two areas. A key difference is that buildings in Petchaburi Road lack setbacks while buildings in Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman have "five-foot ways" that provide covered pedestrian areas. This impacts how people engage with the street and each other. Both areas have contact points near markets and shopping areas, showing the influence of market culture.
This document provides an illustrated cognitive mapping analysis of the city of Klang Valley in Malaysia. It analyzes the image of the city based on Kevin Lynch's five elements: paths, edges, districts, nodes, and landmarks. It describes the dominant transportation paths in Klang Valley, including Jalan Tengku Kelana which connects Little India. It outlines the edge created by the Klang River and districts like commercial areas along major roads. It highlights important nodes in Klang Valley like the Simpang Lima intersection and KTM Klang railway station. The document uses maps and photos to illustrate each of Lynch's elements in the urban structure and image of Klang Valley.
This document provides an introduction to Petaling Jaya Old Town and cognitive mapping. It then analyzes the cognitive map of an architecture student who visited Section 3 of Petaling Jaya Old Town. The student's map highlights the main roads as vivid paths due to their width and directional qualities. Branching residential paths lack identity due to frequent intersections and similar design. Landmarks like construction sites, banks, and religious buildings help with wayfinding and identification. The document examines how landmarks stand out due to contrasts in scale, form, and location at junctions.
This document provides a comparative analysis of Jalan Braga in Bandung, Indonesia and Jalan Besar in Klang, Malaysia. It examines the streets in terms of social patterns, outdoor activities, and contact points based on Jan Gehl's theories of urban design and public life. Several key contact points are identified and compared between the streets, including sidewalks/walkways, prominent eateries, open spaces, and street features. While the streets share some similarities, differences in climate, built environment, and culture result in varying intensities and types of social contact at each location. The analysis provides insights into how physical planning can influence human behavior and the quality of public life in urban spaces.
1) The document describes the design of Redmond City Hall in Redmond, Washington, which was designed to balance dual purposes as both a civic building and transparent, modern workplace.
2) Key design elements included two narrow office wings connected by an entrance area, with a curved council chambers wing, all using glass and materials like steel and wood to promote transparency and connection to the community.
3) The building is sited between a parking lot and the Sammamish River Trail to visually and physically connect the civic center and nature, and its design negotiates ideals of both civic symbolism and modern function and collaboration.
This document is a comparative analysis essay analyzing the architecture, urban forms, activities, and contact points in Sejong Daero Street in Seoul, Korea and Jalan Tar in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It finds that Sejong Daero Street has more contact points due to its spacious junctions and straight layout that encourages movement and interaction. In contrast, Jalan Tar's narrow alleys and focus on transportation over pedestrian comfort results in fewer contact points. Climate also influences activities, with Kuala Lumpur's heat decreasing walkability compared to Seoul. Both streets demonstrate how the built environment and activities can affect social interaction and intensity of contact in cities.
The three cognitive maps created by Judy, Bernard, and Chloe of an intersection in Pudu, Kuala Lumpur show both similarities and differences in their perceptions. All three maps identify Pudu Sentral bus station and the nearby LRT station as important landmarks. They also depict the intersection in front of Pudu Sentral as busy and noisy using the color red. However, the maps differ in that Judy highlights hotels and markets important to her as a tourist, Bernard includes landmarks relevant to him as a local student, and Chloe emphasizes the urban design elements she notices as an architecture student. The differences reveal how personal experiences and backgrounds shape individual cognitive maps.
1) Kuala Lumpur began as tin mining sites along the Klang and Gombak Rivers in the late 19th century and has since transformed into a major commercial and administrative center.
2) Jalan TAR in Chow Kit is now a major business district with a diverse mix of local and corporate businesses.
3) The site is located alongside a valued local landmark cafe at the transition between a shopping street and heritage zone, welcoming different nearby communities.
Camillo Sitte was an architect who wrote "The Art of Building Cities" criticizing the standardized grid plans prevalent in modern cities and advocating for an approach that considers the natural terrain and includes well-designed public spaces. The book examines how the arrangement of buildings, monuments, and public squares can create appealing urban spaces through irregular forms, varied groupings, and the enclosure of open areas. While some modern needs cannot be met by historical styles, Sitte argues that new city planning could incorporate art through the thoughtful design of streets and public spaces.
Queer Visibility and Redevelopment in the Bronx HubMohamadi Tapsoba
Paralleling the LGBTQ community’s civil rights struggle, the physical expression of queer places within the urban built environment have gone from closed door underground speakeasys, often persecuted and raided by police, to segregated gayborhoods, to an emerging mainstreaming that suggests a new level of integration within the larger society. The evolution of what a Queer place is follows a trajectory of being invisible towards a self-definition of visibility. The fact that we are of every background, gender, gender expression, race, nationality, ethnicity, class, religion and any other subset that comes to mind means we have a presence and a stake in shaping the redevelopment of the communities where we live and work. As the Bronx, and particularly the South Bronx, faces a future of confronting increased pressures of gentrification, expanding the definition of what needs to be included in the process of redeveloping existing neighborhoods can be an asset in helping to create a more balanced and healthy built environment. Affordable housing, healthcare, education, and healthy food options can be thought of as a palette of community needs that can be planned for, and physically integrated and designed into the built environment. Queer presence— visibility—should be part of that palette of community needs.
The findings from this Assignment 1 on will be taken forward to analyze the third city, Kuala Lumpur, in the Assignment 2. The students are required to document the spatial form of the city to note the key spatial experience that is driven by the urban form and content. The objectives are: a) to characterize the urban forms through Serial Vision; b) to establish the relationships and roles of the three urban design elements and c) to identify DISTINCTIVE aspects or patterns in their layout offering to the characteristics of a ‘colonial city’. The students will be given with basic urban study techniques such as figure/ground, serial vision, collage city, space syntax, etc. Therefore the students are required to analyze and apply those techniques in order to evaluate the spatial (tangible) and/or social (intangible) patterns in the city. You are required to a) illustrate the urban distinctive character by formulating your own theory of understanding, b) present the tales of your wishes and c) evaluate through the comparison of three cities. The submission format will be online and digital reports.
An Imageability of Heritage core in Walled city of Jammu | Ar. Lokakshi Gando...Archiloop India Foundation
Archiloop India Foundation | August 2, 2020
"Lokakshi Gandotra, specialized in Sustainable Architecture, After Graduating from Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, and completing Masters in Sustainable Architecture from Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, She have achieved the post of Inspector (Architect) in Border Security Force, Ministry Of Home Affairs, India and currently serving the nation incorporating her learnings in the Architectural works and have keen interest in research projects i.e. heritage of historic cities and the way the cities can be sustainable for survival and existence of future generations."
Webinar Video:- https://youtu.be/L5MfjDWpQ10
Presentation: - https://bit.ly/3vAHSQr
Get Connected
Instagram:- https://bit.ly/2PBEGEm
YouTube:- https://bit.ly/2ZD3y1o
Facebook:- https://bit.ly/3jnwP7Q
LinkedIn:- https://bit.ly/3u0VbsO
Twitter:- https://bit.ly/3curGtf
Our Global network of attendees:- https://bit.ly/31rZHnK
#stayintheloop #archiloopindia #AIF
Archiloop India Foundation
contactus@archiloopindia.in
www.archiloopindia.in
Theories of Architecture and Urbanism Project Part 2Tan Jaden
This document compares the urban spaces of Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman in Kuala Lumpur and Central Hong Kong. It finds that Central Hong Kong has a more permeable pedestrian environment with blurred boundaries between different land uses, supporting a variety of daily social activities. In contrast, Jalan TAR has a more planned separation of uses with less organic social interaction. Both spaces show an evolution from traditional shophouses to modern development, but Central Hong Kong has found a way to better integrate the old and new in a living city.
Theories of archi and urbanism comparative-essaySheau Hui Tan
This document provides a comparative analysis of public spaces between buildings in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It analyzes the urban morphology, historical development, and patterns of social activities in specific areas of each city. In Ho Chi Minh City, social activities commonly occur along streets with vendors and at road junctions. In Kuala Lumpur, socializing typically takes place in building plazas and along streets with stalls. Both cities demonstrate that necessary and optional activities in public spaces can foster social interactions, as predicted by urban theorist Jan Gehl.
The document compares two streets - Quiapo Street in Manila, Philippines and Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It analyzes the social activities, contact point types, and contact intensity of each street. For social activities, Quiapo Street focuses on community and religious events while Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman centers around local businesses. Contact points in Quiapo are destinations like plazas and churches, while Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman uses intersections and alleys. Finally, contact intensity is higher but less frequent in Quiapo's destination points, while Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman has lower but more regular intensity across its pedestrian areas.
This document provides a comparative analysis of two Asian streets - Sisavangvong Road in Luang Prabang, Laos and Jalan Sulaiman in Kajang, Malaysia. It analyzes the streets based on their urban elements, social activities, and quality of public spaces. Sisavangvong Road has well-designed public spaces connected to cultural attractions that act as nodes, allowing various social activities. Jalan Sulaiman's public spaces are limited to narrow sidewalks, but commercial activities still draw people. Both streets activate their public spaces differently but invite people to enjoy city life.
This document is a comparative analysis essay analyzing the public spaces of Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Sejong Daero in Seoul, South Korea. It examines the scale, movement patterns of pedestrians, types of contact points, and degree of contact intensity in both locations based on the theories of Jahn Gehl. While Jalan TAR features dense shophouses and narrow alleys that encourage social gatherings, Sejong Daero has a larger scale with highways that scatter pedestrian movement. Both locations provide different social experiences for pedestrians due to varying qualities of their public spaces.
This document provides background information on two streets - Samcheongdong-gil in Seoul, South Korea and Jalan Tukang & Mendaling in Kajang, Malaysia - and analyzes similarities and differences in their urban forms, activities, and social interactions. It identifies four main contact points along the streets: sidewalks/walkways, open spaces, cafes, and alleys. While the sidewalk and walkways shape pedestrian movement, differences in climate, building designs, and how public/private spaces are defined result in varying social activities and contact intensities between the two streets.
Nehru Bazar Road in Jaipur, India and Jalan Besar in South Klang, Malaysia are compared in the document. While both streets follow a grid pattern, Nehru Bazar Road strictly adheres to its role as a marketplace, limiting activities. In contrast, Jalan Besar's deformed grid and diverse architecture support a variety of necessary, optional, and social activities through its contact points like restaurants and the train station. As a result, Jalan Besar is considered to create a more meaningful space for interaction.
This paper analyzes the spatial formation of traditional neighborhoods called "mohallas" in Varanasi, India. The author identifies two main types of mohallas - those with a linear or tree-like shape along streets, and those with a broader territorial shape. Field surveys reveal differences in the size, boundaries, facilities, and street patterns of mohallas, reflecting the degree of urbanization when they were established. The paper aims to link mohalla typologies to Varanasi's historical urbanization process under Muslim rule in order to better understand the basic structure of North Indian cities.
This document provides a comparative analysis of contact points and intensities in Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Both cities show similar patterns with varying intensities of contact points depending on location, time of day, and purpose. Historic buildings from colonial periods in both cities now house diverse social and economic activities. While densities and development levels differ, both cities demonstrate equilibrium between contact points and intensities with respect to cultural, social, and economic values over time.
This document compares social patterns in Petchaburi Road, Bangkok and Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman in Kuala Lumpur. There are both similarities and differences in urban form, contact points, and street culture between the two areas. A key difference is that buildings in Petchaburi Road lack setbacks while buildings in Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman have "five-foot ways" that provide covered pedestrian areas. This impacts how people engage with the street and each other. Both areas have contact points near markets and shopping areas, showing the influence of market culture.
This document provides a comparative analysis of Nanjing Road Pedestrian Street in Shanghai, China and Klang in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It analyzes the differences between these two areas based on three criteria: population size, social heterogeneity, and population density. Nanjing Road attracts a larger population, especially at night, with more diversity and segmentation of relationships. Klang has a smaller population that peaks during the day and is more homogeneous. The document examines how these factors contribute to distinct urban vs. rural ways of life according to sociological theories of urbanism.
The document provides a comparative analysis of contact points and social activities in the Chinatowns of Philadelphia and Kuala Lumpur. It analyzes several contact points in each location based on Jan Gehl's theories of necessary, optional, and social activities. In Philadelphia, contact points are more element-oriented like storefronts and design features, while in Kuala Lumpur they are more people-oriented with many social activities that increase contact intensity. Overall, the analysis found that good walkability does not necessarily correlate with higher chances for social contact, as the more organic layout in Kuala Lumpur supported more opportunities for interaction between people.
1. The document provides an introduction to Brickfields, a neighborhood in Kuala Lumpur known as the largest Little India. It describes the history and makeup of different zones in Brickfields.
2. It then discusses cognitive mapping, which is a mental representation of an environment. The document analyzes Brickfields Zone C based on Kevin Lynch's five elements of cognitive maps - paths, edges, districts, nodes, and landmarks.
3. The summary describes the major paths, edges, districts, nodes and landmarks identified in the cognitive map of Zone C, including Jalan Sultan Abdul Samad as the main path and rail lines as edges. Religious structures are prominent local landmarks.
The document provides a comparative analysis of two Asian streets - Rua Dos Mercadores in Macau and Jalan Besar in Klang, Malaysia. It analyzes the streets based on four contact points using Jan Gehl's framework of necessary, optional and social activities. The contact points analyzed include landmarks, alleyways, and 5-foot walkways. While the contact points differ in activities and intensity, the analysis finds people and human interactions are most important in creating successful urban spaces.
Theories of Architecture and Urbanism (Comparative Essay)FabienFoo
The document compares two streets - Nam Cheong Street in Hong Kong and Jalan Mendaling in Malaysia. Both streets have a rich history dating back to British colonization and have evolved into diverse areas with shops and businesses. The document analyzes two contact points within the streets: 1) A bus stop open space in Jalan Mendaling and pocket parks in Nam Cheong Street that function as social gathering areas, though the experience differs due to weather protection and space. 2) Shops along the streets that attract crowds and enable optional social activities. Differences in culture also impact activity patterns between the two places.
The document analyzes the urban site of Kuala Lumpur through examining its history and morphology, districts, edges, land use, landmarks, and nodes. It traces Kuala Lumpur's evolution from a 19th century mining settlement to its current form as Malaysia's capital city. Key aspects of the urban fabric are discussed such as the traditional versus modernist urban form, different types of edges, and land use patterns across various districts. Notable landmarks and nodes that help define the identity and function of the area are also identified.
The document discusses different types of human settlements including rural and urban. It describes the characteristics of rural settlements such as villages which have fewer inhabitants, lower density, and economies based on primary sectors. It then describes the characteristics of urban settlements or cities, which have larger populations, taller buildings close together, and economies based on secondary and service sectors. The document goes on to list several main functions of cities, including residential, commercial, industrial, tourist, political/administrative, and cultural/religious centers. It also discusses different types of urban plans such as grid, linear, radial, and irregular configurations. The urban structure of cities is described as consisting of a city center, peri-urban areas, and outskirts.
The document provides a project management report for a proposed Traditional Music Centre in Titiwangsa, Kuala Lumpur. It includes details of the client, stakeholders, site analysis, design considerations, programming, and project management plans. The key objectives are to preserve traditional Malaysian music culture, enhance the sense of place in the area, and provide spaces for public music learning and performances. The design concept features four clustered blocks for different instrument types connected by bridges, with performance spaces, studios, and a rooftop garden. The project aims to be completed within 18 months for RM10 million, meeting quality, time and cost criteria.
This document provides a design report for a Traditional Music Centre project located in Titiwangsa, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The report details the site context, design intentions, program, and final design. The key goals of the project are to engage people to explore the cultural district, enhance the sense of place and cultural identity, and preserve traditional Malaysian music. The design proposes clusters for different instrument types with elevated public spaces to connect the building to the surrounding park and cultural buildings. Semi-open music studios and a performance stage are intended to attract visitors and enhance the cultural identity of the area.
This document discusses the design of a cultural haven project in Titiwangsa, Kuala Lumpur. It includes a list of group members and lecturers for the project. It then discusses the existing culture in Titiwangsa, including traditional Malay architecture and park activities. It outlines the proposed design for the cultural haven, including residential zones, institutional areas with cultural buildings, and considerations for pedestrian and vehicular access. Activities and programs are proposed to help sustain traditional Malaysian culture and prevent it from fading due to modernization trends.
The document provides details about a proposed project by TWY Consultants to develop a recreation station and architectural workshop at Taylor's University. It includes information about the company background, team members, project scope and requirements, site analysis, design concept, and container studies. The team aims to complete the project within 1 year with a budget of RM1.5M utilizing shipping containers and 50% renewable energy.
This document compares public spaces in Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Queen's Road Central in Hong Kong based on Jan Gehl's theories of necessary, optional, and social activities. It finds that Queen's Road sees more optional and social activities due to its dense pedestrian traffic and well-designed alleys and plazas that encourage lingering. Both areas share similar necessary contact points like crosswalks but differ in intensity. Higher intensity optional and social activities are more common in Queen's Road alleys and Statue Square plaza versus Jalan TAR's pedestrian walkway and SOGO plaza. The analysis shows how public space design influences social patterns.
The document summarizes three reaction papers written by a student on architectural theories. The first paper discusses how symbols dominate space in architecture, using the Las Vegas Strip as an example. The second paper examines the importance of experience and feelings in architecture rather than just physical form. The third paper advocates for the approach of Critical Regionalism to reconnect buildings with their local context through appropriate integration of natural elements, climate, materials, and culture.
This document provides a case study on the acoustic design of the Majlis Bandaraya Shah Alam auditorium. It begins with an introduction to acoustic design and the project brief. It then reviews concepts such as sound reflection, absorption, direct and indirect sound paths, and reverberation time. The document describes the site, including drawings, typical uses, and zoning. It analyzes existing sound sources and noise control. It examines the acoustic properties of materials used in the floor, walls, ceiling, seating, stage, openings, and balcony. It also provides an acoustic analysis of incident sound, reflection and absorption, diffusion and dispersion, and reverberation time calculation. It concludes by discussing issues and recommendations.
The document contains technical drawings and details for a multi-story building including foundation plan, floor plans, structural plans, wall and slab details, staircase, prefabricated balcony and toilet pod, windows, doors, and roof truss. It also includes connection details between structural elements and concludes that the construction benefits from a high level of prefabrication and repetition that allows for reductions in site labor, waste, materials, and overall construction costs.
This document presents a lighting analysis for two spaces - a studio and cafe - in a proposed community library design project. For each space, the document analyzes the daylight situation, calculates lighting requirements using the lumen method, and proposes an artificial lighting layout. It also discusses using the PSALI concept to supplement daylight with artificial lighting for the cafe space. The analysis aims to integrate appropriate lighting strategies to achieve the design goals for comfort and ambience in each space.
The document summarizes the urban configuration, scale, typologies, and cultural influences of buildings in the colonial era of Georgetown, Prince of Wales Island between 1786-1941. It describes the original grid and axial layout established by Francis Light in 1792 that separated government, Chinese, and Malay settlements. Over time, the grid expanded and became more irregular as the city grew. The typologies of buildings reflected the functions and ethnic origins of residents, with shophouses, religious sites, and government buildings for the British, Chinese, Indian, and Malay communities. Cultural practices, like Feng Shui for the Chinese, influenced the urban design and placement of buildings.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
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it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
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Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
1. PART 1: REVISITING COLONIAL MALACCA AND GEORGETOWN 2
Concluding Keywords 3
Summary and Discussion 8
PART 2:THEORIZATION OF KUALA LUMPUR 9
Comparing Colonialism with Kuala Lumpur 12
Connecting Keywords with Jalan Tun H.S. Lee 14
PART 3: COLLAGE CITY 16
Demographics 17
Vibrant Townscape 20
Dominance of Power 24
Representation of Functions 26
Connectivity 28
PART 4:TALES OF WISHES 32
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page 1
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND DESIGN
Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Architecture
TALES OF THREE CITIES (ARC 61003)
Assignment 2: Mapping the Townscape
Report on Jalan Tun H.S. Lee
Name: Aaron Tan Weng Ming ID: 0322400
Eddie Goh 0322915
Jacky Ting Sum Ming 0325286
Khoo Zer Kai 0320500
Koh Sung Jie 0318912
Lai Tzexiuan 0318056
Lee Suk Fang 0323293
Lucas Ong Tun Cheik 0319939
Nge Jia Chen 0317738
Tan Jee Khium 0324827
Tan Jo Lynn 0318518
Teo Hong Wei 0322990
Tiong Jia Min 0323763
Wong Zhen Fai 0317890
Yan Wai Chun 0319626
Tutor: Dr. Sucharita Srirangam
2. MALACCA:
Harmonious Streetscape
As none of the old shophouses were demolished
for development, the culmination of styles across
time presented by a series of facades that deliver its
cultural diversity. However, even though the styles
may vary, they still conform to the basic design
of a shophouse. Thus, creating a harmonious
streetscape.
Axial Dominance
The dominance of St. Paul’s Hill, being
the governmental zone is obvious with the
geographical advantages over the general flat land
of the residential and commercial zone.Two zones
separated by the Malacca River being the axis.
Transparent Interiority/Exteriority
The use of five footways is common in most of
the streets of Malacca. The width of the five foot
way increases the level of interaction between the
pedestrian and the house owner. Thereby, the use
of five footway in the streets of Malacca provides a
sense of transparency between inside and outside.
Hidden Back Alley
The perimeter block typology gave rise to
prominent row-house facades, creating intimate
linear spaces both at the front and back. The
surprising contrast between the front and back
streetscape is influenced by the width of the road
and space usage.
Surprising Hierarchy
During the colonial time the streets are arranged
in hierarchy order based on the social and job of
the people.This gives uniqueness and different
characteristics to each streets according to their
linear typology which evokes surprises when
experiencing the different culture and activities
across the streets.
ThereisnodoubtthatbothMalaccaandGeorgetown
had a long and vibrant history especially during
the colonial era which put their name on the global
stage. There are various significant similarities
between both the colonial towns which can only
be observed if we transport ourselves back in time
to that era in order to conduct a more accurate
analysis.
The urban configuration for both towns were
morphed around the colonial rulers’ intention
to segregate the races in order to prevent a
union among the locals. This was their way to
reassert dominance and prevent a rise of power
and strength among the local community. The
common pattern found was the strategic location
of the administrative buildings and military forts
which allowed a sense of hierarchy and authority
to be instilled to the local community whom had
their shophouses limited to a grid form and taxed
to prevent inconsistent forms. The grid form was
also significantly easier for the colonials rulers to
manage.
Surprisingly, both colonial towns had a “Harmony
Street”; a primary road cutting through the large
grid form that houses the religious buildings of
each religious community, ironically forming a
place of union for the people to come together to
practice their own beliefs.
Generally, the colonial era has shaped the
urban footprint and culture of both Malacca
and Georgetown into what it has become today.
Imprints and memories of the illustrious colonial
past will forever be etched and visible in today’s
urban scape of both the places.
REVISITING
COLONIAL
MALACCA AND
GEORGETOWN
PART 1:
CONCLUDING KEYWORDS
Figure 1.1(Top): Harmonious Streetscape.
Figure 1.2(Bottom): Hidden Back Alley.
Page 3Page 2
3. Spatial Redefinition
The diffusion of form,movement pattern fills up
the spaces which gives the spaces for users to
infill their own intention to the space,privatize,
personalize and redefining the new means of space
which means uniquely to them.Different styles and
religions of the buildings along the melaka street
spread and diffuse through every spaces ,giving
new characteristics to particular spaces,redefining
the new spaces.
Recurring Node
The existence of the religious buildings like Cheng
Hoon Teng Temple, Kampung Kling Mosque and
Sri Poyyatha Vinayagar Moorthi Temple along
the street since colonial period become a very
significant features for the street. They naturally
defined the public and private realm along the
street. People don’t gather there just for a specific
day or because of specific event, to visit there has
become a routine for them.So not just the functions
itself generate the public realm, it’s about what it
meant for the people there. It creates a sense of
belongings for the locals.
Inter-generational interaction
The road is narrow in Melaka, so that the car would
drive carefully, hence the road is safe for children
to play around, for elderly to walked safely, for
tourist to enjoy travel in Melaka. People walking on
the streets can experience the interaction beyond
generation, create sense of a togetherness.
Distinctive Values
The buildings reflect a mixture of influences
which have created a uniqueness in architecture,
culture and townscape without parallel anywhere
in Southeast Asia. In particular, the range of
shophouses and townhouses are exceptional in
the inherent qualities from the layering of stages
of development of each building type, originating
from the Dutch or Portuguese periods.
Social Segregation
During the colonial era of the Dutch and British,
shop houses of Malacca were taxed accordingly to
their street frontage plot width rather than their total
area. Besides that, trading products and services
were taxed differently by the colonial government.
The zoning of Malacca at that time was divided
according to different zones such as business
and trading activities, agriculture and commercial
activities. This shows that there is a segregation in
different kinds of social status and social activities.
.
Disordered Linearity
Although the shophouses are arranged in a linear
order and the streets are grouped based on their
social order and jobs, no two shophouses are the
same internally or externally.Each shophouses are
designed in their own styles during that period and
to their function, making each of the shophouses
look like it was randomly and disorderly. This
random and chaotic facade along with the order
of the streets creates a pleasing sight yet able to
express the identity of the place.
Urban Linkage
The area contains the common boundaries of
two bodies, spaces or phases. It also termed as
the interconnection between two system. As the
building connections between buildings. From the
street planning it define the linkage for human
access is the 5 foot walkway that provided in front
every facade. The wide pedestrian street and the
alley path which not only restrict for human but
others to access as well to bring up the urban
usage.
Organic Diffusal
The predominant area of St. Paul’s Civic Zone
sprawls and diffuses into the linear yet organic
grid of the city. Suggesting the natural growth of
population throughout the transition of a fishing
village to the city in the colonial period.
Adaptive Facades
In a short period of times,Malacca had been
authorized by different host,each of them has it’s
own character and identity & influence Malacca
into multi cultural heritage, make a impressing
conversion and gave a huge impact to Malacca.
Figure 1.3(Top): Disordered Linearity.
Figure 1.4(Bottom): Recurring Nodes.
Page 5Page 4
4. Frames of Directional Quality
Due to the west part of Jalan Masjid Kapitan Keling
being in an old development area, the buildings are
built in an unorganized arrangement. Diversity of
road width and random arrangement of coarse and
fine grain buildings blurred the sense of direction
on the site. The site consisted of fine and coarse
grain which caused many dead ends to emerge.
The newly developed east part of Jalan Masjid
Kapitan Keling have a clearer sense of direction
due to its constant road width and organized
arrangement of fine grain buildings. Users are able
to frame the street view from one end to another.
Diversified Typologies
Two typologies; organized and eccentric
arrangements in the area. Governmental and
religious building are in point form, which is more
significant. Shophouses are in linear form, which
are more identical with each other. Grid pockets
and linear arrangement of shophouses arranged
like a box with private area in the center.
Representational Ornamentation
Façade ornamentations depict the influence and
affluence of owners. Distinct economic disparities
between the working class and business/property
owners. Significant levels of wealth and status
in the community at the time. Expression of the
evolution of the built environment, economic factors
and domestic values of a multi-ethnic community.
Enclosing Edges
Higher topography bounded flat paddy fields
from Eastern part of Georgetown with hills and
forests landscaped view. Hills became edges
disconnecting development in Georgetown from
other parts of Penang. Colonial development
leans towards Western Part of Georgetown (more
flat lands). This clear boundary sets limitation to
the locals where the ‘end’ of Georgetown is clearly
revealed, confining their daily activities and depth
of views to the surrounding.
GEORGETOWN:
Invisible Boundary
Religious buildings act as primary gathering
spot for the community. It offers a higher contact
intensity compared to the road, a contradicting
relationship between one another. The boundary
based on the intensifying layers.
Adapting to Control
Plot width varies throughout the shop lots area
as taxation and land costs are controlled by
government. The length of shop lots are often
longer than the width of the shops as a loophole for
locals or shop owners to avoid extra tax payment
and land costs. It sets the tone for the future built
environment.
Dominant Rulers
Colonial rulers instilling a sense of control to
inferiors. A large and elaborate scale of buildings
create an overwhelming sense of control and
order towards the local passerbys. Walking speed
is increased as locals do not wish to linger nearby
dominating administrative buildings.
Vibrant Townscapes
Serves the interest of cultivating Penang’s cultural
diversity. As a historical site, Penang serves as a
vibrant and living ‘museum’. Different ornaments
and carvings from the shophouses shows different
vibrancy of identity, enhancing the rich culture of
Penang.
Welcoming Facades
Shophouses in the residential area creates a
pleasing streetscape by having a consistent facade
design, featuring the five-foot-way that connects
to the front patio of the interior. Thus, creating a
sense of welcoming to the people on the street to
converse at the continuous walkway.
Engagement Pattern
The nodes along the axis of Pitt Street encourage
movement of users along entire stretch of the
street. The formation of the religious buildings on
the axis creates a point to point circulation and
shophouses as transitional space reconnects the
layers. On the other hand, the width of the street
shows more public realm and walkability during
the daily activities. The grid pattern shows the
ease of accessibility and a less confusing pattern
that enable the sense of engagement. Thus, the
simplicity of the pattern transcending into an
engagement on the streets.
Figure 1.5(Top): Welcoming facades.
Figure 1.6(Bottom): Vibrant Townscapes.
Page 7Page 6
5. Being the starting point of Malaysian history,
Malacca itself has become a museum for
architecture, having a diverse collection of
shophouses spanning from the Dutch style until
the early Modern era. However, they all conform
to a set of rules that still defines themselves as
shophouses. This makes for a peculiar variety of
a single type of building adapting across time.
Jalan Tokong, as the name suggests, has an
interesting transition where it opens from a narrow
streetscape to the temple area where people
congregate. On a larger scale, there is a hierarchy
between the streets parallel to each other, showing
a segregation between the social class.
Throughout our entire study on the town, it is
realised that Georgetown is also no stranger to the
effects of colonial dominance such as the racial
segregation and the Western hierarchy influence
on the urban configuration and facades. It was the
primary stepping stone for the East India Company
before colonizing the entire state of Penang. Most
of its imprints are still visible in today’s urbanscape
and has influenced generations of culture and
growth.
As Jalan Tun H.S. Lee was crucial to the formation
of what the Kuala Lumpur city centre is today, it
also shows the local community’s resilience in
adapting to colonization throughout the decades.
Ever since the colonial times, many have changed
in the linear street with new high rises popping up
in the centre and new community groups moving
in to replace old ones. Through our in-depth study
on Malacca and Georgetown, we will be able to
observe the effects of British colonization in Kuala
Lumpur and understand the comparison of the
past and present urbanscape.
The center of Kuala Lumpur is the Merdeka Square
which has many colonial buildings that housed the
local administrative offices were surrounding the
Merdeka Square. These administrative buildings
were bounded by Jalan Sultan Hishamuddin and
Jalan Kuching. The town of Kuala Lumpur and
later the city were then spreaded outward from
this center. In the present day, the city center at
MerdekaSquareisthecoreofKualaLumpurhistory.
Some historical colonial buildings such as the
Sultan Abdul Samad Building, the Royal Selangor
Club and the Old Kuala Lumpur Railway Station
were excellent examples of British architectural
sensibilities peppered with Moorish spice.
Jalan Tun H.S. Lee is one of the historical street
in Kuala Lumpur. It is was originally called High
Street and then it was also later known as Jalan
Bandar. The street was named after Colonel Tun
Sir Henry Lee Hau Shik, who was Malaysia’s first
Finance Minister. Jalan Tun H.S. Lee is a long
street that begins from Jalan Gereja to Jalan Syed
Putra near Wisma Tun Sambathan in Brickfields.
The street has seven main intersections which
run across Jalan Tun Perak, Jalan Tun Tan Siew
Sin, Jalan Hang Lekiu, Leboh Pudu, Jalan Tun Tan
Cheng Lock, Jalan Hang Lekir and Jalan Sultan.
There are about 200 shophouses located along
Jalan Tun H.S. Lee, some of the shophouses
were build during colonial times and are reused
for cafes and guest houses while others are
gutted, sealed and left to rot during present day.
The main attractions of Jalan Tun H.S. Lee are the
three religious buildings of Sri Maha Mariamman
Temple built in 1873, the Sin Sze SiYa Temple built
in 1864 and the Guan Di Temple which later built in
1887. Most people would come to Jalan H.S. Lee
for affordable bouquets that had been the hub of
traditional florists for decades and many of these
florists businesses are still run by the same families
that founded them decades ago.
Kuala Lumpur, the capital city of Malaysia is a
modern city with many contemporary high rise
buildings and world class hotels, shopping malls
and also local and international cuisine. Kuala
Lumpur has many points of attractions such
as the KL tower, the Petronas Twin Tower, Lake
Garden and also Chinatown which is located
along Petaling street at the sourth part of the city.
The city of Kuala Lumpur started during 1857 as
a small mining boom town caused by hunger of
the Industrial Revolution for raw materials. tin was
found in Kuala Lumpur nearby the Klang River
Valley and were mainly mined. The town of Kuala
Lumpur during that time grew under the business
interest of three officials which was a Malay ruler, a
British resident and a Chinese headman.
THEORIZATION
OF KUALA
LUMPUR
PART 2:
SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION
Page 9Page 8
6. COMPARING COLONIALISM WITH
KUALA LUMPUR
Figure 2.1: Figure
ground map
surrounding Jalan
Tun H.S. Lee.
Figure 2.2:
Land use map
surrounding Jalan
Tun H.S. Lee.
Page 11Page 10
7. The colonial era of Malacca started off with the
Portuguese in 1511. The intention was to conquer
the spice trades along Straits of Malacca as well
as to control over the main Asiatic trade routes
due to the strategic location of Malacca port. The
fortress ‘A Famosa’ was built after the conquest
and missionari es strove to implant Catholicism
in Malacca. But instead of dominating the Asian
trade, the organization of network was disrupted,
as they could not force Muslims merchants
from Arabia and India to continue their trading
business there, causing the growth of other ports
to overshadow Malacca.The period of Portuguese
strength in Malacca was short lived as the Dutch
soon attacked it in 1641 with the help of Sultan of
Georgetown was one of the first colonized
region by the British and it was established as a
transshipment port by Francis Light of the British
East India Company. Together with Malacca,
George Town was governed under the Strait
Settlement which became a British Crown Colony
in 1867. It was all began with the trade relations
in the Malay Peninsula, Francis Light from the
British East India Company offered the British
military protection while Sultan of Kedah offered
the Penang Island. It was then informed that, this
great offer benefits the British and Penang would
be a convenient magazine for trade.
Johor, who was once the Sultan of Malacca. After
the conquest, fine public buildings and churches
were built, which remain the most solid facts of
European presents. The Dutch has also set up
a government in Malacca, as it was important
for the VOC strategies due to its location in the
main trading route to the Far East and formidable
strategic outpost. It was the period where Malacca
became the center for peninsular trade again.
Colonialism of Kuala Lumpur begins with the
exploitation of tin extraction industry by Raja
Abdullah, which started the settlements along the
Klang Valley. It soon grew into a mining town of
gambling dens and brothels as well as infamous
Chinese clans. Rivalry and civil war between the
interest parties were soon erupted, leading to the
chaos and wars. These caused the involvement of
British by appointing Kapitan Yap Ah Loy, the third
leader of Chinese Community to restore peace into
the mining town.After the death of Kapitan Yap, Sir
Frank Swettenham was appointed as the Resident
in 1885 along with the completion of railway roads
connecting the town to port Klang, presenting the
official colonial era of British in Kuala Lumpur.
On the other hand, heritage site and the colonial
buildings are in sad state of disrepair under govern
of Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur.Responsibility
is on the building owners to ensure their properties
are in good state. But this promises are seem to
be faded. Without the actions taken by the local
authority or the National Heritage Commissioner,
heritage values of Kuala Lumpur will slowly
declining.
Melaka and George Town are two of the historic
colonial towns on the Straits of Malacca that
demonstrates the accession of cultural and
historical influences arising from the former
function as trading ports linking the East and
the West. Under the World Heritage List and
the protection and preservation by UNESCO,
both cities and complete surviving historic city
centres of Straits of Malacca with a multi-cultural
heritage starting from the trading business from
Great Britain through the Middle East, the India
subcontinent and the Malay Archipelago to China.
Both cultural townscapes manifest an adequate
state of conservation although efforts are required
to preserve the colonial buildings and shop houses.
COMPARING COLONIALISM WITH
KUALA LUMPUR
Figure 2.3 (Left): The Old
Fort Gateway, Malacca.
Local children posing
before the Porta de
Santiago. From a postcard
circa 1910-1920.
Figure 2.4 (Right):
Malacca River 1907,
Church of St. Francis
Xavier in the background.
Figure 2.5 (Left): The Port of Penang at Weld Quay in the
1910s.
Figure 2.6 (Top): Original Kuala Lumpur railway station
before it was placed.
Figure 2.7: First railroad station built in 1886 and the main
terminal building built in 1914.
Figure 2.8:
Faded essence
of colonialism
in Jalan Tun
H.S. Lee, Kuala
Lumpur.
Page 13Page 12
8. CATEGORIZATION OF PATTERNS
IN JALAN H.S. LEE
Figure 2.9: Table of categorization of patterns in Jalan Tun H.S. Lee.
KEYWORDS PRESERVED FRAGMENTED FADED
HARMONIOUS STREETSCAPE (VIBRANT TOWNSCAPE)
The shop houses varying in styles but still conform to the basic design
during colonial period. The different detailing such as carvings shows
different vibrancy of identity.
AXIAL DOMINANCE
Governmental, commercial and residential zone is separated geographically
by the Malacca River.
ORGANIC DIFFUSAL
The predominant area sprawls and diffuses into the linear yet organic grid
of the city.
HIDDEN BACK ALLEY
The perimeter block typology gave rise to prominent row-houses facades,
thus creating intimate linear spaces both front and back.
TRANSPARENT INTERIORITY AND EXTERIORITY
The use of five foot walkway provides a sense of transparency between
inside and outside of shop houses and it increases the level of interaction.
ADAPTIVE FAÇADE (WELCOMING FAÇADES)
Cultural characteristics and identity is molded over times when hosting by
different countries in the past.
DISORDERED LINEARITY
Linearly arranged shop houses are designed in their own way and to their
function. Along the street, they look random and disordered.
URBAN LINKAGE
The street planning defines the linkage for human access by the five foot
walkway in front of façade.
SURPRISING HIERARCHY
Streets are arranged in hierarchy order based on social and job during
colonial period
SPATIAL REDEFINITION
The diffusion of form and movement spaces gives the users freedom to infill
their own intention to the space, by privatize, personalize or redefining a
new means to the space.
KEYWORDS PRESERVED FRAGMENTED FADED
RE-OCCURRING NODE (ENGAGING NODES)
The religious building naturally defined the public and private zoning to the
street.
INTER-GENERATIONAL INTERACTION
People walking on the streets can experience the interaction beyond
generation.
SOCIAL SEGREGATION
Zoning was divided according to business, trading activities and commercial
events.
DISTINCTIVE VALUE (ADAPTING TO CONTROL)
The uniqueness in architecture, culture and townscape are reflected by the
buildings built by different outsiders at different times. And the plot width
of each building varied throughout the town because of government
intervention.
INVISIBLE BOUNDARY
Religious buildings contribute to the higher contact intensity at the area.
FRAMES OF DIRECTIONAL QUALITY
Arrangement of coarse and fine grain buildings blurred the sense of
direction on the site.
DIVERSIFIED TYPOLOGIES
Linear arrangement of shop houses arranged like a box with private area in
the center and the governmental and religious building are in point
arrangement.
ENCLOSING EDGES
The clear boundary set by the nature topography limit the local’s daily
activities and depth of viewing the surrounding.
REPRESENTATIONAL ORNAMENTATION
Façade ornamentation depicts the influence and affluence of owners.
DOMINANT RULERS
Large and elaborate scale of the building creates overwhelming sense of
control from colonial rulers.
Page 15Page 14
9. to the last residential community left, near Jalan
Petaling. Being a commercial district by nature,
the urban sprawl is non-organic, the residential
spaces has been constantly being redefined for
commercial usage due to the intense competition
in this linear busy district.Hence, the fragmentation
results in the very minimal existence of residential
community in this part of Kuala Lumpur.
SPATIAL REDEFINITION
Malacca
The diffusion of the form and configuration of
Malacca due to the organic sprawl, creates spaces
where people can infill their individual intentions,
privatizing and personalizing the spaces. Hence,
redefining the characteristics of spaces, giving
birth to vibrant and diverse culture sprawl.Claiming
an identity uniquely known only for Malacca.
Jalan H.S. Lee
Through the evolvement of time, the shophouses’
function as a mixed residential and commercial
use has been fading immensely. Running down
DEMOGRAPHICS
COLLAGE CITY
PART 3:
Figure 3.1: Spatial redefinition in Jalan Tun H.S. Lee.
Page 17Page 16
10. Jalan H.S. Lee
The edge is defined by the function and scale of
buildings.The streetscape level and the scale of the
pedestrian walkway creates a sense of intimacy.
The movement and visual continuity along the
path which connects with the shoplots, resulted
in an informal edge of space, reassure and draw
pedestrian into the building.
INVISIBLE BOUNDARY
Georgetown
The religious buildings are the primary gathering
spot for the community. Comparing with the road,
they have higher contact intensity.
Jalan H.S. Lee
The streetscape level and the scale of the
pedestrian walkway creates a sense of intimacy.
The movement and visual continuity along the
path which connects the shops creates an informal
edge of space which reassure and draw pedestrian
into the building.
ENCLOSING EDGES
Georgetown
Higher topography bounded flat paddy field from
easternpartoftheGeorgetownwithhillsandforests
landscape view.Hills became edges disconnecting
development in Georgetown from other parts of
Penang. The colonial development leans more
towards the western part of the Georgetown
development. this clear boundary sets limitation to
the local where the ‘end’ of Georgetown is clearly
revealed, confirming their daily activities and depth
of views to the surrounding.
Figure 3.2 (Top): Invisible boundary in Georgetown.
Figure 3.3 (Bottom): Invisible boundary in Jalan Tun H.S. Lee.
Figure 3.4 (Top): Enclosing edges in Georgetown.
Figure 3.5 (Right): Enclosing edges in Jalan Tun H.S. Lee.
Page 19Page 18
11. because the homes to people from the lower class.
Jalan H.S. Lee
The buildings of Jalan Tun H.S. Lee are seems
to be grouped together randomly and disorderly
according to their function and style. The buildings
are mostly shophouses from during the colonial
period and after. The commercial activities seem
to mix with the religious activities happening along
the street. Each building has different heights,
scales and styles from different time zone. Some
of the colonial buildings were demolished and
replaced by taller or larger buildings. However
some colonial shophouses were converted for
other uses.
VIBRANT TOWNSCAPE
Georgetown
The different ornaments and carvings from the
shop houses shows different vibrancy of identity
and also the cultural diversity of Penang.
Jalan H.S. Lee
The historical buildings and shop houses were
preserved but serving different functions with the
past. Refurbishment of the shop houses by the
owners to attract tourists and locals.
DISORDERED LINEARITY
Malacca
During the colonization era, streets of Malacca
were segregated according to social order.
Religious buildings like churches, temples and
mosques were built along Harmony Street.
Each religious buildings façades have different
decorative religious ornaments from different
religions. In Heeren Street, the façade of the shop
houses are famous for their ornaments and are
heavy decorated which proved it had mostly rich
and wealthy upper class people. The façade of
shop houses in Jonker Street were less decorative
and simple compared to Heeren Street probably
VIBRANT TOWNSCAPE
Figure 3.6 (Top): Vibrant townscape in Georgetown.
Figure 3.7 (Right): Vibrant townscape in Jalan Tun H.S. Lee.
Figure 3.8 (Top): Disordered linearity in Malacca.
Figure 3.9 (Right): Disordered linearity in Jalan Tun H.S.
Lee.
Page 21Page 20
12. Georgetown
The nodes along the axial of Pitt streets encourage
movement of users. Pedestrian walkway and
usable spaces are built in front of private buildings
within the primary road to allow for activities and
creating landscapes.
Jalan H.S. Lee
The nodes along the Jalan H.S.Lee streets created
a point to point movement where it comes out with
different communities from northern to southern.
The community started from retailed shops ,
office buildings, tourist spots and administration
buildings.
DIVERSIFIED TYPOLOGIES
Georgetown
The typologies are organized and eccentric. A
clear linear form arrangement forming a box within
gridline and facing outward with private in the
center of the box whereas another side of George
Town causes randomly and loose by failure of
agriculture used to develop. Due to the loose grid
formation, the buildings becomes more identical
and significant, shows a point form where it comes
out with different setbacks , experiences and scale.
Jalan H.S. Lee
A clear and continuous linear arrangement of
shiphouses along the Jalan Tun H.S. Lee. The
street does intersecting another street created a
triangle space as a park for social gathering.
REOCCURING NODES + ENGAGEMENT
PATTERNS
Malacca
On Jalan Tokong/Emas/Besi, religious buildings
stands out as public nodes since colonial periods.
Their perimeter defines the public and private
realms along the street. Occasions are not needed
to gather people in these places, as they became
a part of the community, its the sense of belonging
it offers to the people. The significance of these
built forms exhibits the identity of this stretch of
the road.
Figure 3.10 (Left): Diversified typologies in Jalan Tun H.S.
Lee.
Figure 3.11 (Top): Location of triangle space park in Jalan
Tun H.S. Lee.
Figure 3.12 (Top): Reoccuring nodes in Malacca.
Figure 3.13 (Bottom): Engagement patterns in Georgetown.
Figure 3. 14 (Right): Nodes and engagements in Jalan Tun
H.S. Lee.
Page 23Page 22
13. Georgetown
Length of shop houses are longer than its width
to avoid extra taxation and land cost set by the
government in Georgetown.
Jalan H.S. Lee
As transportation, human needs and experiences
is more important in a high density city, the power
of planning has been shifted from the government’s
plan to functionality. The public buildings and
commercial area was built near the transportation
hub to allow easier access to public buildings and
entertainments. The main method of travelling has
also been shifted from walking and private vehicular
ADAPTING TO CONTROL + DISTINCTIVE
VALUES
Malacca
The incredibly diverse mix of different political,
religious and culture influences reflects through
the architectural style and urban form is unique
and unparalleled in Southeast Asia. From the
shophouses itself, has exceptional inherent
qualities from the layering of Dutch and Portuguese
colonial influences. Exhibiting values distinctive
solely to Malacca.
to public transportation like LRT and bus, as the
convenience of accessing to public transport and
from public transport to certain destination have
been highly improved becase of the shift of power
which focuses to functionality.
DOMINANCE OF POWER
Figure 3.15: Distinctive Values in
Malacca.
Figure 3.16: Adapting to control in
Penang.
Figure 3.17: Distinctive values
and adapting to control in
Jalan Tun H.S. Lee.
Page 25Page 24
14. ADAPTIVE FACADES
Georgetown
The facades are the outcome of preserving of
heritage shown by our ancestors. Each of them
have their own identity & character that adapt &
convert into local influences based on the functions.
Jalan H.S. Lee
As an effect of gentrification, the shop facades
were refurbished or renovated. The façade have
influence by local character, therefore the facade
might varies to perform different function. Some
become large and welcoming to attract tourists and
locals to fulfil the commercializing requirements.
REPRESENTATIONAL ORNAMENTATIONS
Georgetown
The façade ornamentations depict the influence/
affluence and also the economic disparities
between the owners. Also, the ornamentations
represent the owner’s level of wealth and status in
the community at the time
Jalan H.S. Lee
The purpose of preserving the ornamentations is to
indicate function and status of the building, where
they were separated into religious, commercial
and residential buildings.
REPRESENTATION OF FUNCTIONS
Figure 3.18 (Top): Adaptive facades in Georgetown.
Figure 3.19 (Right): Adaptive facades in Jalan Tun H.S. Lee.
Figure 3.20: Representational ornamentations in Jalan Tun
H.S. Lee.
Page 27Page 26
15. Jalan H.S. Lee
The presence of back alleys are still exist along
Jalan H.S. Lee.The intimate linear spaces are
determined by the same front and back of the
facades of building. Due to urbanisation and fading
of the culture, the function and activity of the back
alley become different from the old times.The back
facade are blocked by the owner of the buildings
for their own usage. This has caused the back
alleys are not longer a circulation pathway, and
lose its surprising feelings between front and back
streetscapes.
features of the shophouses in Malacca. This
feature was adopted when Early Transitional
Style shophouses in the 19th century were built
and subsequent styles followed. Unlike the early
Dutch shophouses which only has a private porch
which is always separated, the five foot walkway
provides shading for pedestrians and the shops
at the ground floor. The northern and southern
section of the street still maintains the five foot
walkway regardless if the building was newly
built or renovated as some modern buildings built
still preserve these features, turning them into
temporary market stalls or shade against rain and
sun.
HIDDEN BACK ALLEY
Malacca
In Malacca city the back alleys are created through
the orientation of rows of shophouses.The intimate
linear spaces are determined by front and back of
the facades of buildings.It gives surprising contrast
between the front and back streetscapes. The
width of front roads are wider than the back lanes
and the space usages between these two lanes
are different. The front road are used as vehicular
and pedestrians pathway as connection to the
other city. In the old days people also used the
back lanes as their circulation path which makes a
destination more accessible.
TRANSPARENT INTERIOR/EXTERIOR
Malacca
The use of five foot walkways is one the main
features of the shophouses in Malacca. This
feature was adopted when Early Transitional
Style shophouses in the 19th century were built
and subsequent styles followed. Unlike the early
Dutch shophouses which only has a private porch
which is always separated, the five foot walkway
provides shading for pedestrians and the shops at
the ground floor.
Jalan H.S. Lee
The use of five foot walkways is one the main
CONNECTIVITY
Figure 3.21 (Top): Hidden back alley in Malacca.
Figure 3.22 (Right): Hidden back alley in Jalan Tun H.S.
Lee.
Figure 3.23: Transparent interior/exterior in Jalan Tun H.S.
Lee.
Page 29Page 28
16. creates continuity in the area, as the framed view
turns out to be checkpoints leading to the end of
the street, or to the street from the linkages.
Jalan H.S. Lee
This street is interconnected with nodes such as:
Central Market Pasar Seni, Petaling Street and
religious buildings by the side lane and small alleys.
The verandah ways are also preserved. There is
a landscaped public meeting area built for better
experiences and also reduced the congestions at
this busy road. Besides that, there are bus stations
and LRT stations built around this area and further
improved the possibility of economic and social
interactions along the streets. The linkages also
improved the urban usage of the whole town. The
visual qualities also keep changing when you
make a turn from one lane to another. So there is
no fixed here-ness and there-ness along the street.
FRAMES OF DIRECTIONAL QUALITY
Georgetown
Unorganized urban grain and diversity of road
width at the west side blurring sense of direction.
Organized grid pattern at the east side allows
street view to be framed from one end to another.
Jalan H.S. Lee
Linear form of Jalan Tun H.S.Lee Creates a long
street alongside with series of shophouses, which
frames the views at the end of the street or turning
point.The framed view on the street helps creating
better directional quality and continuity which
URBAN LINKAGE
Malacca
Urban linkage are the infrastructures supporting
flows from, to and between nodes. The lowest
level of linkage includes streets. In Malacca,
the streets are planned in a way to improve the
movement of both pedestrian and vehicular. The
easy access for human and vehicular will support
and improve the urban usage.The small alleys also
joined the nodes of Jonker Street and Harmonious
Street together, at the same time it generates an
economic and social engagement between locals
and tourists.
Figure 3.26 (Top): Urban linkage in Malacca.
Figure 3.27 (Right): Urban linkage in Jalan Tun H.S. Lee.
Figure 3.24 (Top): Frames of directional quality in
Georgetown.
Figure 3.25 (Right): Frames of directional quality in Jalan
Tun H.S. Lee.
Page 31Page 30
17. Georgetown would be a better and preferred
colonial town that is still preserved by UNESCO,
to be studied and as a quality experiential town to
live in. Rich cultural legacy and heritage remind
the background and history of the town, from there,
moral values and lessons can be extracted through
the self-experience in this well preserved heritage
site. Not just the colonialism characteristics that is
preserved, the sense of welcoming and community
of the heritage site are kept in every buildings.
- Yan Wai Chun
Georgetown, Penang would be my favorite city,
with the rich culture of different eras has many
influence in the architecture of the building which
gives them an identity to the city. The traditional
five-foot walkway serve as a buffer zone between
the shophouses and the vehicular pathways. It
creates a sense of interaction between the user
and the environment. The pedestrian walkway
links to most of the places around Georgetown, as
the distance between the point of contact are very
close to each other.
- Tiong Jia Min
Georgetown, Penang remains the favorite town
of choice as it is well preserved in terms of its
cultural essence and heritage color in buildings.
The practice of conserving cultural buildings by
the government and the UNESCO enables the
exposure of rich cultural background towards the
education associations, understanding different
practices of different cultures.Walkability of streets
also has made the atmosphere more welcoming,
allowing pedestrians to experience the essence of
place.
- Tan Jo Lynn
TALES OF
WISHES
PART 4:
Page 33Page 32
18. Among the three cities, I favour Kuala Lumpur
the most because of the vibrant streetscapes and
the diversity of human activities in this city. This
city seems to be a harmonious combination of the
characteristics from the other two cities. Unlike the
zoning typologies of different building functions
in Georgetown, Kuala Lumpur is a successor to
combine different cultures and practices together.
Visiting this city allows you to experience multiple
culture and human activities all at once.
- Eddie Goh
Among the three cities, I like Malacca the most
and it is because compare to Penang and Kuala
Lumpur, Malacca has a more multi-cultural society
and most of the historical elements are well
preserved until nowadays. In Penang, people are
zoned into different settlement. In Kuala Lumpur,
the buildings or the streets’ identities are remolded
into a totally different way because of the desire of
locals in commercial events or business purposes.
- Jacky Ting
With globalization spreading like wildfire in almost
every major city, its illustrious histories are slowly
being wiped away and forgotten.But Malacca is not
that city. It may have its large developments but it is
not at the expense of heritage-value shophouses
and its urbanscape. The priceless shophouses
and colonial buildings are well preserved as a large
scale museum for generations to come. Malacca
is something we all need a little bit more in this
ever-growing world.
- James Wong
In my opinion, I would prefer Kuala Lumpur
because Kuala Lumpur has its different promising
landmarks for tourist attraction and at the same
time it provide interests to local alike. For example,
the modern designs of buildings co-exist with older
traditional architecture that bring out sensibility to
the urbanscape. Another point is the movement
pattern of this city , the public transport system is
well-planned to proritize users and it does create a
environment-friendly city. It is very convenient for
exploring around the city. Lastly, the mix forms of
the architecture has beautify and turn it into a very
artistic city.
- Tan Chin Yin
The city I would like to choose is Georgetown,
Penang. The rich culture and heritage buildings
create an identity of the place which makes the
city filled with a strong sense of local culture, and
it is strongly kept. The planning of the city focuses
on keeping the cultural heritage, and enhancing
the public realm to create a better environment
for pedestrians, when the best way of exploring
Georgetown is by walking. From the streets,
buildings, people, culture and activities, all of these
elements in Georgetown maintains a very strong
historical value, keeping the sense of place, and
its identity as a historical site.
- Teo Hong Wei
I would prefer Malacca. This is because Malacca
preserve their historical elements better and the
historical elements are still useful nowadays.
Such as the shop houses are being replenish but
it still keeps the styles and most of the historical
elements. Unlike at Kuala Lumpur, the historical
buildings are there due to its aesthetic, but it had
already lost of its function, become an abandoned
place.
- Khoo Zer Kai
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19. If it comes down to a single city to be favored, it has
to be Malacca. The reason would be that Malacca
is the origin of all colonial cities in Malayan ground.
Its shifts of colonial superpowers during the 16th
century, heavily influencing the urban fabric of the
once fishing village to a blooming colonial city.
Inducing vibrant mix of culture and built forms,
creating a townscape of harmonious mixes. With
the addition of pedestrian scale in Malacca,
advocates tremendous human circulation rather
than vehicular. Shaping the form and content of
this renowned UNESCO’s heritage site, in which
today, we Malaysian proudly speak of.
- Nge Jia Chen
I would prefer Malacca, Georgetown and Kuala
Lumpur is the city of Malacca. I felt that the city
of Malacca fill with historical significance which
had mainly influence the culture and ways of living
of the local people in Malacca. The culture and
history of Malacca had also bring many influences
to the architectural styles of Malacca and it gives a
very unique characteristics and values to Malacca
which have to be preserved so that its stories were
never be forgotten.
- Lai Tzexiuan
The city I would like the most is the Malacca city
where it shows multi-ethnic community that lived in
harmony. Especially the Harmony Street consists
of 6 places of worship which has created many
public spaces for community to gather around
and celebrate. They still preserve this welcoming
culture towards people nowadays, embracing their
cultural heritage and historic buildings into their
own identity.Compare this to Kuala Lumpur city, the
sense of harmony in the community has already
faded and the shophouses buildings there have
been taken by non-local residents for commercial
usage.
- Lee Suk Fang
I would choose Malacca because the historical still
remain from very past to now and it looks perfectly.
Malacca preserve their historical elements well
and all of it are still on the spot. Malacca left
many historical from such as Portuguese, British
and so on. This tell us Malacca has a very well
management of city planning , economics and
culture. Compare to Kuala Lumpur , Kuala Lumpur
buildings are due to its aesthetic , but mostly are
lost its own function and identity.
- Lucas Ong Tun Cheik
Georgetown continues to be my favourite city as
the form as the essence of the city is protected by
its people and the local government, both which
played a role in preserving the city, the local culture
and heritage. Georgetown combines the essence
of Malaysia into a single city, where it is famous for
great food, colonial buildings and short buildings
as humble as Malaysians.
- Tan Jee Khium
I would prefer Malacca for my tales of wishes
for how localised and pedestrain friendly the city
is. Due to its rich history, Malacca is the closest
“medieval” city we could ever get in Malaysia. It is
a mixing chamber of cultures from the Portuguese,
Dutch and British and adapted with a Malaysian
twist. The status of a heritage site makes it that
Malacca is the least vehicular oriented city of the
three.Thus, with its increased walkability it is a city
that would encourage me to go out and interact with
the city more often. With more people outside their
homes, I believe the community would function
better with the increased contact opportunities.
- Koh Sung Jie
Page 37Page 36