Amino acids and its classification

1. Amino acids and its Classification
Dr. Vikas Kumar
School of Biotechnology
Shoolini University
Village Bajhol, Solan (H.P)
+91 9459527906
vikaskmr59@gmail.com

2. What are amino acids?
• Building Blocks of Proteins
• Organic compounds that contain amine (–NH2) and carboxyl (–
COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific
to each amino acid
•More than 300 amino acids are found in nature but only 22
amino acids are standard and present in protein because they are
coded by genes. Other amino acids are modified amino acids
and called non-protein amino acids.

3. Different Amino acids
1. Glycine,
2. Alanine,
3. Valine,
4. Leucine,
5. Isoleucine,
6. Methionine,
7. Proline
8. Phenylalanine,
9. Tyrosine,
10.Tryptophan,
11.Serine,
12.Threonine,
13.Cysteine,
14.Asparagine,
15.Glutamine,
16.Glutamic Acid,
17.Aspartic Acid,
18. Lysine,
19.Arginine,
20.Histidine,
21.Pyrrolysine,
22.Selenocysteine

4. Criteria for Classification of amino acids
 Structure
 R-group
 Nutrition
 Metabolic fate

5. Classification of amino acids based on Structure
Aminoacids
Aliphatic amino acids
Aromatic amino acids
Heterocyclic amino
acids
Imino acids
Derived amino acids
Mono amino mono carboxylic acid
Di/Poly amino monocarboxylic acid
Mono amino dicarboxylic acid

6. Mono amino mono carboxylic acid
Mono amino mono carboxylic
acid
Simple amino acids
Branched chain amino acids
-OH group amino acids
Sulphur –amino acids
Amide-amino acids

8. Mono amino dicarboxylic acid
Di/poly amino mono carboxylic acid

9. Aromatic amino acids Heterocyclic amino acids

10. Imino amino acid

11. Derived amino acids
Non-α-amino acids
Derived and
incorporated in tissue
protein
Derived and incorporated
in tissue protein
Derived amino
acids
Ornithine

12. Classification based on side chain
Amino acid
amino acids with non-polar
side chain
amino acids with polar, but
uncharged side chain
amino acids with charged
side chain
Alanine, valine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Phenyl
alanine, Tryptophan and Proline
Serine, Threonine, Tyrosine, Cysteine,
Asparagine, and Glutamine
Aspartic acid, and Glutamic acid
Lysine, Arginine and Histidine

13. Based Upon nutritional requirement
Non-Essential amino acids Essential amino acids
Amino acids
Semi-essential amino acid
Arginine and Histidine

14. Distribution in Proteins
Standard Protein amino
acids
Non-Standard protein amino
acids
Amino acids
Ornithine, Citrulline, beta-alanine
Histidine, Isoleucine, Lysine,
Leucine, Methionine etc.

15. Based upon metabolic fate
Ketogenic and
glucogenic amino
acids
Glucogenic amino acids
Amino acids
Ketogenic amino acids
A glucogenic amino acid is an amino acid that can be converted into glucose through gluconeogenesis.
Ketogenic amino acids, which are converted into ketone bodies.
leucine and lysinephenylalanine, isoleucine,
threonine, tryptophan
and tyrosine

16. Thank you