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AIRCOM LTE Webinar 1 - Network Architecture
The document is a presentation on LTE network architecture by Aircom International, outlining the roles and functions of various components such as eNodeB, serving gateway, and PDN gateway. It introduces the presenters and provides an overview of Aircom's background and training offerings, emphasizing their expertise in mobile network planning and management. The presentation includes details on communication protocols and procedures relevant to LTE technology and concludes with an invitation for further engagement through upcoming webinars.
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AIRCOM LTE Webinar 1 - Network Architecture
- 1. © 2013 AIRCOMInternational Ltd AIRCOM LTE Webinar Series: LTE Network Architecture The webinar will start shortly. Graham Whyley Lead LTE Technical Trainer
- 2. © 2013 AIRCOMInternational Ltd AIRCOM LTE Webinar Series: LTE Network Architecture Graham Whyley Lead LTE Technical Trainer
- 3. 3 © 2013AIRCOM International Ltd About the Presenters Graham Whyley – Lead Technical Trainer AIRCOM Technical Master Trainer since 2005 Currently responsible for all LTE training course creation and delivery Over 20 years of training experience at companies including British Telecom and Fujitsu Contact us on training@aircominternational.com Adam Moore – Learning & Development Manager With AIRCOM since 2006 Member of CIPD
- 4. 4 © 2013AIRCOM International Ltd About AIRCOM Founded in 1995 14 offices worldwide Over 150 LTE customers Acquired Symena in 2012 Products deployed in 159 countries Comprehensive Tool and technology training portfolio Network Advise Audit PlanOptimise Manage AIRCOM is the leading provider of mobile network planning, optimisation and management software and consultancy services. Find out more at www.aircominternational.com
- 5. 5 © 2013AIRCOM International Ltd Agenda LTE Network Architecture Overview Function of the eNodeB Function of the X2 Function of the Serving Gateway Function of the PDN Gateway Some of the functions of the MME
- 6. 6 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd eNodeB interfaces Evolved Node B (eNB) LTE-Uu Air-Interface Bandwidth (MHz) 1.4 3 5 10 15 20 MME: Mobility Management Entity S1-MME S1-MME The eNB and MME support IPv6 and/or IPv4 The IP layer of S1-MME only supports point-to-point transmission for delivering S1-AP message MIB VLR 192.1.1.4 192.1.1.5 192.1.1.6 64QAM 6bits/Hz 16QAM 4bits/Hz QPSK 2 bts/hz dynamic adaptive modulation Radio Conditions SINR
- 7. 7 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd eNodeB interfaces Evolved Node B (eNB) L1 MAC RLC PDCP RRC L1 MAC RLC PDCP RRC UE eNode B Air- Interface control plane Signalling tracking area update NAS NASAttach : IMSI OR GUTI MME: Mobility Management Entity S1-MME Paging RRC Signalling IMSI S-TMSI Tracking Area International mobile Subscriber Identity or IMSI The TMSI It is allocated to a particular subscriber's (U)SIM card) during initial attach. HSS Home Subscriber Server
- 8. 8 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd Paging with s-TMSI The UE needs to know the MME id For routing NAS message to the appropriate MME
- 9. 9 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd Attach Accept MME: Mobility Management Entity Group 1 Code 1 S1-MME Attach Accept Periodic TAU: Upon the expiry of timer T3412 Globally Unique Temporary ID
- 10. 10 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd Tracking Area Update – IDLE LTE Non Access Stratum (NAS) The LTE NAS protocol software enables communication with the MME in the LTE core network and handles functions of mobility Tracking AreaTracking Area Tracking Area Identity = MCC (Mobile Country Code), MNC (Mobile Network Code) and TAC (Tracking Area Code NAS: Tracking Area update Attach request, Tracking Area update etc Attach accept: IP address, S-TMSI, QCI etc.
- 11. 11 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd Globally Unique Temporary ID Tracking Area Tracking Area NAS: Tracking Area update The TRACKING AREA UPDATING (TAU) procedure is always initiated by the UE. Normal TAU Combined TAU Periodic TAU: Upon the expiry of timer T3412 MME load balancing: When the UE receives RRC CONNECTION RELEASE message with cause ‘load balancing TAU required', it initiates TAU procedure MME Code MME Group MME Code
- 12. 12 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd eNodeB interfaces Evolved Node B (eNB) L1 MAC RLC PDCP RRC eNode BAir- Interface control plane Signalling L1 MAC RLC PDCP RRC eNode B RRC CONNECTION RECONFIGURATION message is the command to modify an RRC connection. · To establish/modify/release Radio Bearers · To perform Handover · To setup/modify/release Measurements Other examples – RRCConnectionReject – RRCConnectionRelease – RRCConnectionRequest – RRCConnectionSetup RRC Connection Reconfiguration RRC: Measurement Report
- 13. 13 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd eNodeB interfaces Evolved Node B (eNB) MME: Mobility Management Entity S1-MME LTE-Uu Air-Interface 64QAM 16QAM QPSK dynamic adaptive modulation Radio Conditions SINR scheduler Data I need to give QoS Serving GatewayData Data S1-U Control Plane User Plane
- 14. 14 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd Function Evolved Node B (eNB) RRM Radio Resource Management is made up of a number of closely interdependent functions (i.e. algorithms) These functions can be divided into: Load control (LC) Admission control (AC) Packet scheduling (PS) CCCH:RRC Connection Request Admission control Load control Evolved Node B (eNB) Packet Scheduling RRC IDLE CCCH:RRC Connection Accept OR Reject
- 15. 15 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd Function Evolved Node B (eNB) Evolved Node B (eNB) Packet Scheduling RRC CONNECTED DataData I need to give QoS L1/L2 IP UDP GTP-U eNode B L1 MAC RLC PDCP L1 MAC RLC PDCP UE IP Relay Air-Interface TCP/UDP Application USER PLANE Data Different Applications QoSClassIdentifier
- 16. 16 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd Function Evolved Node B (eNB) Evolved Node B (eNB) Packet Scheduling RRC CONNECTED DataData I need to give QoS What are some of the inputs I need Load control Radio Conditions- Channel State Information To include SINR REAL /NON REAL TIME GBR/MBR
- 17. 17 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd Function Evolved Node B (eNB) Evolved Node B (eNB) Packet Scheduling RRC CONNECTED DataData PS allocates frequency and Time to the UE Evolved Node B (eNB) Packet Scheduling RRC CONNECTED DataData PS allocates frequency and Time to the UE What happens if we allocate same Frequency & time? We need an interface
- 18. 18 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd Function Evolved Node B (eNB) Evolved Node B (eNB) Packet Scheduling RRC CONNECTED DataData Load controlI am congested Evolved Node B (eNB) Packet Scheduling RRC CONNECTED DataData I need to handover Measurement Report Admission control Can I handover
- 19. 19 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd Function Evolved Node B (eNB) – LOAD INFORMATION – X2 SETUP FAILURE – RESET REQUEST X2 Admission control Load control Packet Scheduling Admission control Load control Packet Scheduling – HANDOVER REQUEST
- 20. 20 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd One of the Functions of the X2 Source eNodeB Target eNodeB Measurement Report Handover Decision X2: Handover Request X2: Handover Request Ack Admission control Load control L1 MAC RLC PDCP RRC eNode B
- 21. 21 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd Serving Gateway-User Plane Serving Gateway Packet Scheduling S1-U S5 DATA SGSN Packet Scheduling MME: Mobility Management Entity S11 X2 RRC CONNECTED
- 22. 22 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd X2 Serving Gateway Serving Gateway Packet Scheduling S1-U S5 DATA SGSN Packet Scheduling MME: Mobility Management Entity S11 Measurement Report – HANDOVER REQUEST Switch Path request
- 23. 23 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd UE eNodeB Policy based QoS handling and IP packet mux and demux above bearer level Policy based QoS handling and IP packet mux and demux above bearer level Data Radio Bearers E-UTRAN Access Bearers Signaling Radio Bearers S1 Aggregated IP Flows Aggregated IP Flows S-GW … n1 Best Effort VoIP Video StreamingUu QoS Flow 1 QoS Flow 1 QoS Flow 2 QoS Flow 2 QoS Flow 3 QoS Flow 3 Prio 1-Q Prio 3-Q Prio 2-Q MAC Mux MAC Scheduler E-UTRAN Radio Access Bearers (E-RAB) C-Plane Signalling A high priority signaling (message) bearer (SRB2 A low priority signaling (message) bearer (SRB1) QoS Class Identifier
- 24. 24 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd PDN Gateway – User Plane Serving Gateway Packet Scheduling S1-U SGSN Packet Scheduling MME: Mobility Management Entity S11 S5 S8 ROAMING DATA FLOW PDN Gateway
- 25. 25 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd X2 Admission control Load control Packet Scheduling Admission control Load control Packet Scheduling Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN) MME S6a Serving Gateway S1-U S11 Evolved Packet Core (EPC) S1-MME PDN Gateway Internet/IMS PCRF S7 S5 HSS MME: Mobility Management Entity Policy & Charging Rule Function LTE Network Architecture
- 26. 26 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd LTE is all IP 192.128.10.0 192.128.10.101 Router / Gateway MME Serving Gateway HSS Network 10.X.XX.X2 S1 PCI GCID VLAN ID Host address: 192.128.10.1 Mask: 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway: 192.128.10.101 192.128.10.2 192.128.10.4 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.4 10.1.1.6
- 27. 27 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd User plane - Bearers Serving Gateway P- Gateway S1-U S5LTE-Uu PDN End to End Bearer EPS Bearer External Bearer Radio Bearer S1 - Bearer S5 - Bearer E-RAB
- 28. 28 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd Bearers Serving Gateway P- Gateway S1-U S5LTE-Uu Default Bearer PDN PDN Default EPS Bearer : Be established during Attach Process Allocate IP address to UE Does not have specifc QoS (only Nominal QoS is applied). Dedicated Bearer Dedicated Bearer Normally be established during the call setup after idle mode. Have a specific (usually guaranteed) QoS Dedicated Bearer Does not allocate any additional IP address to UE Is linked to a specified default EPS bearer Default Bearer Dedicated Bearer Default bearers are created on a per PDN basis. Each default bearer comes with an IP address Packet Scheduling Packet Scheduling Packet Scheduling Packet Scheduling
- 29. 29 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd Bearers-QoS Class Identifier Serving Gateway P- Gateway S1-U S5LTE-Uu Default Bearer PDN Dedicated Bearer A packet with higher priority can be expected to be scheduled before a packet with lower priority. Packet Scheduling Packet Scheduling
- 30. 30 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd EPS Connection Management (ECM) Serving Gateway P- Gateway S1-U S5LTE-Uu PDN End to End Bearer External BearerS5 - Bearer In this state, it would be inappropriate to keep all the bearers in place, because the network would have to re-route them whenever the mobile moved from one cell to another, even though they would not be carrying any information. The network tears down a mobile’s S1 bearers and radio bearers whenever the mobile enters ECM-IDLE ECM-IDLE In the EMM-REGISTERED and ECM-IDLE state
- 31. 31 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd Key Points and Wrap Up Function of the eNodeB Function of the X2 Function of the Serving Gateway Function of the PDN Gateway Some of the functions of the MME
- 32. 32 © 2012AIRCOM International Ltd LTE RAN Portfolio Contact us on training@aircominternational.com
- 33. 33 © 2013AIRCOM International Ltd New course available System Information Blocks & Parameters PRACH parameters Measurement Reports & parameters Paging & CS fall-back PDCCH & Resource allocation RRC Signalling & parameters Attach Procedure & parameters IP Multimedia Subsystem Overview KPI’s for LTE P036: LTE –Troubleshooting & Optimization (Signaling, Parameters & KPI’s) – 5 Days
- 34. 34 © 2013AIRCOM International Ltd In Closing Thank you for attending Next webinar will be on the 31st October Webinars webpage – keep up to date and register to receive email alerts on new webinars http://www.aircominternational.com/Webinars.aspx
- 35. © 2013 AIRCOMInternational Ltd Questions?