AILMENTS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM BY MS. FAM.
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DISEASES IN THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM - Student Nurses
This document discusses diseases that can affect the digestive system. It begins by providing context about the location being studied - Butuan City in the Philippines. It then describes diseases that can occur in different parts of the digestive system, including the mouth (such as thrush), salivary glands, pharynx (such as sore throat), esophagus (such as ulcers), stomach (such as gastritis), and other areas. It lists symptoms and treatments for many of these conditions. The document concludes by providing tips for taking care of digestive health, such as eating fiber-rich foods and fish.
Ailments And Disorders Of The Digestive System And
The document discusses several common ailments of the digestive system, including indigestion, flatulence, constipation, gastric ulcer, hepatitis, diarrhea, intestinal parasites, and appendicitis. For each ailment, it outlines symptoms and recommended treatments, such as avoiding certain foods, taking antacids or other drugs, drinking fluids, and in severe cases surgery. The goal is to educate on healthy habits and treatments for common digestive issues.
Common digestive problems
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Digestive disease
This document discusses several topics related to diseases of the digestive system. It begins with an overview of gastritis, including its causes, symptoms, prevention, and treatment. It then discusses gastroenteritis, including common causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and prevention. Finally, it provides brief summaries of hepatitis C, Wilson's disease, and includes references for additional information.
Ailments of the digestive system
This document discusses several common ailments of the digestive system:
1. Diarrhea, which is the discharge of watery waste from the intestines. It can weaken the body and cause dehydration, so oral rehydration solutions are recommended.
2. Constipation, which makes bowel movements difficult. It can be caused by lack of fiber in the diet or weakened digestive muscles in older people.
3. Hemorrhoids, which occur when bowel movements are difficult and cause rectal veins to enlarge. Rectal suppositories are often used to induce bowel movements.
Digestive System Disorder
This document summarizes common digestive system disorders, including symptoms, types, and examples. It describes symptoms such as bloating, diarrhea, and stomach pain. Disorders are classified into structural, malabsorptive, and inflammatory types. Examples provided are hiatal hernia as a structural disorder caused by part of the stomach pushing into the chest cavity. Celiac disease is given as a malabsorptive disorder where the small intestine is damaged and prevents nutrient absorption. Inflammatory bowel disease is an example of an inflammatory disorder involving chronic intestinal inflammation and ulcers.
Hyper acidity or acute or chronic gastritis
Hyperacidity, also known as acid dyspepsia, is a common medical condition where the stomach secretes excessive acid. It has various symptoms like stomach pain, vomiting, loss of appetite, and heartburn. The document discusses the causes of hyperacidity such as medications, stress, and spicy foods. It then outlines the symptoms like respiratory issues, pain in the ears, and weight loss in infants. The document also discusses the role of gastric acid in the digestive process, how it is regulated and produced in the stomach, and some home remedies to reduce acidity.
Indigestion
What is Indigestion? Sensation of fullness or heaviness or discomfort in upper abdomen. Indigestion
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This document discusses diseases that can affect the digestive system. It begins by providing context about the location being studied - Butuan City in the Philippines. It then describes diseases that can occur in different parts of the digestive system, including the mouth (such as thrush), salivary glands, pharynx (such as sore throat), esophagus (such as ulcers), stomach (such as gastritis), and other areas. It lists symptoms and treatments for many of these conditions. The document concludes by providing tips for taking care of digestive health, such as eating fiber-rich foods and fish.
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The document discusses several common ailments of the digestive system, including indigestion, flatulence, constipation, gastric ulcer, hepatitis, diarrhea, intestinal parasites, and appendicitis. For each ailment, it outlines symptoms and recommended treatments, such as avoiding certain foods, taking antacids or other drugs, drinking fluids, and in severe cases surgery. The goal is to educate on healthy habits and treatments for common digestive issues.
Common digestive problems
Bangungot, also known as sudden unexpected death syndrome (SUDS), refers to sudden unexpected death during sleep, particularly in adolescents and adults. It has been linked to genetic mutations affecting the cardiac sodium channel and can run in families. The condition is characterized by abnormal electrocardiogram readings and an increased risk of ventricular fibrillation leading to sudden cardiac death. The Brugada syndrome is a genetic cause of SUDS defined by distinct electrocardiogram changes and is the most common cause of sudden death in young men in Thailand and Laos without known heart disease.
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This document discusses several topics related to diseases of the digestive system. It begins with an overview of gastritis, including its causes, symptoms, prevention, and treatment. It then discusses gastroenteritis, including common causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and prevention. Finally, it provides brief summaries of hepatitis C, Wilson's disease, and includes references for additional information.
Ailments of the digestive system
This document discusses several common ailments of the digestive system:
1. Diarrhea, which is the discharge of watery waste from the intestines. It can weaken the body and cause dehydration, so oral rehydration solutions are recommended.
2. Constipation, which makes bowel movements difficult. It can be caused by lack of fiber in the diet or weakened digestive muscles in older people.
3. Hemorrhoids, which occur when bowel movements are difficult and cause rectal veins to enlarge. Rectal suppositories are often used to induce bowel movements.
Digestive System Disorder
This document summarizes common digestive system disorders, including symptoms, types, and examples. It describes symptoms such as bloating, diarrhea, and stomach pain. Disorders are classified into structural, malabsorptive, and inflammatory types. Examples provided are hiatal hernia as a structural disorder caused by part of the stomach pushing into the chest cavity. Celiac disease is given as a malabsorptive disorder where the small intestine is damaged and prevents nutrient absorption. Inflammatory bowel disease is an example of an inflammatory disorder involving chronic intestinal inflammation and ulcers.
Hyper acidity or acute or chronic gastritis
Hyperacidity, also known as acid dyspepsia, is a common medical condition where the stomach secretes excessive acid. It has various symptoms like stomach pain, vomiting, loss of appetite, and heartburn. The document discusses the causes of hyperacidity such as medications, stress, and spicy foods. It then outlines the symptoms like respiratory issues, pain in the ears, and weight loss in infants. The document also discusses the role of gastric acid in the digestive process, how it is regulated and produced in the stomach, and some home remedies to reduce acidity.
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What is Indigestion? Sensation of fullness or heaviness or discomfort in upper abdomen. Indigestion
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Diarrhea is defined as frequent loose or liquid bowel movements. It is usually a symptom of gastrointestinal infection caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites. Severe diarrhea can lead to dehydration and be life-threatening, especially in young children and malnourished individuals. Treatment focuses on replacing lost fluids and salts through oral rehydration or intravenous fluids.
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Gastroenteritis
Tina, a 6-month old infant, presented with diarrhea, vomiting, fever and signs of dehydration including sunken eyes and decreased skin elasticity. Based on her symptoms and history of her brother recently having gastroenteritis, the most likely diagnosis is acute viral gastroenteritis and dehydration. Proper treatment involves oral rehydration with solutions like ORS to replace lost fluids and prevent further dehydration. Drugs are generally not needed to treat viral gastroenteritis and can sometimes do more harm.
Acute Gastroenteritis
Acute gastroenteritis can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites that infect the gastrointestinal tract. This leads to increased fluid secretion and decreased absorption in the intestines, causing diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. The diarrhea can be classified as osmotic, inflammatory, secretory, or motile depending on the mechanism. Infectious agents such as Shigella, Salmonella, E. coli, and Giardia can invade intestinal cells and cause destruction leading to inflammatory diarrhea. Diagnosis involves assessing the patient's history of symptoms and signs of dehydration through physical examination. Treatment focuses on oral rehydration and hospitalization may be required for severe cases or those with risk factors.
Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis is an inflammation or infection of the digestive tract, mainly the stomach and intestine.
Diarrhea
1) Diarrhea is defined as having 3 or more loose or liquid stools per day. It is caused by infections, malabsorption, inflammatory bowel diseases, and other medical conditions.
2) Common causes of diarrhea include viral (norovirus, rotavirus), bacterial (Campylobacter, Salmonella, E. coli), and parasitic (Giardia) infections. Malabsorption and inflammatory bowel disease can also cause diarrhea.
3) Treatment involves oral rehydration and replacing lost fluids and electrolytes. Antimotility agents and antibiotics (in some cases) may also be used. Preventive measures include vaccination against rotavirus.
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Diarrhea is defined as the passage of more than 200-250 g of stool per day. It can be acute, lasting less than 2 weeks, or chronic, lasting more than 4 weeks. Causes of acute diarrhea include viral and bacterial infections like salmonella or E. coli. Chronic diarrhea may be caused by conditions like IBS, IBD, malabsorption, or medications. Diagnosis involves considering the history and symptoms, with testing of stool samples or imaging if the cause is unclear or there is blood in the stool. Treatment focuses on rehydration and treating the underlying cause, with antibiotics sometimes used for infectious diarrhea.
Chronic diarrhea
A 44-year-old female presented with loose stools and blood in her stool for one month. She has a history of inflammatory bowel disease. Chronic diarrhea can be caused by secretory, osmotic, steatorrheal, inflammatory, or dysmotility issues. An evaluation of the patient's history, exam, and labs can help determine the underlying cause, such as celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, or medication side effects. Treatment involves rehydration, managing the underlying cause, and symptomatic relief with medications as needed.
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1) Acute diarrhea is usually infectious and self-limited, lasting less than 2 weeks. It can be classified as watery or bloody. Infectious causes include food poisoning, cholera, and shigellosis.
2) Chronic diarrhea lasts more than 4 weeks. It is often non-infectious, with irritable bowel syndrome being a common cause. Other potential organic causes include AIDS, diabetes, thyroid disease, or prior surgery.
3) Diarrhea is classified as acute vs chronic, small bowel vs colonic, and osmotic vs secretory based on characteristics like volume, response to fasting, and location of pathology.
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1. Diarrhea is a major public health concern, being the second leading cause of mortality in children under five globally, with nearly 1.5 million child deaths attributed to diarrhea each year.
2. Diarrhea is caused by a variety of bacterial, viral and parasitic infections transmitted through contaminated food or water or contact with infected individuals.
3. Treatment involves oral rehydration and zinc supplementation to prevent dehydration, while prevention focuses on vaccination, breastfeeding, handwashing, water treatment and sanitation improvements.
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This document provides an overview of different types of diarrhea by classification and pathophysiology. It discusses osmotic diarrhea caused by poorly absorbed substances, secretory diarrhea due to abnormal ion transport, and inflammatory diarrhea resulting from disruption of the intestinal epithelium by pathogens. Malabsorption diarrhea is classified as due to maldigestion, mucosal disease/loss, or transport defects. Specific causes like celiac disease, bacterial overgrowth, and drug effects are reviewed in detail. Irritable bowel syndrome is described as a form of altered motility diarrhea.
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This document provides guidance on evaluating and managing a patient presenting with diarrhea. It defines diarrhea and outlines the main pathophysiological causes. It emphasizes taking a thorough history, examining the patient, considering differential diagnoses, and appropriate use of laboratory tests and imaging. Mild to moderate dehydration is typically managed with oral rehydration, while more severe cases may require IV fluids. Antibiotics are only recommended for specific invasive bacterial infections. Overall treatment focuses on rehydration with oral or IV fluids as the mainstay.
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This document discusses disorders of the digestive system, including congenital disorders like cleft lip and pyloric stenosis, infectious disorders like appendicitis and peptic ulcers, and motility disorders like constipation. It describes diarrhea, including causes, symptoms, treatment, and risks of dehydration. Treatment for diarrhea includes oral rehydration therapy. For severe dehydration intravenous fluids may be needed. The document outlines assessment and nursing care for a child with gastrointestinal disorders or dehydration. It emphasizes teaching the family about signs of dehydration and how to manage diarrhea at home.
common ailments and disorders of the digestive system
1. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition where stomach acid backs up into the esophagus, causing heartburn. It occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter opens inappropriately, allowing acid to enter the esophagus.
2. Risk factors for GERD include eating acidic foods and beverages, being overweight, wearing tight clothing, and taking certain medications.
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This document discusses the evaluation and causes of diarrhoea. It begins by listing questions to ask patients about their diarrhoea symptoms. It then describes potential infectious, inflammatory, and other causes of diarrhoea and lists relevant investigations. Specific causes like irritable bowel syndrome, coeliac disease, and inflammatory bowel disease are then discussed in more detail.
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Diarrhea is defined as frequent loose or liquid bowel movements. It is usually a symptom of gastrointestinal infection caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites. Severe diarrhea can lead to dehydration and be life-threatening, especially in young children and malnourished individuals. Treatment focuses on replacing lost fluids and salts through oral rehydration or intravenous fluids.
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This document defines acute and chronic diarrhea and outlines their etiologies and treatment approaches. Acute diarrhea is typically infectious in nature and lasts less than 3 weeks, with the most common causes being viruses, bacteria, parasites, and protozoa. Chronic diarrhea lasts over 4 weeks and can be due to malabsorption, secretory causes, or inflammation. The document provides detailed information on evaluating, diagnosing, and managing different causes of acute and chronic diarrhea.
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Tina, a 6-month old infant, presented with diarrhea, vomiting, fever and signs of dehydration including sunken eyes and decreased skin elasticity. Based on her symptoms and history of her brother recently having gastroenteritis, the most likely diagnosis is acute viral gastroenteritis and dehydration. Proper treatment involves oral rehydration with solutions like ORS to replace lost fluids and prevent further dehydration. Drugs are generally not needed to treat viral gastroenteritis and can sometimes do more harm.
Acute Gastroenteritis
Acute gastroenteritis can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites that infect the gastrointestinal tract. This leads to increased fluid secretion and decreased absorption in the intestines, causing diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. The diarrhea can be classified as osmotic, inflammatory, secretory, or motile depending on the mechanism. Infectious agents such as Shigella, Salmonella, E. coli, and Giardia can invade intestinal cells and cause destruction leading to inflammatory diarrhea. Diagnosis involves assessing the patient's history of symptoms and signs of dehydration through physical examination. Treatment focuses on oral rehydration and hospitalization may be required for severe cases or those with risk factors.
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Gastroenteritis is an inflammation or infection of the digestive tract, mainly the stomach and intestine.
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1) Diarrhea is defined as having 3 or more loose or liquid stools per day. It is caused by infections, malabsorption, inflammatory bowel diseases, and other medical conditions.
2) Common causes of diarrhea include viral (norovirus, rotavirus), bacterial (Campylobacter, Salmonella, E. coli), and parasitic (Giardia) infections. Malabsorption and inflammatory bowel disease can also cause diarrhea.
3) Treatment involves oral rehydration and replacing lost fluids and electrolytes. Antimotility agents and antibiotics (in some cases) may also be used. Preventive measures include vaccination against rotavirus.
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This document discusses acute diarrhea in children. It defines diarrhea and lists its leading causes as enterotoxigenic E. coli, enteroinvasive bacteria like Shigella and Salmonella, rotavirus, Vibrio cholerae, and Giardia lamblia. It describes the mechanisms by which these pathogens cause diarrhea and outlines their clinical presentations. The document also covers factors that increase susceptibility to diarrhea, effects of dehydration, evaluation of patients, management of rehydration, and treatment for specific causes.
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Diarrhea is defined as the passage of more than 200-250 g of stool per day. It can be acute, lasting less than 2 weeks, or chronic, lasting more than 4 weeks. Causes of acute diarrhea include viral and bacterial infections like salmonella or E. coli. Chronic diarrhea may be caused by conditions like IBS, IBD, malabsorption, or medications. Diagnosis involves considering the history and symptoms, with testing of stool samples or imaging if the cause is unclear or there is blood in the stool. Treatment focuses on rehydration and treating the underlying cause, with antibiotics sometimes used for infectious diarrhea.
Chronic diarrhea
A 44-year-old female presented with loose stools and blood in her stool for one month. She has a history of inflammatory bowel disease. Chronic diarrhea can be caused by secretory, osmotic, steatorrheal, inflammatory, or dysmotility issues. An evaluation of the patient's history, exam, and labs can help determine the underlying cause, such as celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, or medication side effects. Treatment involves rehydration, managing the underlying cause, and symptomatic relief with medications as needed.
L 5 approach to diarhea
1) Acute diarrhea is usually infectious and self-limited, lasting less than 2 weeks. It can be classified as watery or bloody. Infectious causes include food poisoning, cholera, and shigellosis.
2) Chronic diarrhea lasts more than 4 weeks. It is often non-infectious, with irritable bowel syndrome being a common cause. Other potential organic causes include AIDS, diabetes, thyroid disease, or prior surgery.
3) Diarrhea is classified as acute vs chronic, small bowel vs colonic, and osmotic vs secretory based on characteristics like volume, response to fasting, and location of pathology.
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Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death in children worldwide. It can be caused by viruses like rotavirus and norovirus, bacteria such as campylobacter and salmonella, or parasites. Symptoms typically include fever, abdominal cramps, and watery diarrhea lasting up to one week. Complications may include dehydration, nutritional deficiencies, and persistent diarrhea. Proper diagnosis and treatment focuses on rehydration and identifying signs of dehydration or bacterial infection.
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Diarrhea is a common presenting problem that can be caused by infections, toxins, or other factors. The most common infectious causes are bacteria like E.coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, and viruses such as rotavirus. Management involves fluid and electrolyte replacement as well as treating the underlying cause with antibiotics, antivirals, or antiparasitic medication depending on the pathogen. Preventing fecal-oral transmission through proper sanitation and hygiene is important for controlling infectious diarrhea.
Diarrhea
1. Diarrhea is a major public health concern, being the second leading cause of mortality in children under five globally, with nearly 1.5 million child deaths attributed to diarrhea each year.
2. Diarrhea is caused by a variety of bacterial, viral and parasitic infections transmitted through contaminated food or water or contact with infected individuals.
3. Treatment involves oral rehydration and zinc supplementation to prevent dehydration, while prevention focuses on vaccination, breastfeeding, handwashing, water treatment and sanitation improvements.
Diarrhea
This document provides an overview of different types of diarrhea by classification and pathophysiology. It discusses osmotic diarrhea caused by poorly absorbed substances, secretory diarrhea due to abnormal ion transport, and inflammatory diarrhea resulting from disruption of the intestinal epithelium by pathogens. Malabsorption diarrhea is classified as due to maldigestion, mucosal disease/loss, or transport defects. Specific causes like celiac disease, bacterial overgrowth, and drug effects are reviewed in detail. Irritable bowel syndrome is described as a form of altered motility diarrhea.
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Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System discusses various pathogens that can infect the digestive tract in humans. It details bacterial, viral, fungal, protozoan and helminthic diseases including their causative agents, symptoms, and treatments. Key pathogens discussed include Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, rotavirus, Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium, Entamoeba histolytica, Taenia saginata and Echinococcus granulosus. The document provides an extensive overview of infectious diseases that impact the mouth, stomach, and intestines.
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This document discusses dysentery and persistent diarrhea in children. It defines dysentery as diarrhea with visible blood in stools, most commonly caused by Shigella. Dysentery is more severe in malnourished children and those with measles. The clinical diagnosis is based on blood or pus in stool. Treatment involves antibiotics like trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and fluid replacement. Persistent diarrhea lasts 14 days or longer and is associated with malnutrition. Its management focuses on fluid, electrolyte replacement, and nutritional therapy tailored to the individual case. Antimicrobials should only be given when indicated by culture and sensitivity testing.
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This document provides guidance on evaluating and managing a patient presenting with diarrhea. It defines diarrhea and outlines the main pathophysiological causes. It emphasizes taking a thorough history, examining the patient, considering differential diagnoses, and appropriate use of laboratory tests and imaging. Mild to moderate dehydration is typically managed with oral rehydration, while more severe cases may require IV fluids. Antibiotics are only recommended for specific invasive bacterial infections. Overall treatment focuses on rehydration with oral or IV fluids as the mainstay.
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This document discusses disorders of the digestive system, including congenital disorders like cleft lip and pyloric stenosis, infectious disorders like appendicitis and peptic ulcers, and motility disorders like constipation. It describes diarrhea, including causes, symptoms, treatment, and risks of dehydration. Treatment for diarrhea includes oral rehydration therapy. For severe dehydration intravenous fluids may be needed. The document outlines assessment and nursing care for a child with gastrointestinal disorders or dehydration. It emphasizes teaching the family about signs of dehydration and how to manage diarrhea at home.
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1. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition where stomach acid backs up into the esophagus, causing heartburn. It occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter opens inappropriately, allowing acid to enter the esophagus.
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1. Diarrhea is defined as more frequent bowel movements with soft and liquid stools. It is usually caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, certain foods, medications, and other digestive disorders.
2. Symptoms of diarrhea include soft, watery stools, abdominal cramps, pain, fever, blood in stool, swelling, and urgency. It can cause dehydration, especially in children.
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AILMENTS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM BY MS. FAM.
- 6. Objectiv es:1. Enumerate the different common digestive ailments; 2. Identify the signs, symptoms and also the treatment for each ailment; and 3. Share ways on how can we protect ourselves from common digestive ailments.
- 7. Common Ailments of the Digestive System
- 9. Diarrhea Occurs when the lining of the intestine is irritated due to infection or other reasons.
- 10. Watery feces pass through the intestine more frequently than usual.
- 11. The person may also experience pain in the abdomen.
- 12. The body may also lose too much water and salts.This condition is called Dehydra
- 13. Street food
- 14. Foods that are not clean.
- 15. Drink plenty of water. Eat banana. This contains pectin, a type of soluble fiber that absorbs excess fluid in the intestine
- 16. A sore or hole in the stomach or intestine.
- 17. It neutralize the acid in the stomach.
- 18. Taking regular meals on time. Eating your food in a relaxed manner.
- 19. Appendi citis The infection and swelling of the appendix.
- 20. The appendix is a tiny fingerlike part where the small and large intestines meet.
- 21. Inflamed appendix is removed through an operation called appende ctomy
- 24. Constipat ion
- 25. Constipa tion Refers to difficulty in moving the bowels.
- 26. Feces becomes hard and dry due to lack of water and fibers.
- 28. Indiges tion It occurs when the stomach and intestines do not function well.
- 29. It is caused by eating and by hurried ly overeat ing.
- 30. Mum psIt is a highly contagious diseases that affects the salivary glands.
- 31. The affected glands become inflamed and swollen, causing the part below the ear to bulge. Parotiti
- 32. A person with mumps experiences fever, loss of appetite, and pain when swallowing.
- 33. •A vaccine is available to help prevent the disease. •Since it's viral, there is no cure, but is treatable. •Early treatment to relieve symptoms helps prevent serious complications
- 34. Tooth
- 35. Toothache is brought about by tooth decay. Bacteria in your mouth attack the food particles and their action produces an acid.
- 36. This acid can dissolve the hard surface of your teeth called enam el.
- 39. Chew a ginger or settle in the affected area a smashed garlic.
- 40. Objectiv es:1. Enumerate the different common digestive ailments; 2. Identify the signs, symptoms and also the treatment for each ailment; and 3. Share ways on how can we protect ourselves from common digestive ailments.
- 41. You are what you