Agriculture involves cultivating crops and rearing livestock. There are two main types: subsistence agriculture, which is for personal use, and commercial agriculture, where products are sold for profit. Extensive agriculture uses large areas of land with low levels of capital, labor, machinery, and fertilizer. It relies on natural conditions and is suitable for grazing animals or crops that don't require fertile soil. Extensive agriculture is common in regions with abundant land but sparse populations, such as the grasslands of North America, Argentina, Europe, and Australia.

1. AGRICULTURE

2. WHAT IS AGRICULTURE?
The process of preparing
the land for the
cultivation of crops, and
the rearing of livestock is
called agriculture.
It is the most
fundamental activity
that is practiced in the
modern civilization.

3. On the basis of the aim of the
cultivation, there are two main
types of agriculture:-
1. subsistence
2. commercial

4. COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE
• Agriculture done
with the aim of
selling the product
and earning profit is
called commercial
agriculture.

5. EXTENSIVE AGRICULTURE

6. WHAT IS EXTENSIVE FARMING?
Extensive farming is a form of farming that will
make use of relatively low inputs of capital and
labor in relation to the land that is being used for
farming (it usually has a large farm). It does not
make use of external factors like machinery and
fertilizers, but will depend on the availability of
water and the elements of nature to produce the
yield. While it is ideal for rearing animals, it can
also be used for growing crops which do not
require very fertile soil.

7. ADVANTAGES
• As the plants are planted with a distance
between them, they get
• a) A lot of space to grow
• b) Root and shoot system grow properly
• c) As fertilizer is not used in large quantities the
soil is not infested with chemicals and hence the
growth of the plant is organic.
• d) Fully mechanized farming
• e) Lesser use of labourers

8. DISADVANTAGES
a) This technique of agriculture cannot be used in the
densely populated places
b) Very few human labourers are required so it cannot be
used in places where there is lack of employment
c) It is fully mechanized, so a lot of electricity is
consumed
d) Total production from the farm is very large but per
hectare production is low.
e) Large land requirements limit the habitat of different
species of fauna (in some cases, even very low
stocking rates can be dangerous, as is the case
with intensive farming).

9. TYPES OF CROPS
Wheat is the most important crop.
Other crops are corn, barley, oats, rye, and cotton.
BARLEY
CORN
WHEAT
OATS RYE
COTTON

10. AREAS
• EXTENSIVE AGRICULTURE IS COMMON IN
REGIONS WHERE THERE IS ABUNDANT LAND
BUT VERY SPARSE POPULATION.
• PARTICULARLY IN THE MID LATITUDE
GRASSLANDS- PRAIRIES OF N.AMERICA,
PAMPAS OF ARGENTINA, STEPPES OF EUROPE,
AND THE DOWNS OF AUSTRALIA.

11. (in comparison to the land)
(In comparison to the land)

12. By-
Subhanjali Saraswati (39)
Poorvi Sahoo (37)
Ishita Saraf (38)