This document outlines several benefits of using steel over aluminum in facade design. It discusses that steel has a higher modulus of elasticity, meaning it deflects less than aluminum under the same loads. It also has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion, meaning expansion joints are not needed. Additionally, steel has a lower thermal conductivity, resulting in better thermal insulation for the facade and reduced risk of condensation. Overall, the document argues that steel allows for larger spans, simpler assembly and fewer materials compared to aluminum facades.
The DnHSecheron guide to different types of welding consumables, Low Alloy Steel,welding electrodes,welding equipment,welding rod
http://www.dnhsecheron.com/products/reclamation-welding-consumables/for-carbon-and-low-alloy-steels/
D&H Secheron Pvt Ltd deals with different types of welding consumables & welding equipment. Check out what will suit your welding requirement from our vast range of welding consumables & equipment. Our Welding electrodes, low alloy steel & welding rods are suitable for all types of applications across various industries.
various types of steel basically low carbon steels and alloy steels and how the alloying elements alter the various properties of steels , a detailed study & analysis
The DnHSecheron guide to different types of welding consumables, Low Alloy Steel,welding electrodes,welding equipment,welding rod
http://www.dnhsecheron.com/products/reclamation-welding-consumables/for-carbon-and-low-alloy-steels/
D&H Secheron Pvt Ltd deals with different types of welding consumables & welding equipment. Check out what will suit your welding requirement from our vast range of welding consumables & equipment. Our Welding electrodes, low alloy steel & welding rods are suitable for all types of applications across various industries.
various types of steel basically low carbon steels and alloy steels and how the alloying elements alter the various properties of steels , a detailed study & analysis
Stainless steels and their types, structure, properties, different applications as engineering material and advantages and disadvantages of their use..........
Substitution of Lead Sheath by Copper Laminated Covering in HV CablesLeonardo ENERGY
In this report attention is paid to the laminated covering, replacing the conventional lead sheath with corrugated aluminium or copper sheath in HV cables. Various designs and related pros and cons for both copper and aluminium laminated coverings will be discussed. Finally international experience and observed trends will be listed, resulting in the conclusion that a long term view, in which the beneficial properties of copper play a part, is recommendable.
Stainless steel final /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental a...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Bearings support moving parts, such as shafts and spindles, of a machine or mechanism.
Bearings may be classed as
(i) Rolling contact (Ball and roller) bearings.
(ii) Plain bearings.
Mumbai University.
Mechanical Engineering
SEM III
Material Technology
Module 5
Effect of Alloying Elements in Steels:
Limitation of plain carbon steels, Significance of alloying elements, Effects of major and minor constituents, Effect of alloying elements on phase transformation Classification of tool steels and metallurgy of tool steels and stainless steel
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Richa Industries Limited customizes structural steel system for heavy construction and offers design,engineering and construction solution from concept to completion.
BW Industries or indeed a returning user then we would advise you that we are a competitive alternative for steel components and particularly for our range of Steel Framing of both Load Bearing and Non-Load Bearing sections.
Stainless steels and their types, structure, properties, different applications as engineering material and advantages and disadvantages of their use..........
Substitution of Lead Sheath by Copper Laminated Covering in HV CablesLeonardo ENERGY
In this report attention is paid to the laminated covering, replacing the conventional lead sheath with corrugated aluminium or copper sheath in HV cables. Various designs and related pros and cons for both copper and aluminium laminated coverings will be discussed. Finally international experience and observed trends will be listed, resulting in the conclusion that a long term view, in which the beneficial properties of copper play a part, is recommendable.
Stainless steel final /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental a...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Bearings support moving parts, such as shafts and spindles, of a machine or mechanism.
Bearings may be classed as
(i) Rolling contact (Ball and roller) bearings.
(ii) Plain bearings.
Mumbai University.
Mechanical Engineering
SEM III
Material Technology
Module 5
Effect of Alloying Elements in Steels:
Limitation of plain carbon steels, Significance of alloying elements, Effects of major and minor constituents, Effect of alloying elements on phase transformation Classification of tool steels and metallurgy of tool steels and stainless steel
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Richa Industries Limited customizes structural steel system for heavy construction and offers design,engineering and construction solution from concept to completion.
BW Industries or indeed a returning user then we would advise you that we are a competitive alternative for steel components and particularly for our range of Steel Framing of both Load Bearing and Non-Load Bearing sections.
Basic Concepts for an Integrated Steel Process Control SystemSchneider Electric
For the past few years, the market was preoccupied with discussions about terminology such as: distributed control systems (DCS), programmable logic controllers (PLC), and the “newcomers” hybrid control systems (HCS) and programmable automation controllers (PAC), and how each should be applied to steel and metals processing applications. Steel manufacturing is an industry that requires specific approaches for control systems; it mixes process, machines, discrete control, several motors, high-availability systems and involves massive amounts of variables and architectures that requires flexible topologies. Better understand these technologies, myths and facts, and learn the real needs and trends for control systems in steel and metals industries, regardless of labels and acronyms. Copyright AIST Reprinted with Permission
Glass bricks – meaning, usage and advantagesAlisha Roy
Glass bricks also known as glass blocks are hollow solid translucent architectural items manufactured from glass. Glass blocks are widely used by people in their homes and offices as they look good and are cost effective. To know more about glass bricks see here: http://dir.indiamart.com/impcat/glass-block.html
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF STEEL AS A STRUCTURAL DESIGN MATERIAL
The following advantages in general may be credited to steel as a structural design material:
1. High strength/weight ratio. Steel has a high strength/weight ratio. Thus, the dead weight of steel structures is relatively small. This property makes steel a very attractive structural material for
a. High-rise buildings
b. Long-span bridges
c. Structures located on soft ground
d. Structures located in highly seismic areas where forces acting on the structure due to an earthquake are in general proportional to the weight of the structure.
2. Ductility. As discussed in the previous section, steel can undergo large plastic deformation before failure, thus providing large reserve strength. This property is referred to as ductility. Properly designed steel structures can have high ductility, which is an important characteristic for resisting shock loading such as blasts or earthquakes. A ductile structure has energy-absorbing capacity and will not incur sudden failure. It usually shows large visible deflections before failure or collapse.
3. Predictable material properties. Properties of steel can be predicted with a high degree of certainty. Steel in fact shows elastic behavior up to a relatively high and usually well-defined stress level. Also, in contrast to reinforced concrete, steel properties do not change considerably with time.
4. Speed of erection. Steel structures can be erected quite rapidly. This normally results in quicker economic payoff.
5. Quality of construction. Steel structures can be built with high-quality workmanship and narrow tolerances.
6. Ease of repair. Steel structures in general can be repaired quickly and easily.
7. Adaptation of prefabrication. Steel is highly suitable for prefabrication and mass production.
8. Repetitive use. Steel can be reused after a structure is disassembled.
9. Expanding existing structures. Steel buildings can be easily expanded by adding new bays or wings. Steel bridges may be widened.
10. Fatigue strength. Steel structures have relatively good fatigue strength.
DISADVANTAGES OF STEEL
1. General cost. Steel structures may be more costly than other types of structures.
2. Fireproofing. The strength of steel is reduced substantially when heated at temperatures commonly observed in building fires. Also, steel conducts and transmits heat from a burning portion of the building quite fast. Consequently, steel frames in buildings must have adequate fireproofing.
3. Maintenance. Steel structures exposed to air and water, such as bridges, are susceptible to corrosion and should be painted regularly. Application of weathering and corrosion-resistant steels may eliminate this problem.
4. Susceptibility to buckling. Due to high strength/weight ratio, steel compression members are in general more slender and consequently more susceptible to buckling than, say, reinforced concrete compression members. As a result, considera
2xxx and 5xxx aluminum is widely used in transportation industry. 5182, 5754 and 5083 are widely used for fuel tanker, cars and shibuilding respectively. 2219 aluminum is widely used for fuel tanks and combustion aid tanks in rockets and spacecraft. Welcome to learn more.
Here is a slide, which introduces basic information about cast aluminum alloys, how to name each alloy, selection rules, some example regrading of alloys from each group and their properties.
Hope you find it interesting and helps you in any way possible.
3. Wind Load relative deflection The modulus of elasticity of steel is three times higher compared to aluminium For identical profile cross sections the deflection of Aluminium is more
4. The modulus of elasticity of steel is three times higher compared to aluminium For identical loads and identical deflection smaller steel profiles can be used.
5. advantages RP-steel facade The modulus of elasticity of steel is three times higher compared to aluminium Larger spans can be achieved with steel profiles by using the same cross sections.
6. Minimize framework Larger span width with steel Typical visual characteristic of facade systems in Aluminium STEEL
7. Steel Reduced box sizes Result Lower building depth are possible with steel compared to aluminium
8. Large Spans Result Larger span widths are possible with steel compared to aluminium Facade of 14m width and 48m height without expansion profiles
13. aluminium timber Modulus of extension ! Steel has a lower thermal extension than aluminium! Steel, glass, concrete have almost the same coefficient of extension, therefore no extension profiles are required when using steel. glass concrete steel +10°C +20°C +30°C +40°C +50°C 9,0 10,0 12,0 24,0 42,0 x 10 x 1/K -6
16. Modulus of conductivity λ (W / m x K) U f = 1,8–2,1 W/m²K U f = 1,4 W/m²K Steel Aluminium Reduced Thermal Transmissions - Lower transportspeed of coldness - Rare condensation - high transportspeed of coldness - condensation Steel ~ 50 Aluminium ~ 200
17. Snow Center Dubai Snow Center Dubai Reduced Risk of Condensation RP-steel facade Aluminium facade
18.
19. advantages RP-steel facade 6. Fire resistance Fire resistance of steel is considerably higher than that of aluminium. melting point steel = 1.500°C melting point aluminium = 660°C 7. Ecology Substantially lower energy consumption during production of steel as compared to that of aluminium. No toxic product waste with steel production.