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Stainless steel
The document discusses stainless steel, highlighting its history, composition, types, and various properties such as corrosion resistance, strength, and ductility. It outlines common grades of stainless steel and their mechanical, chemical, and physical properties, along with applications in industries like medical, automotive, and construction. Advantages include hygiene and aesthetic appeal, while disadvantages mention challenges in welding and high costs.
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Stainless steel
- 1. Stainless Steel Presented By: Muhammad Hassam(IM-114) Syed Taha Ahmed (IM-096) Syed Zia Uddin Nizami (IM-103) Faisal Siddique Awan (IM-118)
- 2. High Alloy Steels, Ferrous metal. Category The corrosion resistanceof iron- chromium alloys was first recognized in 1821 by the French metallurgist Pierre Breathier, . In the years 1904- 1911, several researchers, particularly Leon Gullet of France, prepared alloys that would today be considered stainless steel . History Stainless Steel is a type of steel that is characterized primarily by their corrosion resistance, high strength and ductility , and high chromium content Introduction
- 3. Composition: Minimun Cr %is about 10.5- 11% by weight. Carbon ranges from 0.2- 2.14%
- 4. Austenitic (200 and 300series) Ferrite (400 series) Martensitic (400 and 500 series) Precipitation- hardening (PH) Duplex structure T y p e s
- 5. Structures Grades TYPE 304 TYPE 409 TYPE 410 TYPE 316 TYPE 430 There arealmost more than 150 grades of Stainless Steel available. The most common US grades of stainless steel are:
- 6. Hardness (Brinell 3000kg) 137-595 Specific Heat (J/kg-K) 420-500 Hardness(Brinell 3000kg) 137-595 Yield Strength (MPa) 207-552 Tensile Strength (MPa) 515-827 Melting Point (°C) 1371-1454 Tensile Properties Elastic Modulus (GPa)190-210 Density (1000 kg/m3) 7.75-8.1 Percent Elongation (%) 12-40 Electrical Resistivity (10-9ῼ-m) 75.7-1020 Poisson's Ratio 0.27-0.3 PROPERTIES OF STAINLESS STEEL In this section, we are going to discuss properties of stainless steel which we consider before bringing it into work. Mechanical Properties:
- 7. Chemical Properties: • Chromiumis added to steel to make it resistant to rust. • Stainless steel forms a passivation layer of Chromium (III) Oxide. •The other minor constituents of steel are nickel, nitrogen, molybdenum and aluminum. Nickel increase the corrosion resistance further.
- 8. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: Stainless steelis very strong. This form of steel can withstand very high and very low heats while still maintaining a solid but flexible shape. The steel is also unlikely to deteriorate or rust as other metals are known to do. This lack of permeability and chemical reaction helps the stainless steel maintain its initial integrity and strength. Stainless steel is not known as a good conductor of heat or electricity, which makes the material safe in the construction, manufacturing and cooking industries. Strength Stain Resistance Conductivity
- 9. Applications Of stainlessSteel Stainless steel is an attractive material for a variety of applications, usually due to the corrosion resistance and strength. Amongst the fields which make great use of stainless steel are the following: I. Medical and Surgery Equipment: Medical and Surgery Equipment Automotive Industry Chemical and Petrochemical Industry Architecture, building and construction
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- 11. Advantages ofstainless steel More Hygienic Ease of Fabrication Easy to Clean and Maintain Ease of Fabrication Attractive Appearance Strength-to- weight Advantage Aesthetically Pleasing Won't Discolor or Stain High Corrosion Resistance
- 12. Disadvantages ofstainless steel Dirt Shows Difficult to Weld Difficulty in Fabricating Difficult to Machine High Initial Cost High Polishing Cost Scratches And Dents Poor conductor of heat
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