Introduction to Legal Research MethodologyPreeti Sikder
Learning Objective: After completion of this lesson students will
a) learn about the definition of research;
b) identify the basic characteristics of research
This is a class lecture under the course Introduction to Legal Research Methodology taught at Jahangirnagar University.
Learning outcome: a) Students will be informed about the basic differences between research methods and research methodology; b) Students will learn about the different categories of research being carried out in academia.
Introduction to Legal Research MethodologyPreeti Sikder
Learning Objective: After completion of this lesson students will
a) learn about the definition of research;
b) identify the basic characteristics of research
This is a class lecture under the course Introduction to Legal Research Methodology taught at Jahangirnagar University.
Learning outcome: a) Students will be informed about the basic differences between research methods and research methodology; b) Students will learn about the different categories of research being carried out in academia.
El siguiente ensayo, acerca a todo aquel estudiante de las ciencias políticas a conocer las ventajas e inconvenientes del uso de la argumentación jurídica.
Under the School of law in Jurisprudence the concept of Natural school of law is an initial phase for the development of other school of law. In this power point the concept of natural school of law from its origin to the modern days is presented.
1. Write an explanatory note on ‘socio-legal research’.
2. Discuss in detail the various types of legal research and their importance.
3. Relevance of Empirical legal research.
4. Briefly discuss the induction and deduction method.
The Evolution and Reform of Tort Law in India - Case for CodificationAditya Sarkar
The branch of tort law is undergoing serious reform on different counts. This presentation takes a look a the debate over the codification of tort law in India - viability, challenges and the solution to tort litigation in India
El siguiente ensayo, acerca a todo aquel estudiante de las ciencias políticas a conocer las ventajas e inconvenientes del uso de la argumentación jurídica.
Under the School of law in Jurisprudence the concept of Natural school of law is an initial phase for the development of other school of law. In this power point the concept of natural school of law from its origin to the modern days is presented.
1. Write an explanatory note on ‘socio-legal research’.
2. Discuss in detail the various types of legal research and their importance.
3. Relevance of Empirical legal research.
4. Briefly discuss the induction and deduction method.
The Evolution and Reform of Tort Law in India - Case for CodificationAditya Sarkar
The branch of tort law is undergoing serious reform on different counts. This presentation takes a look a the debate over the codification of tort law in India - viability, challenges and the solution to tort litigation in India
Legal Research and Writing Services for Lawyers & Law FirmsCogneesol
Cogneesol has sponsored the detailed information on Legal research & writing services that are required by lawyers or law firms. Call on +1-646-688-2821 for further queries...For mor info visit: https://www.cogneesol.com/legal-research-writing-services
And this is how the story of Rome begins the story of the city of the twins, born of diversity sons of Mars and mothered by a vestal virgin. A shepherd found the twins in the bushes near the Tiber river. Suckled by a wolf one of the twins would be killed by his brother who would build the most magnificent nation ever known. Romulas and Remus as the children were called, both wanted to build a new city. Romulus would create a truly unique civilization that confounds people even today. The city would become an empire to never be forgotten. Today, we still look back, and we see the legendary nation of Rome.
It has impacted our very lives, and changed the way early society would operate. Today students still all over the world still study Rome. American Students study Julius Caesar, English scholars hypothesis the possibility of the legendary King Arthur, perhaps being a Roman; Italian students study the twelve tablets of Roman law. The Romans, while not unique unto the land they lived, are unique in the way they put together knowledge, and instituted into their system. Roman government, Roman laws and pieces of Roman society can still be seen in today’s society...
This week’s written assignment is important preparation for the Fina.docxamit657720
This week’s written assignment is important preparation for the Final Paper. You will construct an outline of your Final Paper that will ensure you have all of the required elements.
You are expected to write an outline, not a draft of your final paper. Drafts of your paper will NOT meet the requirements of this assignment
.
Prepare
: Please review the necessary course text chapters, articles, and multimedia. Conduct additional research necessary to complete the assignment.
Reflect
: The end of the course is rapidly approaching, and now is a great time to begin working on your Final Research Paper. This assignment will give you an opportunity to create a detailed outline of your paper, which will help you to establish a structure for your final paper. Your outline will be reviewed by your instructor and the feedback provided will certainly help you create a better final product.
Remember, the main point of your outline is to help you organize your thoughts and research. The outline should serve as the backbone of your paper and should provide the building blocks for your Final Research Paper.
Write
: Make sure to read over the instructions for the Final Research Paper, which are located in Week Five of your online course or in the Course Components section of this course guide. As explained in those instructions, your paper should have seven major sections. For this assignment, you will need to create an outline in a Word document. Review the
Sample Outline
(Links to an external site.)
Links to an external site.
from the
Ashford Writing Center
(Links to an external site.)
Links to an external site.
.
Your outline must include the following:
Title page
(Links to an external site.)
Links to an external site.
in APA format
Introduction and Thesis
Introduce
(Links to an external site.)
Links to an external site.
the main topic and provide a brief preview of main points.
Include a
thesis statement
(Links to an external site.)
Links to an external site.
that identifies how the concepts of federalism, civil liberties, and civil rights are implicated and affected by your selected topic.
Main Point 1: Identify implications for federalism related to the topic.
Provide a topic sentence that describes one positive impact of federalism on the selected topic.
Provide a topic sentence that describes one negative impact of federalism on the selected topic.
Provide at least one piece of supporting evidence (a quote or paraphrase) that supports all of your claims concerning the impacts of federalism on the selected topic. Be sure to provide an
in-text citation.
(Links to an external site.)
Links to an external site.
In a single sentence, explain the meaning of the evidence you added above.
So what? Add a sentence that tells your reader how this evidence supports your topic sentence. Why is this evidence important to share?
Main Point 2: Identify implications for civil rights related to the topic.
Provide a topic sentence that describes one ...
Political Science 1101 American Government Your NameMr. .docxharrisonhoward80223
Political Science 1101 American Government Your Name
Mr. Kevin W. Wright Paper due date
“Paper Title”
Political Science 1101; Introduction to American Government
Presented by
Your Name
Section #_____
for
Mr. Kevin W. Wright
and the American People
This paper provides instructions on your paper requirement which comprises 20% of your total grade and is due, hard copy, no later than the start of class on the due date. NO LATE PAPERS accepted. An excel spread sheet is posted in the folder with this word document which is a rubric outlining the basis of my grading/evaluation of your paper. It complements and adds to this document's guidance with specific details. I am happy to review any of your draft work and provide comment up until the week prior to submission. Papers will be no fewer than 6 and no more than 8 pages in length not including the cover page and bibliography. Your paper is a Critical Thinking Essay (this is a hyperlink to an article that describes an approach to writing a critical thinking essay and what it is).
Your paper is a proposal for an Amendment to the United States Constitution. It may be either a revision to current "law of the land" (which is the U.S. Constitution) or an entirely new proposal. It can replace or revise either existing amendment(s) to the Constitution or the main body of the Constitution. Either way, you must be absolutely clear about what your proposal will do and convince the reader to agree with your proposal. Your explanation of your proposal must be precise in what words will be removed from the Constitution, or its Amendments, and what words will be added AND where. It is not easy to amend the Constitution-for good reason. There is more than one means for a proposed amendment to be ratified. Your proposal and critical thinking must take this into account. Your argument(s) must be supported with documented evidence.
The substance of your paper must address each of the following:
1. What words will be removed from the Constitution, or its Amendments, and what words will be added AND where.
2. Rationale for why you propose the Amendment. What problem do you want to remedy or fix and how does your proposal fix it?
3. Why does it require a Constitutional Amendment and not some lesser means such as legislation?
4. Of the several methods of ratification which one do you suggest is the best approach and why?
5. How does your Amendment transcend ideals of any political party? Why should both Democrats and Republicans support it?
6. How does your amendment support or adhere to the Constitutional ideals of balance of power and separation of powers between the branches of government and between the national/federal and state/local governments?
7. What is your strategy to use the media, political parties, interest groups and(or) state legislatures to win over Americans to fast track your proposal to ratification?
Papers must be appropriately and correctly do.
Argument Essay AssignmentAssignment DescriptionFor this .docxjewisonantone
Argument Essay Assignment
Assignment Description
For this essay, you should choose a topic from the Gale resource on Opposing Viewpoints (see below) and write a 4-5 page essay that argues a clearly defined position about that topic. The essay should have an introduction that has a clear thesis statement and demonstrates the relevance of your topic, several body paragraphs that each make focused claims, and a conclusion.
In upper level courses, you will often be asked to demonstrate your ability to converse with other scholars in your field. Your job is to change the reader’s mind about a particular subject and persuade the reader into believing your argument. Your paper must be written so that it is accessible to readers from a different perspective. In other words, be fair and unbiased when acknowledging what others say about your topic, but then prove why they are wrong using logical reasons and credible evidence. In this essay, you must synthesize various sources while persuading the reader to accept your viewpoint. You do not want to simply report what others are saying, but engage in a dialogue with them.
Purpose and Learning Objectives
The purpose of this assignment is to practice persuasive writing and synthesis of sources. You will increase your critical thinking skills by analyzing yours and others’ assumptions, evaluating multiple perspectives, and developing a clear position. Writing, research, and eloquent written expression are vital for a successful future. You will express all of these skills in this assignment. This essay will be used as the English department assessment for the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board’s mandated core curriculum assessment of Student Learning Outcomes (SLO). This essay will address the SLO objectives of critical thinking and written communication.
Your research paper should demonstrate the following learning objectives:
Awareness of the audience to whom you are speaking
Awareness of the purpose of your argument
Ability to enter into a scholarly conversation
Ability to write a qualified and narrow argumentative thesis statement
Ability to synthesize information from various sources
Ability to craft an argument with different types of relevant, credible, and detailed support
Ability to research and identify academic sources
Ability to summarize, paraphrase, and quote while citing correctly in MLA to avoid plagiarism
Ability to converse in standard, academic English
Minimum Requirements
1,200-1,500 word essay (4-5 pages)
An interesting and informative title
A clearly stated thesis in the introduction that articulates your position and what you want to argue in your paper.
Logical and clear reasons supporting your argument
A document formatted in correct MLA format
5 sources (peer-reviewed journals, books, and reliable web sources)
One of your sources must disagree with your argument and be used to create a counterargument. A counterargument occurs when you show wh.
ash pol 303 week 5 dq 1 what right to privacy new,pol 303 week 5 dq 2 discrimination and the future of marriage,pol 303 week 5 final paper,ash pol 303 week 5,pol 303 week 5,ash pol 303 week 5 tutorial,ash pol 303 week 5 assignment,ash pol 303 week 5 help
AJ 107 Concepts of Criminal Law Research Paper Instructio.docxdaniahendric
AJ 107: Concepts of Criminal Law
Research Paper Instructions
What is a research paper?
A research paper is one in which you have identified a topic, have researched what others have written
about that topic, and (at the end of your paper) have taken a position of your own about elements of the
topic. All research papers should have a thesis (more on this later), which becomes the starting point for
your research. You support your thesis by presenting referenced information from reliable sources, such
as books, periodicals, journals, newspapers, on-line databases, academic/scholarly web sites, etc.
Important Note: Wikipedia is not an acceptable research source. Ever. All referenced material,
whether paraphrased (put in your own words) or quoted, must be cited properly in MLA format.
All research papers must contain proper MLA in-text citation as well as a Works Cited page. This
is a standard college-level writing requirement. There are writing resources available to you in
our “Research Paper Instructions and Resources” Module.
For additional help on writing your research papers, please visit the SBCC Writing Center located
in the Cartwright Learning Resources Center. This is the building on the West Campus closest to
the footbridge. Walk into the building and enter the CLRC to the left. The library is to the right.
Hours: Mon. – Thur.: 9 a.m. – 7 p.m. and Fri.: 9 a.m. – 3 p.m.
You can also access a lot of helpful materials by going to their website at:
http://www.sbcc.edu/clrc/writing_center/index.php
AJ 107: Concepts of Criminal Law
Research Paper TOPIC Instructions
Choose a topic that interests and challenges you. Your attitude towards the topic often determines the
amount of effort and enthusiasm you put into your research. If you are uncertain as to what is expected
of you in completing your research paper assignments, re-read your assignment sheets carefully or ask
me. That’s what I'm here for! Select a subject you can manage. Avoid topics that have only a narrow
range of source materials.
Your topic is to be an in-depth legal analysis of a law that has been discussed in lectures or in your
textbook. Specifically, you will critically analyze the various legal rulings and interpretations
surrounding your law.
You need to develop a thesis statement based upon your topic.
The thesis statement summarizes the main point of your paper and is often phrased as a question that
you then answer through your research. The thesis is normally found at the end of the paper's
introductory paragraph(s). It is usually a single sentence and acts as a guide to let your audience know
the central idea of your research and to know what to expect in the body of your paper. Your thesis
statement should be specific—it should cover only what you will discuss in your paper and should be
supported with specific evidence.
Thesis Statement Example:
Ho ...
Argument Essay AssignmentAssignment DescriptionFor this es.docxjewisonantone
Argument Essay Assignment
Assignment Description
For this essay, you should choose a topic from the Gale resource on Opposing Viewpoints (see below) and write a 4-5 page essay that argues a clearly defined position about that topic. The essay should have an introduction that has a clear thesis statement and demonstrates the relevance of your topic, several body paragraphs that each make focused claims, and a conclusion.
In upper level courses, you will often be asked to demonstrate your ability to converse with other scholars in your field. Your job is to change the reader’s mind about a particular subject and persuade the reader into believing your argument. Your paper must be written so that it is accessible to readers from a different perspective. In other words, be fair and unbiased when acknowledging what others say about your topic, but then prove why they are wrong using logical reasons and credible evidence. In this essay, you must synthesize various sources while persuading the reader to accept your viewpoint. You do not want to simply report what others are saying, but engage in a dialogue with them.
Purpose and Learning Objectives
The purpose of this assignment is to practice persuasive writing and synthesis of sources. You will increase your critical thinking skills by analyzing yours and others’ assumptions, evaluating multiple perspectives, and developing a clear position. Writing, research, and eloquent written expression are vital for a successful future. You will express all of these skills in this assignment. This essay will be used as the English department assessment for the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board’s mandated core curriculum assessment of Student Learning Outcomes (SLO). This essay will address the SLO objectives of critical thinking and written communication.
Your research paper should demonstrate the following learning objectives:
Awareness of the audience to whom you are speaking
Awareness of the purpose of your argument
Ability to enter into a scholarly conversation
Ability to write a qualified and narrow argumentative thesis statement
Ability to synthesize information from various sources
Ability to craft an argument with different types of relevant, credible, and detailed support
Ability to research and identify academic sources
Ability to summarize, paraphrase, and quote while citing correctly in MLA to avoid plagiarism
Ability to converse in standard, academic English
Minimum Requirements
1,200-1,500 word essay (4-5 pages)
An interesting and informative title
A clearly stated thesis in the introduction that articulates your position and what you want to argue in your paper.
Logical and clear reasons supporting your argument
A document formatted in correct MLA format
5 sources (peer-reviewed journals, books, and reliable web sources)
One of your sources must disagree with your argument and be used to create a counterargument. A counterargument occurs when you show wha.
Argument Essay AssignmentAssignment DescriptionFor this es.docxwraythallchan
Argument Essay Assignment
Assignment Description
For this essay, you should choose a topic from the Gale resource on Opposing Viewpoints (see below) and write a 4-5 page essay that argues a clearly defined position about that topic. The essay should have an introduction that has a clear thesis statement and demonstrates the relevance of your topic, several body paragraphs that each make focused claims, and a conclusion.
In upper level courses, you will often be asked to demonstrate your ability to converse with other scholars in your field. Your job is to change the reader’s mind about a particular subject and persuade the reader into believing your argument. Your paper must be written so that it is accessible to readers from a different perspective. In other words, be fair and unbiased when acknowledging what others say about your topic, but then prove why they are wrong using logical reasons and credible evidence. In this essay, you must synthesize various sources while persuading the reader to accept your viewpoint. You do not want to simply report what others are saying, but engage in a dialogue with them.
Purpose and Learning Objectives
The purpose of this assignment is to practice persuasive writing and synthesis of sources. You will increase your critical thinking skills by analyzing yours and others’ assumptions, evaluating multiple perspectives, and developing a clear position. Writing, research, and eloquent written expression are vital for a successful future. You will express all of these skills in this assignment. This essay will be used as the English department assessment for the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board’s mandated core curriculum assessment of Student Learning Outcomes (SLO). This essay will address the SLO objectives of critical thinking and written communication.
Your research paper should demonstrate the following learning objectives:
Awareness of the audience to whom you are speaking
Awareness of the purpose of your argument
Ability to enter into a scholarly conversation
Ability to write a qualified and narrow argumentative thesis statement
Ability to synthesize information from various sources
Ability to craft an argument with different types of relevant, credible, and detailed support
Ability to research and identify academic sources
Ability to summarize, paraphrase, and quote while citing correctly in MLA to avoid plagiarism
Ability to converse in standard, academic English
Minimum Requirements
1,200-1,500 word essay (4-5 pages)
An interesting and informative title
A clearly stated thesis in the introduction that articulates your position and what you want to argue in your paper.
Logical and clear reasons supporting your argument
A document formatted in correct MLA format
5 sources (peer-reviewed journals, books, and reliable web sources)
One of your sources must disagree with your argument and be used to create a counterargument. A counterargument occurs when you show wha.
Argument paperEnglish 1 Spring 2014 Argument Assignment Paper.docxrossskuddershamus
Argument paper/English 1 Spring 2014 Argument Assignment Paper.doc
PAGE
English 1: Argumentative Essay Assignment
The Assignment: Write a six-to-ten page argument paper that addresses a current issue that will address our theme of the impact of technology on communication on ourselves, on our world and on what it means to be human (Barrios, 583). The topic and the issue for this paper is the same as your exploratory paper assignment. The purpose of this paper is to present your position on the issue and then argue why by presenting your own reasons and evidence to support your thesis statement.
Locating Sources for Research. The purpose of the exploratory paper was to explore different writers and their position, their perspective, and the types of evidence they used in order to form your own position and perspective. You have three sources that you may use in your paper. For this paper, you must include a variety of sources; they cannot all come from Web sites. Search SMC’s library online catalog, search for a book, search online databases, find newspaper articles, use the search engine Google scholar at www.google.com, or www.yahoo.com . In addition, observations or experience from your personal life are not allowable. Refer to the following handouts: “Research Guide for Papers,” “Sources Acceptable for Academic Papers.” Both of these handouts are on eCompanion. If you include an article from a Website, there must be a date and a sponsor/publisher. If this is not available you cannot use this source.
Thesis Statement and Claim: Does your thesis clearly include a claim? Is it arguable? Does it take a perspective on an issue? Is it narrow and specific enough for the length of this assignment? Is it focused on one subject? Is it a claim of policy where you argue that certainpolicies should be changed? Is it a claim of value where you argue that some action, belief, or policy is morally wrong, good, or bad? Once your claim is clear, you must develop reasons that match and correspond to the type of claim being made.
Audience/Point of View: An effective argument is tailored to its audience. The reasons and the types of evidence you offer, the needs and values to which you appeal, terms defined, all depend on your audience and the type of claim. Ask: What does your audience know or not know about your topic? The audience is your instructor and classmates. Never assume that the audience is familiar with your topic or terms. You may need to include definitions and relevant details to help the audience understand your position in the first body paragraph. For this argument essay, you will use only the third-person point of view. No, “I” “We” or “You.”
Content/Body Paragraphs. For the length of this assignment, you should have at least three-to-four distinct and relevant reasons to support your thesis. Follow the guidelines for writing the argument paper when developing your reasons. Use the “because” clause approach.
35806 Topic AbortionNumber of Pages 5 (Double Spaced)Num.docxrhetttrevannion
35806 Topic: Abortion
Number of Pages: 5 (Double Spaced)
Number of sources: 3
Writing Style: APA
Type of document: Essay
Academic Level:Undergraduate
Category: Philosophy
Language Style: English (U.S.)
Order Instructions:
Week 5 - Final Paper
Ethical Reasoning
[WLO: 3] [CLOs: 1, 2, 3, 4]
Please read these assignment instructions before writing your paper as they contain very precise and specific instructions on both the content and format requirements. You should download the provided outlinePreview the document and use that to structure your paper, and consult the assignment guidancePreview the document and modeled examplePreview the document for additional help. Finally, before submitting your assignment please use the checklistPreview the document to ensure that you have completed all of the requirements.
Overview
This course has three written assignments that build upon one another and are designed to take you step-by-step through a process of writing a paper that identifies an ethical question, examines the context, issues, and arguments surrounding the question, and attempts to defend an answer to that question using strong moral reasoning.
In the Week 1 assignment, “Ethical Question,” you chose an ethical question, provided an introduction, a position statement and supporting reason, and an opposing position statement and supporting reason.
In the Week 3 assignment, “Applying an Ethical Theory,” you explained utilitarianism, deontology, or virtue ethics, including its core moral principle or ideal, and applied that theory to the topic by demonstrating how its principles would support a particular position on your ethical question.
In this final written assignment, you will combine what you have done in these two exercises by examining an ethical issue and defending your own position on an ethical question regarding that issue.
This final written assignment should be written in essay form with the following clearly labeled sections:
Introduction
Ethical Argument
Explanation and Defense
Objection and Response
Conclusion
The paper should be between 1,300 and 1,500 words, utilize three scholarly resources, and include a title page and reference page.
Part 1: Introduction
In this section of the paper, you will begin with your ethical question, introduce the topic and paper, and close with a thesis statement.
The ethical question may be the same as your Week 3 written assignment (“Applying an Ethical Theory”) or a revised version of it.
The introduction should be revised in a way that reflects your additional thinking on the issue and question.
End this section with a thesis statement that states your position on the issue (the answer to the ethical question you believe is strongest) and provides a brief summary of the main ideas you will be presenting in the paper. Please see the assignment guidance for examples of thesis statements.
Place the introduction under the Part 1: Introduction heading.
Part 2: E.
Final Research Paper Assignment Detailed GuidelinesYou areAlysonDuongtw
Final Research Paper Assignment: Detailed Guidelines
:
You are asked to write a paper of 1700-words (minimum word count—any paper more than 150 words short of this minimum will not be accepted as a complete paper) to 2000-words (maximum word count—you may exceed this without penalty only if it essential to attaining the purpose of your paper). Your paper must cite the work of at least four philosophers studied during the course; there is no upper limit on the number of sources you may use. You have the option of writing a position paper or a comparison essay, depending on whether your plan is to argue in favor of an original position regarding the work and thought of at least four philosophers covered in the course or to comparatively evaluate the work of four or more philosophers. The topics below may be approached using either strategy; you may find that some will better lend themselves to a position paper (also known as an argumentative essay) and some will work better as a comparison essay. Choose the topic that most interests you and the strategy that works best for you.
Topic Areas
1) Plato, Hume, Kant, and Russell: What is human knowledge?
2) Kant, Mill, Aristotle, and Kierkegaard: What is the ethical life?
3) Sartre, James, Kierkegaard, and Nietzsche: What is an authentic, autonomous individual?
4) Descartes, Hume, Searle, and James: What is consciousness?
5) Plato, Kant, Kierkegaard, and Nietzsche: What is truth?
6) Plato, Descartes, Hume, and Nietzsche: What is the soul or self (conceived as an entity that is purely mental, spiritual, or nonphysical)?
7) Sartre, James, Kierkegaard, and Nietzsche: What is the role and value of religious faith?
8) Descartes, Kant, Sartre, and Nietzsche: What is free will and why does it matter?
9) Socrates/Plato, Russell, Sartre, and Nietzsche: What is the role and value of philosophy?
This assignment is broken into two parts:
Part I includes the following elements
:
- Title of the paper (please do not create a separate title page). Special note: DO NOT title your paper, "Final Paper." Your title is important; it should give the reader an immediate snapshot of what the paper will say and attempt to draw the reader in.
- Introductory paragraph (including your thesis). This is a very important part of the paper--it should not be too short or too long (but probably at least five sentences). Begin by introducing the general topic and providing the reader with some rationale for why this topic, and what you will say about it, is worth thinking and reading about. Good writers usually begin with a "hook" in the first line to draw the reader in. You might pose an interesting or intriguing question, bring in an apposite quote, or make a controversial or surprising claim—even one that seems to go against your thesis. You will soon bring the reader around to what your position is when you state your thesis, which is usually very near the end of the first paragraph. The introductory p ...
By now, you should have a firm grasp of the existing conversation on.docxPazSilviapm
By now, you should have a firm grasp of the existing conversation on your topic after having surveyed the field on your topic so as to narrow the who, what, where, when, and why/how, so that you can fully formulate your own ideas and develop an original complex claim with which to place yourself in the scholarly conversation on your topic.
Evaluating your working claim
As you draft your working claim, evaluate its efficacy. A strong claim will be:
• Contestable: Intentionally writing a claim that someone can disagree with
may seem counterintuitive, but consider that if no one could possibly disagree with what you’re arguing, there’s little point in writing about it. Being able to acknowledge and refute counterarguments will strengthen your claim, not weaken it.
o POOR: “Durham and Chapel Hill have much in common, although they are different in some ways.” Well, yeah, but who cares?
o BETTER: “Although Durham’s industrial past has created a more deeply troubled economic caste system than found in Chapel Hill, it has also created greater cultural diversity that is now helping to guide the city’s economic renewal.” There is certainly room for disagreement in this claim; as a result, it provides a much more interesting basis for discussion. The author is likely to support it more passionately than the first claim.
• Reasonable: While you want your claim to be contestable, you also want it to be reasonable. A claim can be radical, in the context of current dialogue on your topic, and still be reasonable if you have sufficient evidence to support it. Readers will recognize the difference between thoughtful, critical interpretations of evidence and contortions that twist evidence around to support an unreasonable claim.
• Specific: Broad claims are more difficult to support effectively than focused claims. Specific claims also tend to provide readers with more useful information than broad claims.
o POOR: “North Carolina apple farmers are responding to the current economic situation by finding new ways to generate income.”
o BETTER: “With hurricanes causing significant crop losses over the past decade, North Carolina apple farmers are increasingly relying on agrotourism to generate reliable supplemental income.”
• Significant: Consider the context of the course for which you are writing
your paper. Is your claim adding anything meaningful to the current dialogue surrounding your topic? Note that as you become more familiar with the concerns of a given topic or discipline, you will be able to contribute more significantly to the discussion.
• Interpretive: Does your claim offer an interpretation of evidence or does it simply describe a situation? If it describes a situation it is a claim of fact.
o POOR: “The United States is a federal system that divides governmental powers between national and state authorities.” Rather than offering an interpretation, this sentence describes an incontestable fact. While it may have truth value, it makes a poor th.
LING 281Template Sentences for Paper 1Templates for the au.docxmanningchassidy
LING 281
Template Sentences for Paper 1
Templates for the author’s main claim and reason
· The author’s main claim is X.
· The author reasons that X, Y, and Z.
· The author provides the following reasons for his/her claim: X; Y; and Z.
· Two reasons are given in support by the author. First,.…Second,.…
Templates for audience discussion
· The author’s audience likely consists of…
· The readers of the text are probably…
· The author appears to write for…
· This is evident through the ways the author…
· It appears as if the audience is X because Y.
· I inferred who the readers of the text likely are from textual clues such as…
Templates for the author’s textual organization
· The author organizes his article by…
· After he does X, he then goes on to do Y.
· Next, in paragraphs 4-7, the author…
· Finally, in his last section, the author…
· Perhaps the author organized his text by
in order to
.
· The reason for this organization is likely because….
A Quote Sandwich Model
Model for a “Quote Sandwich”
A paragraph that uses a quote, paraphrase, or summary, needs an introduction into the textual support and an explanation why the textual support is relevant to your argument.
It can be set up as a sandwich:
Example: (from Susie Park, a student of LING 281, Spring 2017)
TOP ( At the end of the article, Nelson states,
MIDDLE ( “You are Feidin Santana. You are CNN,”
BOTTOM ( in order to make a connection to the allusion at the beginning of the article.
Ways authors organize information in texts
Analysis
Break the subject (an object, event, or concept) down into parts and explain the various parts.
“Why?” “How?” “So what?” “What if?”
What it might mean is, how it relates to what is known, the implications it offers, in other words, my point is, to put it another way,
Cause and Effect
Explain both events and ideas. The cause is the stimulus or reason for an event or idea. The effect is the result or consequence of the even or idea.
So, because, cause, comes from, due to, if, on account of, reasons, since, stems from, accordingly, according to affect, as a result, consequence, consequently, creates, effect, hence, leads to, result, then, therefore, thus
Compare and contrast
Compare two or more items by describing how they are similar; contrast two or more items by explaining their differences; or, provide both the similarities and the differences for a number of items.
Comparison: alike, as well as, both, similarly, likewise, in the same way, analogous to, correspondingly, identical, equivalent
Contrast: alternatively, although, but, contrast, conversely, despite, differs from, however, in contrast, less, more, on the contrary, on the other hand, still, unlike, -er suffix (e.g., higher, better, newer)
Concession/refutation
Offer the opposition’s viewpoint and then tell why it is incorrect/inadequate/unimportant
Author states . . .; however, . . . .
Author believes . . ., but . . . .
Critique
Point out both the good and .
Essay Topic:
Name(s):
Category
5
4
3
2
1
Your score
Supporting Evidence
Student(s) provide a very wide range of materials to support their claims and statements (articles, cases, legislations, etc.)
Student(s) provide strong supporting evidence to back their claims
Student(s) provide adequate evidence to support claims
Student(s) provide weak evidence.
Student(s) provide no supporting evidence.
Structure and effectiveness
Essay is excellently structured with an introduction, body and conclusion. Essay maintains a clear thesis, and clear focus.
Essay is well structured with a good thesis and effective structure.
Essay is adequately structured and presented.
Essay is poorly structured and not well presented.
Essay has no structure and is ineffective in explaining the concepts.
Use of Sources
Essay contains a wide variety of sources and the student makes excellent use of referencing throughout the essay.
Essay contains a decent number of sources and student makes strong use of reference throughout.
Essay contains an adequate amount of sources and student makes adequate use of references throughout.
Essay contains a weak variety of sources and little referencing is made throughout essay.
Essay contains no references and a weak/non-existent bibliography
Critical Thinking
Essay contains insightful analysis with unique presentation clear connections made to real life.
Essay contains strong indications of critical thinking.
Essay contains average indications of critical thinking
Essay contains very little critical thinking.
Essay contains no critical thinking and weak analysis.
Comments
TOTAL
/20
Your assignment is to write a research project that includes a review of the current understanding of the topic, a clearly stated hypothesis, a description of the experimental or observational methods you would use to test your hypothesis, and a discussion of how your research will contribute to the field of this Course. Before you begin writing your proposal, you must conduct considerable research to determine what studies have been done and what questions remain unanswered. This library research should continue as you write to help you dig deeper into the topic, formulate your ideas, and devise your methods. Be prepared to make room for this back and forth between research and writing as you consider and reconsider your project ideas and begin drafting your proposal. You are free to select a topic you feel comfortable with.
The length of paper should contain no more than 1500 words.
I. Organisation
1. Abstract
The objective of this very short statement is to tell the reader something about the purpose of the course work and its content. You should explain what you intend to do and why. Then you should tell the reader what you did and what you would recommend.
The Abstract should be written at the end, when you have finished your work and the structure is complete. It may du.
Mapping the IssueFor your Issue Proposal, you organized yourVannaSchrader3
Mapping the Issue
For your Issue Proposal, you organized your preexisting knowledge on your issue and sketched a plan for research. You then compiled several sources and summarized their contents for your Annotated Bibliography. For this paper, you will map the controversy surrounding your issue by describing its history and summarizing at least three different positions on the issue — all from a completely neutral point of view. Your audience will be UTA students, faculty, and staff who read a (fictitious) UTA periodical that offers analysis and commentary about politics, news, and culture.
Before people can make an informed decision on a controversial issue, they must know the history of the controversy and the range of positions available. Major news organizations often in form their readers of public controversies by providing a neutral, unbiased description of an issue’s history and the main arguments made on all sides, and academic organizations often map field - specific controversies in order to provide researchers with a n overview of unsettled questions and unsolved problems.
Invention
In rhetorical studies, invention refers to the systematic search for ideas that can be shaped into an effective composition. (The term “prewriting” is sometimes used to refer to the concept of invention.) This section of the assignment, then, is designed to help you generate the required content for your Mapping paper.
Please note that the following steps are not intended to serve as an outline for your paper.
Rather, these steps will help you produce the “raw materials” that you will then refine into a well - organized paper, and these steps are likely to produce more material than you can actually use in the draft you submit to readers.
1.
Readers will need to have some background information on your issue in order to understand how the controversy reaches its current state. Draft answers to the following questions:
• What caused the issue?
• What prompted past and present interest in it?
• Who is interested in the issue and why?
2.
Readers w ill also want to know the current, major positions on the issue, so reflect on the titles in your Annotated Bibliography, draft descriptions of 3 - 5 different positions, and identify which articles in your bibliography advocate the positions you’ve described.
3.
Now that you’ve drafted descriptions of the background and major positions on your issue, draft a more detailed description of one position:
• What are the main claims of those who advocate this position?
• What reasons do they provide for those claims ?
• What evidence do they use to support their reasons?
• What assumptions underlie their arguments?
4.
Once you have described the position’s argumentative structure, summarize at least one source from your Annotated Bibliography that advocates this position.
5.
Repeat inventional steps three and four with a second position. Additionally, draft a ...
What is an Exploratory PaperExploratory Argument In explorat.docxalanfhall8953
What is an Exploratory Paper?
Exploratory Argument:
In exploratory essays, the writer (you) explores three sources that take a position on a controversial issue. All three sources can take the same side of the issue or two can take the same side and one can be on the other side of the issue. For example, take this issue: “Should there be stricter copyright penalties on the Internet? For instance, all three sources explored may argue that once a person uploads a photograph on, for example, flickr.com, it becomes public domain and no copyright laws should apply. The sources explored will argue on the same side of the issue, they all answer the issue question: yes. Yet, they will present evidence that will align with their different perspectives. For example, one source may take a legal perspective and the evidence will come from legal sources; another source may take a psychological perspective and their evidence to support their position will come from psychological studies, etc. In addition, the sources must come from a variety of secondary sources: scholarly journals, magazines, and/or newspapers, and the sources cannot be all Websites.
The Purpose
In the exploratory paper, the writer identifies three sources that take the same side of the issue; this means, for each source, their thesis statements/claims are the same. In order to help the reader (students, instructor) understand each source’s argument, the writer, (you) will include a brief 2-3 sentence summary for each source that includes the writer’s thesis/claim and the reasons provided to support his or her perspective. Also, this will include an analysis of how well the reasons and evidence support their position and their perspective. This requires specific references from the work in the form of direct quotations. This last part is important. Your own opinions are not expressed at all. This is not an argument paper.
Advantages to Writing an Exploratory Paper
Exploratory papers have a number of advantages. When you view an issue from many perspectives, you gain a greater depth of understanding of it and the various views taken. Also, exploratory papers provide mutual understanding and common ground for you next stage in argument: writing your own argument paper. These sources can be used to support your side to an issue or they may be used as an opposing view to your own position. After exploring sources on an issue, you learn about the other positions on this controversial issue.
How to Write the Exploratory Paper
The exploratory framework appears on eCompanion in the folder marked: “Exploratory Paper Assignment.” This handout basically lays out the format for each body paragraph. Also, there is a student sample essay that explores the issue: Should biotechnology be banned in U.S. sports? All three sources in this paper take the same side of this issue and argue that biotechnology basically destroys honest competition, but they approach and support thei.
These slides address the process of writing an effective personal statement or essay for a graduate school application. The presentation addresses understanding the audience and the expectations, brainstorming, and developing your essay.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
2. Refine ideas into a thesis Find an interesting problem(a gap, an ambiguity, an unresolved issue, something unsettling, a point of tension). Present your proposed solution, (new legislation, a particular application, an explanation) in a single sentence.
3. “Such-and such a law is unconstitutional.” “The legislature ought to enact the following statute.” “Properly interpreted, this statute means such-and-such.” “My empirical research shows that this law has unexpectedly led to…” “Viewing this law from a [feminist/Asian studies/Catholic/economic] perspective leads us to conclude that the law is flawed and should be changed in such-and-such a way.” (Volokh, p. 248)
4. Why should we care about this idea? What effect would the rule you propose have? What effect would a contrary rule have? Is the effect you seek achievable or worth the cost? What consequences are likely to result from the rule you propose? Will the reader come away from the paper with something that is professionally valuable? Develop the Implications
5. Choose a structure that reflects your purpose and be able to justify why the order works. I . Introduction (5-10% of the whole) II. Body (25-40% per section) A. Background and Legal DoctrinesB. Proof of ClaimC. Proof of Claim III. Conclusion (5-10%) Structure
6. I ssues R ule A pplication C onclusion Identify the legal issues raised by the problem and resolve these by finding and then applying relevant legal rules. Structure
7. Show that there is a problem. Let the reader know the destination (thesis) and emphasize the implications of your claim. State your intended route (the elements of your analysis in the order you will develop them). Introduction
8. The Body of the Article:Background Facts and Legal Doctrines Background information should be relevant. Synthesize precedents in the doctrinal line; do not summarize each one.
9. Remember that the point of legal writing is to persuade your reader of your thesis. Demonstrate that your claim is correct and the best way of solving the problem. Focus on your argument. Acknowledge the other side but do not let it have centre stage. The Body of the Article: Proof of Claim
10. Analysis should be in component parts; the structure should reflect the components. No more than three main sections. Sections should be balanced. Adopt a structure that allows you to integrate the facts, court cases, and policies. Section titles should orient the reader. Section titles should make reference to the aspect of your argument addressed in that section. The Body of the Article: Proof of Claim
11. Often remind the reader of your thesis. Tie the details clearly to the purpose. Review structure as you write. Reformulate thesis if necessary. Connect the discussion to the broader academic debate. Make the importance of your claim clear. The Body of the Article: Proof of Claim
12. Restate the claim. Summarize key points. Tell the reader why your claim is useful and important. Emphasize the implications. Conclusion
13. Find Your Own Voice Don’t imitate other styles. Discover your natural strengths as a writer. Address weaknesses in your writing that undermine your strengths. Maintain a tone of measured rationality.
14. Use well-placed, short, simple sentences for strong points. Tighten sentences by eliminating passive voice and excess language. Think of punctuation marks as units of expression. Style
15. Follow the forms in the 7th ed. McGill Law Journal Canadian Guide to Uniform Legal Citation: A uniform system allows for efficient and reliable recognition of legal sources. Proper citations and references give you credibility and present you as someone who can participate in the ongoing academic debate. Footnotes and Bibliography
16. Three types of information that require a footnote: References Facts Ideas Footnotes
17. Refer to a case, law, book, article, treaty, or other documentation to enable the reader to locate the source of your information. Enable readers to retrace your step and to decide for themselves whether the analysis is correct. Allow later readers to build from your argument without having to redo the preliminary work. Reference Footnotes
18. Provide further information for the reader Establish the information within the broader informational context Fact Footnotes
19. Establish your claim and analysis within the broader intellectual debate Present an alternative line of argument or tangents Ideas Footnotes
20. Bradford, C.S. (1994). As I lay writing: How to write law review articles for fun and profit. Journal of Legal Education, 44(1),13-34. Mock, W. (2006). When a rose isn’t ‘arose’ isn’t arroz: A guide to footnoting for informational clarity and scholarly discourse. International Journal of Legal Information, 34 (87-97). References and Recommended Reading
21. Samuelson, P. (1984). Good legal writing: Of Orwell and window panes. University of Pittsburgh Law Review, 149. Retrieved from http://people.ischool.berkeley.edu/~pam/papers/goodwriting.html Volokh, E. (1998). Writing a student article. Journal of Legal Education, 48(2), 247-272. References and Recommended Reading
22. The Legal Writing Teaching Assistant: The Law Student’s Guide to Good Writing http://www.kentlaw.edu/academics/lrw/grinker/LwtaIntroduction.htm Useful links
Editor's Notes
Biggest problem with articles written for publication– implications are unclear or weak.
Establish the issuesPresent the rule(s)Apply the rules to your issuesConclude
Types may also be thought of as Purposes of establishing Authority Purposes of Attribution To continue the discussion