How to: Write an Introduction and Closing Paragraph
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This document provides guidance on writing effective introductions and conclusions for essays. It emphasizes that the introduction and conclusion are the "bread slices" that frame the essay. The introduction should grab the reader's attention without announcing the purpose. It should state the topic and include a clear thesis. The conclusion should restate the thesis and summarize main points while conveying completeness. It should not simply rehash the essay or include weakening language.
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Writing Introductions
This document provides guidance on writing an effective introductory paragraph. It explains that the intro paragraph should grab the reader's attention with a hook, transition to a thesis statement that summarizes the main points, and be written in a specific order. It then offers examples of different types of hooks, including personal examples, quotations, facts/statistics, questions, and current events. The document stresses that the hook should be relevant to the thesis and come from a credible source.
The paragraph
The document discusses the key elements of a paragraph, including the topic sentence, supporting sentences, and concluding sentence. A topic sentence states the main idea and focuses the paragraph. Supporting sentences explain and develop the topic sentence using facts, examples, and details. The concluding sentence summarizes the main points and leaves the reader with a final thought. Together, these elements provide unity and coherence within a paragraph.
Thesis Statements
This document provides guidance on developing strong thesis statements. It defines a thesis statement as a single sentence that asserts, controls, and structures the entire argument of a paper. A good thesis statement will make a specific claim, rather than just an observation, and it will control the entire argument by determining what must be discussed. It also provides the structure of the paper by suggesting how the argument will be presented. The thesis acts as a contract between the writer and reader, so it should not introduce unexpected ideas. The document provides questions to help evaluate whether a thesis statement is adequately focused and specific.
Developing a thesis statement
The document provides tips for developing a strong thesis statement. It explains that a thesis statement makes a specific claim about a topic that can be supported with evidence. It should take a clear stand rather than just announcing the topic. A good thesis is narrow and specific rather than broad and vague. It asserts an argument rather than just stating a fact. The document emphasizes that a thesis is a work in progress and can be revised as the paper develops.
Essay Structure
The document discusses the structure of an essay, outlining that it typically contains an introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction includes a general statement about the topic and a thesis statement. The body paragraphs develop the topic through evidence and examples. A conclusion restates the main points and leaves the reader with final thoughts. An outline further organizes an essay with roman numerals, capital letters, numbers, and small letters labeling each section.
Writing Academic English
The Process of Academic Writing
Writing a Paragraph (Coherence, Supporting Details)
Writing an Essay (Paraphrase and Summary)
Sentence Structure (Types of Sentences & Clauses)
Source: Book by Alice Oshima and Ann Hogue
Summarizing tips
This document provides tips for summarizing texts in 3 main points:
1) Summarizing requires cutting out unnecessary details like sculpting to focus on the key points.
2) Summarizing is a useful skill for writing essays, presentations, and class projects as it demonstrates understanding of the text.
3) An 8-step method is proposed for summarizing a text that includes preparing by understanding headings, reading actively, organizing with a graphic, writing a thesis statement, drafting, revising, and ensuring the summary accurately reflects the original ideas without personal commentary.
Steps in Writing a Paragraph
The document provides guidance on writing effective paragraphs and techniques for good writing. It discusses 5 steps in paragraph writing including deciding on a controlling idea, explaining the idea, giving examples, explaining examples, and completing the paragraph's idea. It also outlines principles for writing effective paragraphs such as focusing on a main idea, using specific details, and making paragraphs coherent. The document recommends asking questions before, during, and after writing to improve paragraph structure and flow.
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Writing Introductions
This document provides guidance on writing an effective introductory paragraph. It explains that the intro paragraph should grab the reader's attention with a hook, transition to a thesis statement that summarizes the main points, and be written in a specific order. It then offers examples of different types of hooks, including personal examples, quotations, facts/statistics, questions, and current events. The document stresses that the hook should be relevant to the thesis and come from a credible source.
The paragraph
The document discusses the key elements of a paragraph, including the topic sentence, supporting sentences, and concluding sentence. A topic sentence states the main idea and focuses the paragraph. Supporting sentences explain and develop the topic sentence using facts, examples, and details. The concluding sentence summarizes the main points and leaves the reader with a final thought. Together, these elements provide unity and coherence within a paragraph.
Thesis Statements
This document provides guidance on developing strong thesis statements. It defines a thesis statement as a single sentence that asserts, controls, and structures the entire argument of a paper. A good thesis statement will make a specific claim, rather than just an observation, and it will control the entire argument by determining what must be discussed. It also provides the structure of the paper by suggesting how the argument will be presented. The thesis acts as a contract between the writer and reader, so it should not introduce unexpected ideas. The document provides questions to help evaluate whether a thesis statement is adequately focused and specific.
Developing a thesis statement
The document provides tips for developing a strong thesis statement. It explains that a thesis statement makes a specific claim about a topic that can be supported with evidence. It should take a clear stand rather than just announcing the topic. A good thesis is narrow and specific rather than broad and vague. It asserts an argument rather than just stating a fact. The document emphasizes that a thesis is a work in progress and can be revised as the paper develops.
Essay Structure
The document discusses the structure of an essay, outlining that it typically contains an introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction includes a general statement about the topic and a thesis statement. The body paragraphs develop the topic through evidence and examples. A conclusion restates the main points and leaves the reader with final thoughts. An outline further organizes an essay with roman numerals, capital letters, numbers, and small letters labeling each section.
Writing Academic English
The Process of Academic Writing
Writing a Paragraph (Coherence, Supporting Details)
Writing an Essay (Paraphrase and Summary)
Sentence Structure (Types of Sentences & Clauses)
Source: Book by Alice Oshima and Ann Hogue
Summarizing tips
This document provides tips for summarizing texts in 3 main points:
1) Summarizing requires cutting out unnecessary details like sculpting to focus on the key points.
2) Summarizing is a useful skill for writing essays, presentations, and class projects as it demonstrates understanding of the text.
3) An 8-step method is proposed for summarizing a text that includes preparing by understanding headings, reading actively, organizing with a graphic, writing a thesis statement, drafting, revising, and ensuring the summary accurately reflects the original ideas without personal commentary.
Steps in Writing a Paragraph
The document provides guidance on writing effective paragraphs and techniques for good writing. It discusses 5 steps in paragraph writing including deciding on a controlling idea, explaining the idea, giving examples, explaining examples, and completing the paragraph's idea. It also outlines principles for writing effective paragraphs such as focusing on a main idea, using specific details, and making paragraphs coherent. The document recommends asking questions before, during, and after writing to improve paragraph structure and flow.
Essay conclusions
The document provides guidance on writing effective essay conclusions in 3-4 sentences:
(1) The conclusion should summarize the main idea or thesis of the essay and restate the most important points.
(2) It should provide a sense of completion to the essay while leaving the reader with a final impression.
(3) The conclusion may also suggest questions for further discussion, present solutions to problems discussed in the essay, or call the reader to take action. Effective conclusions tie back to the introduction to form a cohesive whole.
How to write an essay introduction presentation
This document provides instruction on writing the introduction to an essay, including defining the purpose and components of an introduction. It explains that an introduction should use a grabber sentence to engage the reader, transitional sentences to connect to the thesis statement, and conclude with a clear thesis statement that presents the main argument of the essay. Tips are provided for writing effective grabber sentences, transitions, and thesis statements.
Summary writing
The document discusses summary writing skills that are important for college students. It explains that professors may ask students to summarize readings, articles, or lectures in a short summary that includes the main idea and key concepts. To write an effective summary, students should fully understand the original text by carefully reading it multiple times and annotating and taking notes. They should then concisely restate the main points of each section in their own words, including only the most relevant and important details from the original text.
What is an essay
An essay is an organized piece of writing that focuses on a single topic and is organized around a general idea or thesis. The thesis develops from the main ideas in the supporting paragraphs, which make up the body of the essay. An essay begins with an introduction and ends with a concluding paragraph. The thesis statement, usually expressed in the first paragraph, states the main idea or argument being supported throughout the essay. Writing essays helps express ideas clearly and concisely while conveying a lot of information in a small space. An essay includes an introduction with a thesis statement, several body paragraphs with supporting details, and a conclusion.
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Writing effective body paragraphs
The document provides guidance on writing effective body paragraphs in essays. It discusses that body paragraphs should be unified, coherent, systematically organized, and well-developed with sufficient support. Each body paragraph should introduce a new idea that elaborates on a major point in developing the overall argument. Body paragraphs are organized by introducing a topic sentence, followed by a supporting point and evidence/examples for that point. Cohesion and flow between paragraphs can be achieved through the use of transition words, pronoun references that connect ideas, and repetition of key ideas. The document also lists several methods for organizing body paragraphs such as chronological order, comparison/contrast, cause and effect, etc.
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Essay writing for english
The document provides guidance on writing introductions for expository essays. It explains that an introduction should include a hook to grab the reader's attention, a linking sentence connecting the hook to the thesis statement, and a thesis statement presenting the main argument along with a preview of supporting points. Examples are given of different types of hooks and how to structure an effective introduction.
Expository essays
Expository essays explain or describe something using facts rather than opinions. They analyze events, ideas, objects, or written works. Examples include essays that describe how to do something or explain a process. When writing an expository essay, follow steps like selecting a narrow topic, outlining the essay, writing a thesis statement, choosing a method of development, writing topic sentences and body paragraphs, and including an introduction and conclusion. The structure includes an introduction with context and thesis, body paragraphs with topic sentences and supporting evidence, and a conclusion.
Paragraph writing
The document provides instructions on how to write an effective paragraph. It states that a paragraph should present a single main idea through a topic sentence. It should then provide supporting details to develop and explain the main idea while maintaining a consistent flow. A paragraph needs unity, coherence, a clear topic sentence, and sufficient development of the main point in order to inform the reader effectively.
Writing an effective conclusion
This document provides guidance on writing an effective conclusion paragraph. It explains that a conclusion should wrap up the essay by demonstrating how the thesis was proven. The conclusion should begin specifically and move generally, mirroring the introduction. It should rephrase the thesis statement and summarize the main points and ideas from the body without introducing new information. The conclusion should leave the reader feeling a sense of closure and understanding of the topic.
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There are several types of essays including descriptive, definition, narrative, compare and contrast, persuasive, and argumentative. Descriptive essays provide vivid details to help readers visualize what is being described. Definition essays explain what a term means using facts and examples. Narrative essays tell a story from a subjective point of view using first-person perspective. Compare and contrast essays examine relationships between two or more topics. Persuasive essays try to convince readers of a point of view using strong supporting evidence. Argumentative essays address controversial issues by presenting a claim and supporting reasons while acknowledging other views.
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Writing body paragraphs
The body paragraphs in an essay should develop the topic, prove points, and have a consistent pattern. A paragraph contains a topic sentence stating the main idea, supporting sentences with details and examples, and optionally a concluding sentence summarizing the key points. Topic sentences should be complete sentences that are neither too broad nor narrow in scope. Supporting sentences explain, prove, or expand on the topic sentence with facts, examples, statistics or quotations. A concluding sentence restates the main idea or summarizes the key points of the paragraph.
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The report summarizes a translation workshop organized by an English club to improve students' academic writing skills. While the workshop achieved its objective, some participants felt that not having enough time led to an unfinished translation work. The report recommends making translation workshops a regular bi-monthly program to allow more time and help complete such works while further developing students' language skills.
How to Write a Summary Essay
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HOW TO WRITE EFFECTIVE TOPIC SENTENCES?
We all do our research and put an effort in making a clear and an accurate presentation, but I'd be glad if this could help especially for those who are taking major in English and the like. Good luck!
A proper credit would be appreciated.
• Jay-ar A. Padernal, BSEd Major in English, University of Mindanao
Critical reading
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Writing Effective Opening And Closing Paragraphs
This document provides guidance on writing effective opening, closing, and thesis paragraphs for essays. It discusses using attention-grabbing techniques like questions, quotes, anecdotes or statistics in opening paragraphs. The document also notes that closing paragraphs should reiterate the thesis, summarize key ideas, and signal the end of the paper. Additionally, it emphasizes that the thesis statement in the introduction should clearly outline the main points that will be discussed without being too broad or specific.
Conclusions
The document discusses conclusions for essays. It states that most students believe conclusions simply restate the thesis or main ideas, but effective conclusions draw implications from the ideas presented in the body. A good conclusion stresses the importance of the thesis, gives a sense of completeness, and leaves a final impression. When writing a conclusion, authors can call to action, prompt reevaluation of beliefs, apply ideas to real situations, or return to a significant idea with new meaning. It's best to think about conclusions during later drafts once ideas have developed.
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Essay conclusions
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(2) It should provide a sense of completion to the essay while leaving the reader with a final impression.
(3) The conclusion may also suggest questions for further discussion, present solutions to problems discussed in the essay, or call the reader to take action. Effective conclusions tie back to the introduction to form a cohesive whole.
How to write an essay introduction presentation
This document provides instruction on writing the introduction to an essay, including defining the purpose and components of an introduction. It explains that an introduction should use a grabber sentence to engage the reader, transitional sentences to connect to the thesis statement, and conclude with a clear thesis statement that presents the main argument of the essay. Tips are provided for writing effective grabber sentences, transitions, and thesis statements.
Summary writing
The document discusses summary writing skills that are important for college students. It explains that professors may ask students to summarize readings, articles, or lectures in a short summary that includes the main idea and key concepts. To write an effective summary, students should fully understand the original text by carefully reading it multiple times and annotating and taking notes. They should then concisely restate the main points of each section in their own words, including only the most relevant and important details from the original text.
What is an essay
An essay is an organized piece of writing that focuses on a single topic and is organized around a general idea or thesis. The thesis develops from the main ideas in the supporting paragraphs, which make up the body of the essay. An essay begins with an introduction and ends with a concluding paragraph. The thesis statement, usually expressed in the first paragraph, states the main idea or argument being supported throughout the essay. Writing essays helps express ideas clearly and concisely while conveying a lot of information in a small space. An essay includes an introduction with a thesis statement, several body paragraphs with supporting details, and a conclusion.
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Critical reading involves the active examination of a text by analyzing language choices, connecting to prior knowledge and experiences, evaluating evidence, and questioning both the text and one's own interpretations. When reading critically, readers aim to understand an author's argument and main ideas, organize information, make judgments and opinions, and gain a deeper understanding of what was read. Some benefits of critical reading are discovering an author's perspective, organizing topics, aiding comprehension of difficult materials, and developing opinions based on evidence.
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The document outlines 8 steps to writing an essay:
1. Understand the assignment by reading the prompt and clarifying any questions.
2. Brainstorm topics that interest you and that you don't know much about to ensure learning.
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4. Develop a thesis statement that states the essay's purpose and what it will accomplish.
5. Create an outline organizing the introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion.
6. Write the essay by starting to get ideas on paper with a cup of coffee.
7. Cite all sources of information or facts in the paper and on
Short Report Presentation
This document discusses report writing and provides guidance on writing short reports. It explains that reports are used to keep records, share information with others, and help with evaluation and further actions. It then provides a template for writing short reports, including sections for the title page, abstract/summary, introduction, background, discussion, conclusion, and recommendations. Each section is described in one to two sentences. For example, the introduction identifies the subject, purpose, and plan, while the discussion covers methods, findings, and evaluation. Recommendations state what actions the report calls for.
Writing effective body paragraphs
The document provides guidance on writing effective body paragraphs in essays. It discusses that body paragraphs should be unified, coherent, systematically organized, and well-developed with sufficient support. Each body paragraph should introduce a new idea that elaborates on a major point in developing the overall argument. Body paragraphs are organized by introducing a topic sentence, followed by a supporting point and evidence/examples for that point. Cohesion and flow between paragraphs can be achieved through the use of transition words, pronoun references that connect ideas, and repetition of key ideas. The document also lists several methods for organizing body paragraphs such as chronological order, comparison/contrast, cause and effect, etc.
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This document provides information and guidance on writing essays. It discusses the different types of essays such as argumentative, compare and contrast, narrative, persuasive, descriptive, discursive, cause and effect, and expository. For each type, it provides the definition and some example topics. The document also outlines the steps to writing an essay, including pre-writing, organizing, drafting, revising, editing, and finalizing. It emphasizes that the essay should have a clear introduction, thesis, body paragraphs, and conclusion. Overall, the document serves as a useful guide for students on how to approach and structure various types of essays.
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The document provides guidance on writing introductions for expository essays. It explains that an introduction should include a hook to grab the reader's attention, a linking sentence connecting the hook to the thesis statement, and a thesis statement presenting the main argument along with a preview of supporting points. Examples are given of different types of hooks and how to structure an effective introduction.
Expository essays
Expository essays explain or describe something using facts rather than opinions. They analyze events, ideas, objects, or written works. Examples include essays that describe how to do something or explain a process. When writing an expository essay, follow steps like selecting a narrow topic, outlining the essay, writing a thesis statement, choosing a method of development, writing topic sentences and body paragraphs, and including an introduction and conclusion. The structure includes an introduction with context and thesis, body paragraphs with topic sentences and supporting evidence, and a conclusion.
Paragraph writing
The document provides instructions on how to write an effective paragraph. It states that a paragraph should present a single main idea through a topic sentence. It should then provide supporting details to develop and explain the main idea while maintaining a consistent flow. A paragraph needs unity, coherence, a clear topic sentence, and sufficient development of the main point in order to inform the reader effectively.
Writing an effective conclusion
This document provides guidance on writing an effective conclusion paragraph. It explains that a conclusion should wrap up the essay by demonstrating how the thesis was proven. The conclusion should begin specifically and move generally, mirroring the introduction. It should rephrase the thesis statement and summarize the main points and ideas from the body without introducing new information. The conclusion should leave the reader feeling a sense of closure and understanding of the topic.
Types Of Essay
There are several types of essays including descriptive, definition, narrative, compare and contrast, persuasive, and argumentative. Descriptive essays provide vivid details to help readers visualize what is being described. Definition essays explain what a term means using facts and examples. Narrative essays tell a story from a subjective point of view using first-person perspective. Compare and contrast essays examine relationships between two or more topics. Persuasive essays try to convince readers of a point of view using strong supporting evidence. Argumentative essays address controversial issues by presenting a claim and supporting reasons while acknowledging other views.
Progress reports
A progress report describes an ongoing project and allows you to check in with your audience. There are two types - one organized by time to describe completed work and future work, and one organized by task to describe completed work for each task. A progress report should evaluate how the project is proceeding, convey optimism about good news without overstatements, and not panic if results are not as planned or the project is behind schedule. A sample progress report is organized chronologically, discusses completed tasks and future work with references to supporting materials in appendices, and concludes by summarizing the status of the project.
Writing body paragraphs
The body paragraphs in an essay should develop the topic, prove points, and have a consistent pattern. A paragraph contains a topic sentence stating the main idea, supporting sentences with details and examples, and optionally a concluding sentence summarizing the key points. Topic sentences should be complete sentences that are neither too broad nor narrow in scope. Supporting sentences explain, prove, or expand on the topic sentence with facts, examples, statistics or quotations. A concluding sentence restates the main idea or summarizes the key points of the paragraph.
Report writing ppt
The report summarizes a translation workshop organized by an English club to improve students' academic writing skills. While the workshop achieved its objective, some participants felt that not having enough time led to an unfinished translation work. The report recommends making translation workshops a regular bi-monthly program to allow more time and help complete such works while further developing students' language skills.
How to Write a Summary Essay
You can find a lot of guides on how to write a summary essay in the web, but took the most important aspects of it and created informative presentation, so check this it and discover how to write a summary essay fast and easy. http://www.summarywriting.net/
HOW TO WRITE EFFECTIVE TOPIC SENTENCES?
We all do our research and put an effort in making a clear and an accurate presentation, but I'd be glad if this could help especially for those who are taking major in English and the like. Good luck!
A proper credit would be appreciated.
• Jay-ar A. Padernal, BSEd Major in English, University of Mindanao
Critical reading
This document discusses critical reading techniques. It defines critical reading as actively paying attention to the main idea, purpose, conclusions, and maintaining interest. Characteristics of critical readers include reading with a pencil, previewing material, asking questions, and re-reading difficult sections. Critical readers ask questions about the topic, purpose, organization, sources, and how their existing knowledge relates. Suggested techniques include previewing, annotating, summarizing reactions, and using supplemental resources to aid comprehension.
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Writing Effective Opening And Closing Paragraphs
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The document provides guidance on writing an academic essay. It explains that an essay is generally a short written piece that develops a main idea or theme. The main parts of an essay are the introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction engages the reader and includes a thesis statement, while the body paragraphs provide supporting points for the thesis and the conclusion ties everything together. The writing process involves researching, brainstorming ideas, outlining, drafting, and revising. Academic essays should use formal language, cite sources, address counterarguments, and avoid personal opinions or plagiarism.
Writing an academic essay
The document provides guidance on writing an academic essay. It explains that an essay is generally a short written piece that develops a main idea or theme. The main parts of an essay are the introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction engages the reader and includes a thesis statement, while the body paragraphs provide supporting points for the thesis and the conclusion ties everything together. The writing process involves researching, brainstorming ideas, outlining, drafting, and revising. Academic essays should use formal language, cite sources, address counterarguments, and avoid personal opinions or plagiarism.
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Introductions and conclusions are important parts of academic papers. The introduction should hook the reader into the topic and provide context for what will be discussed. Similarly, the conclusion should wrap up the main points and arguments and bring the reader back from the topic. Effective introductions can start broadly and then focus in, while conclusions should not just restate but synthesize the key ideas and insights. It is important for both introductions and conclusions to be engaging for the reader.
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What is an Essay:
An essay is a piece of writing that is written to convince someone of something or to simply inform the reader about a particular topic. In order for the reader to be convinced or adequately informed, the essay must include several important components to make it flow in a logical way.
The main parts (or sections) to an essay;
Introduction
Body
conclusion
Choose the Type of Essay:
The first step to writing an essay is to define what type of essay you are writing. There are four main categories into which essays can be grouped:
Narrative Essay: Tell a story or impart information about your subject in a straightforward, orderly manner, like in a story.
Persuasive Essay: Convince the reader about some point of view.
Expository Essay: Explain to the reader how to do a given process. You could, for example, write an expository essay with step-by-step instructions on how to make a peanut butter sandwich.
Descriptive Essay: Focus on the details of what is going on.
Choose the Type of Essay:
The first step to writing an essay is to define what type of essay you are writing. There are four main categories into which essays can be grouped:
Narrative Essay: Tell a story or impart information about your subject in a straightforward, orderly manner, like in a story.
Persuasive Essay: Convince the reader about some point of view.
Expository Essay: Explain to the reader how to do a given process. You could, for example, write an expository essay with step-by-step instructions on how to make a peanut butter sandwich.
Descriptive Essay: Focus on the details of what is going on.
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A handbook on how to write a conclusion for an essay
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“How to write a conclusion for an essay!” – Well, the above outline must have helped you in getting over these worries. Here are some tips on the same context. You must apply the following principles in your essay while writing the conclusion section.
Do not simply summarize your essay, keep it brief and effective
Remember to clearly rephrase and restate your argument in the ending section
Draft the ending depending on your discipline
You should not quote filler texts rather choose to be relevant
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How to: Write an Introduction and Closing Paragraph
- 1. By: Husain Baaqel ENC 1102 Kyle Stedman
- 2. Writing an Essay The most important factors to consider when writing an essay are a proper introduction and conclusion. These two paragraphs are the backbone of the essay. It’s sort of like a sandwich. The introduction and conclusion symbolize the bread slices.
- 3. The Introduction! First impressions are very important. The first sentence of a paper sets the stage for a lasting opinion.1 The start of the introduction should always grab the reader’s attention. When starting the introduction, do NOT blatantly announce the purpose of the essay.2 Example: In this paper, I will…. 1: Quoted from Grace Fleming’s “How to Write a Strong Introduction” 2: Adapted from- Things NOT to do in an introductory paragraph.
- 4. Introduction Guidelines When writing an introduction, important concepts to keep in mind are: Clearly state the subject being dealt with State the narrow topic the paper is focusing on End the introduction with a clear thesis by mentioning the position being taken
- 5. The Dreaded Thesis Statement! Coming up with a proper thesis statement can be difficult. To make this process simpler follow these simple rules3 : Make the thesis statement narrow, specific and clear Do NOT promise any analysis or review on the topic Try to find a specific argument to defend Yes!: I will argue that the use of marijuana should be legalized. No!!: I wish to review the pros of making marijuana legal. 3: Quoted from “How to write a structured essay”
- 7. Wrapping It Up The conclusion provides the writer one last chance to persuade the reader. It should contain the restated thesis and a summary of the main points. The most important thing to remember is that the conclusion should “convey a sense of completeness and closure as well as a sense of the lingering possibilities of the topic.”4 4: Harvard’s website on Writing a Conclusion
- 8. A Conclusion Should NOT… Be a simple summary of the essay Contain an apology for your position on the argument Allow readers the chance to question your stance on the topic Do not undercut your authority by using phrases such as: “This is just one approach..” “It seems like…” Begin with: “in conclusion,” “to conclude,” or “in summary”5 5: Harvard's Website on Writing a Conclusion
- 9. In the end… Using these simple tips will help you create effective introduction and conclusion paragraphs which will make your essay flow.
- 10. "A Proper Introduction: Things NOT to do in an introductory paragraph." The Guide to Grammar and Writing. Capital Community College Foundation. 29 Apr 2009 <http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/GRAMMAR/intros.htm>. Bellanca, Pat. "Ending The Essay: Conclusions." Writing Center. 1998. Harvard University. 29 Apr 2009 <http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~wricntr/documents/Conclusions.html>. Fleming, Grace. "The Introductory Paragraph: Start With a Great First Sentence." About.com. 29 Apr 2009 <http://homeworktips.about.com/od/paperassignments/a/introsentence.htm>. "How to Write a Structured Essay." EastChance.com. 2000. 29 Apr 2009 <http://www.eastchance.com/howto/struct_es.asp>.