According to WRVH, “The intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, that either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, mal-development, or deprivation.“ The life cycle of violence may start from prenatal phase to elderly phase if the chain is not broken. In Nepal violence, especially domestic and gender based violence is very prevalent and requires attention.

1. A Presentation on
Life Cycle of Violence
Prepared by:
Shisam Neupane
5th Semester
KAHS
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2. What is Violence?
• “The intentional use of physical force or power,
threatened or actual, against oneself, another
person, or against a group or community, that either
results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in
injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment,
or deprivation.“
-World report on violence and health (WRVH)
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4. • Globally, approximately 470,000 homicides
occur each year and millions of people suffer
violence-related injuries.
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5. • Beyond death and injury, exposure to violence
can increase the risk of:
 smoking, alcohol and drug abuse;
mental illness and suicidality;
infectious diseases such as HIV,
and social problems such as crime and further
violence.
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6. • While violence affects people of all ages, their
changing nature and relationships (with family
members, peers, authorities, etc.) and the
different environments (at home, in school, at
work, etc) in which they spend time expose
them to specific forms of violence during each
phase of their life.
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7. Life Cycle of Violence
Prenatal
Infancy
Childhood
Adolescence
Adulthood
Elderly
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8. Prenatal Period
• Sex-selective abortion
• Coerced pregnancy
• Battering during pregnancy
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9. Infancy
• Infanticide,
• Physical abuse,
• Differential access to food and medical care.
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10. Childhood
• Child marriage
• Genital mutilation
• Physical, emotional and
sexual abuse by family
members and strangers
• Differential access to food,
medical care and education
• Child trafficking
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13. Adolescence
• Violence during courtship
• Economically coerced sex
• Sexual abuse
• Forced marriage
• Acid attack
• Rape
• Trafficking
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14. • Menstrual issues
• Bullying
• Cyber crime
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18. Adulthood
• Physical, psychological and sexual abuse by
intimate partners and relatives
• Forced pregnancies by partner
• Sexual abuse
• Harassments; rape
• Abuse of widows, including property grabbing
• Homicide
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19. • Dowry-related violence
• So called honor crimes
• Political violence
• Economic abuse
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20. Israa, a 21-year-old makeup artist from the town
of Beit Sahour in the West Bank, was reportedly
beaten to death by her own brother for
“dishonouring” the family. The tragic episode
was ignited by a video posted on social media,
where Israa was seen spending time with her
soon-to-be fiancé.
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21. Elderly
• Abuse of widows, including property grabbing;
accusations of witchcraft
• physical and psychological violence by
younger family members
• differential access to food and medical care.
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22. 10 Facts of Violence
1. Violence accounts for 1.4 million deaths
per year globally.
2. Suicide and homicide account for more
than 80% of violence-related deaths.
3. 90% of deaths due to violence occurs in
low and middle income countries.
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23. 4. Violence mainly impacts young,
economically productive people
5. The health impact of violence is not
limited to physical injury
6. Violence is preventable and its impact
can be reduced
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24. 7. People can be benefitted from violence
prevention programs in school.
8. Promoting positive, nurturing relationships
within families can prevent violence.
9. Community programs can play a role in
preventing violence.
10.Societies can prevent violence
by reducing risks such as
alcohol, guns and gender and
economic inequality.
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