ADITYA-L1 NARSINGH.pptx
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Aditya-L1 is a coronagraphy spacecraft to study the solar atmosphere, designed and developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and various .
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ADITYA-L1 MISSION
Aditya-L1 is the first space-based observatory-class Indian
solar mission to study the Sun. The spacecraft is planned to be
placed in a halo orbit around the Lagrangian point1 (L1) of the
Sun-Earth system, which is about 1.5 million km from the Earth.
A satellite placed in the halo orbit around the L1 point has
the major advantage of continuously viewing the Sun without any
occultation/eclipse. This will provide a greater advantage of
observing the solar activities continuously.
The spacecraft will carry seven payloads to observe the
photosphere, chromosphere, and the outermost layers of the Sun
(the corona) using electromagnetic and particle detectors.
Using the special vantage point of L1, four payloads will directly
view the Sun and the remaining three payloads will carry out
in-situ studies of particles and fields at the Lagrange point L1.
The suit of Aditya L1 payloads are expected to provide most
crucial information to understand the problems of coronal heating,
Coronal Mass Ejection, pre-flare and flare activities, and their
characteristics, dynamics of space weather, study of the
propagation of particles, fields in the interplanetary medium, etc
ADITYA-L1 MISSION THE FIRST OBSERVATORY-CLASS SPACE-BASED SOLAR MISSION FROM ...
Our Sun is the nearest star and the
largest object in the solar system. The
estimated age of sun is about 4.5 billion
years. It is a hot glowing ball of hydrogen
and helium gases. The distance to the
sun from the earth is about 150 million
kilometres, and is the source of energy
for our solar system. Without the solar
energy the life on earth, as we know, can
not exist. The gravity of the sun holds all
the objects of the solar system together.
At the central region of the sun, known
as ‘core’, the temperature can reach as
high as 15 million degree Celsius. At this
temperature, a process called nuclear
fusion takes place in the core which
powers the sun. The visible surface of the
sun known as photosphere is relatively
cool and has temperature of about
5,500°C.
ADITYA-L1 MISSION
The Aditya-L1 spacecraft is equipped with seven specialized instruments designed to observe different aspects of the Sun, including its photosphere, chromosphere, and the outermost layer called the corona. These instruments utilize various techniques, including electromagnetic and particle detection, as well as magnetic field measurement.
Isro’s aditya 1
The document discusses India's Aditya-1 satellite mission to study the sun. Aditya-1, budgeted at 49 crore rupees, will be India's first solar mission and satellite designed to study the sun's corona. The satellite aims to determine why solar flares and winds disturb communications on Earth and help protect other satellites. Aditya-1 is planned for launch between 2017-2020 and will carry instruments to observe the corona and surface of the sun.
Indian space research organisation
The document provides an overview of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and its activities and accomplishments. It discusses that ISRO is India's primary space agency, established in 1969, and has since launched numerous satellites using its own rockets. These include India's first satellite in 1975, and its first lunar probe in 2008. The document outlines ISRO's goals of applying space technology to national development tasks. It also summarizes ISRO's launch vehicle fleet, including its first Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV) in 1979, as well as its Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) programs. Finally, it discusses ISRO's plans for a crewed orbital spacecraft and maiden
Chandrayaan 2
Chandrayaan 2 mission details. The rocket and it's payloads are explained. Pictures taken by the orbiter are also listed. It also talks about the different experiments that were supposed to be carried by the rover. The reason for the mission failure and future isro projects like Chandrayaan 3 are discussed.
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Space Weather: Forecasting, Tracking, and the Effects of Earth Directed Solar...
This document provides an overview of space weather phenomena, their effects on Earth, and how they are forecasted and tracked. It describes various solar events like solar flares and coronal mass ejections that can impact Earth. These events are monitored using instruments in space. Models then use data to predict the speed and arrival of solar material. When events hit Earth, they can cause auroras, radiation storms, and issues for technologies. Continuous research improves understanding and forecasting of space weather, which is important as society increasingly relies on technologies affected by these solar events.
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ADITYA-L1 MISSION
Aditya-L1 is the first space-based observatory-class Indian
solar mission to study the Sun. The spacecraft is planned to be
placed in a halo orbit around the Lagrangian point1 (L1) of the
Sun-Earth system, which is about 1.5 million km from the Earth.
A satellite placed in the halo orbit around the L1 point has
the major advantage of continuously viewing the Sun without any
occultation/eclipse. This will provide a greater advantage of
observing the solar activities continuously.
The spacecraft will carry seven payloads to observe the
photosphere, chromosphere, and the outermost layers of the Sun
(the corona) using electromagnetic and particle detectors.
Using the special vantage point of L1, four payloads will directly
view the Sun and the remaining three payloads will carry out
in-situ studies of particles and fields at the Lagrange point L1.
The suit of Aditya L1 payloads are expected to provide most
crucial information to understand the problems of coronal heating,
Coronal Mass Ejection, pre-flare and flare activities, and their
characteristics, dynamics of space weather, study of the
propagation of particles, fields in the interplanetary medium, etc
ADITYA-L1 MISSION THE FIRST OBSERVATORY-CLASS SPACE-BASED SOLAR MISSION FROM ...
Our Sun is the nearest star and the
largest object in the solar system. The
estimated age of sun is about 4.5 billion
years. It is a hot glowing ball of hydrogen
and helium gases. The distance to the
sun from the earth is about 150 million
kilometres, and is the source of energy
for our solar system. Without the solar
energy the life on earth, as we know, can
not exist. The gravity of the sun holds all
the objects of the solar system together.
At the central region of the sun, known
as ‘core’, the temperature can reach as
high as 15 million degree Celsius. At this
temperature, a process called nuclear
fusion takes place in the core which
powers the sun. The visible surface of the
sun known as photosphere is relatively
cool and has temperature of about
5,500°C.
ADITYA-L1 MISSION
The Aditya-L1 spacecraft is equipped with seven specialized instruments designed to observe different aspects of the Sun, including its photosphere, chromosphere, and the outermost layer called the corona. These instruments utilize various techniques, including electromagnetic and particle detection, as well as magnetic field measurement.
Isro’s aditya 1
The document discusses India's Aditya-1 satellite mission to study the sun. Aditya-1, budgeted at 49 crore rupees, will be India's first solar mission and satellite designed to study the sun's corona. The satellite aims to determine why solar flares and winds disturb communications on Earth and help protect other satellites. Aditya-1 is planned for launch between 2017-2020 and will carry instruments to observe the corona and surface of the sun.
Indian space research organisation
The document provides an overview of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and its activities and accomplishments. It discusses that ISRO is India's primary space agency, established in 1969, and has since launched numerous satellites using its own rockets. These include India's first satellite in 1975, and its first lunar probe in 2008. The document outlines ISRO's goals of applying space technology to national development tasks. It also summarizes ISRO's launch vehicle fleet, including its first Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV) in 1979, as well as its Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) programs. Finally, it discusses ISRO's plans for a crewed orbital spacecraft and maiden
Chandrayaan 2
Chandrayaan 2 mission details. The rocket and it's payloads are explained. Pictures taken by the orbiter are also listed. It also talks about the different experiments that were supposed to be carried by the rover. The reason for the mission failure and future isro projects like Chandrayaan 3 are discussed.
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This document provides an overview of space weather phenomena, their effects on Earth, and how they are forecasted and tracked. It describes various solar events like solar flares and coronal mass ejections that can impact Earth. These events are monitored using instruments in space. Models then use data to predict the speed and arrival of solar material. When events hit Earth, they can cause auroras, radiation storms, and issues for technologies. Continuous research improves understanding and forecasting of space weather, which is important as society increasingly relies on technologies affected by these solar events.
Astrophysics
Stars are formed from the collapse of giant clouds of dust and gas in space. As the cloud collapses due to gravity, it heats up and eventually nuclear fusion begins in its core, forming a new star. Stars exist in different colors and sizes depending on their mass, with more massive stars being hotter, brighter, and having shorter lifespans than less massive stars. Eventually a star runs out of hydrogen fuel for fusion in its core, causing it to expand into a red giant and later die, leaving behind a white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole depending on its original mass.
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Chandrayaan-1 was India's first lunar orbiter mission, launched in 2007-2008. It was designed to conduct high-resolution remote sensing of the lunar surface using visible, infrared, X-ray and gamma ray instruments over a planned 2-year operational life. The orbiter's objectives included producing a 3D topographical map of the moon and studying the distribution of minerals and chemical elements on the lunar surface. Chandrayaan-1 helped advance India's space science capabilities and achieved its mission goals before its operations concluded in 2009.
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1) India successfully launched its first unmanned lunar mission, Chandrayaan-1, in October 2008 using the PSLV rocket to place it in orbit around the moon.
2) Chandrayaan-1 carried 11 instruments from India and other countries to perform remote sensing of the moon and map its surface to help unravel mysteries about the moon's composition and formation.
3) Over a planned two-year mission, Chandrayaan-1 will map the moon's surface in high resolution and investigate the polar regions, which may contain water ice.
A seminar on chandrayaan mission
The document summarizes India's first lunar exploration mission, Chandrayaan-1. It provides details on the mission objectives, payload instruments, key events and accomplishments of the mission. Chandrayaan-1 was launched in 2008 and successfully studied the moon's topography and mineral composition using onboard instruments over its lifetime of 312 days in lunar orbit. The mission helped map the lunar surface and confirmed the presence of water ice and other minerals on the moon. It established India as the fifth nation to place a spacecraft in lunar orbit.
Satellite Applications
Satellite applications can be categorized into four main types: communication satellites, navigation satellites, observation satellites, and weather satellites. Communication satellites allow for radio, television, and telephone transmissions globally. Navigation satellites like GPS use timing signals from satellites to precisely determine location. Observation satellites are used for non-military purposes like environmental monitoring and map making. Weather satellites scan Earth with instruments to form images of cloud cover, temperatures, and weather systems.
Space telescopes
This document provides information on various astronomical tools. It describes different types of telescopes such as refracting telescopes which use lenses and reflecting telescopes which use mirrors. It discusses radio telescopes, space telescopes, and notable space telescopes such as Hubble, Chandra, and Fermi. Space probes, rockets, spaceshuts, rovers, and observatories are also summarized. Important early space missions involving animals and astronauts are mentioned.
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Chandrayaan-2 is India's second lunar mission consisting of an orbiter, lander, and rover. It was launched in July 2019 and successfully placed the orbiter in lunar orbit in August. The mission aims to study the moon's topography, mineral composition, and presence of water ice. In September, the lander Vikram attempted to soft land in the south polar region but lost communication during its final descent. Onboard instruments include terrain mapping cameras, spectrometers, and a synthetic aperture radar on the orbiter as well as seismic and thermal sensors on the lander. The rover Pragyan was to explore the landing site for 14 earth days using laser and alpha particle spectrometers. While the
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Neutrino
Neutrinos are elementary particles that have no electric charge and interact very weakly with matter. There are three types of neutrinos related to electrons, muons, and tau particles. Neutrinos are abundantly produced in nature by the sun, stars, and nuclear reactions. They pass through the body without interacting but can be detected underground using large detectors composed of layers of iron and detectors that observe the curvature of charged particles produced during neutrino interactions, revealing information about the neutrinos' energy. The INO laboratory under construction in India will also study neutrinos.
chandrayan 2.pptx
Chandrayaan-2 was India's second lunar exploration mission, consisting of an orbiter, lander named Vikram, and rover named Pragyan. The mission's objectives were to map the lunar surface and study water distribution. While the orbiter successfully entered lunar orbit, contact was lost with Vikram as it attempted to land on the Moon's south pole region. However, scientists note that most of the mission's scientific goals can still be achieved through the orbiter, as the main objective of studying lunar composition and water was not affected. Though the landing was not successful, ISRO scientists are praised for their efforts and potential to advance India's space capabilities.
Aditya l1
Aditya-L1 is ISRO's second astronomy mission to study the sun. It will be launched into orbit around the Lagrange point L1, approximately 1.5 million km from Earth, to observe the photosphere, chromosphere, and corona of the sun with its seven scientific payloads. Studying the sun is important to understand solar winds, flares, and disturbances that can affect communications on Earth and the orbits and electronics of satellites. Future ISRO missions include exploring the lunar poles in collaboration with Japan and additional satellites in the RISAT series.
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Prezentare in limba engleza realizata de elevii cls. IXG: Seican Luciana, Lancranjan Giorgiana, Vlad Alina
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Colegiul National "Horea, Closca si Crisan " Alba Iulia, Jud. Alba
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A tribute to ISRO and its vision, on the occasion of the successful launch of Chandrayaan-I.
I have tried to chronicle ISRO's journey from humble beginnings as the underfunded space program of an impoverished nation to one of the premier space research organisations of the world.
This particular presentation was created for school children, in order to inspire them to dream big and take pride in their nation's endeavours.
- Rahul M
satellite communication system
Satellite communication systems allow signals to be transmitted and received via satellites orbiting Earth. Key elements include the space segment consisting of satellites and the ground segment of earth stations. Satellites transmit signals in various frequency bands. Applications include internet access, environmental monitoring, disaster management, television and radio broadcasting, broadband internet, and military communications. While satellites provide global coverage, disadvantages include high capital costs and signal propagation delays. Satellite technology is crucial for many areas of modern society and communications.
Mangalyaan
The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called Mangalyaan, is an Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Mars orbiter launched in 2013. It successfully entered Martian orbit in 2014. MOM's objectives are to demonstrate India's deep space capabilities and explore the Martian surface, atmosphere, and exosphere. It carries five scientific payloads including cameras and spectrometers weighing 15 kg total. MOM will search for methane on Mars, which could indicate signs of life. ISRO successfully launched MOM using its PSLV rocket and provides ground support from its control centers.
Chandrayaan II
Chandrayaan-2 is India's second lunar mission, launched on July 22nd 2019 with the aim of improving understanding of the moon through an orbiter, lander and rover. The orbiter will orbit 100km from the moon's surface and carry 8 instruments to analyze the moon's topography and atmosphere. The lander, named Vikram, will deploy the rover Pragyan to conduct surface experiments over a 14 earth day mission. Chandrayaan-2 seeks to further scientific knowledge and advance India's space capabilities.
Satellite
There are two types of satellites: natural and artificial. Natural satellites like the Moon orbit planets, while artificial satellites are human-made objects placed into orbit, like Sputnik 1. There are different types of artificial satellites depending on their orbit, such as geostationary satellites that orbit over the equator at a fixed position, and polar satellites that orbit from pole to pole. The escape velocity of a satellite is the minimum speed needed to escape the gravitational pull of the object it orbits, and varies based on location in the solar system. Kepler's laws describe satellite motion, such as elliptical orbits with the orbited body at one focus.
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- The development of models of the solar system from ancient Greece to modern understanding.
- Descriptions of the inner planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, including their atmospheres, temperatures, and exploration by spacecraft.
- Descriptions of the outer planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, including their compositions, atmospheres, rings and moons.
The document explains how scientists believe the solar system formed from a nebula of gas and dust, and how the planets formed from the accretion of matter in the early solar system.
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Astrophysics
Stars are formed from the collapse of giant clouds of dust and gas in space. As the cloud collapses due to gravity, it heats up and eventually nuclear fusion begins in its core, forming a new star. Stars exist in different colors and sizes depending on their mass, with more massive stars being hotter, brighter, and having shorter lifespans than less massive stars. Eventually a star runs out of hydrogen fuel for fusion in its core, causing it to expand into a red giant and later die, leaving behind a white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole depending on its original mass.
Chandrayan final
Chandrayaan-1 was India's first lunar orbiter mission, launched in 2007-2008. It was designed to conduct high-resolution remote sensing of the lunar surface using visible, infrared, X-ray and gamma ray instruments over a planned 2-year operational life. The orbiter's objectives included producing a 3D topographical map of the moon and studying the distribution of minerals and chemical elements on the lunar surface. Chandrayaan-1 helped advance India's space science capabilities and achieved its mission goals before its operations concluded in 2009.
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ISRO
1) India successfully launched its first unmanned lunar mission, Chandrayaan-1, in October 2008 using the PSLV rocket to place it in orbit around the moon.
2) Chandrayaan-1 carried 11 instruments from India and other countries to perform remote sensing of the moon and map its surface to help unravel mysteries about the moon's composition and formation.
3) Over a planned two-year mission, Chandrayaan-1 will map the moon's surface in high resolution and investigate the polar regions, which may contain water ice.
A seminar on chandrayaan mission
The document summarizes India's first lunar exploration mission, Chandrayaan-1. It provides details on the mission objectives, payload instruments, key events and accomplishments of the mission. Chandrayaan-1 was launched in 2008 and successfully studied the moon's topography and mineral composition using onboard instruments over its lifetime of 312 days in lunar orbit. The mission helped map the lunar surface and confirmed the presence of water ice and other minerals on the moon. It established India as the fifth nation to place a spacecraft in lunar orbit.
Satellite Applications
Satellite applications can be categorized into four main types: communication satellites, navigation satellites, observation satellites, and weather satellites. Communication satellites allow for radio, television, and telephone transmissions globally. Navigation satellites like GPS use timing signals from satellites to precisely determine location. Observation satellites are used for non-military purposes like environmental monitoring and map making. Weather satellites scan Earth with instruments to form images of cloud cover, temperatures, and weather systems.
Space telescopes
This document provides information on various astronomical tools. It describes different types of telescopes such as refracting telescopes which use lenses and reflecting telescopes which use mirrors. It discusses radio telescopes, space telescopes, and notable space telescopes such as Hubble, Chandra, and Fermi. Space probes, rockets, spaceshuts, rovers, and observatories are also summarized. Important early space missions involving animals and astronauts are mentioned.
MANGALYAAN
Vishal Kumar Singh is a student in the Electrical Engineering department at Future Institute of Engineering & Management. The document discusses India's Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also known as Mangalyaan, which was launched in November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation. MOM's objectives are to study the Martian surface, atmosphere, and explore the exosphere. It carries five scientific payloads including cameras, spectrometers, and sensors to analyze Mars' terrain, mineral composition, atmospheric gases like methane, and neutral atmospheric components. MOM was launched using the PSLV-XL rocket and performed orbital maneuvers to reach Mars, where it will study the planet upon entering orbit in September 2014.
Chandryaan 2
Chandrayaan-2 is India's second lunar mission consisting of an orbiter, lander, and rover. It was launched in July 2019 and successfully placed the orbiter in lunar orbit in August. The mission aims to study the moon's topography, mineral composition, and presence of water ice. In September, the lander Vikram attempted to soft land in the south polar region but lost communication during its final descent. Onboard instruments include terrain mapping cameras, spectrometers, and a synthetic aperture radar on the orbiter as well as seismic and thermal sensors on the lander. The rover Pragyan was to explore the landing site for 14 earth days using laser and alpha particle spectrometers. While the
Chandrayaan 2
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Satellites
Satellites have evolved significantly since Sputnik was launched in 1957. Early satellites were simple devices that gathered basic data and demonstrated orbital technology, while modern satellites can cost over $1 billion and provide advanced capabilities like global communications, weather monitoring, and GPS. However, the growth of space debris is a emerging environmental issue as defunct satellites and fragments threaten future space exploration due to collisions.
Neutrino
Neutrinos are elementary particles that have no electric charge and interact very weakly with matter. There are three types of neutrinos related to electrons, muons, and tau particles. Neutrinos are abundantly produced in nature by the sun, stars, and nuclear reactions. They pass through the body without interacting but can be detected underground using large detectors composed of layers of iron and detectors that observe the curvature of charged particles produced during neutrino interactions, revealing information about the neutrinos' energy. The INO laboratory under construction in India will also study neutrinos.
chandrayan 2.pptx
Chandrayaan-2 was India's second lunar exploration mission, consisting of an orbiter, lander named Vikram, and rover named Pragyan. The mission's objectives were to map the lunar surface and study water distribution. While the orbiter successfully entered lunar orbit, contact was lost with Vikram as it attempted to land on the Moon's south pole region. However, scientists note that most of the mission's scientific goals can still be achieved through the orbiter, as the main objective of studying lunar composition and water was not affected. Though the landing was not successful, ISRO scientists are praised for their efforts and potential to advance India's space capabilities.
Aditya l1
Aditya-L1 is ISRO's second astronomy mission to study the sun. It will be launched into orbit around the Lagrange point L1, approximately 1.5 million km from Earth, to observe the photosphere, chromosphere, and corona of the sun with its seven scientific payloads. Studying the sun is important to understand solar winds, flares, and disturbances that can affect communications on Earth and the orbits and electronics of satellites. Future ISRO missions include exploring the lunar poles in collaboration with Japan and additional satellites in the RISAT series.
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
Prezentare in limba engleza realizata de elevii cls. IXG: Seican Luciana, Lancranjan Giorgiana, Vlad Alina
Prezentare multimedia realizata in cadrul Concursului Stiintific National de Astronomie- editia 2015 "Nicolaus Copernic"
Colegiul National "Horea, Closca si Crisan " Alba Iulia, Jud. Alba
India's Mission Moon : Chandrayaan - I
A tribute to ISRO and its vision, on the occasion of the successful launch of Chandrayaan-I.
I have tried to chronicle ISRO's journey from humble beginnings as the underfunded space program of an impoverished nation to one of the premier space research organisations of the world.
This particular presentation was created for school children, in order to inspire them to dream big and take pride in their nation's endeavours.
- Rahul M
satellite communication system
Satellite communication systems allow signals to be transmitted and received via satellites orbiting Earth. Key elements include the space segment consisting of satellites and the ground segment of earth stations. Satellites transmit signals in various frequency bands. Applications include internet access, environmental monitoring, disaster management, television and radio broadcasting, broadband internet, and military communications. While satellites provide global coverage, disadvantages include high capital costs and signal propagation delays. Satellite technology is crucial for many areas of modern society and communications.
Mangalyaan
The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called Mangalyaan, is an Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Mars orbiter launched in 2013. It successfully entered Martian orbit in 2014. MOM's objectives are to demonstrate India's deep space capabilities and explore the Martian surface, atmosphere, and exosphere. It carries five scientific payloads including cameras and spectrometers weighing 15 kg total. MOM will search for methane on Mars, which could indicate signs of life. ISRO successfully launched MOM using its PSLV rocket and provides ground support from its control centers.
Chandrayaan II
Chandrayaan-2 is India's second lunar mission, launched on July 22nd 2019 with the aim of improving understanding of the moon through an orbiter, lander and rover. The orbiter will orbit 100km from the moon's surface and carry 8 instruments to analyze the moon's topography and atmosphere. The lander, named Vikram, will deploy the rover Pragyan to conduct surface experiments over a 14 earth day mission. Chandrayaan-2 seeks to further scientific knowledge and advance India's space capabilities.
Satellite
There are two types of satellites: natural and artificial. Natural satellites like the Moon orbit planets, while artificial satellites are human-made objects placed into orbit, like Sputnik 1. There are different types of artificial satellites depending on their orbit, such as geostationary satellites that orbit over the equator at a fixed position, and polar satellites that orbit from pole to pole. The escape velocity of a satellite is the minimum speed needed to escape the gravitational pull of the object it orbits, and varies based on location in the solar system. Kepler's laws describe satellite motion, such as elliptical orbits with the orbited body at one focus.
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29sept03 notes
This document discusses different types of spacecraft and space missions used to explore the solar system. It describes flyby missions like Voyager that pass by planets to study them without entering orbit. Orbiter spacecraft like Galileo are designed to enter a planet's orbit to study it up close for an extended period. Atmospheric probes and landers allow studying a planet's surface and atmosphere. Future technologies like ion propulsion could enable slower but more fuel efficient missions. Successfully exploring the solar system requires careful planning of spacecraft design, trajectories, and within budget constraints that can exceed $100 million per mission.
The solar wind2.pptx
The solar wind is composed of charged particles released from the sun's corona that are accelerated along the sun's magnetic field lines. The solar wind consists mainly of electrons and protons but also contains some heavier ions. It travels through the solar system at speeds from 150-750 km/s. The solar wind interacts with Earth's magnetic field, protecting us from some cosmic rays but also posing risks during geomagnetic storms caused by coronal mass ejections. Spacecraft such as DSCOVR and SOHO monitor the solar wind and its effects.
Planets
The universe contains millions of galaxies, including the Milky Way galaxy that contains our solar system. Our solar system is centered around the sun, which is made up of hot gases. It contains layers including the photosphere and chromosphere. The solar system also contains 8 planets that can be divided into terrestrial and gas planets. The terrestrial planets are closer to the sun and include Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars while the gas planets farther out include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. The solar system also contains asteroids, meteors, comets, and other minor members.
Voyager - World's The Greatest Space Mission
The twin Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft are exploring where nothing from Earth has flown before. Continuing on their more-than-40-year journey since their 1977 launches, they each are much farther away from Earth and the sun than Pluto. In August 2012, Voyager 1 made the historic entry into interstellar space, the region between stars, filled with material ejected by the death of nearby stars millions of years ago. Voyager 2 entered interstellar space on November 5, 2018 and scientists hope to learn more about this region. Both spacecraft are still sending scientific information about their surroundings through the Deep Space Network, or DSN.
The primary mission was the exploration of Jupiter and Saturn. After making a string of discoveries there — such as active volcanoes on Jupiter's moon Io and intricacies of Saturn's rings — the mission was extended. Voyager 2 went on to explore Uranus and Neptune, and is still the only spacecraft to have visited those outer planets. The adventurers' current mission, the Voyager Interstellar Mission (VIM), will explore the outermost edge of the Sun's domain. And beyond.
Out Of This World
The document provides facts about the planets in our solar system. It includes details about each planet's diameter, temperature, number of moons, distance from the sun, length of year, and more. Sections are devoted to each planet - Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto - and provide 3 or fewer sentences summarizing key details about each celestial body.
Physiscs test!
The document provides an overview of key concepts in physics and astronomy. It defines important terms like planets, satellites, phases and eclipses. It describes the structure of the solar system including terrestrial and gas giant planets. It explains theories of how the solar system formed and evolved over time from the geocentric to heliocentric models. It also summarizes characteristics of objects in our solar system like planets, moons, asteroids and comets.
C. the solar system
The Solar System formed from a large rotating cloud of gas and dust called a solar nebula. As the nebula condensed due to gravity, a central mass became the Sun and the remaining material formed rings that eventually became the planets. The Sun consists of an inner core where nuclear fusion occurs and surrounding layers including the photosphere, chromosphere, and corona. The eight major planets can be divided into terrestrial and Jovian planets. Smaller bodies like asteroids and comets also orbit the Sun.
Galaxies
Galaxies are large groups of stars, dust and gas. Edwin Hubble classified galaxies as spiral or elliptical. Spiral galaxies have a central bulge and spiral arms made of gas, dust and new stars. The universe began in a tremendous explosion 13.7 billion years ago (Big Bang Theory) and has been expanding ever since. As it expands, stars will age and die, leaving the universe cold and dark.
11
The document discusses two spacecraft, SOHO and STEREO, that have been used to observe the sun. SOHO was launched in 1995 with a design lifetime of 2 years but remains operational today. It carries several instruments to study the solar interior, corona, and solar wind. SOHO orbits the L1 Lagrange point in a halo orbit. STEREO was launched in 2006 with two spacecraft to observe the sun from the sides. Other solar observing spacecraft mentioned include ACE, SDO, Solar Orbiter, DSCOVR, and Parker Solar Probe.
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- 1. PRESENTED BY:- NARASINGH NAYAK PG 2ND YEAR ROLL NO. :-PGPHY22-010 1
- 2. About Aditya-L1 Mission Objectives Payloads Used In Aditya-L1 Launch Vehicle Conclusion References 2
- 3. Aditya-L1 is the first space based Indian solar mission to study the Sun. The spacecraft shall be placed in a halo orbit around the Lagrange point L1. Aditya-L1 study the 3 outer most layer of the Sun:- 1.Photosphere 2.Chromosphere 3.Corona 3
- 4. 1.Photosphere:- It is called the surface of the Sun but in reality, the Sun does’t have surface like the Earth surface. 2.Chromosphere:- Chromosphere present after Photosphere layer. 3.Corona:- Corona is the outer most layer of the Sun like Atmosphere present in the Earth. 4
- 5. OBJECTIVE Understanding the Coronal Heating and Solar Wind Acceleration. Understanding initiation of Coronal Mass Ejection(CME),flares and near-earth space weather. To understand coupling and dynamics of the solar atmosphere. To understand solar wind distribution and temperature anisotropy. 5
- 6. • Thespacecraftcarries7scientific payloadsforsystematicstudy oftheSun. 1.Visible emission line coronagraph (VELC) 2.Solar ultra-violet imaging telescope (SUIT) 3.Solar low energy x-ray spectrometer (SOLEXS) 4.Highenergyl1orbitingx-rayspectrometer(HEL1OS) 5.Adityasolarwind particleexperiment(ASPEX) 6.Plasma Analyser packageforAditya (PAPA) 7.Magnetometer(MAG) 6
- 7. PAYLOADS IMAGE OF ADITYA-L1 7
- 8. PSLV-C57 launch vehicle used to launch Aditya-L1. Vehicle height:-44.40m. Lift off mass -321t. Propellant use:-The PSLV uses a combination of solid and liquid propellants in its various stage. 1. Core stage(Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine as a fuel & Nitrogen Tetroxide (N2O4) as the oxidizer) 2. Second stage(also use UDMH and N2O4) 3.Third stag(Uses a solid propellant motor) 4.Fourth stage(can be use either liquid or solid propellants) 8
- 9. CONCLUSION Adutya-L1 continuous its journey towards the Lagrange point 1. If this mission becomes success, then it will be helpful for Solar Science. it is bright future for Solar Science and a deeper understanding of our Sun’s layer. 9
- 10. • https://www.isro.gov.in • https://www.isro.gov.in/Aditya_L1.html • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISRO 10
- 11. 11