This document discusses integration patterns for microservices and cloud native architectures. It begins by establishing the importance of integration for digital transformation. Common integration challenges with microservices like smart endpoints and dumb pipes are described. The document then outlines various microservices integration patterns like active/reactive composition and anti-corruption layers. It presents WSO2's integration platform as a solution for building microservices integration and discusses related concepts like service meshes. The key takeaway is that a hybrid approach combining various integration patterns in an iterative manner is needed for microservices integration.

1. Director-Integration Architecture,
WSO2
Kasun Indrasiri
Adaptive and Iterative Integration for
Microservices and Cloud Native
Architectures

2. ● Integration and digital transformation
● Role of integration in cloud native architectures
● Microservice integration patterns
● Realizing cloud native and microservices architecture with
WSO2 Integration Platform
Overview

3. Digital
Transformation and
Integration
Integration is possibly the most
important aspect of
digital transformation

4. What is
Cloud Native?
Methodology of building and
running applications that fully
exploits the power of cloud
computing

5. Cloud Native
Applications
● Cloud native apps are composed
of microservices or serverless
functions
● Packaged in containers
● Runs on a Continuous Delivery
model
● Adaptive governance

6. Rise of Cloud Native
Applications

7. Integrating
Microservices and
Cloud Native Apps
Integration is essential to build
any real world use case with
cloud native apps

8. From ESB to Smart
Endpoints and
Dumb Pipes
Microservices architecture
fosters the elimination of a
central ESB and creates
smart endpoints connected
via dumb pipes

9. Virtual
Service 1
● Centralized ESB layer provides the integration and network
communication and governance capabilities
ESB as the Central Integration Bus
Service A
Virtual
Service 2
Virtual
Service 3
Service B Service C Service D
ESB
Consumers

10. ● Microservices code has to take care of all network
communication and governance of services
Smart Endpoints and Dumb Pipes
Microservice
X
Microservice
P
Microservice
Y
Microservice
z
Microservice
Q
Microservice
R
Microservice
S
Java
Consumers
Node.js Go

11. Source : https://medium.com/netflix-techblog/
Engineering-trade-offs-and-the-netflix-api-re-
architecture-64f122b277dd
Integrating Microservices - Anti-Patterns
● API gateway with business
logic
○ E.g. Previous architecture of
Netflix API Gateway
● Integrate microservice with a
central ESB

12. How to Integrate
Microservices

13. Active Composition/Orchestration Pattern
Synchronous/request-response communication
Consumer 1
API Service P API Service Q API Service R API Service S
Consumers
Consumer 2 Consumer 3
μ Service A
Proprietary &
Legacy
Systems
Web API /
SaaS
API Services/
Edge Services
Composite Service/
Integration Services
Core Services/
Atomic Services
μ Service I
μ Service H
μ Service J
μ Service E
μ Service C
μ Service D
μ Service G
μ Service B
μ Service F

14. Reactive Composition/Choreography Pattern
μ Service A μ Service B μ Service C
Event Bus
Application
Asynchronous event-driven communication
Produce Consume
Produce Consume
Produce Consume
Produce Consume

15. Active
or
Reactive?
● Active Composition
○ Ideal for interactive services
○ Service are NOT autonomous
● Reactive Composition
○ Ideal for asynchronous
interactions
○ Composition logic is opaque

16. Hybrid of Active and Reactive Composition
Consumer 1
API Service P API Service Q API Service R API Service S
Consumers
Consumer 2 Consumer 3
μ Service A
Event Bus
Proprietary &
Legacy
Systems
Web API /
SaaS
API Services/
Edge Services
Composite Service/
Integration Services
Core Services/
Atomic Services
μ Service I
μ Service H
μ Service J
μ Service E
μ Service C
μ Service D
μ Service G
μ Service B

17. No ‘Green Field’
Enterprises!

18. Isolate the legacy and modern systems by placing an anti-
corruption layer between them
Anti-Corruption Layer Pattern
Data
Store
Data
Store
Data
Store
Data
Store
Microservice
Data
Store
Subsystem B
Anti-
Corruption
LayerMicroservice
Microservice
Subsystem A

19. ● Incrementally replace specific pieces of functionality with new
applications and services
● Create a façade that intercepts requests going to the backend
legacy system
Strangler Pattern
Legacy
Modern
Strangler Façade
Early Migration
Modern
Legacy
Strangler Façade
Later Migration
Modern
Migration Complete

20. Building Microservices Integration with WSO2
Consumer 1
API Service P API Service Q API Service R API Service S
Consumers
Consumer 2 Consumer 3
μ Service A
μ Service B
μ Service F
Event Bus
Proprietary &
Legacy
Systems
Web API /
SaaS
API Services/
Edge Services
Composite Service/
Integration Services
Core Services/
Atomic Services
μ Service I
μ Service H
μ Service J
μ Service E
μ Service C
μ Service D
MicroESB

21. Service Mesh
● Microservices code has to take care of all network
communication and governance of services
● Hence such capabilities can be offloaded to a separate layer
Microservice A
Network Stack
Service Mesh
Sidecar
Microservice B
Network Stack
Service Mesh
Sidecar
Control Plane
HTTP1.x.HTTP2.gRPC,TCP
Application Network
Functions
Business
Logic
Primitive
Network
Functions Data Plane

22. Service Mesh - Guidelines
● Service Mesh is only meant for commodity features
○ Interservice communication resiliency
○ Governance of services: observability, security, throttling
● Never implement business logic at the service mesh layer!
● Data plane more or less supports synchronous
communication

23. Conclusion
● Cloud native shift is inevitable
● Adaptive and iterative approach is required
● Use a hybrid set of microservices integration patterns

24. Questions?

25. THANK YOU
wso2.com