ASTM International has recently introduced a set of permanent magnet material standards, providing an up to date set of specifications. The set consists of four standards, one each for Alnico, Hard Ferrite, Samarium Cobalt and Neodymium Iron Boron. Proper use of the standards will guarantee a minimum threshold of magnetic performance and, if accounted for in the design, will ensure a magnet or magnetic assembly will function in its application. This presentation will take the reader through the new specifications and how they compare with other historical and worldwide standards.
Power Point de introducción a la Informática, realizado dentro del plan de formación a los alumnos de la Casa de Oficios "Ciutat del Coneixement" de Barcelona Activa.
Este documento presenta datos generales de tres instituciones de salud: la Red de Salud Pacífico Sur, el Centro Médico Yugoslavo y el Hospital de Apoyo San Ignacio en Casma. Describe la misión, visión, ubicación y organigrama de cada institución. Además, incluye una breve reseña histórica del Centro Médico Yugoslavo.
El documento describe los componentes clave de un centro de computo, incluyendo su definición, características, objetivos, organización y elementos. Explica que un centro de computo administra, asegura y controla la información a través de recursos de computo. También describe que un centro de computo tiene la misión de prestar servicios a diferentes áreas de una organización a través de hardware y software.
El primer virus informático atacó una máquina IBM Serie 360 en 1972, llamado Creeper. El primer antivirus, Reaper, fue creado en 1973 para eliminar al virus Creeper. Los antivirus se utilizan para proteger dispositivos de malware como virus, gusanos y troyanos mediante la prevención, detección y eliminación de estas amenazas.
This document provides information on low ohm power resistors made by HTR India. It describes the physical and electrical characteristics including:
- Open frame electron beam welded resistors that can dissipate up to 10W at 70C and 5W at 100C.
- Applications include current sensors, automotive uses, and power modules.
- Features include high current capability, sturdy connectors, and solder temperature up to 350C.
- Electrical specifications include resistance tolerance of 1%, temperature range of -55C to 170C, and power derating curves.
This document describes various electrical products manufactured by Orange Cables including indoor cables, unarmoured power cables, switchgear cables, data cables, auto cables, coaxial cables, circuit breakers, residual current circuit breakers, industrial switchgears, socket outlets, LED and CFL lighting, and industrial panel boards. The key materials used include flame retardant polycarbonate and nylon, high grade brass, phosphor bronze, and high quality silver alloy. Products meet various international standards.
This document provides information on silicone coated wire wound resistors of the HFP series. Key details include:
- The resistors have a flame retardant silicone coating and alloy resistance wire wound on a fiberglass or ceramic core.
- They are available in power ratings from 2.5W to 8W and resistance ranges from 10 ohms to 56K ohms.
- Various terminal styles can be selected including plug-in, surface mount, or through-hole options.
- The resistors are suitable for wave soldering and meet UL flame retardancy standards. They have a temperature range of -55°C to +350°C.
This document provides an overview of common damage mechanisms and materials used in the refining industry presented by Charlie Buscemi. It discusses API 571 which describes damage mechanisms and references other standards. It then summarizes various alloys used in refineries including carbon steels, stainless steels, and specialty alloys. Various mechanical and corrosion-based damage mechanisms are described that can affect fixed equipment, such as spheroidization, embrittlement, creep, fatigue, and corrosion. Inspection techniques for identifying damage are also outlined.
Power Point de introducción a la Informática, realizado dentro del plan de formación a los alumnos de la Casa de Oficios "Ciutat del Coneixement" de Barcelona Activa.
Este documento presenta datos generales de tres instituciones de salud: la Red de Salud Pacífico Sur, el Centro Médico Yugoslavo y el Hospital de Apoyo San Ignacio en Casma. Describe la misión, visión, ubicación y organigrama de cada institución. Además, incluye una breve reseña histórica del Centro Médico Yugoslavo.
El documento describe los componentes clave de un centro de computo, incluyendo su definición, características, objetivos, organización y elementos. Explica que un centro de computo administra, asegura y controla la información a través de recursos de computo. También describe que un centro de computo tiene la misión de prestar servicios a diferentes áreas de una organización a través de hardware y software.
El primer virus informático atacó una máquina IBM Serie 360 en 1972, llamado Creeper. El primer antivirus, Reaper, fue creado en 1973 para eliminar al virus Creeper. Los antivirus se utilizan para proteger dispositivos de malware como virus, gusanos y troyanos mediante la prevención, detección y eliminación de estas amenazas.
This document provides information on low ohm power resistors made by HTR India. It describes the physical and electrical characteristics including:
- Open frame electron beam welded resistors that can dissipate up to 10W at 70C and 5W at 100C.
- Applications include current sensors, automotive uses, and power modules.
- Features include high current capability, sturdy connectors, and solder temperature up to 350C.
- Electrical specifications include resistance tolerance of 1%, temperature range of -55C to 170C, and power derating curves.
This document describes various electrical products manufactured by Orange Cables including indoor cables, unarmoured power cables, switchgear cables, data cables, auto cables, coaxial cables, circuit breakers, residual current circuit breakers, industrial switchgears, socket outlets, LED and CFL lighting, and industrial panel boards. The key materials used include flame retardant polycarbonate and nylon, high grade brass, phosphor bronze, and high quality silver alloy. Products meet various international standards.
This document provides information on silicone coated wire wound resistors of the HFP series. Key details include:
- The resistors have a flame retardant silicone coating and alloy resistance wire wound on a fiberglass or ceramic core.
- They are available in power ratings from 2.5W to 8W and resistance ranges from 10 ohms to 56K ohms.
- Various terminal styles can be selected including plug-in, surface mount, or through-hole options.
- The resistors are suitable for wave soldering and meet UL flame retardancy standards. They have a temperature range of -55°C to +350°C.
This document provides an overview of common damage mechanisms and materials used in the refining industry presented by Charlie Buscemi. It discusses API 571 which describes damage mechanisms and references other standards. It then summarizes various alloys used in refineries including carbon steels, stainless steels, and specialty alloys. Various mechanical and corrosion-based damage mechanisms are described that can affect fixed equipment, such as spheroidization, embrittlement, creep, fatigue, and corrosion. Inspection techniques for identifying damage are also outlined.
At Western Heat and Forge (WHF) we are all about solving Customer’s problems with innovative solutions like creating a machined components supermarket of over 200 components for a tier 1 OE supplier; creating customized supply-around and consignment inventory programs, and entering into long term supply contracts with annual cost reductions. We consistently meet and exceed customer requirements of On-time delivery and Quality.
• We are the 1st company in the world to get API 20B and 6th in the world to get API 20C certification for Open and Closed Die Forgings upto PSL 4. Material grades include all steels including duplex and super duplex stainless steels, F-22, 17-4PH, F6NM and Inconel.
• We provide Services (Forging, Heat Treatment, Machining, Coating, Cladding, Lab) and Solutions (for eg. supply hydrostatically tested machined components, welded assemblies) as required by customers.
Western Heat and Forge is an ISO 9001, ISO 14001, OHSAS 18000, ISO/TS 16949, PED certified, global supplier with 3 manufacturing plants located in Pune, India.
Western Heat & Forge is an integrated forging and machining facility established in 1988 in India. It has over 400 employees and manufactures heat treated, machined forgings and coated components up to 18,000 tons annually via closed and open die forging. The company serves industries such as oil/gas, mining, automotive and has various certifications. It provides customized forging, heat treatment, machining and coating services to customers.
This document discusses welding transformers and magnetic cores produced by ELESA TRANSFORMADORES. It provides details on their AC and DC welding transformers for both manual and robot guns used in various welding applications. It also describes their magnetic wound cores made of FeSi and amorphous/nanocrystalline cores, listing their characteristics, applications, and manufacturing processes. The company produces over 2,000 transformers and close to 1,000 tons of magnetic steel annually. Quality is a key focus, with products tested and certified to meet industry and customer standards.
KEMET Webinar - KEMET Electrolytic ALC70 and ALC80 seriesIvana Ivanovska
Learn about KEMET'S new Snap-In Electrolytic Capacitor series with increased CV values. KEMET High CV snap-in capacitors offer high performance and reliability in a wide range of case sizes and voltage ratings, featuring high ripple currents and long-life performance. Volumetric efficiency ensures the maximum capacitance capability in a smaller size.
This document summarizes the specifications and characteristics of HHE series low ohm power resistors from HTR-India. Key details include:
- Power ratings from 4W to 10W depending on resistance value and operating temperature
- Applications in power tools, automotive equipment, frequency converters, and power modules
- Resistance range from 0.003 ohms to 2 ohms with tolerances from ±0.25% to ±5%
- Operating temperature range of -55°C to +170°C with derating curves provided
- Electrical and environmental testing qualifications including temperature cycling, humidity, vibration, and power cycling
Reformer Tube design principles
- Larsen Miller Plot
- Larsen Miller & Tube Design
- Design Margins - Stress Data Used
- Max Allowable & Design Temperature
- Tube Life
- Effect of Temperature on Life
- Material Types
HK40: 25 Cr / 20 Ni
HP Modified: 25 Cr / 35 Ni + Nb
Microalloy: 25 Cr / 35 Ni + Nb + Ti
- Alloy Developments
- Comparison of Alloys
Manufacturing Technology
- Welds
Failure mechanisms
- Failure Mechanisms - Creep
- Creep Propagation
- Common Failure Modes
- Uncommon Failure Modes
- Failure by Creep
- Creep Rupture - Cross Section
- Failure at Weld
Actions to Take if Tube Fails
- Pigtail Nipping
Inspection techniques
Classification of Problems
- Visual Examination
- Girth Measurement
- Ultrasonic Attenuation
- Radiography
Eddy Current Measurement
LOTIS Tube Inspection
LOTIS Compared to External Inspection
This webinar provided an overview of the installation process for NRG Systems' new 80-meter XHD tower. It reviewed critical installation steps, differences between the 60-meter and 80-meter designs, and compliance requirements. Key points included that the 80-meter tower requires more robust anchoring including pull testing anchors to 15,000 pounds of force. It also requires careful assembly of the ginpole and tensioning of jumper struts to 1,000 pounds. The webinar aimed to underscore safety and the importance of thoroughly reviewing the installation manual.
This document provides information on HHE series low ohm power resistors from HTR-India. It describes the physical and electrical specifications including power ratings from 5W to 10W, resistance values from 0.003 ohms to 0.2 ohms, operating temperature range from -55°C to 170°C, and tolerances from ±0.25% to ±5%. It also provides guidelines on mounting, soldering, and packaging for bulk orders of 1500 pieces per box.
This document provides information on HHE series low ohm power resistors from HTR-India. It describes the physical and electrical specifications including power ratings from 5W to 10W, resistance values from 0.003 ohms to 0.2 ohms, operating temperature range from -55°C to 170°C, and tolerances from ±0.25% to ±5%. It also provides guidelines on mounting, soldering profiles, and packaging for bulk shipment.
This document provides information on low ohm power resistors made by HTR India. It describes the physical and electrical characteristics including power ratings at different temperatures, resistance tolerance, temperature range, derating curves and environmental test results. It also includes dimensional drawings, recommended layout, packaging, ordering information and typical graphs of temperature dependence and pulse energy.
This document provides information on low ohm power resistors made by HTR-India, including:
- Power ratings from 2W to 10W at temperatures from 70C to 100C
- Applications in current sensors, power modules, and automotive equipment
- Features like high current capacity, sturdy connectors, and solder temperature up to 350C
- Electrical and environmental specifications including resistance tolerance, temperature range, voltage rating, and test results for temperature cycling, humidity, and vibration.
This document provides information on low ohm power resistors made by HTR-India, including:
- Power ratings from 2W to 10W at temperatures from 70C to 100C
- Applications in current sensors, power modules, and automotive equipment
- Features like high current capacity, sturdy connectors, and solder temperature up to 350C
- Electrical and environmental specifications including resistance tolerance, temperature range, voltage rating, and test results for temperature cycling, humidity, and vibration.
This document provides information about a seminar hosted by the American Galvanizers Association (AGA) on hot-dip galvanized steel. The seminar aims to educate architects, engineers, and specifiers about using hot-dip galvanized steel to address corrosion issues. It covers topics like the corrosion problem in North America, how galvanized steel provides barrier and cathodic protection against corrosion, the hot-dip galvanizing process, common galvanized coating specifications, and how galvanized steel can lower life-cycle costs compared to painted steel.
The document announces a seminar hosted by the American Galvanizers Association to educate architects, engineers, and specifiers about hot-dip galvanized steel and how it provides effective corrosion protection. The seminar will cover corrosion issues in the US, how galvanizing protects steel from corrosion, and how to incorporate corrosion protection into design to lower lifetime maintenance costs. Attendees can earn continuing education credits for attending the seminar.
This document proposes a simplified Varestraint test for analyzing the weldability of nickel superalloys. Key points:
1) A Varestraint testing machine was designed and built in-house to apply controlled strains of 1-8% during welding.
2) Parameters like welding speed, current and strain rate were optimized through experiments on alloy 718.
3) Evaluation methods like optical microscopy and thermography were compared to accurately measure cracking.
4) A reduced Varestraint test using 10-12 samples is proposed to assess weldability while minimizing errors. This method needs further validation on different materials and processes.
Autogenous laser welding of the AA6082-T651 aluminium alloy was investigated with 3 lasers, namely a pulsed laser of 300W, a disk laser of 4kW and a laser marker of 70W. First, the hot cracking susceptibility was studied with two conventional laser welding equipment, without using filler material or heat treatment. Additionally, an attempt was made to weld with a laser marking equipment. Most of the welds made were laser seam welds but, some continuous and laser spot welds were also tested. As each laser was operated with different parameters, more than 400 welds were obtained with a wide range of parameters. Selected welds were studied with visual inspection, dye penetrant inspection (DPI), optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Results indicated that welds with pulse laser beam tend to develop hot cracking, due to the segregation of silicon-rich low melting point eutectics to the grain boundaries and the development of contraction stresses during solidification. On the other hand, positive results were found with continuous welding since this process results in much longer solidification times and lower stresses. Finally, promising results were obtained with the laser marking machine, which produced high aspect ratio laser seam welds without hot cracking and a penetration of 1 mm using 99.9% of overlap factor. These welds were crack free due to their small weld pool, avoiding segregation effects, and to the heat build-up of successive spots, what had similar effect to solidification in continuous welding.
Solving Problems with Reliability in the Lead-Free EraCheryl Tulkoff
This presentation provides a focused but comprehensive discussion on potential reliability issues that can arise within Pb-free processes. Areas of potential high risk are examined. For each reliability concern, a brief description is provided, followed by the current state of industry knowledge and an opportunity for risk mitigation based upon the product design, materials, complexity, volumes, and customer expectations of reliability. A final summary provides the attendees a roadmap for ensuring the reliability of Pb-free product.
This document summarizes several automotive trends related to multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs). It discusses the trend of downsizing MLCCs to smaller case sizes. As an example, it examines low voltage applications for electric vehicles. It also covers ESD, flex termination designs for Volkswagen/Audi applications, and KC-LINK capacitor solutions. The document provides details on various MLCC products and evaluation criteria important for automotive applications like capacitance, voltage rating, ripple current, and thermal properties.
Laser cladding applications for valve manufacturingLambrecht Jan
APPLICATIONS FOR STELLITE CASINGS, NICKEL-BASED LINERS AND CARBIDE ACTUATOR STEMS
Material performance is essential for the engineering and manufacturing of industrial valves to increase service conditions in demanding environments like off-shore, oil and gas, mining, dredging and process industries.
Weld-overlay and hard-facing are commonly used for Stellite reinforcements or nickel-based liners like Inconel or Hastelloy.
LCV offers enhanced laser cladding solutions which set a new standard in terms of performance and cost.
As a valve manufacturer, laser cladding offers you increased wear resistance, more efficient material application and reduced cost of the weld-lay-up due to LCV’s proprietary FastCLAD technology.
At Western Heat and Forge (WHF) we are all about solving Customer’s problems with innovative solutions like creating a machined components supermarket of over 200 components for a tier 1 OE supplier; creating customized supply-around and consignment inventory programs, and entering into long term supply contracts with annual cost reductions. We consistently meet and exceed customer requirements of On-time delivery and Quality.
• We are the 1st company in the world to get API 20B and 6th in the world to get API 20C certification for Open and Closed Die Forgings upto PSL 4. Material grades include all steels including duplex and super duplex stainless steels, F-22, 17-4PH, F6NM and Inconel.
• We provide Services (Forging, Heat Treatment, Machining, Coating, Cladding, Lab) and Solutions (for eg. supply hydrostatically tested machined components, welded assemblies) as required by customers.
Western Heat and Forge is an ISO 9001, ISO 14001, OHSAS 18000, ISO/TS 16949, PED certified, global supplier with 3 manufacturing plants located in Pune, India.
Western Heat & Forge is an integrated forging and machining facility established in 1988 in India. It has over 400 employees and manufactures heat treated, machined forgings and coated components up to 18,000 tons annually via closed and open die forging. The company serves industries such as oil/gas, mining, automotive and has various certifications. It provides customized forging, heat treatment, machining and coating services to customers.
This document discusses welding transformers and magnetic cores produced by ELESA TRANSFORMADORES. It provides details on their AC and DC welding transformers for both manual and robot guns used in various welding applications. It also describes their magnetic wound cores made of FeSi and amorphous/nanocrystalline cores, listing their characteristics, applications, and manufacturing processes. The company produces over 2,000 transformers and close to 1,000 tons of magnetic steel annually. Quality is a key focus, with products tested and certified to meet industry and customer standards.
KEMET Webinar - KEMET Electrolytic ALC70 and ALC80 seriesIvana Ivanovska
Learn about KEMET'S new Snap-In Electrolytic Capacitor series with increased CV values. KEMET High CV snap-in capacitors offer high performance and reliability in a wide range of case sizes and voltage ratings, featuring high ripple currents and long-life performance. Volumetric efficiency ensures the maximum capacitance capability in a smaller size.
This document summarizes the specifications and characteristics of HHE series low ohm power resistors from HTR-India. Key details include:
- Power ratings from 4W to 10W depending on resistance value and operating temperature
- Applications in power tools, automotive equipment, frequency converters, and power modules
- Resistance range from 0.003 ohms to 2 ohms with tolerances from ±0.25% to ±5%
- Operating temperature range of -55°C to +170°C with derating curves provided
- Electrical and environmental testing qualifications including temperature cycling, humidity, vibration, and power cycling
Reformer Tube design principles
- Larsen Miller Plot
- Larsen Miller & Tube Design
- Design Margins - Stress Data Used
- Max Allowable & Design Temperature
- Tube Life
- Effect of Temperature on Life
- Material Types
HK40: 25 Cr / 20 Ni
HP Modified: 25 Cr / 35 Ni + Nb
Microalloy: 25 Cr / 35 Ni + Nb + Ti
- Alloy Developments
- Comparison of Alloys
Manufacturing Technology
- Welds
Failure mechanisms
- Failure Mechanisms - Creep
- Creep Propagation
- Common Failure Modes
- Uncommon Failure Modes
- Failure by Creep
- Creep Rupture - Cross Section
- Failure at Weld
Actions to Take if Tube Fails
- Pigtail Nipping
Inspection techniques
Classification of Problems
- Visual Examination
- Girth Measurement
- Ultrasonic Attenuation
- Radiography
Eddy Current Measurement
LOTIS Tube Inspection
LOTIS Compared to External Inspection
This webinar provided an overview of the installation process for NRG Systems' new 80-meter XHD tower. It reviewed critical installation steps, differences between the 60-meter and 80-meter designs, and compliance requirements. Key points included that the 80-meter tower requires more robust anchoring including pull testing anchors to 15,000 pounds of force. It also requires careful assembly of the ginpole and tensioning of jumper struts to 1,000 pounds. The webinar aimed to underscore safety and the importance of thoroughly reviewing the installation manual.
This document provides information on HHE series low ohm power resistors from HTR-India. It describes the physical and electrical specifications including power ratings from 5W to 10W, resistance values from 0.003 ohms to 0.2 ohms, operating temperature range from -55°C to 170°C, and tolerances from ±0.25% to ±5%. It also provides guidelines on mounting, soldering, and packaging for bulk orders of 1500 pieces per box.
This document provides information on HHE series low ohm power resistors from HTR-India. It describes the physical and electrical specifications including power ratings from 5W to 10W, resistance values from 0.003 ohms to 0.2 ohms, operating temperature range from -55°C to 170°C, and tolerances from ±0.25% to ±5%. It also provides guidelines on mounting, soldering profiles, and packaging for bulk shipment.
This document provides information on low ohm power resistors made by HTR India. It describes the physical and electrical characteristics including power ratings at different temperatures, resistance tolerance, temperature range, derating curves and environmental test results. It also includes dimensional drawings, recommended layout, packaging, ordering information and typical graphs of temperature dependence and pulse energy.
This document provides information on low ohm power resistors made by HTR-India, including:
- Power ratings from 2W to 10W at temperatures from 70C to 100C
- Applications in current sensors, power modules, and automotive equipment
- Features like high current capacity, sturdy connectors, and solder temperature up to 350C
- Electrical and environmental specifications including resistance tolerance, temperature range, voltage rating, and test results for temperature cycling, humidity, and vibration.
This document provides information on low ohm power resistors made by HTR-India, including:
- Power ratings from 2W to 10W at temperatures from 70C to 100C
- Applications in current sensors, power modules, and automotive equipment
- Features like high current capacity, sturdy connectors, and solder temperature up to 350C
- Electrical and environmental specifications including resistance tolerance, temperature range, voltage rating, and test results for temperature cycling, humidity, and vibration.
This document provides information about a seminar hosted by the American Galvanizers Association (AGA) on hot-dip galvanized steel. The seminar aims to educate architects, engineers, and specifiers about using hot-dip galvanized steel to address corrosion issues. It covers topics like the corrosion problem in North America, how galvanized steel provides barrier and cathodic protection against corrosion, the hot-dip galvanizing process, common galvanized coating specifications, and how galvanized steel can lower life-cycle costs compared to painted steel.
The document announces a seminar hosted by the American Galvanizers Association to educate architects, engineers, and specifiers about hot-dip galvanized steel and how it provides effective corrosion protection. The seminar will cover corrosion issues in the US, how galvanizing protects steel from corrosion, and how to incorporate corrosion protection into design to lower lifetime maintenance costs. Attendees can earn continuing education credits for attending the seminar.
This document proposes a simplified Varestraint test for analyzing the weldability of nickel superalloys. Key points:
1) A Varestraint testing machine was designed and built in-house to apply controlled strains of 1-8% during welding.
2) Parameters like welding speed, current and strain rate were optimized through experiments on alloy 718.
3) Evaluation methods like optical microscopy and thermography were compared to accurately measure cracking.
4) A reduced Varestraint test using 10-12 samples is proposed to assess weldability while minimizing errors. This method needs further validation on different materials and processes.
Autogenous laser welding of the AA6082-T651 aluminium alloy was investigated with 3 lasers, namely a pulsed laser of 300W, a disk laser of 4kW and a laser marker of 70W. First, the hot cracking susceptibility was studied with two conventional laser welding equipment, without using filler material or heat treatment. Additionally, an attempt was made to weld with a laser marking equipment. Most of the welds made were laser seam welds but, some continuous and laser spot welds were also tested. As each laser was operated with different parameters, more than 400 welds were obtained with a wide range of parameters. Selected welds were studied with visual inspection, dye penetrant inspection (DPI), optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Results indicated that welds with pulse laser beam tend to develop hot cracking, due to the segregation of silicon-rich low melting point eutectics to the grain boundaries and the development of contraction stresses during solidification. On the other hand, positive results were found with continuous welding since this process results in much longer solidification times and lower stresses. Finally, promising results were obtained with the laser marking machine, which produced high aspect ratio laser seam welds without hot cracking and a penetration of 1 mm using 99.9% of overlap factor. These welds were crack free due to their small weld pool, avoiding segregation effects, and to the heat build-up of successive spots, what had similar effect to solidification in continuous welding.
Solving Problems with Reliability in the Lead-Free EraCheryl Tulkoff
This presentation provides a focused but comprehensive discussion on potential reliability issues that can arise within Pb-free processes. Areas of potential high risk are examined. For each reliability concern, a brief description is provided, followed by the current state of industry knowledge and an opportunity for risk mitigation based upon the product design, materials, complexity, volumes, and customer expectations of reliability. A final summary provides the attendees a roadmap for ensuring the reliability of Pb-free product.
This document summarizes several automotive trends related to multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs). It discusses the trend of downsizing MLCCs to smaller case sizes. As an example, it examines low voltage applications for electric vehicles. It also covers ESD, flex termination designs for Volkswagen/Audi applications, and KC-LINK capacitor solutions. The document provides details on various MLCC products and evaluation criteria important for automotive applications like capacitance, voltage rating, ripple current, and thermal properties.
Laser cladding applications for valve manufacturingLambrecht Jan
APPLICATIONS FOR STELLITE CASINGS, NICKEL-BASED LINERS AND CARBIDE ACTUATOR STEMS
Material performance is essential for the engineering and manufacturing of industrial valves to increase service conditions in demanding environments like off-shore, oil and gas, mining, dredging and process industries.
Weld-overlay and hard-facing are commonly used for Stellite reinforcements or nickel-based liners like Inconel or Hastelloy.
LCV offers enhanced laser cladding solutions which set a new standard in terms of performance and cost.
As a valve manufacturer, laser cladding offers you increased wear resistance, more efficient material application and reduced cost of the weld-lay-up due to LCV’s proprietary FastCLAD technology.
Similar to Adams new standards for permanent magnets 2019 (20)
Design and optimization of ion propulsion dronebjmsejournal
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
Generative AI Use cases applications solutions and implementation.pdfmahaffeycheryld
Generative AI solutions encompass a range of capabilities from content creation to complex problem-solving across industries. Implementing generative AI involves identifying specific business needs, developing tailored AI models using techniques like GANs and VAEs, and integrating these models into existing workflows. Data quality and continuous model refinement are crucial for effective implementation. Businesses must also consider ethical implications and ensure transparency in AI decision-making. Generative AI's implementation aims to enhance efficiency, creativity, and innovation by leveraging autonomous generation and sophisticated learning algorithms to meet diverse business challenges.
https://www.leewayhertz.com/generative-ai-use-cases-and-applications/
Build the Next Generation of Apps with the Einstein 1 Platform.
Rejoignez Philippe Ozil pour une session de workshops qui vous guidera à travers les détails de la plateforme Einstein 1, l'importance des données pour la création d'applications d'intelligence artificielle et les différents outils et technologies que Salesforce propose pour vous apporter tous les bénéfices de l'IA.
Gas agency management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The project entitled "Gas Agency" is done to make the manual process easier by making it a computerized system for billing and maintaining stock. The Gas Agencies get the order request through phone calls or by personal from their customers and deliver the gas cylinders to their address based on their demand and previous delivery date. This process is made computerized and the customer's name, address and stock details are stored in a database. Based on this the billing for a customer is made simple and easier, since a customer order for gas can be accepted only after completing a certain period from the previous delivery. This can be calculated and billed easily through this. There are two types of delivery like domestic purpose use delivery and commercial purpose use delivery. The bill rate and capacity differs for both. This can be easily maintained and charged accordingly.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELijaia
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...bijceesjournal
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for...PIMR BHOPAL
Variable frequency drive .A Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is an electronic device used to control the speed and torque of an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage of its power supply. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for motor control, providing significant energy savings and precise motor operation.
1. New Standards for Permanent Magnets
MICHAEL DEVINE
SENIOR APPLICATIONS ENGINEER
2. • Yet ANOTHER standard? What gives?
• A lot of things are taken for granted:
• Alnico 5 & 8 – So many sub-grades
• Ceramic 8 – Dozens of sub-grades
• SmCo22 – Is that 1:5 or 2:17?
• NdFeB - Who came up with & governs
the letter designations?
6. • Popular in USA
• First released in 1966
• Managed by magnet producers
• Last update in 2000
MMPA Standard
7. • Popular in Europe
• First released in 1979
• Managed by magnet producers
• Last update in 2016
IEC Standard
8. • First released in 1954
• Managed by Ministry of International Trade
and Industry
• Last update in 1998, but reaffirmed in 2013
• Based on IEC 60404-8 with some additions for
the Japanese market
Japanese Standard
9. • Some vendors call out SJ 285-77, created in 1977
• SJ/T 10410-2016 Permanent ferrite materials
• Managed by Standardization Administration of
China
• N, M, H, SH, UH and EH indicate:
• Low coercivity
• Medium coercivity
• High coercivity
• Super-High coercivity
• Ultra-High coercivity
• Extremely High coercivity
• etc
Chinese Standard
11. Inconsistencies amongstandards:HardFerrite5
MMPA 0100-00
• One type
• Nominal values
• Br: 3,800 Gauss
• Hc: 2400 Oe
• Hci: 2500 Oe
• (BH)max: 3.40 MGOe
IEC 60404-8-1
• One type (S1-1-6)
• Minimum values
• Br: 3700 Gauss
• Hc: 2890 Oe
• Hci: 3260 Oe
• (BH)max: 3.2 MGOe
China
• Two types (Y30H-1 &
Y30H-2)
• Range of values
• Br: 3800 to 4150 Gauss
• Hci: 2950 to 4200 Oe
• (BH)max: 3.4 to 4.1
MGOe
Japan
• One type (S1-1-6)
• Minimum & Nominal
values
• Br: 3700 & 3900 Gauss
• Hc: 2890 & 3440 Oe
• Hci: 3260 & 3570 Oe
• (BH)max: 3.2 & 3.5
MGOe
12. Inconsistencies amongstandards:SmCo22MGOe
MMPA 0100-00
• One type
• Nominal values
• Br=9500 Gauss
• Hci=15,000 Oe
IEC 60404-8-1
• One type
• Minimum values
• Br=9300 Gauss
• Hci=8800 Oe
China
• One type
• Minimum values
• Br=9300 Gauss
• Hci=8800 Oe
Japan
• One type
• Minimum and
Nominal values
• Br=9300 Gauss
• Hci=8800 Oe
1:5 Type
13. Inconsistencies amongstandards:SmCo22MGOe
MMPA 0100-00
• None listed
• 0100-96 lists:
• Br=9600 Gauss
• Hci=12,000 Oe
IEC 60404-8-1
• One type
• Minimum values
• Br=9400 Gauss
• Hci=8800 Oe
China
• One type
• Minimum values
• Br=9400 Gauss
• Hci=8800 Oe
Japan
• One type
• Minimum &
Nominal values
• Br=9400 Gauss
• Hci=8800 Oe
2:17 Type
14. Inconsistencies among standards: NdFeB
MMPA 0100-00
• 19 grades
• Nominal values
• Highest grade is
50 MGOe
• Br: 14,100 Gauss
• Largest value for
Intrinsic Coercivity is
41,000 Oe
IEC 60404-8-1
• 16 grades
• Minimum values
• Highest grade is 50 MGOe
• Br: 14,200 Gauss
• Largest value for Intrinsic
Coercivity is 30,000 Oe
China
• 16 grades
• Minimum values
• Highest grade is 48
MGOe
• Br: 14,200 Gauss
• Largest value for
Intrinsic Coercivity is
30,150 Oe
Japan
• 16 grades
• Minimum & Nominal
values
• Highest grade is 45
MGOe
• Br: 14,000 Gauss
(Nominal)
• Largest value for
Intrinsic Coercivity is
30,150 Oe
15. • 12,500+ Standards
• 30,000+ Volunteer Members
• 140+ Participating Countries
• 120 Years of Operation
• Strategic Objectives
• Global Technical Expertise
• Standards and Technical Content
Development
• Services Provider
• Organizational Vitality
About ASTM
16. • Formed in 1903
• Covers Soft & Hard Magnetic Material
• Material specifications
• Test Methods
• Currently 50 members
• Producers
• Users
• General Interest
• Currently 52 active standards
• Hysteresis testing Low Coercivity Materials (A773)
• Hysteresis testing High Coercivity Materials (A977)
• Specification for Low-Carbon Magnetic Iron (A848)
• Test Method for Evaluating Hygrothermal Corrosion Resistance of Permanent Magnet Alloys
(A1071)
Committee A06 on Magnetic Properties
18. • Guarantee a minimum level of magnetic performance
• Provide a common language between customer
and supplier
• With 5-year renewal cycle, will always be up to date
• Clearly identify the type and amount of technical and
quality information required for an order
• Clarify the magnet condition
• Full magnetization
• Stabilization
• Not magnetized
• Clearly defined workmanship, finish and appearance
criteria
What the new standards will/can do
19. MM-TT-XX/YY
Format of Specification
Energy Product
&
Intrinsic Coercivity
Process & Orientation
Cast/Sintered
Isotropic/Anisotropic
Material Type
AL for Alnico
CE for Ferrite
S# for SmCo
ND for NdFeB
20. • Cross reference with MMPA 0100-00 (Original & Brief)
& IEC 60404-8-1 (Brief designation & Code number)
• 31 grades of material
• Designation format is MM-TT-XX/YY
• MM = Material Type, AL for Alnico
• TT = Processing & Orientation (Cast/Sintered,
Isotropic/Anisotropic)
• XX = Energy product (in kJ/m³)
• YY = Intrinsic coercivity (in kA/m)
• Cast Alnico 5, Low end: AL-CA-37/49
• Cast Alnico 5, Mid range: AL-CA-39/49
• Cast Alnico 5, High end: AL-CA-44/53
ASTM Alnico Standard (A1070)
23. • Cross reference with MMPA 0100-00 & IEC 60404-8-1
(Brief designation & Code number)
• 9 grades of 1:5 material
• 26 grades of 2:17 material
• Designation format is MM-TT-XX/YY
• MM = Material Type, S1 for 1:5 type, S2 for 2:17 type
• TT = Processing & Orientation (Sintered, Isotropic,
Anisotropic)
• XX = Energy product (in kJ/m³)
• YY = Intrinsic coercivity (in kA/m)
• SmCo 22 MGOe (1:5 type): S1-SA-160/1200
• SmCo 22 MGOe (2:17 type): S2-SA-160/700
ASTM Samarium Cobalt Standard (A1102)
24. • Cross reference with MMPA 0100-00 & IEC 60404-8-1
(Brief designation & Code number)
• 60 grades of material
• Designation format is MM-TT-XX/YY
• MM = Material Type, ND for Neodymium Iron Boron
• TT = Processing & Orientation (Sintered, Isotropic,
Anisotropic)
• XX = Energy product (in kJ/m³)
• YY = Intrinsic coercivity (in kA/m)
• Neo 4811: ND-SA-370/875
• Neo 4812: ND-SA-370/955
• Neo 4814: ND-SA-370/1114
• Neo 4817: ND-SA-370/1353
ASTM NdFeB Standard (A1101)
25. • Cross reference with MMPA 0100-00 & IEC 60404-8-1
• 13 grades of material
• Designation format is MM-Y-##
• MM = Material Type, CE for Ceramic ferrite
• Y = Processing & Orientation
(Isotropic/Anisotropic)
• ## = Numeric Grade designation
• Ceramic 8A, ‘The Standard’: CE-A-08A
• (BH)max: 3.5 MGOe; Hci: 3050 Oe
• Ceramic 8B, Higher energy: CE-A-08B
• (BH)max: 4.1 MGOe; Hci: 2960 Oe
ASTM Hard Ferrite Standard (A1054)
26. • Discourages use of ‘Maximum Operating Temperature’
• Recommends accounting for magnetic circuit, not just magnet grade
• The ‘Maximum Recommended Working Temperature’ has a variety of
interpretations:
• Maximum temperature at which the normal hysteresis loop is
linear in the second quadrant
• In a less demanding interpretation, the normal loop must be
linear on to the maximum energy operating point on the normal
hysteresis loop.
• Alnico: 450°C to 550°C
• Ferrite: Not specified
• SmCo: 250°C for 1:5; 350°C for 2:17
• NdFeB: 80°C to 230°C
Maximum Recommended Working Temperature
27. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance
• Magnets should be free of adhered magnetic particles and surface
residue which may interfere with assembly or proper device function
• Chips shall be acceptable if no more than 10% of any surface
identified as a magnetic pole is removed
• No visible cracks
28. Magnetic Condition – Stabilized, Calibrated, Knocked down
• A Stabilized magnet is exposed to
heat or a magnetic field so that
subsequent exposure will cause
minimal to no additional
demagnetization
• A Calibrated magnet is exposed to
a reverse magnetic field so its
magnetic field output fits within a
narrow tolerance range
• A Knocked-down magnet is either
partially or totally demagnetized
Stabilized
Calibrated
Knocked down
Full
Strength
DemagnetizedMagnetic Condition
29. How to Cite an ASTM Spec
Reference String:
• Base Designation / Edition -Version / Title / Publisher/ Publisher City / Publisher
State, Province / Publication Year/ DOI / Publisher Website
Examples:
Referencing Standards with Year of Approval:
• ASTM Standard A1054, 2016, “Standard Specification for Sintered Ferrite
Permanent Magnets," ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2016, DOI:
10.1520/A1054-16, www.astm.org
Referencing Standards (reapproved):
• ASTM Standard A1054, 2016 (2021), “Standard Specification for Sintered Ferrite
Permanent Magnets," ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2006, DOI:
10.1520/A1054-16R21, www.astm.org