Polyamides specialties for the automotive and electric&electronic industry

Radici Group Press Conference
Shangai - April 24th
“Polyamides specialties for the automotive and
electric&electronic industry”electric&electronic industry”
By Erico SPINI – Radici Plastics MKT&Application Development Director

Radici Group Facts & Vision
Facts
•Upstream integration of PA6, PA66, PA6.10, PA6.12, High
temperature PA and copolymers.
•Worldwide industrial and sales network.
•Complete range of materials available in all countries.•Complete range of materials available in all countries.
•Competent global application development support.
Vision
•Growth through innovation, with a focus on specialty
polyamide grades.
•Sustainability commitment along the entire production
chain to minimize the environmental impact.

Market Trend Radici Plastics Answer
Lightweighting, low CO₂ emission, NVH
vehicles comfort, productivity, cost
reduction
Specialty PA designed for metal
replacement :
-High performance PA66-GF
-High performance and high productivity
PA6-GF
- LGF polyamides
Radici Plastics Innovation Approach
Smaller and more powerful auto engines,
insulation properties at high temperature
in the EE sector, LFS technology
High temperature range of polyamides :
-Radilon HHR family
-Radilon XTreme family
Better chemical resistance, improved
dimensional stability, improved hydrolysis
resistance
Two families of long chain polyamides
based on PA610 and PA612
Safety, technical performances, respect of
environmental standard and productivity
for the electrical/electronics apparatus
An outstanding range of flame retardant
materials including red ph and halogen
free families

Specialties PA66-GF (Structural characteristics
superior to those of standard grades)
Radilon® S URV family (High Fill Level and
Metal replacement offer
Radilon® S URV family (High Fill Level and
high flow PA6)
Radistrong® (Long Fiber Polyamides) New !

Specialties PA66-GF : Radici Current Offer
50% GF PA66 Radilon® A RV500RW blk 339
that offers (when compared to standard PA66-GF):
- Higher stiffness
- Higher deformation at break
- Improved welding line resistance
- Higher impact resistance

100
150
200
250
300
Stress(Mpa)
Stress-Strain Curves Comparison
(23°C, DAM, ISO 527)
PA66-GF50
Radilon® ARV500RW
0
50
100
0,00% 0,50% 1,00% 1,50% 2,00% 2,50% 3,00%
Stress(Mpa)
Strain (%)
+ 12 % tensile strength at break
+ 20 % tensile deformation at break

40
60
80
100
120
Stress(Mpa)
Stress-Strain Curves Comparison
(23°C, DAM) ISO 527 Double Injection
Radilon® ARV500RW
0
20
40
0,00% 0,20% 0,40% 0,60% 0,80% 1,00% 1,20% 1,40%
Stress(Mpa)
Strain (%)
PA66-GF50
+ 20 % tensile strength at break
+ 30 % tensile deformation at break

Approved/Serial parts made of :
•Radilon® A RV500RW 339 BK
(Engine bracket, Engine
mounts)
•Radilon® A RV350RW 339 BK
(Engine mounts)

High flow & high filler content PA6:
Radici Current Offer
50% GF PA6 Radilon® S URV500
60% GF PA6 Radilon® S URV600
that offer when compared to standard GF PA6 :
•Easier flow
•Less fibers breakage ; consequently higher mechanical
properties retention
•Improved design freedom
•Lower screw abrasion
•Lower processing temperature with great advantages for
FR materials
•Lower press size
•Higher productivity

200
300
400
500
600
700
800SpiralLength(mm)
Spiral Length Comparison
High Flow
Radilon® S URV600LW
PA6-GF50
10
Flow Length + 40%
0
100
60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
Injection Pressure (Bar)
PA6-GF50
High Flow
Radilon® S URV600LW

Machinery carter
11
Serial parts made of :
•Radilon® S URV600
(high flow 60% GF PA6)
Chair Armrest

Enhanced impact properties
Improved tensile strength at break at high
Radistrong® LGF Structural Composites
Key Feature versus PA-Short Glass Fibres
Improved tensile strength at break at high
temperature
Improved creep and fatigue resistance
Lower parts warpage
Better performance at high temperatures

Charpy Notched Impact
Impact Energy Absorption
Tensile Strength at Break
(23 °C)
Tensile Modulus (23 °C)
Tensile Modulus (150 °C)
PA66-GF Radistrong© LGF
Radistrong® LGF PA66 versus PA66-GF properties
comparison
Tensile Strength at Break
(150 °C)
Elongation at BreakCreep
Heat resistance

Fiber Rovings
Extruder
Thermoplastic Melt
Puller
Granulator
Manufactured by a
Special Pultrusion
Technology
Granules: 12 mm or other length; diameter 3 mm
Impregnation Die
A taylor made matrix raw materials that offer
better impregnation and, consequentely, higher
mechanical properties

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
PunctureEnergy(J/mm)
CharpyNotched(KJ/m2)
Impact Resistance
Charpy Notched Puncture Energy (J/mm)
+ 100
%
+ 80 %
0
1
2
3
4
0
5
10
15
20
Radistrong® A
LGF50W
PA66-GF50 Radistrong® S
LGF50W
PA6-GF50
PunctureEnergy(J/mm)
CharpyNotched(KJ/m2)
Radistrong® Puncture Energy & Charpy
Notched : + 80% to 100% versus short fibers
PA66 & PA6

1,50
2,00
2,50
3,00
3,50
Deformation(%)
Creep Behavior (140 °C, 60 Mpa)
PA66-GF50
Radistrong® ALGF50W
0,00
0,50
1,00
1 10 100 1000 10000
Deformation(%)
Time (hours)
Radistrong® ALGF50W
Creep behaviour (140 °C, 60 MPa) of Radistrong® compared to
a short-fibre reinforced PA66 : after 10000 h the creep
deformation is close to 1/3 of short fibers PA !

Property Radistrong® Metals
Weight saving + -
Corrosion
resistance
+++ -
Thermal expansion = =
Productivity +++ -
Design freedom +++ -
Design freedom +++ -
Stiffness - +++
Creep = =
Impact at room
temperature
++ +++
Impact at -30 °C +++ ++
Fatigue + =
Vibration/noise
damping
++ -

•Seat Frames
•Crash absorbers
•Structural parts
•Carters, engine housing
•Ski binding
•Intercooler end cap
•Safety toe caps
•Pumps covers
•Hinges
•Impellers
•Archery components
•Rear mirror support

Radici CAE service for metal replacement
Simulation analysisSimulation analysisSimulation analysisSimulation analysis
developmentdevelopmentdevelopmentdevelopment
Analysis outputAnalysis outputAnalysis outputAnalysis output
and reportand reportand reportand report
COCO--DESIGNDESIGN
19
• CAD modelCAD modelCAD modelCAD model
(neutral format)(neutral format)
• Processing/operating conditionsProcessing/operating conditionsProcessing/operating conditionsProcessing/operating conditions
•Design boundaries and requirementsDesign boundaries and requirementsDesign boundaries and requirementsDesign boundaries and requirements
• Other usefulOther usefulOther usefulOther useful infosinfosinfosinfos (tool/runner design, 2d
drawings, tolerances, etc.)
COCO--DESIGNDESIGN
APPROACHAPPROACH

Radici CAE service:
structural analysis - classic approach
• Metal replacement of an aluminium support
Aluminium part Redesign for PA66-GF50 Structural analysis - VM stress
Potential failure foreseen
New redesign step
IterationIterationIterationIteration
Force
Design validation by FEADesign validation by FEADesign validation by FEADesign validation by FEA

Radici CAE service:
Structural Advanced simulation
• Advanced approach for process-dependent material properties
• Anisotropy induced by fiber orientation and local material properties can
be taken into account in an integrated, non-linear analysis, which use
process simulation data do build up a macromechanic model with local
anisotropic material properties

Engine downsizing
Lower limits on CO₂₂₂₂ emission
Longer vehicles life time
Reduced under bonnet space
High temperature PA offer
₂₂₂₂
Reduced under bonnet space
•Better properties retention after ageing
•Longer life time
•Easy processing, competitive price

• Radilon® A HHR
High Heat Resistance PA66 for
injection and blow molding (from 180
to 210 °C CUT in air)
180 180
°C
210
• New ! Radilon XTreme-
HHR
High Temperature Polyamides (from
190 to 230 °C CUT in air)
210
°C
230
°C

Temperature upper limit in contact with hot air : 210 °C

•Radilon® A RV350 HHR : high heat resistant, PA66-
GF35, for injection molding
•Radilon® A BMV150 HHR & Radilon® A BMV200 HHR :
•Radilon® A BMV150 HHR & Radilon® A BMV200 HHR :
high heat resistant PA66-GF15 & PA66-GF20, for blow
molding
•Radilon® A RV150 HHR AF : high heat resistant PA66-
GF15, flame retardant,UL-V0, for injection molding

80,0
100,0
120,0
140,0
160,0
180,0
200,0TensileStrengthatBreak(Mpa)
Heat Ageing in Air at 210 °C
Radilon A RV350 HHR 3800 Ner
PA66-GF35 HS
0,0
20,0
40,0
60,0
80,0
0,0 1000,0 2000,0 3000,0 4000,0
TensileStrengthatBreak(Mpa)
Time (h)
•Radilon® A RV350 HHR 3800 Ner : 57% of initial value after 3000h
•PA66-GF35 Heat Stabilized : 0% of initial value just after 2000 h

40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Heat ageing in air at 210 °C
The performance of blow molding grade :
•Radilon® A BMV150 HHR : 90% of initial value
•Benchmark : 41% of initial value
0
10
20
30
40
0 500 1000 1500 2000
Time (h)
CompPA66-GF15
RadilonA BMV150 HHR

HHR technology was also successfully used on a
flame-retardant product.
Material : Radiflam® A RV150HHR AF, a 15%-glass-
fibre-filled PA66
Technical specifications :
Technical specifications :
• Maximum 35% mechanical property degradation
after ageing at 170°C for 1,000 hours
• Retention of a UL94 V0 flame-class rating by a 0.8-
mm-thick specimen after ageing at 170°C for 3,000
hours

Hot side turbo air duct
Radilon® A BMV150 HHR
Air resonator box
Radilon® A RV350HHR
Turbo duct resonator
Radilon® A RV350HHR

Electrical motor components
Radilon® A RV350 HHR (H
Class rating – 180 °C)
Enginer cover
Radilon® A RV150HHR AF (FR)

New !
Temperature upper limit in contact with hot air : 230 °C

Using a novel and proprietary approach Radici
scientists, from both Plastics and Chemical
scientists, from both Plastics and Chemical
divisions, have developed a new polyamide
that is stable at elevated temperatures (up to
230°). This technology is developed mainly in
response to newer automotive performance
demands for under the hood applications.

Property PA66 PA6 XTreme PPS PPA PPA-2 PA46 PA46-2
Melt
Temp.
260 220 280 280 308 300 282 295
Water
Abs.
8,5 9,0 7,0 0,1 7,0 7,0 13,0 13,0
Radilon® XTreme (pure polymer) vs other polymers
• same melting temperature of PPS and PA46. Lower than PPA
• same water absorption of PPA, lower than PA46
• same TG of PPS, higher than PA46, lower than PPA
• lower density versus PPS and PA46
Abs.
Tg 70 60 90 90 110 120 70 70
Density 1,14 1,14 1,15 1,35 1,15 1,15 1,18 1,18

100
150
200
250
TensileStrengthatBreak(ISO527-Mpa)
RadilonXTremeRV350HHR
PA*-GF35
PA46-GF40
PPA-GF45
Radilon® XTreme-HHR : heat ageing properties
40
60
80
100
120
TensileStrengthatBreakretention(%)
RadilonXTreme RV350HHR
PA*-GF35
PA46-GF40
PPA-GF45
50%
Retention
0
50
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
TensileStrengthatBreak(ISO527
Time(h)
Radilon® XTreme RV350HHR
• Residual Tensile Strength at Break better than
benchmark after 3000 h at 220 °C
• Tensile Strength at Break retention > 50% after 3000 h at
220 °C (Better than benchmark)
0
20
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
TensileStrengthatBreakretention(%)
Time(h)

Radilon® XTreme-HHR : heat ageing properties
20
40
60
80
100
120
TensileElongationatBreakretention(%)
Radilon XTreme RV350HHR
PA*-GF35
PA46-GF40
PPA-GF45
50%
Retention
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
3,5
4
TensileElongationatBreak(ISO527,%)
RadilonXTremeRV350HHR
PA*-GF35
PA46-GF40
PPA-GF45
Radilon® XTreme RV350HHR
• Elongation at break retention better/equivalent
than benchmark
• Residual deformation at break after 3000 h at
220 °C higher than benchmark
0
20
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
TensileElongationatBreakretention(%)
Time (h)
0
0,5
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
TensileElongationatBreak(ISO527,%)
Time(h)

• Radilon® XTreme RV350HHR 3800 Ner
(PA-35%GF-IM)
Radilon® Xtreme actual offer
(PA-40%GF-IM)
(PA-50%GF-IM)

Polymer Processability Heat ageing
Properties
retention at 220 °C
Stiffness Tensile
Strength
Impact
Resistance
PPA * ** *** *** **
PPS * **** *** *** *
PA46 * (surface *** **** DAM *** DAM ***
PA46 * (surface
aspect
critical)
*** **** DAM
* Conditioned
*** DAM
* Conditioned
***
Radilon®XTreme *** *** *** *** ***
* Poor
** Fair
*** Good
**** Excellent

Radilon® S RV … W, S BMV150 K
Radilon® A RV…W
Radilon® XTreme complete the Radici
Plastics material portfolio for high
temperature applications
Radilon® A RV…W
Radilon® XTreme RV HHR
Metal
Radilon® A RV HHR, A BMV HHR
CUT in contact with air

RadiciRadiciRadiciRadici PlasticsPlasticsPlasticsPlastics LongLongLongLong ChainChainChainChain
PolyamidePolyamidePolyamidePolyamide OfferOfferOfferOffer
Long Chain Polyamides
• Radilon®Radilon®Radilon®Radilon® D PA6.10D PA6.10D PA6.10D PA6.10
• Radilon®Radilon®Radilon®Radilon® DT PA6.12DT PA6.12DT PA6.12DT PA6.12 New !New !New !New !

GWP comparison plot for PA6,10 and other polymers (data from literature).
The graph shows that PA6,10 has the lowest GWP of all the polymers included
in the plot. The discriminating factor can be traced back to the component of
biological origin with a low environmental impact, which makes up about 64%
of the polymer by weight.

PA6,10 polymerization process
Sebacic acid is a monomer of natural origin, while hexamethylenediamine is
a monomer of fossil origin. The latter is also used for the polymerization of
polyamide 66.

PA6,10 exhibits much lower hygroscopicity than PA6 and PA66, and its
water uptake at saturation is not too far from PA12.

The melting point and HDT of PA6,10 are close to PA6, but clearly higher than
for PA11 and PA12.
These characteristics could be valuable indicators in determining the usability
of PA6,10 as a valid alternative to PA11 and PA12 for all those applications,
such as diesel fuel lines, in which operating temperatures reach values that
PA12 and PA11 cannot withstand

Spiral-shaped pneumatic
tubing manufactured using
Radilon® D40P50K

Truck air brake hose made
of Radilon® D40EP25ZW

Fuel vapour vent hose
made of Radilon®
D40EP25ZW blue

Fuel connector made of
Fuel connector made of
Radilon® D ERV300W 333 Ner
(injection molding grade)

Performance
• Mechanical properties
• Miniaturisation
Health & Environment
• RoHS
Product safety
• Flame retardancy (UL, VDE, IEC)
• Electrical properties (UL, VDE, IEC)
• Smoke toxicity (especially public transport.)
GRADE
Main drivers in EE market
• Miniaturisation
• Functionability
• Heat-/UV-resistance
• Laser markability
• Colourability
• REACH
• WEEE
• Eco labels
Productivity/cost
• Processability
• Prod. Shift to emerging countries
• Cost competivity
• Global offer
GRADE
APPLICATION

Flame
Retardancy
AE
HF
GWIT 775°C
Flame retardant technologies
AF
RDF FR
V-2
GWFI 960°C
Unfilled Glass reinforced
V-0 + 5VA
RDL FR2

Typical Applications
Power Distribution Connectivity
Halogen- and phosphorous free (FR)
Market
Segment
Power
Distribution
Part Name Mini Circuit Breaker
Material Radilon®
S UCW 250 FR2
Main
Technical
Requirements
•GWFI 960 °C
•Colour RAL 7035
•High Flow
•Laser Markability
Market
Segment
Connectors
Part Name •Terminal Block
•Connectors
Material Radiflam® A FR
Main
Technical
Requirements
•UL94-V0 at 0,4 mm
•Colourability
•Regrind addition
•Elongation at break
(snap fitting)

Industrial Control Power Distribution
Halogen- and phosphorous free (HF)
Market
Segment
Industrial Control
Part Name Contactor Housing
Material Radiflam®
A RV250 HF
Main
Technical
Requirements
•High Mechanical
Properties
•UL94-V0
•Different Colours
Market
Segment
Power Distribution
Part Name MCCB Housing
Material Radiflam®
A RV250 HF
Main Technical
Requirements
•GWFI 960 °C at 1 mm
•UL94-V0 at 0,8 mm
•CTI > 400 V
•RoHs & WEEE
Compliance

Appliance Insulation systems
Red phosphorous technology (AF)
Market
Segment
Household
Appliances
Part Name Connector for
cooking surfaces
Material Radiflam®
A RV250K AF
Main
Technical
Requirements
•High Mechanical
Properties
•GWIT > 775 at 1 mm
•IEC 60335-1
Compliance
• UL-V0
Market
Segment
Electrical
Insulation Systems
Part Name Coil Bobbin
Material Radiflam®
A RV300K AF
Main Technical
Requirements
•High Mechanical
Properties
• UL-V0 at 0,8 mm
• High tensile strength
at break

Appliance Appliance
Halogen based technology (AE)
Market
Segment
Household
Appliances
Part Name Stator Housing
Material Radilon®
S V2 181C Nat
Main
Technical
Requirements
•IEC 60335-1
compliance
•High Flow
•Sb2O3 free
•IMQ & VDE
approved
Market
Segment
Household
Appliances
Part Name Washing Machine Timer
Components
Material Radiflam®
A RV300K AE 181 C Nat
Main
Technical
Requirements
•IEC 60335-1 compliance
•Good Mechanical
Properties

UL94 V-0
GWFI 960°C
Unfilled Mineral and/or Glass fibre reinforced
UL94 V-0
GWFI 960°C
GWIT 775°C
A AE K
A RV 200K AE
A RV 250K AE
A RV 300K AE
A RV 400K AE
A FR
S FR A AE
A RV 200 HF
A RV 250 HF
A RV 300 HF
A RV 350 HF
S RV 300 HF
A RV 100 AE…C
A RV 300 AE…C
S RV 250 FR
A RV 300 FR
A RV 250K AF
A RV 300K AF
A RV 150 AF
A RV 250 AF
A RV 300 AF
A RV 350 AF
GWIT 930°C @ 1mm
RDF/RDL® S / A: grades mapping PA
UL94 V-2
GWFI 960°C
S FR A AE
S RV 300 HF
A RV 300 AE…C
A CP 100K V2
A CP 350K V2
A V2…CS V2…CRADILON ®
AE AF HF FR RDL FR2
S RV 200-350 FR2
S UCW 250 FR2
halogenated Red phosphorous Halogen- and redphosphorous free

Radici Group Press Conference
Shangai – April 24th
Thank YouThank You
for Your Attention

Polyamides specialties for the automotive and electric&electronic industry

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