Acute renal failure is a medical emergency characterized by a rapid deterioration of renal function over hours to days. It is often reversible. It accounts for 1% of hospital admissions and complicates around 7% of inpatient episodes, with mortality rates of 5-10% in uncomplicated cases and 50-70% in severe cases involving sepsis or the need for dialysis. Causes include pre-renal factors reducing renal perfusion (40-70% of cases), intrinsic renal disease (10-50% of cases), and post-renal urinary outflow obstruction (10% of cases). Management focuses on treating the underlying cause, monitoring fluid balance, and considering dialysis for uraemic patients. Comp
![Renal Failure ,[object Object],[object Object],“ Acute renal failure is a medical emergency characterised by a rapid deterioration in renal function (GFR) over a period of hours-days. It is often reversible”](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)