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Acute encephalitis syndrome
Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is characterized by an acute onset of fever and changes in mental status or seizures. Common causes in India include Japanese encephalitis virus, which accounts for 5-35% of cases. Other potential causes are herpes simplex virus, enteroviruses, influenza, and several other arboviruses. AES cases in Muzaffarpur are often seen in undernourished children after visiting litchi orchards, and a relationship between litchi consumption and AES has been proposed due to toxins in the fruit. Management involves supportive care and controlling seizures and elevated intracranial pressure. Prevention strategies include Japanese encephalitis vaccination.
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