The document discusses reading as an interactive process between the reader and the text, emphasizing the importance of active reading strategies that enhance comprehension and retention. It outlines challenges faced by teachers in teaching reading and presents various strategies, including encouraging students to ask questions and share interpretations through different forms of expression. Additionally, the combination of visualizing and summarizing is highlighted as a method to improve comprehension by integrating cognitive skills.

2. Challenge yourself…..
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3. OUTLINE
Clarify terminology and definitions
Demonstrate what active reading is
Introduce Active reading strategies
Practise active reading strategies

4. ACTIVITY 1:(2mn)
In pairs, jot down on an A4 paper challenges teachers face in teaching reading .

5. Possible Challenges:

Class size

time constraints

accommodating individual needs of struggling readers

Explicit teaching of strategies

Unwillingness to read

Knowledge about reading strategies

6. What is Reading?
Background knowledge
Linguistic features and meaning
Comprehension
An Process
Interactive

7. What does the research tell us?
“Reading is an interactive process that goes on between the reader and the text, resulting in comprehension. The text presents letters, words, sentences, and paragraphs that encode meaning. The reader uses knowledge, skills, and strategies to determine what that meaning is”. (Rumelhart 1985; Carrell, Devine & Eskey, 1988)

8. Who are active readers?

9. What is active reading ?
“Reading is an active process in which the reader constructs meaning from a text. Because readers bring differing experiences and knowledge to a reading experience, each reader will construct a different interpretation of a text. Readers need to be encouraged to take an active stance in their reading, asking questions and looking for points of agreement or disagreement with the author as they read. “
Kathy G. Short & Jerome Harste (1996). Creating Classrooms for Authors and Inquirers

14. Annotating or writing about what is read increases students’ retention and comprehension (Myers, 1984; Moffett and Wagner, 1983 )

15. Annotating or writing about what is read increases students’ retention and comprehension (Myers, 1984; Moffett and Wagner, 1983 )

17. Students learn more effectively when they generate their own questions, summarize and exert choice in the lesson than when they do not (Andre and Anderson, 1978-79; Cohen, 1983).

18. Students learn more effectively when they generate their own questions, summarize and exert choice in the lesson than when they do not (Andre and Anderson, 1978-79; Cohen, 1983).

20. When students are encouraged to share their interpretations through art, they must transmediate their understandings into a new sign system and so they come to deeper and more complex understandings of the text.
(Kathy G. Short and Jerome 1996)

21. When students are encouraged to share their interpretations through art, they must transmediate their understandings into a new sign system and so they come to deeper and more complex understandings of the text.
(Kathy G. Short and Jerome 1996)

23. The combination of visualizing and summarizing significantly increases comprehension by integrating the right and left brain hemispheric functioning (Bell, 1991,2000).

24. The combination of visualizing and summarizing significantly increases comprehension by integrating the right and left brain hemispheric functioning (Bell, 1991,2000).

25. What have you learnt today?
1- What is reading?
2- What are some behaviors of active readers?
3-What four strategies have you learnt today?
4- Which one are you going to apply with your students?
5-Which one are you going to tell a colleague about?

26. Thank-you for your attention
Maf.chaaben@qu.edu.qa

27. REFERENCES
•
Day, R. & Bamford, J.(1998). Extensive Reading in the Second Language Classroom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
•
Short, K., Harste, J., & Burke, C.(1996). Creating Classrooms for Authors and Inquirers. U.S.A: Heinemann.
•
Day, R. & Bamford, J.(2002). Top Ten Principle for teaching Extensive Reading.[On line] Available at http: //www.nflrc.hawaii.edu/rfl/October2002/day/day.html. Last accessed on 8 March 2014.
•
The McGraw Center for Teaching and Learning.(2008). Active Reading Strategies.[On line] Available at http://www.princeton.edu/mcgraw/library/for-students/remember- reading. Last accessed on 20 February 2014.
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Helgeson, J.(2010).Being Active with Active Reading Strategies.[On line] Available at http://wsascd.org/downloads/Active_Reading_Strategies.pdf. Last accessed on 20 February 2014.