Acid rain is rain that is more acidic than normal due to sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from the burning of fossil fuels and other sources. These gases mix with water vapor and rain to produce solutions of sulfuric and nitric acids that fall as acid rain. Acid rain damages buildings, statues, and other structures made of limestone and marble. It also harms forests and aquatic life by leaching nutrients from soil and increasing the acidity of lakes and rivers. To reduce acid rain, factories can install scrubbers to remove sulfur from smokestacks and vehicles can use converters to reduce dangerous emissions, while governments increase spending on pollution control and energy research.

2. WHAT IS ACID RAIN?
Acid rain is rain that is more acidic than
normal.
Acid rain's spread and damage involves
weather, chemistry, soil, and the life
cycles of plants and animals on the
land and from acid rain in the water.
Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, the
major sources of acid rain.

3. Measurement of acidity ofMeasurement of acidity of
RainRain

4. TYPES OF ACID RAINTYPES OF ACID RAIN
ACID RAIN
Wet Deposition Dry Deposition

5. Acid RainAcid Rain
Wet Deposition:-Wet Deposition:-
 Wet deposition
refers to acidic rain,
fog, and snow. As
this acidic water
flows over and
through the ground,
it affects a variety of
plants and animals.
Dry Deposition:-Dry Deposition:-
 Dry deposition
refers to acidic
gases and
particles. About
half of the acidity
in the atmosphere
falls back to earth
through dry
deposition

6.  Burning coal, Oil and natural gas,Burning coal, Oil and natural gas,
in power stations makes electricity,in power stations makes electricity,
giving off sulphur dioxide gas.giving off sulphur dioxide gas.
 Burning petrol and oil in vehicleBurning petrol and oil in vehicle
engines gives off nitrogen oxidesengines gives off nitrogen oxides
as gases.as gases.
 These gases mix with waterThese gases mix with water
vapour and rainwater in thevapour and rainwater in the
atmosphere producing weakatmosphere producing weak
solutions of sulphuric and nitricsolutions of sulphuric and nitric
acids – which fall as acid rain.acids – which fall as acid rain.

8. Effects Of Acid Rain
Effects Of Acid Rain
a). On Non-Living b). On Living c). On Soil

9. a).a). Effect on non-livingEffect on non-living
The Taj Mahal in Agra, suffering
from sulphur di oxide, sulphuric acid
and other fumes pollutants released
from Mathura Refinery.
Acid Rain causes extensive damage to
building, statues, bridges, &
structural materials of marble, lime
stone, etc.

10. b). Effects on Livingb). Effects on Living
 TheThe sulfur dioxidesulfur dioxide andand
nitrogen oxide gases,nitrogen oxide gases,
causes respiratory diseasescauses respiratory diseases
likelike asthma, chronicasthma, chronic
bronchitis, etc.bronchitis, etc.
 Tiny Particles causeTiny Particles cause
difficulty in breathing fordifficulty in breathing for
humans and animals &humans and animals &
also lead toalso lead to permanentpermanent
lung damagelung damage..
•On HumanOn Human
HealthHealth

11. •On Water AnimalsOn Water Animals
 Acid Rain increases the acidity of lakes & rivers,Acid Rain increases the acidity of lakes & rivers,
which is directly effect the aquatic ecosystem.which is directly effect the aquatic ecosystem.

12. c). On Trees & Soilc). On Trees & Soil
 Acid Rain dissolves all the nutrients and the useful
minerals for the tree to grow.
 Weakens the process of photosynthesis.
 Acc. to modern researches, Acid Rain leaches
potassium, calcium, magnesium, etc essential elements
from the top of soil & When soil is contaminated, cereal
(arable) production crops.
 Acids activate aluminium from the soil which leaches into
water and fish die. Drinking water is contaminated.

14. Acid rain was discovered in 1853. The term "acid rain"
was coined in 1872 by Robert Angus Smith. ACID RAINSACID RAINS
are turning the TAJ MAHAL, India’s famed white- marbleare turning the TAJ MAHAL, India’s famed white- marble
monument to love ,a decidedly unromantic yellowmonument to love ,a decidedly unromantic yellow

16. BEFORE AFTER

17. Solution Of Acid RainSolution Of Acid Rain
 Fit scrubbers into factory’s chimneys,Fit scrubbers into factory’s chimneys,
which are chemical filters that removewhich are chemical filters that remove
impurities such as sulphur fromimpurities such as sulphur from
smoke.smoke.
 Cars can be fitted with specialCars can be fitted with special
converters which remove dangerousconverters which remove dangerous
chemicals.chemicals.
 Governments need to spend moreGovernments need to spend more
money on pollution control.money on pollution control.
 Governments need to invest inGovernments need to invest in
researching different ways to produceresearching different ways to produce
energy.energy.

18. THANK YOUTHANK YOU