The document provides definitions for various terms related to ancient Egyptian rituals and burial practices. It explains that the Egyptians placed great importance on proper burial and preparation for the afterlife. Key terms defined include amulets, the Book of the Dead, cartonnage, embalming, hieroglyphics, the ibu, mourners, pyramids, sarcophagi, tombs, ushabti, and the weighing of the heart ceremony. The document emphasizes the sacred nature and purpose of the elaborate rituals and how they aimed to ensure success in the afterlife.
This assignment is for my advanced painting class. It is an introduction to illuminated manuscripts, and then I post the challenge for the students to create their own version of a "Designer Book" based on Valerie Kirschenbaum's book "Goodbye Gutenberg".
This assignment is for my advanced painting class. It is an introduction to illuminated manuscripts, and then I post the challenge for the students to create their own version of a "Designer Book" based on Valerie Kirschenbaum's book "Goodbye Gutenberg".
This presentations is a brief introduction to the Ancient Greek pottery, and includes all the main styles that flourished while the Greek empire existed.
The whole list of pottery styles discussed are:
- Minoan Pottery
- South Italian Pottery
- Geometric Pottery
- Corinthian Pottery
- Black Figure Pottery
- White Ground Pottery
- Red Figure Pottery
I really hope you find it interesting and useful!
Singapore as an entrepot in the 14th century (India and China trade links)LLoyd Yeo
These are lesson slides for Secondary One Students studying the history of Singapore in the 14th Century AD. The focus is on Chinese , Indian and Sri Lankan goods that Singapore probably imported as an entrepot. It also includes archaeological evidence of Signapore's links with ports of Quanzhou, Calicut and Galle (Sri Lanka).
These are slides for Sec One students learning the history of Singapore. The focus is on 14th century maritime trade routes in Southeast Asia. Who travelled on them? What were the religious, trade and cultural ideas which influenced Southeast Asia. It also focused on the concept of exports. What is the historical evidence and archaeological evidence of the kind of goods that Singapore exported?
This presentations is a brief introduction to the Ancient Greek pottery, and includes all the main styles that flourished while the Greek empire existed.
The whole list of pottery styles discussed are:
- Minoan Pottery
- South Italian Pottery
- Geometric Pottery
- Corinthian Pottery
- Black Figure Pottery
- White Ground Pottery
- Red Figure Pottery
I really hope you find it interesting and useful!
Singapore as an entrepot in the 14th century (India and China trade links)LLoyd Yeo
These are lesson slides for Secondary One Students studying the history of Singapore in the 14th Century AD. The focus is on Chinese , Indian and Sri Lankan goods that Singapore probably imported as an entrepot. It also includes archaeological evidence of Signapore's links with ports of Quanzhou, Calicut and Galle (Sri Lanka).
These are slides for Sec One students learning the history of Singapore. The focus is on 14th century maritime trade routes in Southeast Asia. Who travelled on them? What were the religious, trade and cultural ideas which influenced Southeast Asia. It also focused on the concept of exports. What is the historical evidence and archaeological evidence of the kind of goods that Singapore exported?
Oprah is a name synonymous with success, Lohra Miller highlights her success in a short presentation dedicated to her journey to the top of the women in business ranks!
Startups often finds difficult in understanding the basic content of a slides to pitch for an idea. Here i have tried to put forward my experiences of pitching to several funding agencies and business plan competitions.
Lohra Miller Turns Efforts on Helping RetailersLohra Miller
This is the news release of Lohra Miller, former District Attorney in Salt Lake County, Utah. Lohra Miller founded Turning Point Justice, where she can help petty offenders be held accountable for their actions, but can also educate them about the consequences. Through these tactics, Lohra is improving the future success and economy of these communities.
Система решений по модернизации сайтов Legenda Intelligent DevelopmentM18
— Создание новой архитектуры сайтов и разработка нового способа презентации smart-проектов.
• Новая архитектура;
• Система микросайтов;
• Компонентный подход и корпоративный сайт;
• Единый агрегатор недвижимости;
• Таймлайн;
— Разработка системы сквозного управления вниманием посетителя: сбор данных и создание формул поведения.
Lohra Miller highlights Marissa Miller this month as one of the most influential business women in the workforce today. Her dedication to excellence and living a balanced life is evident from her actions.
EGYPTIAN ARTS REFLECTS ITS CULTURE AND RELIGION. "Egyptian art" redirects here. For the art of modern Egypt, see Contemporary art in Egypt.
Art of ancient Egypt
The Mask of Tutankhamun; c. 1327 BC; gold, glass and semi-precious stones; height: 54 cm (21 in); Egyptian Museum (Cairo)
The Great Pyramid of Giza, constructed between c. 2580–2560 BC during the Old Kingdom period
History of art
Periods
Regions
Religions
Techniques
Types
vte
Ancient Egyptian art refers to art produced in ancient Egypt between the 6th millennium BC and the 4th century AD, spanning from Prehistoric Egypt until the Christianization of Roman Egypt. It includes paintings, sculptures, drawings on papyrus, faience, jewelry, ivories, architecture, and other art media. It is also very conservative: the art style changed very little over time. Much of the surviving art comes from tombs and monuments, giving more insight into the ancient Egyptian afterlife beliefs.
The ancient Egyptian language had no word for "art". Artworks served an essentially functional purpose that was bound with religion and ideology. To render a subject in art was to give it permanence. Therefore, ancient Egyptian art portrayed an idealized, unrealistic view of the world. There was no significant tradition of individual artistic expression since art served a wider and cosmic purpose of maintaining order (Ma'at).
The Early Dynastic Period of Egypt immediately follows the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, c. 3100 BC. It is generally taken to include the First and Second Dynasties, lasting from the end of the Naqada III archaeological period until about 2686 BC, or the beginning of the Old Kingdom.[8]
Cosmetic palettes reached a new level of sophistication during this period, in which the Egyptian writing system also experienced further development. Initially, Egyptian writing was composed primarily of a few symbols denoting amounts of various substances. In the cosmetic palettes, symbols were used together with pictorial descriptions. By the end of the Third Dynasty, this had been expanded to include more than 200 symbols, both phonograms and ideograms.[20]
The Middle Kingdom of Egypt (a.k.a. "The Period of Reunification") follows a period of political division known as the First Intermediate Period. The Middle Kingdom lasted from around 2050 BC to around 1710 BC, stretching from the reunification of Egypt under the reign of Mentuhotep II of the Eleventh Dynasty to the end of the Twelfth Dynasty. The Eleventh Dynasty ruled from Thebes and the Twelfth Dynasty ruled from el-Lisht. During the Middle Kingdom period, Osiris became the most important deity in popular religion.[24] The Middle Kingdom was followed by the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt, another period of division that involved foreign invasions of the country by the Hyksos of West Asia.
After the reunification of Egypt in the Middle Kingdom, the kings of the Eleventh and Twelfth Dynasties were able to return their focus to art. In the E
ncient Egyptian symbols were a great source of knowledge as it was necessary better to understand their history, daily life, and religions. Egyptian symbols were depicted in hieroglyphs signs, and these symbols were called "The words of God."
The most famous ancient Symbols for Egypt are the sphinx, the scarab, the ankh, the 'all-seeing' Eye of Horus, and the gods depicted with animal heads. They are shown in ancient Egyptian art, their artifacts, relics found in the tombs, temples, hieroglyphics, and the papyrus manuscripts of the ancient Egyptians.
THE ANCIENT GREEK ART
THE ANCIENT GREEK ART
Most influential cultures in the world.
Rich collection of myth, music, drama, and art.
Greek art started 3000 years ago.
GOLDEN AGES
ARCHAIC PERIOD
= EGYPTIAN INFLUENCE ART
CLASSICAL PERIOD
= IDEALISTIC ART, FULL PERFECTION BOTH SCULPTURE AND ARCHITECTURE.
THE HELLENIC ART
= TIME WHEN ARCHITECTURE
DECLINE
Five forms where Ancient Greek Arts Excelled
POTTERY
POTTERY
Primary for pottery.
Declaration became more figurative ( animals, human figures, and zoomorphs ).
Pottery was introduced by the corinthians.
ARCHITECTURE
DORIC COLUMN
Sturdy and plain.
Used in mainland Greece.
Temple of Hera
SCULPTURE
Influence by Egyptians and Syrians techniques.
Figures sculpted were mainly “Kouros and Kore”
PAINTING
Temples, buildings and tombs are decorated with fresco.
Fresco is a technique that we use of egg and wet plaster.
Tempera= mixture of egg, paint and water.
THE CLASSICAL PERIOD
POTTERY
Established Athens as the strongest city – state.
Popularity of ceramic and vases declined both in quality and artistic merit.
Used white-ground technique.
ARCHITECTURE
Doric and Ionic Columns remained during classical period.
Doric is described as more formal.
Ionic is more decorative and relaxed.
SCULPTURE
Anatomy became more accurate.
Statues became more realistic (human).
Bronze became the main medium.
Contrapposto was introduced.
FAMOUS SCULPTORS
MYRON Discus Thrower
Greatest sculptor of his time.
First to achieve life-like representation in figurative sculpture.
Gods, heroes and Athletes.
POLYKLEITOS Doryphorus
Sometimes called Elder.
Greatest sculptors of Classical Antiquity.
Known for his bronze sculptures.
CALLIMACHUS Muses
Poet, Critic and Scholar at the Library of Alexandria=largest library in ancient world.
Muses the nine goddesses of art.
HELLENISTIC PERIOD
HELLENISTIC PERIOD
Secular patrons influence sculpture and mosaic.
Wide range of pottery was produced.
But not given much importance.
SCULPTURE
CHARACTERISTICS
Naturalism was continually used.
Animals and ordinary people were accepted as major subject.
Although production of sculptures was increased, workmanship and creativity greatly suffered.
Greater expression characterized the sculptures of this period.
Colossus of Rhodes
The Three Graces
Borghese Gladiator
Venus De Milo
ARCHITECTURE
Temple of immense size
Theaters of similarly colossal
Storied colonel (stoa)
Public monument
Monumental tomb (mausoleum)
Council building (bouleuterion)
Processional gateway (propylon)
Stadium
Public square
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2. Amulet:
Good luck charms worn by the
ancient Egyptian people
•These Charms were also put on
mummies before burial
•Amulets varied in color and size
•Each amulet shape has a different
meaning, and brings different luck
3. Book of the Dead:
The book that gave the mummy
spells and help to reach the
afterlife
•Written on papyrus (Egyptian
Paper)
•Put into the coffin with the
mummy so he or she could pass
through to the afterlife
4. Cartonnage:
The layers of hardened fabric
used to cover the mummy
•These layers were hardened using a
glue like substance called stucco or
plaster
•These layers could then be painted
with different colors and symbols
5. Embalming:
The steps taken to preserve
the body for
mummification
•The people would prepare the body and then wrap
it in fabric
•This process was very sacred to the Egyptian
people
6. Hieroglyphics:
The written language of the
Ancient Egyptians
•Hieroglyphics are considered a
“pictographic” writing
•It is said that at any one time
the number of hieroglyphic
symbols was about 700
7. Ibu:
The place where the person
was taken after they had
died
• This was considered a ‘place of purification’
• This is where the body was cleansed before they
started the embalming process
• According to history, the structure of this building was
usually a tent
8. Mourners
People who would cry and
weep for the dead
• This was an important tradition of the Egyptian burial
ceremony
• For the rich and the Kings sometimes the mourners would
be hired
• During the funeral ceremony the mourners were often
accompanied by dancers, musicians, and priests
9. Pyramid:
The tombs for the burial of the
Kings and some Queens
•Another word for the pyramids is “mer”
•In order to build a single pyramid
it took a very large number of
workers
•There are over 100 pyramids that
have been discovered
10. Sarcophagus:
The hard coffin in which a
mummy was buried in
•These coffins could be made out of
several different materials
•During the different periods of
Egyptian history the forms of these
coffins changed in their shape and
decoration
11. Tombs:
The places where Egyptians
were buried
•The kings tombs were pyramids, but
those who were not royalty were
buried in the sides of hills
•The tombs of the common people
either had one room or several rooms
•The word tomb can be used to describe several different
types of burial sites
12. Ushabti:
Small figures placed in the
tomb with the mummy
•These small figures were considered “servants” to the
mummy during the afterlife
•These figures were made out of various materials
•The ushabti are among the most commonly found
artifacts from the ancient Egyptians
13. Weighing of the heart:
The ceremony where the
mummy is to be judged for
his or her life
•The way this ceremony is usually shown is through pictures
and hieroglyphics
•During this ceremony the mummy was to stand before Osiris
to face judgment
•Only those people whose soul is lighter than the feather of
truth could enter the next life
14. Ancient
Egypt and
the rituals of
the Dead
•As we can see from this vocabulary the Ancient
Egyptians placed high value on burial and the afterlife
•They focused on:
•How the rituals were performed
•Why they were sacred
•The importance of being prepared for the afterlife
15. Bibliography
• Slide 1 and 14 Image: by delphaber- CC Artibution
– http://www.flickr.com/photos/delphaber/3994606240/sizes/m/
• Slides 2-14 Image: by pareeerica- CC Artibution
– http://www.flickr.com/photos/8078381@N03/2713656310/
• Slides 2-14 Vocabulary words and Definitions:
– http://74.125.95.132/search?q=cache:0-hOFj-
yhm8J:www.childrensuniversity.manchester.ac.uk/interactives/history/egypt/muse
um/AncientEgyptianVocabulary.pdf+ancient+egypt+vocab&cd=2&hl=en&ct=clnk&g
l=us&client=firefox-a
• Slide 2 Image: by kotomigd- CC Artibution
– http://www.flickr.com/photos/kotomi-jewelry/2355278096/
• Slide 2 Supplementary Info:
– http://www.cedarseed.com/air/egyptamulets.html
• Slide 3 image: by soham_pablo- CC Artibution
– http://www.flickr.com/photos/soham_pablo/313836701/sizes/m/
