The government of every nation has a lot of data and information related to its own country. This information is mutually owned by different states, departments, and agencies within the country. These owners have their own corresponding websites and they decide which data they want to expose to the common public. However, as the data corresponding to the websites exists in silos, it cannot be connected across websites. This article looks at the challenges of the current website implementations of the Indian government and highlights the benefits that can be obtained by implementing Semantic Web Technologies
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Introduction to Empowerment Technology.
What is ICT?
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Status if ICT in the Philippines
Importance of ICT in the Philippine society
International conference On Computer Science And technologyanchalsinghdm
ICGCET 2019 | 5th International Conference on Green Computing and Engineering Technologies. The conference will be held on 7th September - 9th September 2019 in Morocco. International Conference On Engineering Technology
The conference aims to promote the work of researchers, scientists, engineers and students from across the world on advancement in electronic and computer systems.
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Web 3.0 aims to link devices and integrate data from various sources to generate new information streams and approaches for machines to connect to the web. It builds upon previous versions by enabling two-way communication and sharing of content across social networks from desktops, mobile websites, and apps. However, an official definition of Web 3.0 has not been established as it is still under development by organizations like W3C to link data through semantic technologies and allow interoperability across applications.
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This document provides an overview of the semantic web, semantic web mining, and semantic search engines. It discusses how the semantic web aims to make web data machine-readable through technologies like RDF and ontology. Semantic web mining involves extracting useful knowledge from the semantic web. Semantic search engines then allow users to retrieve more precise and meaningful data from the semantic web through the use of semantic technologies. The document outlines challenges for semantic search engines and opportunities for further research.
This document discusses various web resources for accessing information on the internet, including the World Wide Web (WWW), search engines, and wikis. It notes that the WWW allows for storage and retrieval of various digital files through HTTP. Popular search engines like Google and Yahoo allow users to search for information on websites through keyword searches. Wikis are websites that allow easy creation and editing of interlinked web pages by users. Overall, the document outlines different types of web resources and how they can provide vast amounts of information on various topics.
Gov 2.0 - eGovernment Social Media Platform Deployments and Future OpportunitiesNIC Inc | EGOV
This document discusses the potential for governments to adopt "Gov 2.0" strategies that incorporate social media and collaboration tools modeled after successful Web 2.0 implementations in private enterprises. It outlines some initial Gov 2.0 projects but notes that broad enterprise-level implementations are still lacking. The document advocates that governments start by implementing basic Web 2.0 features like blogs, wikis and RSS feeds to provide more information to citizens and opportunities for feedback, and that policies will develop alongside implementation experiences over time. Web 2.0 is seen as able to improve data access, public participation and customer service for governments if adopted responsibly.
Improve information retrieval and e learning usingIJwest
The Web-based education and E-Learning has become a very important branch of new educational technology. E-learning and Web-based courses offer advantages for learners by making access to resources and learning objects very fast, just-in-time and relevance, at any time or place. Web based Learning Management Systems should focus on how to satisfy the e-learners needs and it may advise a learner with most suitable resources and learning objects. But Because of many limitations using web 2.0 for creating E-learning management system, now-a-days we use Web 3.0 which is known as Semantic web. It is a platform to represent E-learning management system that recovers the limitations of Web 2.0.In this paper we present “improve information retrieval and e-learning using mobile agent based on semantic web technology”. This paper focuses on design and implementation of knowledge-based industrial reusable, interactive, web-based training activities at the sea ports and logistics sector and use e-learning system and semantic web to deliver the learning objects to learners in an interactive, adaptive and flexible manner. We use semantic web and mobile agent to improve Library and courses Search. The architecture presented in this paper is considered an adaptation model that converts from syntactic search to semantic search. We apply the training at Damietta port in Egypt as a real-world case study. we present one of possible applications of mobile agent technology based on semantic web to management of Web Services, this model improve the information retrieval and E-learning system.
Introduction to Empowerment Technology.pptxJerome Bigael
Introduction to Empowerment Technology.
What is ICT?
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Status if ICT in the Philippines
Importance of ICT in the Philippine society
International conference On Computer Science And technologyanchalsinghdm
ICGCET 2019 | 5th International Conference on Green Computing and Engineering Technologies. The conference will be held on 7th September - 9th September 2019 in Morocco. International Conference On Engineering Technology
The conference aims to promote the work of researchers, scientists, engineers and students from across the world on advancement in electronic and computer systems.
Document of presentation(web 3.0)(part 2)Abhishek Roy
Web 3.0 aims to link devices and integrate data from various sources to generate new information streams and approaches for machines to connect to the web. It builds upon previous versions by enabling two-way communication and sharing of content across social networks from desktops, mobile websites, and apps. However, an official definition of Web 3.0 has not been established as it is still under development by organizations like W3C to link data through semantic technologies and allow interoperability across applications.
Information Organisation for the Future Web: with Emphasis to Local CIRs inventionjournals
Semantic Web is evolving as meaningful extension of present web using ontology. Ontology can play an important role in structuring the content in the current web to lead this as new generation web. Domain information can be organized using ontology to help machine to interact with the data for the retrieval of exact information quickly. Present paper tries to organize community information resources covering the area of local information need and evaluate the system using SPARQL from the developed ontology.
IRJET- Semantic Web Mining and Semantic Search Engine: A ReviewIRJET Journal
This document provides an overview of the semantic web, semantic web mining, and semantic search engines. It discusses how the semantic web aims to make web data machine-readable through technologies like RDF and ontology. Semantic web mining involves extracting useful knowledge from the semantic web. Semantic search engines then allow users to retrieve more precise and meaningful data from the semantic web through the use of semantic technologies. The document outlines challenges for semantic search engines and opportunities for further research.
This document discusses various web resources for accessing information on the internet, including the World Wide Web (WWW), search engines, and wikis. It notes that the WWW allows for storage and retrieval of various digital files through HTTP. Popular search engines like Google and Yahoo allow users to search for information on websites through keyword searches. Wikis are websites that allow easy creation and editing of interlinked web pages by users. Overall, the document outlines different types of web resources and how they can provide vast amounts of information on various topics.
This document discusses various topics related to information and communication technology (ICT), including:
1. The definition and goals of ICT in establishing unified communication methods.
2. Trends in ICT like convergence of technologies, the rise of social media, and growing use of mobile technologies.
3. Evolutions of the World Wide Web from static Web 1.0 pages to dynamic Web 2.0 pages that enable user participation, and the future potential of semantic Web 3.0.
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The document discusses the evolution of the web from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0. Web 1.0 consisted of static pages that users could not manipulate. Web 2.0 introduced dynamic pages that allowed user interaction through features like user accounts, comments, and file uploads. Web 3.0, also called the Semantic Web, aims to make data reusable across applications using semantic metadata and technologies like machine learning, distributed ledgers, and artificial intelligence to process information in a more human-like, intelligent way.
This document provides information about Information and Communication Technology (ICT). It defines ICT as dealing with the use of technologies like mobile phones, computers, the internet, and other devices as well as software and applications to locate, save, send, and manipulate information. It notes that ICT has greatly contributed to how easy lives are today. It also discusses key aspects of ICT in the Philippines and provides definitions and descriptions of common technologies like computers, the internet, web pages, and websites. It compares static versus dynamic web pages and outlines features of Web 1.0, Web 2.0, and Web 3.0. The document concludes with an activity asking learners to consider how ICT has influenced people's lives by researching
Jagannath Institute Of Management Sciences, Vasant Kunj-II is one of the best BCA institutes. Dr. Arpana Shares here the Notes of Web Technologies. JIMS teaches the subject in III semester.
According to the document, there are several current trends in information and communication technologies (ICT). These include increased use of artificial intelligence, machine learning, robotic process automation, edge computing, quantum computing, virtual and augmented reality, blockchain, the internet of things, 5G networks, and continued advancements in cybersecurity. All of these technologies are driving innovation and changing how people interact and businesses operate.
Put Your Desktop in the Cloud In Support of the Open Government Directive and...guest1e3ee089
Proposal:
Session Objectives
Key Audiences
Session Format
Key Questions to be Addressed
Session Participants
AV and Other Requirements
Tutorial Materials:
Background
EPA Enterprise Architecture (Land and Water)
EPA Ontology Standard (Faceted Search and Desktop Versions)
MyAirQuality (iPhone App developed by NOAA)
This document provides an overview of the evolution of the World Wide Web from Web 1.0 to present-day Web 2.0 and predictions about future developments in Web 3.0. It describes key characteristics of Web 1.0, the rise of Web 2.0 principles like using the web as a platform and allowing user contributions, and potential capabilities of Semantic Web technologies to enable more intelligent searching in Web 3.0.
Put Your Desktop in the Cloud In Support of the Open Government Directive and...guest8c518a8
As part of “Put Your Desktop in the Cloud to Support the Open Government Directive and Data.gov/semantic”, I believe that each government employee should:
Create an Open Government Webpage;
Create an Open Government Dashboard; and
Publish Three or More Data Sets.
E-governance refers to the use of information technologies like websites, mobile applications, and other digital tools to improve access to government services and information. This document discusses several key aspects of e-governance including theoretical background, issues, evolution and models.
It provides context that e-governance aims to improve efficiency, transparency and accountability in government. Theoretical discussions of e-governance date back to the 1970s, while the term emerged in the late 1990s. Issues discussed include technological challenges, funding issues, and risks like loss of privacy and accessibility concerns.
Models of e-governance outlined include broadcasting of public information, disseminating critical data to target groups, comparative
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The document discusses several topics related to information and communication technologies (ICT). It begins by defining ICT and its uses. It then discusses the evolution of the internet from Web 1.0 to Web 2.0 and Web 3.0. Web 2.0 allows for more dynamic and interactive web pages while Web 3.0 aims to have machines understand user preferences. The document also outlines key features of Web 2.0 like tagging and user participation. Finally, it discusses trends in ICT like convergence of technologies, the rise of social media, mobile technologies, and assistive media.
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a. compare and contrast the nuances of varied online platforms, sites, and content to best achieve specific class objectives or address situational challenges (CS_ICT11/12-ICTPT-Ia-b-1);
b. share plans on how to use your knowledge on the different trends in ICT; and
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This document summarizes approaches for semantic data integration for e-governance. It discusses how semantic technologies using ontologies can help integrate heterogeneous data sources for improved e-government services. Current data integration approaches like data warehousing have limitations that semantic approaches can address. The document outlines challenges in current workflows and different approaches to semantic data management including using RDF, OWL and mapping relational databases to semantic models. It argues that semantic data integration using ontologies can provide a unified view of data to enable improved cross-agency information sharing and services for both governments and users.
The document discusses the evolution of the World Wide Web from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0. Web 1.0 focused on static, read-only pages and basic hyperlinking. Web 2.0 enabled user-generated content and social networking. Web 3.0 aims to make the web more intelligent through semantic annotation and artificial intelligence to better understand user needs. It also discusses some key applications and limitations of each stage of the web's development.
L1 Introduction to Information and Communication Technology.pptxJanineBatungbakal2
This document provides an introduction to information and communication technologies (ICT). It discusses the evolution of the World Wide Web from static Web 1.0 pages to dynamic Web 2.0 pages that allow user interaction and participation. Key features of Web 2.0 like tagging and reviewing are described. The document outlines the goals of Web 3.0 to have machines understand user preferences to deliver personalized content along with challenges. Emerging trends in ICT like convergence, social media, mobile technologies, and assistive media are also summarized.
Facial Feature Recognition Using Biometricsijbuiiir1
Face recognition is one of the few biometric methods that possess the merits of both high accuracy and low intrusiveness. Biometric requires no physical interaction on behalf of the user. Biometric allows to perform passive identification in a one to many environments. Passwords and PINs are hard to remember and can be stolen or guessed; cards, tokens, keys and the like can be misplaced, forgotten, purloined or duplicated; magnetic cards can become corrupted and unreadable. However individuals biological traits cannot be misplaced, forgotten, stolen or forged.
Partial Image Retrieval Systems in Luminance and Color Invariants : An Empiri...ijbuiiir1
Color of the surface is one of the most imperative characteristics in the process of recognition as well as classification of the object which is based on camera. On the other hand, color of the object sometimes differs a lot due to the difference in illumination as well as the conditions of the surface. Utilization of the diverse features of the color gets impeded due to such variations. However, Characterization of the color of the object is possible with a controlling tool known as color invariants without considering the factors such asillumination and conditions of the surface. In the research proposal, analysis has been done on the estimation procedure related to RGB images color invariants. Object color is an imperative descriptor that can find the corresponding matching object in applications based on image matching as well as search, like- Object searching based on template and CBIR otherwise known as Content Based Image Retrieval. But, many times it has been observed that the apparent color of different objects gets varied significantly due to illumination, conditions of the surface as well as observation (Finlayson et al., 1996)
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Jagannath Institute Of Management Sciences, Vasant Kunj-II is one of the best BCA institutes. Dr. Arpana Shares here the Notes of Web Technologies. JIMS teaches the subject in III semester.
According to the document, there are several current trends in information and communication technologies (ICT). These include increased use of artificial intelligence, machine learning, robotic process automation, edge computing, quantum computing, virtual and augmented reality, blockchain, the internet of things, 5G networks, and continued advancements in cybersecurity. All of these technologies are driving innovation and changing how people interact and businesses operate.
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Session Objectives
Key Audiences
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Key Questions to be Addressed
Session Participants
AV and Other Requirements
Tutorial Materials:
Background
EPA Enterprise Architecture (Land and Water)
EPA Ontology Standard (Faceted Search and Desktop Versions)
MyAirQuality (iPhone App developed by NOAA)
This document provides an overview of the evolution of the World Wide Web from Web 1.0 to present-day Web 2.0 and predictions about future developments in Web 3.0. It describes key characteristics of Web 1.0, the rise of Web 2.0 principles like using the web as a platform and allowing user contributions, and potential capabilities of Semantic Web technologies to enable more intelligent searching in Web 3.0.
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As part of “Put Your Desktop in the Cloud to Support the Open Government Directive and Data.gov/semantic”, I believe that each government employee should:
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Create an Open Government Dashboard; and
Publish Three or More Data Sets.
E-governance refers to the use of information technologies like websites, mobile applications, and other digital tools to improve access to government services and information. This document discusses several key aspects of e-governance including theoretical background, issues, evolution and models.
It provides context that e-governance aims to improve efficiency, transparency and accountability in government. Theoretical discussions of e-governance date back to the 1970s, while the term emerged in the late 1990s. Issues discussed include technological challenges, funding issues, and risks like loss of privacy and accessibility concerns.
Models of e-governance outlined include broadcasting of public information, disseminating critical data to target groups, comparative
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This document describes a proposed mobile application to improve awareness of government schemes in India. The application would connect citizens to government schemes tailored to their eligibility by allowing users to input personal details and receive matching scheme recommendations. It would provide detailed scheme information and application instructions. The developers would create a backend database for government administrators to easily manage scheme details by adding, editing, or removing schemes. The application aims to better inform citizens of available welfare programs and reduce government advertising costs. It was motivated by the difficulty individuals face searching across numerous schemes on government websites.
The document discusses several topics related to information and communication technologies (ICT). It begins by defining ICT and its uses. It then discusses the evolution of the internet from Web 1.0 to Web 2.0 and Web 3.0. Web 2.0 allows for more dynamic and interactive web pages while Web 3.0 aims to have machines understand user preferences. The document also outlines key features of Web 2.0 like tagging and user participation. Finally, it discusses trends in ICT like convergence of technologies, the rise of social media, mobile technologies, and assistive media.
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Web was developed to share information among the users through internet as some hyperlinked documents.
If someone wants to collect some data from the web he has to search and crawl through the documents to
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data. So, besides the web of connected documents a new web developed both for humans and machines, i.e.,
the web of connected data, simply known as Linked Data Web. Since it is a very new domain, still a very
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The document discusses the evolution of the World Wide Web from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0. Web 1.0 focused on static, read-only pages and basic hyperlinking. Web 2.0 enabled user-generated content and social networking. Web 3.0 aims to make the web more intelligent through semantic annotation and artificial intelligence to better understand user needs. It also discusses some key applications and limitations of each stage of the web's development.
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Today we have an abundant increase in the development of Information and Technology, which inturn made the Humans body even to carry a Mini- Computer in their Palms with Screen touch, Ex: Smart phone�s & Tablets etc., and parallel with the rich Enhancement in the Wireless Body Sensor Units, it is quite useful to the Enrichment of the Medical Treatment to be perfectly useful, comfortable via Smart Phones Using the networks (2G & 3G) carriers and made the treatment very easy even to the Common person in the society with the low cost money. With these the healthcare Authorities can treat the Patients (medical users) remotely where the patients reside at home or company or school or college or anywhere or at various places they work. This type of a treatment called for MHealthcare (Mobile- Healthcare). Although in the mhealthcare service there are many security and data Private problems to be overcome. Here we have A Secure and Private- Preserving Opportunistic Computing Framework called M-HealthCare, for Mobile-Healthcare Emergency. Using the Smart phone and SPOC, the Software or Hardware like computing power and energy can be gathered opportunistically to process the intensive Personal Health Information (PHI) of the medical user when he/she is in critical situation with minimal Private Disclosure. And also we introduce an efficient usercentric Private access control in SPOC Framework which is based on attribute access control and a new privatepreserving scalar product computation (PPSPC) technique and Makes a medical user (patient) to participate in opportunistic computing in transmitting his PHI data. Elaborated security analysis describes that the proposed SPOC framework can efficiently achieve usercentric Private access control in M-Healthcare emergency. In this paper we introduce Private-Preserving Support for Mobile Healthcare using Message Digest where we have used MD5 algorithm ,which can certainly achieves an efficient way and minimizes the memory consumed and the large amount of PHI data of the medical user (patient) is reduced to a fixed amount of size compared to AES which parallels increases the Speed of the data to be sent to TA without any delay which in-turn the professionals at Healthcare center can get exactly the Recent tablet user PHI data and can save their lives in correct time. As the algorithm is provided tight security in transmitting the patients PHI to TA. In respective performance evaluations with extensive simulations explains the MD (message digest) effectiveness in-term of providing high-reliable Personal Health Information (PHI) process and transmission while reducing the Private disclosure during Mobile-Healthcare emergency
A Survey on Implementation of Discrete Wavelet Transform for Image Denoisingijbuiiir1
Image Denoising has been a well studied problem in the field of image processing. Images are often received in defective conditions due to poor scanning and transmitting devices. Consequently, it creates problems for the subsequent process to read and understand such images. Removing noise from the original signal is still a challenging problem for researchers because noise removal introduces artifacts and causes blurring of the images. There have been several published algorithms and each approach has its assumptions, advantages, and limitations. This paper deals with using discrete wavelet transform derived features used for digital image texture analysis to denoise an image even in the presence of very high ratio of noise. Image Denoising is devised as a regression problem between the noise and signals, therefore, Wavelets appear to be a suitable tool for this task, because they allow analysis of images at various levels of resolution.
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Methodologies on user Behavior Analysis and Future Request Prediction in Web ...ijbuiiir1
Web Usage Mining is a kind of web mining which provides knowledge about user navigation behavior and gets the interesting patterns from web. Web usage mining refers to the mechanical invention and scrutiny of patterns in click stream and linked data treated as a consequence of user interactions with web resources on one or more web sites. Identify the need and interest of the user and its useful for upgrade web Sources. Web site developers they can update their web site according to their attention. In this paper discuss about the different types of Methodologies which has been carried out in previous research work for Discovering User Behavior and Predicting the Future Request.
Innovative Analytic and Holistic Combined Face Recognition and Verification M...ijbuiiir1
Automatic recognition and verification of human faces is a significant problem in the development and application of Human Computer Interaction (HCI).In addition, the demand for reliable personal identification in computerized access control has resulted in an increased interest in biometrics to replace password and identification (ID) card. Over the last couple of years, face recognition researchers have been developing new techniques fuelled by the advances in computer vision techniques, Design of computers, sensors and in fast emerging face recognition systems. In this paper, a Face Recognition and Verification System has been designed which is robust to variations of illumination, pose and facial expression but very sensitive to variations of the features of the face. This design reckons in the holistic or global as well as the analyticor geometric features of the face of the human beings. The global structure of the human face is analysed by Principal Component Analysis while the features of the local structure are computed considering the geometric features of the face such as the eyes, nose and the mouth. The extracted local features of the face are trained and later tested using Artificial Neural Network (ANN). This combined approach of the global and the local structure of the face image is proved very effective in the system we have designed as it has a correct recognition rate of over 90%.
Enhancing Effective Interoperability Between Mobile Apps Using LCIM Modelijbuiiir1
Levels of conceptual interoperability model is used to develop the method and model towards enhancing interoperability among mobile apps. The LCIM is used as descriptive and prescriptive form and it also make available of both metric of the degree of conceptual representation that exists between interoperating systems. In descriptive form LCIM is used to decrease the discrepancies in rating mobile apps based on content by suggesting a rating system that is completely based on interoperability. In the prescriptive form it receives information for app development, which allows producing apps with prominent level of interoperability. The Levels of Conceptual Interoperability has the abstract backbone for developing and implementing an interoperability framework that supports to exchange of XML based languages used by M&S systems across the web
Deployment of Intelligent Transport Systems Based on User Mobility to be Endo...ijbuiiir1
The emerging increase in vehicles and very high traffic, demands the need for improved Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). The available ITSs do not meet all the requirements of the present day situation in providing safetravels and avoidance of congestionin spite of its limitations on road. Intelligent Transport Systemsrequiremore research and implementation of better solutions on the traffic network with increased mobility and more rapid acquisition of data by sense network technology. In this paper a review is made on the present ITS where research is required so that improvement in the course of implementing reality mining can enhance the behavior of ITS. This will breed a forward leap in the improvement of safety and convenience of personal and commercial travel and in turn guarantee an ultimate drop in fatality in the society
Stock Prediction Using Artificial Neural Networksijbuiiir1
This document describes a study that uses artificial neural networks to predict stock prices. It discusses justifying the use of ANNs for stock price forecasting due to their ability to model nonlinear relationships without prior assumptions. The study develops a neural network with input layer containing stock data (e.g. price, volume), a hidden layer, and output layer to predict future closing prices. The network is trained on 70% of stock data from four companies and tested on remaining 30% to evaluate performance using error metrics.
Indian Language Text Representation and Categorization Using Supervised Learn...ijbuiiir1
India is the home of different languages, due to its cultural and geographical diversity. The official and regional languages of India play an important role in communication among the people living in the country. In the Constitution of India, a provision is made for each of the Indian states to choose their own official language for communicating at the state level for official purpose. In the eighth schedule as of May 2008, there are 22 official languages in India.The availability of constantly increasing amount of textual data of various Indian regional languages in electronic form has accelerated. So the Classification of text documents based on languages is essential. The objective of the work is the representation and categorization of Indian language text documents using text mining techniques. South Indian language corpus such as Kannada, Tamil and Telugu language corpus, has been created. Several text mining techniques such as naive Bayes classifier, k-Nearest-Neighbor classifier and decision tree for text categorization have been used.There is not much work done in text categorization in Indian languages. Text categorization in Indian languages is challenging as Indian languages are very rich in morphology. In this paper an attempt has been made to categories Indian language text using text mining algorithms
Highly Secured Online Voting System (OVS) Over Networkijbuiiir1
Internet voting systems have gained popularity and have been used for government elections and referendums in the United Kingdom, Estonia and Switzerland as well as municipal elections in Canada and party primary elections in the United States. Voting system can involve transmission of ballots and votes via private computer networks or the Internet. Electronic voting technology can speed the counting of ballots and can provide improved accessibility for disabled voters. The aim of this paper is to people who have citizenship of India and whose age is above 18 years and of any sex can give their vote through online without going to any physical polling station. Election Commission Officer (Election Commission Officer who will verify whether registered user and candidates are authentic or not) to participate in online voting. This online voting system is highly secured, and its design is very simple, ease of use and also reliable. The proposed software is developed and tested to work on Ethernet and allows online voting. It also creates and manages voting and an election detail as all the users must login by user name and password and click on his favorable candidates to register vote. This will increase the voting percentage in India. By applying high security it will reduce false votes.
Software Developers Performance relationship with Cognitive Load Using Statis...ijbuiiir1
This study examined the relationship between software developers' performance and their cognitive workload using statistical measures. The researchers collected data on 250 employees, 15 projects, and cognitive loads like mental, physical, and temporal demands. They calculated correlations, regressions, and other statistics to analyze the relationships between performance factors, cognitive loads, and external factors like regularity and reporting. The results showed most factors were significantly related, like performance being positively correlated with cognitive load. This provides a measurable analysis of how developers' cognitive loads relate to their performance on assigned tasks.
Wireless Health Monitoring System Using ZigBeeijbuiiir1
Recent developments in off-the-shelf wireless embedded computing boards and the increasing need for efficient health monitoring systems, fueled by the increasing number of patients, has prompted R&D professionals to explore better health monitoring systems that are both mobile and cheap. This work investigates the feasibility of using the ZigBee embedded technology in health-related monitoring applications. Selected vital signs of patients are acquired using sensor nodes and readings are transmitted wirelessly using devices that utilize the ZigBee communications protocols. A prototype system has been developed and tested with encouraging results
Image Compression Using Discrete Cosine Transform & Discrete Wavelet Transformijbuiiir1
This research paper presents a proposed method for the compression of medical images using hybrid compression technique (DWT, DCT and Huffman coding). The objective of this hybrid scheme is to achieve higher compression rates by first applying DWT and DCT on individual components RGB. After applying this image is quantized to calculate probability index for each unique quantity so as to find out the unique binary code for each unique symbol for their encoding. Finally the Huffman compression is applied. Results show that the coding performance can be significantly improved by the hybrid DWT, DCT and Huffman coding algorithm
Agile development methodologies are very promising in the software industry. Agile development techniques are very realistic n understanding the fact that requirement in a business environment changes constantly. Agile development processes optimize the opportunity provided by cloud computing by doing software release iteratively and getting user feedback more frequently. The research work, a study on Agile Methods and cloud computing. This paper analyzes the Agile Management and development methods and its benefits with cloud computing. Combining agile development methodology with cloud computing brings the best of both worlds. A business strategy, the outcomes of which optimize profitability revenue and customer satisfaction by organizing around customer segments, fostering customer-satisfying behaviors, and implementing customer-centric processes
This document summarizes previous research on securing SOA (Service Oriented Architecture). It discusses frameworks and models that have been proposed for SOA security, including SAVT, ISOAS, and FIX. It also discusses approaches using automata, data mining, and attack graphs. The proposed model in this document is a secure web-based SOA that uses three layers of services (IT services, security policy infrastructure, and business services) with an embedded security module based on PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) to provide encryption and authentication. The model aims to provide both security and flexibility while maintaining interoperability.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Tools & Techniques for Commissioning and Maintaining PV Systems W-Animations ...Transcat
Join us for this solutions-based webinar on the tools and techniques for commissioning and maintaining PV Systems. In this session, we'll review the process of building and maintaining a solar array, starting with installation and commissioning, then reviewing operations and maintenance of the system. This course will review insulation resistance testing, I-V curve testing, earth-bond continuity, ground resistance testing, performance tests, visual inspections, ground and arc fault testing procedures, and power quality analysis.
Fluke Solar Application Specialist Will White is presenting on this engaging topic:
Will has worked in the renewable energy industry since 2005, first as an installer for a small east coast solar integrator before adding sales, design, and project management to his skillset. In 2022, Will joined Fluke as a solar application specialist, where he supports their renewable energy testing equipment like IV-curve tracers, electrical meters, and thermal imaging cameras. Experienced in wind power, solar thermal, energy storage, and all scales of PV, Will has primarily focused on residential and small commercial systems. He is passionate about implementing high-quality, code-compliant installation techniques.
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Agile Methodology: Before Agile – Waterfall, Agile Development.
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdfAtif Razi
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
Generative AI Use cases applications solutions and implementation.pdfmahaffeycheryld
Generative AI solutions encompass a range of capabilities from content creation to complex problem-solving across industries. Implementing generative AI involves identifying specific business needs, developing tailored AI models using techniques like GANs and VAEs, and integrating these models into existing workflows. Data quality and continuous model refinement are crucial for effective implementation. Businesses must also consider ethical implications and ensure transparency in AI decision-making. Generative AI's implementation aims to enhance efficiency, creativity, and innovation by leveraging autonomous generation and sophisticated learning algorithms to meet diverse business challenges.
https://www.leewayhertz.com/generative-ai-use-cases-and-applications/
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
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Build the Next Generation of Apps with the Einstein 1 Platform.
Rejoignez Philippe Ozil pour une session de workshops qui vous guidera à travers les détails de la plateforme Einstein 1, l'importance des données pour la création d'applications d'intelligence artificielle et les différents outils et technologies que Salesforce propose pour vous apporter tous les bénéfices de l'IA.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELijaia
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
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Open Channel Flow: fluid flow with a free surfaceIndrajeet sahu
Open Channel Flow: This topic focuses on fluid flow with a free surface, such as in rivers, canals, and drainage ditches. Key concepts include the classification of flow types (steady vs. unsteady, uniform vs. non-uniform), hydraulic radius, flow resistance, Manning's equation, critical flow conditions, and energy and momentum principles. It also covers flow measurement techniques, gradually varied flow analysis, and the design of open channels. Understanding these principles is vital for effective water resource management and engineering applications.
SENTIMENT ANALYSIS ON PPT AND Project template_.pptx
A Study on Enhancing E-Governance Applications through Semantic Web Technologies
1. Integrated Intelligent Research (IIR) International Journal of Web Technology
Volume: 01 Issue: 02 December 2012 Page No.28-32
ISSN: 2278-2389
28
A Study on Enhancing E-Governance Applications
through Semantic Web Technologies
Mr.Bonson Sebastian Mampilli, J. Meenakumari
Department of Computer Science, Christ University, Bangalore, India
bonsonsm@yahoo.com, meenakumari.j@christuniversity.in
Abstract- The government of every nation has a lot of
data and information related to its own country. This
information is mutually owned by different states,
departments, and agencies within the country. These
owners have their own corresponding websites and they
decide which data they want to expose to the common
public. However, as the data corresponding to the
websites exists in silos, it cannot be connected across
websites. This article looks at the challenges of the
current website implementations of the Indian
government and highlights the benefits that can be
obtained by implementing Semantic Web Technologies.
Keywords- E-Government; Semantic Web; Public
Service; Portal; Semantic Web Services; Linked Open
Data; RDF.
I. INTRODUCTION
The current implementations of the websites of the Indian
Government are based on Web 1.0 or Web 2.0. In these
implementations, there is a lot of content that is scattered
and spread across various websites. There is a need to
look at ways to use technology to bring the meta data and
content related to them under one umbrella and centralize
them while at the same time give the end user the
freedom to use data as a de-centralized separate unit.
When such a system is implemented in totality, the size
of the data managed as a single repository for the entire
country will be very large. The benefits of having all the
data is dependent on our ability to derive or inference
information from it. The benefits derived from these large
sets of data can be increased if the all the data is stored on
the websites in a way that the data can be “understood”
by machines and processed as required to provide
required information. It would be better if this processing
happens without human intervention. Semantic Web [3],
also known as Web 3.0, is a step in this direction. The
Semantic Web is the future of the Internet as envisioned
by Tim Berners-Lee, the creator of the Internet.
Although artificial intelligence has been studied a lot, the
benefits that a normal user derives from artificial
intelligence are very limited. It is envisioned that users of
the Internet will benefit from the Semantic Web in the
future as concepts of artificial intelligence get
implemented easily in web-based applications.The use of
Semantic Web Technologies for web implementations in
E-Governance will benefit end users as well as the
decision makers in the government. The end users would
be able to get a transparent view of the system in work
and provide their thoughts on the same. At the same time
the various government agencies would be able to do
proper data analysis and decide on the future course of
actions in a more accurate manner.
II. SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE
This paper aims to examine the issues in implementation
of Semantic Web Technologies in E-Governance. The
paper details out the current implementations of websites
and the challenges faced in them. The paper also explains
in brief the recent new venture by the Indian government
into implementation of Semantic Web Technologies and
the challenges faced by them.This paper will give an
opening for Semantic Web Technologies to provide better
Governance solutions that can benefit the citizens of the
country as well as the governing agencies.
III.CURRENT IMPLEMENTATIONS
The Government of India has laid down usability
guidelines for web-based interfaces that need to be
adhered to for sites developed for the government [7].
These guidelines make sure that the websites created for
the Government of India are universally accessible. Some
of the guidelines are mentioned below:
Easy Accessibility: Making sure that visually
challenged or specially abled users can easily access
the website. This is done by giving the end user the
option to increase or decrease the contrast or font size.
Screen Readers: Making the website accessible to
screen readers.
Scope of Content: Specifying the way in which
documents, forms, circulars, and other information is
shared on the website.
Quality of Content: Specifying items related to the
way content is displayed and the English language is
used in the website.
Design: Specifying the layout and the features
available to the user to modify the content.
Development: Specifying guidelines for development
and testing of the website.
2. Integrated Intelligent Research (IIR) International Journal of Web Technology
Volume: 01 Issue: 02 December 2012 Page No.28-32
ISSN: 2278-2389
29
A quick search and scan through the Government of India
websites reveals that the main website of the Indian
Government is http://india.gov.in. Hereafter, the main
website of the Indian Government shall be refered to as
the “parent website”. This website contains a lot of
content and information. Along with all the content and
information, the parent website also has links that provide
information about the state and the details related to
different departments or offices of each state. Each of the
states and their corresponding departments have separate
websites that detail out complete information specific to
their area. For Example: The Ministry of Finance has the
site http://finmin.nic.in and the Department of Electronics
and Information Technology has the site
http://deity.gov.in. These are at a country level. Similarly
the state of Uttarakhand has its own site as
http://www.governoruk.gov.in. All the mentioned
websites have URLs to different subpages and also
various other resources like forms, images, etc., which
can be downloaded by the end user as required.
IV.ISSUES IN CURRENT IMPLEMENTATIONS
Looking at the current web based implementations, it is
clear that while the base context is the same, there are
multiple websites dealing with different aspects of the
Indian government. These independent websites have
their own databases and data processing logics and all
these websites exist as silos and are not connected to each
other. The current implementation of the government
websites have issues that need to be addressed. These
include [6]:
A. Data inconsistency across portals
Data related to a particular topic may relate to multiple
agencies/department websites as they may be overlapping
in nature. This may lead to confusion in the minds of end
users as to which websites need to be referred to for the
information. More importantly, will the data be stored in
both the databases that are used by the two different
websites? Or will it be maintained at a single location?
How will they be updated or managed? For example, if
an end user wants to know information related to the
financial budget for Bangalore, the user might be
confused on whether to go to the Ministry of Finance
website of the Indian Government or to the website of
Karnataka and search for finance information over there
or to the Bangalore Development Authority site.
B. Inadequate support for the Information explosion
The current government websites have created very large
sets of information that are available to the general public
for viewing and use. The data and resources of these
websites is increasing daily, as there is a lot of
information that relates to different aspects of society,
including government announcements, employment, and
policies, to name a few. As the information keeps
increasing, it is becoming clear that a better mechanism
for storage and retrieval of data needs to be present as the
current mechanism will soon turn outdated and slow.
C. Available information cannot be processed by
machines
All the information available on the web is in HTML
format that is readable and understandable by humans.
But it is not in a format that can be understood by
machines to do any form of processing. Therefore,
although there is information available on the website, it
cannot be used by multiple applications automatically for
any processing. There is human intervention required for
extracting the data and then using it in other applications
for use.For all the problems mentioned above, Semantic
Web Technologies looks like one of the most promising
answers.
V. SEMANTIC WEB – WEB 3.0
Web content can be read by humans by going to a
specific URL and reading up the available information.
The content or the data available on the website cannot be
processed by machines. This is because a common global
standard for data and website implementation does not
exist across websites. Semantic Web has laid down the
standards to be followed so that structure can be brought
into web content such that developers can develop
semantic web agents that can access these web pages
automatically and have inference power to conduct
automated reasoning [4]. There are multiple terms or
technologies that together make the Semantic Web. They
are described below:
A. Resource Description Framework (RDF)
The challenge for semantic web is to be able to provide a
language for both the data as well as the rules for
reasoning about the data. The meaning is expressed in
RDF as triples [3]. Each triple contains a subject,
predicate, and an object. If two terms have the same
meaning, then the ontology provides a third basic
component of the Semantic Web that formally defines the
relationship among terms. There are multiple RDF
formats likes RDF/XML, Turtle and N3.
B. Linked Open Data
To realise the full potential of the web, it is essential to
have all the web data to be available as a single global
system. This is the concept of Linked Open Data (LOD)
where different organisations, government agencies or
individuals upload their data on to the web such that it is
interconnected and at the same time accessible by
semantic web-enabled applications. Linked data is mainly
about publishing structured data in RDF using URIs [9].
It refers to a set of best practices to be followed for
publishing and connecting structured data over the
Internet [3]. Semantic Web applications rely on people
3. Integrated Intelligent Research (IIR) International Journal of Web Technology
Volume: 01 Issue: 02 December 2012 Page No.28-32
ISSN: 2278-2389
30
and organizations publishing their data on to the Linked
Open Data cloud in a structured format. Tim Berners-Lee
outlined the set of principles known as the Linked Data
principles to be followed when publishing data on the
web. The linked data principles [10] are as follows:
Use URIs as names for things.
Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those
names.
When someone looks up in a URI, provide useful
information, using the standards (RDF, SPARQL).
Include links to other URIs so that they can discover
more things.
Every Linked Open Data (LOD) dataset can be
understood as a Semantic Web application that helps the
end user in some way [8]. In 2007, Chris Bizer and
Richard Cyganiak submitted the application of Linked
Open Data (LOD) to W3C SWEO, representing the start
of linked data development. As of September 1st
, 2011,
295 datasets have been published and interlinked by the
project consisting of over 31 billion RDF triples, which
are interlinked by approximately 504 million RDF links
[11].
C. Semantic Web Services
Semantic Web Services (SWS) provide features that
allow new services to be added, discovered, and
composed dynamically. The processes that might be able
to use the web services are updated automatically to
reflect the new forms of cooperation. SWS combine the
flexibility, reusability, and universal access that typically
characterise a web service along with the expressivity of
semantic mark up and reasoning, in order to make the
invocation, composition, mediation and automatic
execution of complex services feasible. [3].
D. Semantic Web Applications
Applications are built to use Ontologies and data
published in Linked Open Data as RDF to display and
infer different conclusions based on the inference model
that has been created in the application.
E. Ontology Development
Traditionally, to facilitate the building of ontologies for
Semantic Web, text mining techniques have been used to
perform ontology learning from texts. However,
traditional systems employ shallow natural language
processing techniques and focus only on concept and
taxonomic relation extraction. Ontology development is a
big area for Semantic Web related technologies and a lot
of work is happening in this area for this [14].Although
the semantic web-related technologies look very
promising, the acceptance and implementation of the
same has some challenges. The main issue is that like any
software, semantic web-related technology also suffers
from a vicious circle of data versus application
availability. Organizations are not investing much to
publish their data into the LOD cloud as there are not a
large number of applications that use this data and
provide business benefit. On the other hand, application
developers are not creating new and improved
applications as there is not enough data published on the
LOD that can used by the new applications. This vicious
circle of application versus data exists when any new path
breaking technology starts getting accepted and
implemented as a main stream application.
VI.OPEN GOVERNMENT PLATFORM
On March 30th
, 2012, the government of India launched
the Open Government Platform (OGPL). It is envisioned
that the OGPL will lead to participative governance as the
government will share more and more data. The OGPL
has been jointly developed by India and United States.
This collaborative endeavour was started as part of a
series of initiatives announced by Indian prime minister,
Manmohan Singh and US president Barack Obama in
November 2010 in Delhi. The initiative on Indian side
was led by Mr. Sam Pitroda, adviser to the Prime
Minister on Public Information, Infrastructure, and
Innovations, and on the US side by Aneesh Chopra, the
then Chief Technology Officer (CTO) to the US
President.The first release of OGPL contains essential
features to establish an open data service capability along
with some basic data sets. Future releases will enable
users to create applications that work on these datasets to
provide various functions. The developers can:
consume datasets using web services
create mobile or other applications that use these
datasets
directly access datasets for information
There is also a citizen engagement module where the
government can get feedback from the end users and
actions taken. The data in this module will be visible to
everyone on the website.
The users will also be able to publish their different
datasets onto the website. These will get submitted as part
of a workflow for approval to the government agencies.
Once the government agencies are satisfied, the dataset
will be available to the public for use. The users that use
the datasets can give feedback on them, which will also
be visible to everyone. Based on the votes received for
datasets, the agency will be able to understand the benefit
or disadvantage of a particular dataset and then look into
it further. This way they can control which datasets are
removed and which continue. The OGPL platform also
provides a set of information to the owner related to
which users can have access to which dataset and how
many have found it useful. This feedback can also be sent
across to social networking websites.OGPL has been
completely developed using open source softwares
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including the Content Management System - Drupal.
This makes the front-end application highly configurable
based on the tastes of the end users. Also, the entire
application is web-based. All that is needed for this
application use is a web browser.
VII. CHALLENGES
There are certain challenges that need to be overcome
when websites need to implement semantic web
technologies in them. They include:
Management of URIs [9]: Linked data is mainly about
publishing structured data in RDF using URIs rather than
focusing on ontological level or inferencing. This
simplification lowers the entry barrier for data providers
just as the Internet based on URLs simplified the
established academic approaches of Hypertext systems.
However, all the RDF data on the government sites need
to be independently accessible using URIs.Creation and
selection of vocabularies: An important aspect in the
whole process of ontologies creation and selection is
deciding the ontologies to be used by the government. It
needs to be decided that which of the existing
vocabularies are going to be extended or reused.
Experience shows that it is strongly advisable to reuse
existing vocabularies and extend them if required rather
than create new ones based on the type of application that
is being worked on.Handlings provenance and trust [4]:
From an interface perspective, the question of how to
represent the provenance and trustworthiness of data
drawn from many sources into an integrated view is a
significant research challenge. Tim Berners-Lee proposed
that the browser interface should be enhanced with the
“Oh, yeah?” button [2] to support the user in assessing
the reliability of the information encountered on the web.
Whenever a user encounters a piece of information that
they will like to verify, pressing such a button will
produce an explanation of the trustworthiness of the
displayed information. This goal is yet to be realized.
Addressing quality of service [4]: An overview of
different content-based, context-based, and rating-based
techniques can be used to heuristically assess the
relevance and quality of data given. This is being
addressed to a certain extent by the OGPL as the users of
the datasets are able to give a rating of the datasets. This
can be viewed by other users of the dataset to understand
its quality.Performance and scalability issues [4]: Linked
data can be accessed by different semantic web-enabled
applications, using techniques like advanced crawling and
caching. However, the increase in the number of datasets
over time will deteriorate the performance of the
semantic web-enabled applications. Therefore, this might
necessitate wide spread link traversal and crawling. It is
necessary to make sure that increase in the data in the
LOD does not impact the performance of semantic web-
enabled government applications. Any issues in
performance will have a reverse effect on the popularity
being gained by Semantic Web Technologies.
Improved User Interfaces [4]: One of the key benefits of
Linked Data from the user perspective is the provision to
access interlinked data from a wide range of distributed
and heterogeneous data sources. This may involve
integrating data from sources not explicitly selected by
the user. For example, if the user wants to know the
number of people working with a particular company in a
particular city, this will require traversal and display of
information from multiple datasets. In the normal
scenario, the browser back and forward buttons will take
the user to the next and previous pages correspondingly.
However, in this scenario, the user might want to traverse
from one data set to another that is displayed in the
browser.The Linked Open Data browser should also
provide options to add or remove datasets from the result.
This is a very challenging task and needs to be analysed
to a greater level.Schema mapping [4]: Once the data has
been retrieved from multiple datasets, it must be
integrated in a meaningful way before it is displayed to
the user or it is further processed. Link Maintenance [4]:
The content of the Linked data is continuously changing
or is continuously getting updated. The RDF links
between data sources are updated sporadically. This leads
to dead links pointing to URIs that are no longer
maintained or even set in as the new data is published.
Web architecture is tolerant to dead links but too many
can lead to unnecessary http requests. This is also an area
of research that is receiving a lot of focus for
improvement. Licensing [4]: Applications that consume
data from the web must be able to access explicit
information on the terms under which the data can be
reused and republished. The availability of appropriate
frameworks for publishing such specifications is an
essential requirement in encouraging data owners to
participate in the LOD. The data owners thus will be
assured that the data consumers to not infringe on the
rights of others. The OGPL provides the feature of giving
explicit licensing agreement details as it allows the data
owners to publish licensing related information. OGPL in
its future releases will also allow data owners to sell their
data to consumers as a service for a fee.Privacy [4]: The
ultimate aim of a LOD is to have a single global database.
However, this also brings with it dangers with it.
Protecting data in the LOD context is likely to require a
combination of technical as well as legal means, together
with a higher awareness among the user.
Security is a very important aspect of semantic
knowledge management. To secure the Semantic Web, all
its layers must be protected including RDF, XML,
ontologies, and application integration. In the case of
XML, it is important to securely publish XML documents
or even role-based access [10]. Some research has been
done on the security of RDF models as well. For securing
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Volume: 01 Issue: 02 December 2012 Page No.28-32
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32
the business, the challenge includes identifying and
authenticating the consumers as well as the businesses,
and tracing all transactions.Secure Knowledge
Management and Integration: This is required where two
agencies are involved in a transaction. Secure
Knowledge Management tools are utilized to determine
what information and resources are needed for the
transaction and whether the information and resources
can be accessed by the agencies involved. Essentially,
security must be incorporated into all aspects of the
process. Trust management and negotiations play an
important role. The Semantic Web has inference
capabilities built into it that will exacerbate the inference
and privacy problems. Therefore, developers must
examine inference control and privacy preserving data
mining techniques and determine their applicability for
the Semantic Web [13].Enterprise Application Integration
(EAI) constitutes a real and growing need for most
enterprises. In EAI, the focus is mainly on syntactical
integration. Dealing with the semantic aspect will
promote EAI by providing it with more consistency and
robustness [15].
VIII.CONCLUSIONS AND FURTHER WORK
This study reveals that users and government agencies
alike are coming to slowly realize that keyword-based
search is not enough and Semantic web-based
applications need to be designed [5]. The real power of
the Semantic Web will be realized once developers start
creating Semantic Web enable software agents that
collect web content from diverse source, process the
information, and exchange results with other programs.
Semantic Web will provide a foundation and framework
that makes artificial intelligence more feasible. Semantic
Web can assist in inferencing knowledge to be used by
humans. There is a lot of scope for work in the
government domain as well as other domains in Semantic
Web technologies. The implementation of Semantic Web
technologies is at a very infant stage in the Indian context
and there is a huge scope for implementations which
would make the data related to the government easily
accessible. This would also in the future help in providing
better analysis tools to the government for better decision
making.
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