This document discusses key aspects of medical diagnosis and highlights strategies physicians can use to arrive at the correct diagnosis. It emphasizes considering probability, red flags, common pitfalls, masquerading conditions, and what the patient may be trying to convey. Specific diagnostic triads and tetrads are given as memory aids. Physicians are advised to consider serious or life-threatening conditions, ask self-imposed questions, and be sensitive to the patient's needs and feelings to avoid missing important diagnoses.