A review on COVID-19, enlist all the details and information that i know about the current pandemic. i hope you found it informative. i am B.pharm student and currently searching for good job in Pharma Sector. if you want more presentation on any topic then i will deliver it to you, just take a step ahead and make a call on my phone number or you can whatsapp me. I always here to help.
Contact No. 8279242736
E.mail i'd : jain.gaurav402@gmail.com
The new corona virus is a respiratory virus which spreads primarily through droplets generated when an infected person coughs or sneezes, or through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose. To protect yourself, clean your hands frequently with an alcohol-based hand rub or wash them with soap and water.
Introduction, Causes. Mechanism in brief, Symptoms, Preventions, Effect on nature, Effect on world Economy and Demography, Use of biotechnology in creation of vaccine, Conclusion, References
this ppt is on corona virus. in this ppt u will read about that what is corona from where does it started and where it ended, what are the symptoms and precautions of corona virus, and abt vaccines also.
corona is a pandemic disease in the world so many people are died because of this disease, it's not coming in a particular structure. it's having a different type of structure . how to prevent this disease maintain social distance, maintain hand hygiene, wear masks .nowady vaccines are available covishield ,covaxin, Pfizer, sputnik vaccine etc...this mainly helpful to prevent the corona
The new corona virus is a respiratory virus which spreads primarily through droplets generated when an infected person coughs or sneezes, or through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose. To protect yourself, clean your hands frequently with an alcohol-based hand rub or wash them with soap and water.
Introduction, Causes. Mechanism in brief, Symptoms, Preventions, Effect on nature, Effect on world Economy and Demography, Use of biotechnology in creation of vaccine, Conclusion, References
this ppt is on corona virus. in this ppt u will read about that what is corona from where does it started and where it ended, what are the symptoms and precautions of corona virus, and abt vaccines also.
corona is a pandemic disease in the world so many people are died because of this disease, it's not coming in a particular structure. it's having a different type of structure . how to prevent this disease maintain social distance, maintain hand hygiene, wear masks .nowady vaccines are available covishield ,covaxin, Pfizer, sputnik vaccine etc...this mainly helpful to prevent the corona
COVID - 1 9 PANDEMIC AND THE FACE MASK CONTROVERSY: ADOPTING INNOVATIVE APPR...EMMANUEL AKOMANIN ASIAMAH
Following global shortage of facemask amid the COVID -19 pandemic, there has been overwhelming awakening of creativity and innovation for DIY facemasks globally. This presentation seeks to highlight the concerns with the making of homemade facemasks and presents findings of a basic research that aimed to evaluate the suitability of non-traditional local fabric for the production of reusable mask comparable to N95, from a Ghanaian context.
Corona virus was first identified as a cause of the common cold in 1960. Until 2002, the virus was considered a relatively simple, nonfatal virus.Over the last three decades there have been three attacks of three different coronaviruses, SARS-CoV, MERS CoV and the recent one 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV).
The Corona virus pandemic has costed a lot of lives through out the world.
Here are some in formations about what is known so far.
It includes cause, Spread, Signs and Symptoms.
it also has the ongoing myths about corona virus.
Learning objectives:
This presentation is for learning purposes and all the material which is included in the presentation is taken from well-recognized websites.
By the end of this session, you should be able to:
Explain what COVID-19 is and be aware of the pandemic.
Understand the policy behind the COVID-19 vaccination programme.
Describe how vaccines work and how they are developed and trialled.
Identify the groups who are at high risk for COVID infection and who should be prioritized to receive the COVID-19 vaccine.
Describe the process of consent and how this applies when giving vaccines.
Understand the legal mechanisms by which immunizers can supply and administer COVID-19 vaccine.
Describe the key principles of how to correctly store, prepare and administer COVID-19 vaccines.
Communicate key facts in response to questions from patients and direct them to additional sources of information.
Everything we need to know about COVID-19PrincessExtra
These slides is uploaded for information and as a partial requirement of Philippine Women's University in Master of Nursing (MAN); Subject: Nursing Practicum
Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19)
The WHO and other organizations have issued the following general recommendations:
Avoid close contact with subjects suffering from acute respiratory infections.
Wash your hands frequently, especially after contact with infected people or their environment.
Avoid unprotected contact with farm or wild animals.
People with symptoms of acute airway infection should keep their distance, cover coughs or sneezes with disposable tissues or clothes and wash their hands.
Strengthen, in particular, in emergency medicine departments, the application of strict hygiene measures for the prevention and control of infections.
Individuals that are immunocompromised should avoid public gatherings.
Patients and families should receive instruction to:
Avoid close contact with subjects suffering from acute respiratory infections.
Wash their hands frequently, especially after contact with sick people or their environment.
Avoid unprotected contact with farm or wild animals.
People with symptoms of acute airway infection should keep their distance, cover coughs or sneezes with disposable tissues or clothes and wash their hands.
Immunocompromised patients should avoid public exposure and public gatherings. If an immunocompromised individual must be in a closed space with multiple individuals present, such as a meeting in a small room; masks, gloves, and personal hygiene with antiseptic soap should be undertaken by those in close contact with the individual. In addition, prior room cleaning with antiseptic agents should be undertaken and performed before exposure. However, considering the danger involved to these individuals, exposure should be avoided unless a meeting, group event, etc. is a true emergency.
Strict personal hygiene measures are necessary for the prevention and control of this infection.
THE CORONAVIRUS STORY: COVID - 19 PANDEMIC OUTBREAK SERIES I Episode 1 I Tim...MhdAfz
For more such informative content, go to https://scifitechify.blogspot.com/. For more such informative presentations go to https://scifitechify.blogspot.com/
This a series of videos about the recently discovered coronavirus and its pandemic outbreak. NEXT POST ON: THE CORONAVIRUS STORY:
COVID - 19 PANDEMIC OUTBREAK SERIES I Episode 2 I Structure of the Virus
For more such informative presentations go to https://scifitechify.blogspot.com/
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (covid 19)overviewMakrani Shaharukh
COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus. ‘CO’ stands for corona, ‘VI’ for virus, and ‘D’ for disease. Formerly, this disease was referred to as ‘2019 novel coronavirus’ or ‘2019-nCoV.’The COVID-19 virus is a new virus linked to the same family of viruses as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and some types of common cold. The Coronavirus (COVID-19) was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei, China in December 2019, the outbreak was later recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020. Standard recommendations to prevent infection spread include regular hand washing, covering mouth and nose when coughing and sneezing, Avoid close contact with anyone.
Here, I present the recent updates about n-CoV known as " Corona Virus".
History of Corona virus
Introduction of corona virus
Types of corona virus (CoV)
Pathogenesis of nCoV
Diagnosis
treatment
Coronaviruses are important human and animal pathogens. At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus was identified as the cause of a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, in the Hubei Province of China. It is rapidly spreading, resulting in an epidemic throughout china, followed by an increasing number of cases in other countries throughout the world. In February 2020, the WHO designated the disease COVID 19, which stands for corona viruses 2019. The virus that causes COVID 19 is designated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 SARS COV 2 previously, it was referred to as 2019 nCoV. Anushka Bharti | Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sharma | Dr. Kaushal Kishore Chandul "COVID-19" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46439.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/pharmaceutics/46439/covid19/anushka-bharti
COVID - 1 9 PANDEMIC AND THE FACE MASK CONTROVERSY: ADOPTING INNOVATIVE APPR...EMMANUEL AKOMANIN ASIAMAH
Following global shortage of facemask amid the COVID -19 pandemic, there has been overwhelming awakening of creativity and innovation for DIY facemasks globally. This presentation seeks to highlight the concerns with the making of homemade facemasks and presents findings of a basic research that aimed to evaluate the suitability of non-traditional local fabric for the production of reusable mask comparable to N95, from a Ghanaian context.
Corona virus was first identified as a cause of the common cold in 1960. Until 2002, the virus was considered a relatively simple, nonfatal virus.Over the last three decades there have been three attacks of three different coronaviruses, SARS-CoV, MERS CoV and the recent one 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV).
The Corona virus pandemic has costed a lot of lives through out the world.
Here are some in formations about what is known so far.
It includes cause, Spread, Signs and Symptoms.
it also has the ongoing myths about corona virus.
Learning objectives:
This presentation is for learning purposes and all the material which is included in the presentation is taken from well-recognized websites.
By the end of this session, you should be able to:
Explain what COVID-19 is and be aware of the pandemic.
Understand the policy behind the COVID-19 vaccination programme.
Describe how vaccines work and how they are developed and trialled.
Identify the groups who are at high risk for COVID infection and who should be prioritized to receive the COVID-19 vaccine.
Describe the process of consent and how this applies when giving vaccines.
Understand the legal mechanisms by which immunizers can supply and administer COVID-19 vaccine.
Describe the key principles of how to correctly store, prepare and administer COVID-19 vaccines.
Communicate key facts in response to questions from patients and direct them to additional sources of information.
Everything we need to know about COVID-19PrincessExtra
These slides is uploaded for information and as a partial requirement of Philippine Women's University in Master of Nursing (MAN); Subject: Nursing Practicum
Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19)
The WHO and other organizations have issued the following general recommendations:
Avoid close contact with subjects suffering from acute respiratory infections.
Wash your hands frequently, especially after contact with infected people or their environment.
Avoid unprotected contact with farm or wild animals.
People with symptoms of acute airway infection should keep their distance, cover coughs or sneezes with disposable tissues or clothes and wash their hands.
Strengthen, in particular, in emergency medicine departments, the application of strict hygiene measures for the prevention and control of infections.
Individuals that are immunocompromised should avoid public gatherings.
Patients and families should receive instruction to:
Avoid close contact with subjects suffering from acute respiratory infections.
Wash their hands frequently, especially after contact with sick people or their environment.
Avoid unprotected contact with farm or wild animals.
People with symptoms of acute airway infection should keep their distance, cover coughs or sneezes with disposable tissues or clothes and wash their hands.
Immunocompromised patients should avoid public exposure and public gatherings. If an immunocompromised individual must be in a closed space with multiple individuals present, such as a meeting in a small room; masks, gloves, and personal hygiene with antiseptic soap should be undertaken by those in close contact with the individual. In addition, prior room cleaning with antiseptic agents should be undertaken and performed before exposure. However, considering the danger involved to these individuals, exposure should be avoided unless a meeting, group event, etc. is a true emergency.
Strict personal hygiene measures are necessary for the prevention and control of this infection.
THE CORONAVIRUS STORY: COVID - 19 PANDEMIC OUTBREAK SERIES I Episode 1 I Tim...MhdAfz
For more such informative content, go to https://scifitechify.blogspot.com/. For more such informative presentations go to https://scifitechify.blogspot.com/
This a series of videos about the recently discovered coronavirus and its pandemic outbreak. NEXT POST ON: THE CORONAVIRUS STORY:
COVID - 19 PANDEMIC OUTBREAK SERIES I Episode 2 I Structure of the Virus
For more such informative presentations go to https://scifitechify.blogspot.com/
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (covid 19)overviewMakrani Shaharukh
COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus. ‘CO’ stands for corona, ‘VI’ for virus, and ‘D’ for disease. Formerly, this disease was referred to as ‘2019 novel coronavirus’ or ‘2019-nCoV.’The COVID-19 virus is a new virus linked to the same family of viruses as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and some types of common cold. The Coronavirus (COVID-19) was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei, China in December 2019, the outbreak was later recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020. Standard recommendations to prevent infection spread include regular hand washing, covering mouth and nose when coughing and sneezing, Avoid close contact with anyone.
Here, I present the recent updates about n-CoV known as " Corona Virus".
History of Corona virus
Introduction of corona virus
Types of corona virus (CoV)
Pathogenesis of nCoV
Diagnosis
treatment
Coronaviruses are important human and animal pathogens. At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus was identified as the cause of a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, in the Hubei Province of China. It is rapidly spreading, resulting in an epidemic throughout china, followed by an increasing number of cases in other countries throughout the world. In February 2020, the WHO designated the disease COVID 19, which stands for corona viruses 2019. The virus that causes COVID 19 is designated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 SARS COV 2 previously, it was referred to as 2019 nCoV. Anushka Bharti | Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sharma | Dr. Kaushal Kishore Chandul "COVID-19" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46439.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/pharmaceutics/46439/covid19/anushka-bharti
A Brief Review on Covid 19 by Treatment of Ayurvedaijtsrd
In December 2019 in Wuhan, China the pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus SARS CoV 2 is a highly contagious disease. The World Health Organization WHO has declared the current rash as a global public health emergency. Currently, the research on novel coronavirus is immobile in the primary stage. Created on the recent published evidence, In this review systematically summarizes the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of knowledge surrounding COVID 19 also the ayurvedic treatments are placed. In this literature review, the causative agent, pathogenesis and immune responses, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and management of the disease, control and preventions strategies are all reviewed. This review in the anticipation of helping the public effectively recognize and deal with the 2019 novel coronavirus SARS CoV 2 , also providing a reference for future studies. Sneha. H. Salunkhe | Pooja. A. Petkar | Monali Lalge | Nilesh Bhosale "A Brief Review on Covid 19 by Treatment of Ayurveda" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31574.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/pharmacoinformatics/31574/a-brief-review-on-covid-19-by-treatment-of-ayurveda/sneha-h-salunkhe
: The COVID-19 pandemic is spreading across the globe at an alarming rate. Corona Virus is a large
family of positive-sense, single-stranded Ribo Nuclic Acid(RNA) viruses that belong to the Nidovirales order. It
was first started in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China and then subsequently spread to dozens of other countries
becoming a global pandemic. COVID-19 manifests with a wide clinical spectrum ranging from asymptomatic
patients to septic shock and multi organ dysfunction. The most common symptoms of patients include fever (98.
6%), fatigue (69.6%), dry cough, and diarrhea. The WHO recommends collecting samples from both the upper
and lower respiratory tracts. This can be achieved through expectorated sputum, broncho-alveolar lavage or
endotrachial aspirate, These samples are then assessed for viral RNA using polymerase chain reaction(PCR).
Patients with pre-existing co-morbidities have a higher case fatality rate. These co-morbidities include diabetes (7.
3%), respiratory disease(6.5%), cardiovascular disease(10.5%), hypertension(6%) and malignncy(5.6%). Patients
without co-morbidities have a lower case fatality rate(0.9%). Preventive measures must focus on optimizing
infection control protocols, self-isolation, and patient isolation during the provision of clinical care. No confirmed
medication or vaccine has been developed. Current treatment strategies are aimed at symptomatic care and
oxygen therapy. Chloroquine phosphate and lopinavir/ritonavir have been suggested. Other suggested anti-virals
include ribavirin and abidor. Usage of personal protective equipment, washing hands, sanitization, social distance
and general awareness can stop transmission of virus. Prophylactic vaccination is required for the future
prevention of COV-related epidemic or pandemic.
COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), previously known as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), a strain of coronavirus. The first cases were seen in Wuhan, China in December 2019 before spreading globally. The current outbreak was recognized as a pandemic on 11 March 2020.
The non-specific imaging findings are most commonly of atypical or organizing pneumonia, often with a bilateral, peripheral, and basal predominant distribution. No effective treatment or vaccine exists currently (March 2020).
All you (never) wanted to know about COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2Edward Rybicki
A talk about the basics of the virus and the disease, whether one can become immune, and what the prospects are for vaccines. For an undergrad-early postgrad molecular biology / microbiology oriented audience.
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is India's national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Operating under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the CDSCO is responsible for approving new drugs, conducting clinical trials, setting standards for drugs, controlling the quality of imported drugs, and coordinating the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice.
Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. The primary aim of pharmacovigilance is to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicines, thereby protecting public health.
In India, pharmacovigilance activities are monitored by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), which works closely with CDSCO to collect, analyze, and act upon data regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Together, they play a critical role in ensuring that the benefits of drugs outweigh their risks, maintaining high standards of patient safety, and promoting the rational use of medicines.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and IndigestionSwastikAyurveda
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
1. A REVIEW ON CORONA VIRUS (COVID-19)
Submitted to : MR. NAVEEN GARGPresented by: Gaurav Jain
Rajasthan Pharmacy College 1
B.Pharmacy Final Year
Enrollment No.- 2016/2158
Batch- 2016-2020
(Assistant professor of Pharmacology)
2. RAJASTHAN PHARMACY COLLEGE 2
Content
Objective
Introduction
Epidemiological observations
Threat of COVID-19
Data Analytics
Drugs and their Mechanism of Action
Diagnostic Tests
Research and development
4. RAJASTHAN PHARMACY COLLEGE 4
OBJECTIVE
The major objectives of the study were as follows:
1. To enhance understanding of the evolving COVID-19 and the nature and impact of ongoing containment
measures;
2. To share knowledge on COVID-19 response and preparedness measures being implemented in countries
affected by or at risk of importations of COVID-19;
3. To generate recommendations for adjusting COVID-19 containment and response measures in China and
internationally; and
4. To establish priorities for a collaborative programmed of work, research and development to address critical
gaps in knowledge and response and readiness tools and activities.
5. INTRODUCTION
Coronaviruses are found in avian and mammalian species. They resemble each other in morphology and
chemical structure. Coronaviruses are capable of adapting to new environments through mutation and
recombination with relative ease and hence are programmed to alter host range and tissue tropism
efficiently. Therefore, health threats from coronaviruses are constant and long-term. Understanding the
virology of coronaviruses and controlling their spread have important implications for global health and
economic stability.
For example, the coronaviruses of humans and cattle are antigenically related. There is no evidence,
however, that human coronaviruses can be transmitted by animals. In animals, various coronaviruses
invade many different tissues and cause a variety of diseases, but in humans they are only proved to cause
mild upper respiratory infections, i.e. common colds.
On rare occasions, gastrointestinal coronavirus infection has been associated with outbreaks of diarrhoea
in children.
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6. Taxonomy
Synonym: Corona virinae, SARS COV-2 and COVID-19 Realm: Riboviria
Family: Coronaviridae Subfamily: Orthocoronavirinae
Phylum: Incertaesedis Genus: Betacoronavirus
Order: Nidovirales Subgenus: Sarbecovirus
Suborder: Cornidovirineae
Species: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)
related coronavirus.
Genera: Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Gammacoronavirus, Deltacoronavirus
Individuum: SARS-CoVUrbani, SARS-CoVGZ-02, ARS-CoVPC4- 227, SARSr-CoVBtKY7/2,
SARS-CoV-2,
Wuhan-Hu-1, SARSr-CoVRatG13.
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Representative Alphacoronavirus include:
NL63 (hcov-nl63)
Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (TGEV),
PEDV, and
Porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV).
Representative betacoronavirus include:
SARS-CoV, .
MERS-CoV,
Bat coronavirus HKU4, mouse hepatitis coronavirus (MHV), bovine coronavirus (bcov), and
Human coronavirus OC43.
Representative gamma-and deltacoronaviruses include
Avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus (IBV) and
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PdCV), respectively
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Structure of COVID-19
They have the largest genome among all RNA viruses, typically ranging from 27 to 32 kb.
The genome is packed inside a helical capsid formed by the nucleocapsid protein (N) and further surrounded by an
envelope.
Associated with the viral envelope are at least three structural proteins: MES
The membrane protein (M)
The envelope protein (E) , involved in virus assembly, attachment to the host cell and studded with projecting
glycoproteins and surrounds a core consisting of matrix protein enclosed within which is a single strand of positive-sense
RNA associated with nucleoprotein. Also carry the main antigenic epitopes, particularly the epitopes recognized by
neutralizing antibodies. OC43 also possesses a hemagglutinin.
The spike protein (S) mediates virus entry into host cells.
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Some coronaviruses also encode an envelope-associated hemagglutinin-esterase protein (HE).
Among these structural proteins, the spike forms large protrusions from the virus surface, giving coronaviruses the
appearance of having crowns (hence their name; corona in Latin means crown). In addition to mediating virus entry,
the spike is a critical determinant of viral host range and tissue tropism and a major inducer of host immune
responses.
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Routes of transmission
COVID-19 is transmitted via droplets and fomites during close unprotected contact between an infector and infectee.
Airborne spread has not been reported for COVID-19 and it is not believed to be a major driver of transmission based on
available evidence; however, it can be envisaged if certain aerosol- generating procedures are conducted in health care
facilities.
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Household transmission
In China, human-to-human transmission of the COVID-19 virus is largely occurring in families. The Joint Mission
received detailed information from the investigation of clusters and some household transmission studies, which are
ongoing in a number of Provinces.
Among 344 clusters involving 1308 cases (out of a total 1836 cases reported) in Guangdong Province and Sichuan
Province, most clusters (78%-85%) have occurred in families.
Household transmission studies are currently underway, but preliminary studies ongoing in Guangdong estimate the
secondary attack rate in households ranges from 3-10%.
Contact Tracing
China has a policy of meticulous case and contact identification for COVID-19. For example, in Wuhan more than 1800
teams of epidemiologists, with a minimum of 5 people/team, are tracing tens of thousands of contacts a day. Contact follow
up is painstaking, with a high percentage of identified close contacts completing medical observation. Between 1% and 5%
of contacts were subsequently laboratory confirmed cases of COVID-19, depending on location. For example:
As of 17 February, in Shenzhen City, among 2842 identified close contacts, 2842 (100%) were traced and 2240 (72%)
have completed medical observation. Among the close contacts, 88 (2.8%) were found to be infected with COVID-19.
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Demographic characteristics
Among 55,924 laboratory confirmed cases reported as of 20 February 2020, the median age is 51 years (range 2 days-100
years old; IQR 39-63 years old) with the majority of cases (77.8%) aged between 30– 69 years. Among reported cases,
51.1% are male, 77.0% are from Hubei and 21.6% are farmers or laborers by occupation.
Zoonotic origins
COVID-19 is a zoonotic virus. From phylogenetics analyses undertaken with available full genome sequences, bats appear
to be the reservoir of COVID-19 virus, but the intermediate host(s) has not yet been identified. However, three important
areas of work are already underway in China to inform our understanding of the zoonotic origin of this outbreak.
These include early investigations of cases with symptom onset in Wuhan throughout December 2019, environmental
sampling from the Huanan Wholesale Seafood Market and other area markets, and the collection of detailed records on the
source and type of wildlife species sold at the Huanan market and the destination of those animals after the market was
closed.
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How dangerous is the virus?
There are three parameters to understand in order to assess the magnitude of the risk posed by this novel
coronavirus:
Transmission Rate (Ro) - number of newly infected people from a single case.
For comparison, the Ro for the common flu is 1.3 and for SARS it was 2.0.
Case Fatality Rate (CFR) - percent of cases that result in death.
CFR = deaths at day.x / cases at day.x-{T}
(where T = average time period from case confirmation to death)
Determine whether asymptomatic transmission is possible.
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Fatality rate can change as a virus can mutate, according to epidemiologists. For comparison, the case fatality
rate for SARS was 10%, and for MERS 34%
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AGE DEATH RATE
confirmed cases
DEATH RATE
all cases
80+ years old 21.9% 14.8%
70-79 years old
60-69 years old 8.0%
50-59 years old 3.6%
40-49 years old
1.30.4%
30-39 years old
20-29 years old 0.2%
10-19 years old
0.2%
0-9 years old
no fatalities 0.2%
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Comparison with other viruses
For comparison, the case fatality rate with seasonal flu in the United States is less than 0.1% (1 death per every
1,000 cases).
Mortality rate for SARS was 10%, and for MERS 34%.
Virus Death Rate
Wuhan Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) 2%*
SARS 9.6%
MERS 34%
Swine Flu 0.02%
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Data Analytics
Symptoms observed in hospitalized patients with COVID-19
These findings refer to hospitalized patients, therefore generally representing serious or critical cases.
The majority of cases of COVID-19 (about 80%) is mild. Findings from the Wang et al study published on JAMA
and based on 138 hospitalized patients
Common Symptoms Include :
(Wuhan’s Study)
Fever 98.6%
Fatigue 69.6%
Dry cough 59.4%
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Findings from the Chen et al study published on The Lancet
and based on 99 hospitalized patients
Signs and symptoms at admission (Chen et al study)
Fever 83%
Cough 82%
Shortness of breath 31%
Muscle ache 11%
Confusion 9%
Headache 8%
Sore throat 5%
Rhinorrhoea (runny nose) 4%
Chest pain 2%
Diarrhea 2%
Nausea and vomiting 1%
More than one sign or symptom 90%
Fever, cough, and shortness of breath 15%
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Findings from the Huang et al study published on The Lancet and based on 41 hospitalized patients
98%
76%
44%
28%
8%
5% 3%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Fever Cough Myalgia (muscle
pain)
or Fatigue
Sputum production
(coughing up
material)
Headache Haemoptysis
(coughing up blood)
Diarrhea
Series 1
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Additional effort should be made to find the animal source, including the natural reservoir and any intermediate
amplification host, to prevent any new epidemic foci or resurgence of similar epidemics.
Efforts should be made to consistently evaluate existing and future diagnostic tests for detection of COVID-19 using a
harmonized set of standards for laboratory tests and a biorepository that can be used for evaluating these tests
Consider the establishment of a centralized research program in China to oversee that portfolio and ensure the most
promising research (vaccines, treatments, pathogenesis) are adequately supported and studied first; program staff dedicated
to the clinical research would work at the clinical research site(s) to decrease the research workload of the clinicians at the
site.
Consider including one or more sites within China in the ongoing and future multi- center, international trials; Chinese
investigators should be actively engaged in international trials
Continue to develop additional animal models, making every effort to ensure these mimic human infection and virus
transmission as closely as possible
Conduct studies to determine which of the commonly used forms of PPE are most effective in controlling the spread of
COVID-19.
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For uninfected countries
1. Prepare to immediately activate the highest level of emergency response mechanisms to trigger the all-of- government and
all-of society approach that is essential for early containment of a COVID-19 outbreak;
2. Rapidly test national preparedness plans in light of new knowledge on the effectiveness of non- pharmaceutical measures
against COVID-19; incorporate rapid detection, largescale case isolation and respiratory support capacities, and rigorous
contact tracing and management in national COVID-19 readiness and response plans and capacities;
3. Immediately enhance surveillance for COVID-19 as rapid detection is crucial to containing spread; consider testing all
patients with atypical pneumonia for the COVID-19 virus, and adding testing for the virus to existing influenza
surveillance systems;
4. Begin now to enforce rigorous application of infection prevention and control measures in all healthcare facilities,
especially in emergency departments and outpatient clinics, as this is where COVID-19 will enter the health system;and
5. Rapidly assess the general population’s understanding of COVID-19, adjust national health promotion materials and
activities accordingly, and engage clinical champions to communicate with the media.
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For the public
1. Recognize that COVID-19 is a new and concerning disease, but that outbreaks can managed with the right response and
that the vast majority of infected people will recover;
2. Begin now to adopt and rigorously practice the most important preventive measures for COVID-19 by frequent hand
washing and always covering your mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing;
3. Continually update yourself on COVID-19 and its signs and symptoms (i.e. fever and dry cough), because the strategies
and response activities will constantly improve as new information on this disease is accumulating every day; and
4. Be prepared to actively support a response to COVID-19 in a variety of ways,
including the adoption of more stringent ‘social distancing’practices and helping the high-risk elderly population.
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Coronavirus Dos and Don’ts
To help curb the coronavirus pandemic, here is a list of do’s and don’ts that we must all observe –
Do’s
1. Do wash your hands with soap and water or alcoholic hand sanitizer frequently, especially if you are using public
facilities like transportation and washrooms.
2. Do avoid contact with anyone who looks sick.
3. Do use a disposable napkin or a handkerchief to cover your face when you cough or sneeze..
4. Coronavirus is wreaking havoc globally. But you can stop it in its tracks if you follow the precautions strictly. So,
observe personal hygiene and request your loved ones to do the same to stay safe and protected.
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Don’ts
1. Don’t be part of a large gathering. If you are within just a few feet of an infected person, you could contract the virus.
2. Don’t touch your face, nose, mouth or eyes with unwashed hands.
3. Don’t hide your symptoms for fear of being quarantined.
4. Don’t travel abroad especially to countries that are reeling under the coronavirus outbreak.
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Protect yourself from getting sick:
(1)wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds
(2)avoid touching your eyes, nose, or mouth with unwashed hands
(3)avoid close contact with people who are sick.
Protect others when you are sick: (1) stay home while you are sick
(2)avoid close contact with others
(3)cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing
(4)clean and disinfect objects and surfaces.
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There is no vaccine to protect you against human coronaviruses and there are no specific treatments for illnesses
caused by human coronaviruses. Most people with common human coronavirus illness will recover on their own.
However, to relieve your symptoms you can:
(1)take pain and fever medications (Caution: do not give aspirin to children)
(2)use a room humidifier or take a hot shower to help ease
(3)a sore throat and cough
(4)drink plenty of liquids
(5)stay home and rest. If you are concerned about your symptoms, contact your healthcare provider.
SELF QUARANTINE
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CONCLUSION
Common human coronaviruses, including types 229E, NL63, OC43 and HKU1, usually cause mild to moderate upper-
respiratory tract illnesses, like the common cold. Most people get infected with one or more of these viruses at some
point in their lives.
Symptoms of common human coronaviruses: (1) runny nose (2) sore throat (3) headache (4) fever (5) cough (6)
general feeling of being unwell. Human coronaviruses can sometimes cause lower- respiratory tract illnesses, such as
pneumonia or bronchitis. This is more common in people with cardiopulmonary disease, people with weakened
immune systems, infants, and older adults.
Common human coronaviruses usually spread from an infected person to others through:
(1)the air by coughing and sneezing .
(2)close personal contact, like touching or shaking hands.
(3)touching an object or surface with the virus on it, then touching your mouth, nose, or eyes before washing your
hands.
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