This document discusses pathogenic E. coli, including a new strain called O104:H4. It describes how E. coli can become pathogenic when it acquires certain genes. It then outlines the main pathogenic types of E. coli such as ETEC, EPEC, EHEC, EIEC, and EAEC. For the new O104:H4 strain, it details its origins and properties, including that it is a recombinant of EHEC and EAEC. It also summarizes a 2011 outbreak in Germany linked to vegetable sprouts where over 3,000 were infected and 36 died.

1. Francisco Muñoz Maestre
A NEW PATHOGENIC E COLI

2. Index
 Introduction
 Pathogenics E. coli
 New pathogenic E. coli
 Case study
 Symptoms and cures
 Bibliography

3. INTRODUCTION
 What is E. coli ?
E. coli is a bacteria, inhabitant of our gastrointestinal tract and
one of bacterial species most frequently isolated in cultures.
 When is E. coli a pathogenic bacteria?
When they acquire certain genetic material.

4. PATHOGENICS E. COLI 1
 There are a lot of types but I’m going to explain most important
types:
 ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI (ETEC) watery
diarrhea in young humans and other mammals
 ENTEROPATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI (EPEC)most
commonly among children less than six months of age in
developing countries

5. PATHOGENICS E. COLI 2
 ENTEROHEMORRHAGIC ESCHERICHIA COLI (EHEC)capable
of producing Shiga toxin
 ENTEROINVASIVE ESCHERICHIA COLI (EIEC)closely related
to Shigella and causes disease that is similar to shigellosis
 ENTEROAGGREGATIVE ESCHERICHIA COLI (EAEC) acute
diarrheal illness among many different subpopulations in both
developing and industrialized regions

6. NEW PATHOGENIC E COLI
O104:H4
 First isolates date back to 2001, described like HUSEC41
 It turned up again in 2006, in a woman who contracted HUS
in Korea.
 The current is a recombinant of two pathogenic E. coli
types, enterohaemolytic E. coli (EHEC) and
enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC)
 E. coli O104:H4 also contains an array of antibiotic resistance
genes conferring resistance to a lot of antibiotic like
ampicillin, amoxicillin, streptomycin, …

7. NEW PATHOGENIC CASE
 Between 2 May and 14 June 2011, 3,332 cases (818
cases of HUS) from 13 European Union Member
States, and 36 patients died.
 95% from Germany and they came from northern
Germany
 Some 100 patients need an organ transplant or will
require dialysis.
 The source was vegetable sprouts from an organic farm
in Lower Saxony in northern Germany.

8.  There are two symptoms that are special in this E. coli:
bloody diarrhea and Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS, the
major systemic complication of EHEC infection)
 There are a lot of experiments but there aren’t any cure now
for that.

9. BIBLIOGRAPHY
• http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S14733099
11701657
• http://www.i-sis.org.uk/
E_coli_O104_H4_Newly_Emergent_Pathogen.php
• http://www.uptodate.com/contents/pathogenic-escherichia-
coli
• http://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-manifestations-
diagnosis-and-treatment-of-enterohemorrhagic-escherichia-
coli-ehec?source=see_link