A framework of course development processes
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The document discusses needs analysis for language learning. It defines needs analysis and lists its typical steps: determining goals and objectives, conceptualizing content, selecting materials and activities, organizing content and activities, evaluation, and considering resources and constraints. It also discusses determining learner needs, common purposes of needs analysis, who is involved in the needs analysis process, and examples of procedures and information used to conduct a needs analysis.
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Is constructivism the best philosophy of education
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Language Curriculum Design - Chapter 9
Language Curriculum Design - Chapter 9Institude of applied science technology Jahad Daneshgahi (UASTJD)
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Chapter 9: Approaches to Curriculum Design
Presented by: Omid SanaeiEpistemology
This document is an introduction to epistemology that discusses what epistemology is, epistemological questions, definitions of knowledge, the Gettier problem and responses to it, internalism and externalism, how knowledge is acquired through different types of propositions and acquisition theories, the regress problem, what people know, and applications of epistemology. It addresses key topics in epistemological theory and the nature of knowledge over 21 sections.
Knowledge ppt.......
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A framework of course development processes
- 1. Needs analysis 1. Determining goals and objectives 2. Conceptualizing content 3. Selecting and developing materials and activities 4. Organization of content and activities 5. Evaluation 6. Consideration of resources and constraints
- 3. The term needs is not as straightforward as it might appear, and hence the term is sometimes used to refer to wants, desires, demands, expectations, motivations, lacks, constraints and requirements.
- 5. 1. top find out what language skills a learner needs in order t perform a particular role, such as sales manager, tour guide, or university student. 2. to help determine if an existing course adequately addresses the needs of potential students 3. to determine which students from a group are most in need of training in particular language skills 4. to identify a change of direction that people in a reference group feel is important 5. to identify a gap between what students are able to do and what they need to be able to do 6. to collect information a bout a particular problem learners are experiencing
- 6. The target population in a need analysis refers to the people about whom information will be collected. These may include: Policy makers Ministry of education officers Teachers Students Academics Employers Vocational training specialists Parents Influential individuals and pressure groups Academic specialists community agencies
- 7. A variety of procedures can be used in conducting needs analysis and the kind of information obtained is often dependent on the type of procedure selected. Example of students’ writing problems enrolled in American universities: Samples of students writing Test data on students performance Reports by teachers on typical problems students face Opinions of experts Information from students via interviews and questionnaires Analysis of textbooks teaching academic writing Survey of related literature Examples of writing programs from other institutions Examples of writing assignments given to first year university students
- 8. Participatory processes Learning strategies Content Culture Tasks and activities Competencies Functions Notions and topics Communicative situations Grammar Pronunciation Vocabulary