A broken social elevator? How to promote social mobility.
Presentation by Stefano Scarpetta, Director for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs, OECD
Webinar 15 June 2018.
Social policy in Zimbabwe is both relevant and irrelevant. Find out why it is like that.This is a student's essay therefore one should not put trust in this assignment with all confidence..
Social policy in Zimbabwe is both relevant and irrelevant. Find out why it is like that.This is a student's essay therefore one should not put trust in this assignment with all confidence..
Define the concept social change
Theories of social change
Discuss the characteristics of social change
Discuss the following sources of social change
Cultural innovation
Tools and Technologies for Water Resources Planning and Climate Change Adapta...Vitor Vieira Vasconcelos
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- To achieve basic understanding on steps in water resources planning
- To have better understanding on tool/technology that can be used for water resource planning and climate change adaptation
- To jointly assess the impacts of climate changes on water resources in Nepal
- To brainstorm the options to address the identified issues for planning processes
Contents:
Section 1 : Introduction to Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) and decision support tools
Section 2 : Tools and Techniques for IWRM
Section 3 : Group works
The word "community" is derived from Latin and has been used in the English language since the 14th century. The word community is derived from the Latin communitas (meaning the same), which is in turn derived from communis, which means "common, public, shared by all or many" (encyclopedia).
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Village types according to their structure –-Village forms With respect to Order/Cluster, Caste Hierarchy, Caste and Habitation area in a village – Social structure of a village community – Planning of a typical village house
Define the concept social change
Theories of social change
Discuss the characteristics of social change
Discuss the following sources of social change
Cultural innovation
Tools and Technologies for Water Resources Planning and Climate Change Adapta...Vitor Vieira Vasconcelos
Objectives:
- To achieve basic understanding on steps in water resources planning
- To have better understanding on tool/technology that can be used for water resource planning and climate change adaptation
- To jointly assess the impacts of climate changes on water resources in Nepal
- To brainstorm the options to address the identified issues for planning processes
Contents:
Section 1 : Introduction to Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) and decision support tools
Section 2 : Tools and Techniques for IWRM
Section 3 : Group works
The word "community" is derived from Latin and has been used in the English language since the 14th century. The word community is derived from the Latin communitas (meaning the same), which is in turn derived from communis, which means "common, public, shared by all or many" (encyclopedia).
A community is a group of people living in the same place or having a particular characteristic in common such as norms, religion, values, or identity.
Village types according to their structure –-Village forms With respect to Order/Cluster, Caste Hierarchy, Caste and Habitation area in a village – Social structure of a village community – Planning of a typical village house
PowerPoint by Ms. Gabriela Ramos, OECD Chief of Staff, G20 Sherpa, and Special Counsellor to the Secretary-General, Skills Summit 2018, Porto.
SSESSION 1: UNDERSTAND – Risks and opportunities in a digital world: the changing landscape of skills needs
Objective: Build a common understanding of how the digital revolution transforms economies and societies, how the skills that people need in everyday life and in the workplace are changing, and which groups of the population are most at risk of being left behind
The OECD is examining how the two global mega-trends of population ageing and rising inequalities have been developing and interacting, both within and across generations. This work, and specifically a new report “Preventing Ageing Unequally” (to be released on 18 October), will take a life-course perspective, showing how inequalities in education, health, employment and income interact, and can result in large lifetime disparities across different groups. This discussion will focus on a policy agenda for more inclusive ageing to prevent, mitigate and cope with inequalities and ensure a better retirement for all, with policies coordinated across family, education, employment, social ministries and agencies.
From treadmills to stairwells: social mobility across advanced economiesResolutionFoundation
In recent decades, social mobility has stalled across advanced economies. The UK picture is more mixed – but recent OECD research found that richer families are more likely to stay rich and that the slow pace of mobility means it would take five generations for a poor family to reach average income.
Looking across advanced economies, what approaches have been successful in supporting people on lower incomes to move up the ladder? Where is the UK doing well at in terms of fostering social mobility, where is it struggling, and what lessons can we learn from abroad?
At an event at its Westminster headquarters, the Resolution Foundation welcomed Mark Pearson, the OECD’s Deputy Director of Employment, Labour and Social Affairs, who presented new analysis on social mobility trends across advanced economies, with particular reference to the UK. He was joined by a panel of experts, before taking part in an audience Q&A.
Speakers:
Mark Pearson – Deputy Director of Employment, Labour and Social Affairs, OECD
Jonathan Slater – Permanent Secretary for the Department for Education
Lindsey Macmillan – Reader in Economics, UCL
Lucy Powell - MP for Manchester Central
David Willetts – Executive Chair of the Resolution Foundation (Chair)
OECD Champion Mayors at the Mayors Innovation Studio, CityLab DC 2019OECD CFE
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Check out the Mayors Innovation Studio presentation from CityLab Washington DC, 27 October 2019
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Presentation by OECD Chief Economist, Laurence Boone, on Inclusive Growth at the farewell conference in honor of Governor Karnit Flug, The Van Leer Institute in Jerusalem, 4 November 2018
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An updated introduction to the PaRIS project, why it matters, how it works, its timeline, and the key issues it addresses. Contact us at paris_survey@oecd.org to learn more.
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Health in the 21st Century - Putting Data to Work for Stronger Health Systems.
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Le rapport Health at a Glance: Europe 2016 présente les dernières tendances relatives à la santé et
aux systèmes de santé dans les 28 États membres de l’UE, cinq pays candidats et trois pays de
l’Association européenne de libre‑échange. Cette publication est le fruit d’une collaboration renforcée
entre l'OCDE et la Commission européenne pour améliorer les connaissances sur les défis en matière de
santé à la fois au plan national et à l’échelle de l’UE dans son ensemble, dans le cadre de la nouvelle
stratégie de la Commission sur l’état de santé dans l’UE (voir http://ec.europa.eu/health/state ).
This fourth edition of Health at a Glance: Europe presents key indicators of health and health systems in the 28 EU countries, 5 candidate countries to the EU and 3 EFTA countries. This 2016 edition contains two main new features: two thematic chapters analyse the links between population health and labour market outcomes, and the important challenge of strengthening primary care systems in European countries; and a new chapter on the resilience, efficiency and sustainability of health systems in Europe, in order to align the content of this publication more closely with the 2014 European Commission Communication on effective, accessible and resilient health systems. This publication is the result of a renewed collaboration between the OECD and the European Commission under the broader "State of Health in the EU" initiative, designed to support EU member states in their evidence-based policy making.
This 2016 edition of the OECD Employment Outlook provides an in-depth review of recent labour market trends and short-term prospects in OECD countries.
Opendatabay - Open Data Marketplace.pptxOpendatabay
Opendatabay.com unlocks the power of data for everyone. Open Data Marketplace fosters a collaborative hub for data enthusiasts to explore, share, and contribute to a vast collection of datasets.
First ever open hub for data enthusiasts to collaborate and innovate. A platform to explore, share, and contribute to a vast collection of datasets. Through robust quality control and innovative technologies like blockchain verification, opendatabay ensures the authenticity and reliability of datasets, empowering users to make data-driven decisions with confidence. Leverage cutting-edge AI technologies to enhance the data exploration, analysis, and discovery experience.
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Techniques to optimize the pagerank algorithm usually fall in two categories. One is to try reducing the work per iteration, and the other is to try reducing the number of iterations. These goals are often at odds with one another. Skipping computation on vertices which have already converged has the potential to save iteration time. Skipping in-identical vertices, with the same in-links, helps reduce duplicate computations and thus could help reduce iteration time. Road networks often have chains which can be short-circuited before pagerank computation to improve performance. Final ranks of chain nodes can be easily calculated. This could reduce both the iteration time, and the number of iterations. If a graph has no dangling nodes, pagerank of each strongly connected component can be computed in topological order. This could help reduce the iteration time, no. of iterations, and also enable multi-iteration concurrency in pagerank computation. The combination of all of the above methods is the STICD algorithm. [sticd] For dynamic graphs, unchanged components whose ranks are unaffected can be skipped altogether.
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Sum with different modes (reduce)
1. Performance of sequential execution based vs OpenMP based vector element sum.
2. Performance of memcpy vs in-place based CUDA based vector element sum.
3. Comparing various launch configs for CUDA based vector element sum (memcpy).
4. Comparing various launch configs for CUDA based vector element sum (in-place).
Sum with in-place strategies of CUDA mode (reduce)
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Explore our comprehensive data analysis project presentation on predicting product ad campaign performance. Learn how data-driven insights can optimize your marketing strategies and enhance campaign effectiveness. Perfect for professionals and students looking to understand the power of data analysis in advertising. for more details visit: https://bostoninstituteofanalytics.org/data-science-and-artificial-intelligence/
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Empowering the Data Analytics Ecosystem: A Laser Focus on Value
The data analytics ecosystem thrives when every component functions at its peak, unlocking the true potential of data. Here's a laser focus on key areas for an empowered ecosystem:
1. Democratize Access, Not Data:
Granular Access Controls: Provide users with self-service tools tailored to their specific needs, preventing data overload and misuse.
Data Catalogs: Implement robust data catalogs for easy discovery and understanding of available data sources.
2. Foster Collaboration with Clear Roles:
Data Mesh Architecture: Break down data silos by creating a distributed data ownership model with clear ownership and responsibilities.
Collaborative Workspaces: Utilize interactive platforms where data scientists, analysts, and domain experts can work seamlessly together.
3. Leverage Advanced Analytics Strategically:
AI-powered Automation: Automate repetitive tasks like data cleaning and feature engineering, freeing up data talent for higher-level analysis.
Right-Tool Selection: Strategically choose the most effective advanced analytics techniques (e.g., AI, ML) based on specific business problems.
4. Prioritize Data Quality with Automation:
Automated Data Validation: Implement automated data quality checks to identify and rectify errors at the source, minimizing downstream issues.
Data Lineage Tracking: Track the flow of data throughout the ecosystem, ensuring transparency and facilitating root cause analysis for errors.
5. Cultivate a Data-Driven Mindset:
Metrics-Driven Performance Management: Align KPIs and performance metrics with data-driven insights to ensure actionable decision making.
Data Storytelling Workshops: Equip stakeholders with the skills to translate complex data findings into compelling narratives that drive action.
Benefits of a Precise Ecosystem:
Sharpened Focus: Precise access and clear roles ensure everyone works with the most relevant data, maximizing efficiency.
Actionable Insights: Strategic analytics and automated quality checks lead to more reliable and actionable data insights.
Continuous Improvement: Data-driven performance management fosters a culture of learning and continuous improvement.
Sustainable Growth: Empowered by data, organizations can make informed decisions to drive sustainable growth and innovation.
By focusing on these precise actions, organizations can create an empowered data analytics ecosystem that delivers real value by driving data-driven decisions and maximizing the return on their data investment.
A Broken Social elevator? How to promote social mobility
1. How to Promote Social Mobility
A Broken Social Elevator?
LIVE WEBINAR
Friday 15th June,
16:00-16:30 CEST (Paris time) / 10:00-10:30 EDT (Washington DC)
@OECD_Social
2. How to Promote Social Mobility
A Broken Social Elevator?
Stefano Scarpetta Director for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs, OECD
Stéphane Carcillo Head of the Jobs and Incomes Division, OECD
Michael Förster Senior Economist, Jobs and Incomes Division, OECD
3. Join the discussion
Ask questions and comment throughout via the
webcast chat function.
After today’s event, don’t forget to follow us at:
@OECD_Social
@stescarpetta
Publication URL: oe.cd/social-mobility-2018
For more information: www.oecd.org/social
4. The OECD has been at the
forefront to document the rise
in inequality
“Inequality can no longer be treated as an afterthought.
We need to focus the debate on how the benefits of growth
are distributed.”
Angel Gurría, Secretary General of the OECD
5. A Broken Social Elevator?
6 main messages
There is a lack of
social mobility in our
societies.
High levels of
inequality and low
social mobility
reinforce each others
Sticky floors prevent
movement at the
bottom. Sticky ceilings
protect better-off
families at the top.
This has economic,
societal and political
consequences
It could take 5
generations for the
offspring of low-
income families to
reach the average
income level
We can make our
societies more mobile
by designing policies
promoting social
mobility
6. Source: OECD Income Distribution Database (www.oecd.org/social/income-distribution-database.htm), as at 15-Jun-2018
Note: the Gini coefficient ranges from 0 (perfect equality) to 1 (perfect inequality). Income refers to cash disposable income adjusted for household size.
Data refer to 2015 or latest year available.
Large country differences in
levels of income inequality
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Emerging economies
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
Gini Coefficient of income
inequality
OECD countries
Moreinequality
7. Rising trend of income
inequality
Source: OECD Income Distribution Database, www.oecd.org/social/income-distribution-database.htm. Note: Income refers to real household
disposable income. OECD-17 refers to the unweighted average of the 17 OECD countries for which data are available: Canada, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Israel, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the
United States. Some data points have been interpolated or use the value from the closest available year.
Trends in real household incomes
1985 = 1 OECD-17
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Top 10%
Mean
Median
Bottom 10%
8. 8
More inequality does not
mean more social mobility
OECD24
DNK
NOR
FIN
SWE ESPNZL
GRC
CAN
BEL
AUS
JPN
PRTNLD
IRL
KOR USA
ITA
GBR
CHEAUT
FRA CHL
DEU
HUN
ARG
INDCHN
BRA
ZAF
COL
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
Earnings mobility across generations today
Inequality 25 years ago (Gini coefficient)
Moremobility
More inequality
9. It would take 5 generations for a
descendant of a bottom-10%
family to reach the mean income
2
3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
6 6
7
4.5
6
7 7
9 9
11
6
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Number of generations it would take for descendants of families
at the bottom 10% to reach the mean income in society
10. Sticky floors at the bottom,
Sticky ceilings at the top
Children from disadvantaged background struggle a
lot to move up the ladder
% of people in the upper earnings quartile, by father’s earnings position
0
10
20
30
40
50
60 %
Father in the bottom earnings quartile
Father in the top earnings quartile
11. Patterns of mobility across
countries and dimensions
United States Germany
Italy Sweden
DenmarkHungary OECD
United States
Earnings mobility
Occupation mobillity
IcelandKorea OECD
United States
Education mobility
KoreaPortugal OECD
United States
Minimum Maximum
Iceland MexicoOECD
United States
Income inequality
DenmarkHungary OECD
Italy
Earnings mobility
Occupation mobillity
IcelandKorea OECD
Italy
Education mobility
KoreaPortugal OECD
Italy
Minimum Maximum
Iceland MexicoOECD
Italy
Income inequality
DenmarkHungary OECD
Sweden
Earnings mobility
Occupation mobillity
IcelandKorea OECD
Sweden
Education mobility
KoreaPortugal OECD
Sweden
Minimum Maximum
Iceland MexicoOECD
Sweden
Income inequality
DenmarkHungary OECD
Germany
Earnings mobility
Occupation mobillity
IcelandKorea OECD
Germany
Education mobility
KoreaPortugal OECD
Germany
Minimum Maximum
Iceland MexicoOECD
Germany
Income inequality
12. 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Poorest 2 3 4 Richest
%
Move one quintile or more up
Stay in the same quintile
Move one quintile or more down
Similar patterns of low
mobility at the bottom and at
the top over shorter periods
A majority of people remain stuck at the bottom/top of the
income distribution
Income changes are shaped by
Share of individuals moving up, moving down, or staying in the same income
quintile, disposable income, 4 years, early 2010s or latest
13. Risk for lower middle-income households to slide down to the bottom
Risk to fall down the ladder in
the middle
Share of individuals from lower middle income groups (2nd quintile) moving down
to the lowest income quintile, 4 years, early 2010s or latest
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Greece
Spain
Belgium
Denmark
Slovenia
Austria
Australia
Hungary
Chile
United Kingdom
Italy
Ireland
France
Finland
Turkey
Poland
United States
Portugal
Switzerland
Czech Republic
Netherlands
Norway
Germany
Latvia
Sweden
Luxembourg
Korea
Slovak Republic
Estonia
OECD34
14. Why policy-makers should
care
• Social mobility is not a zero-sum game.
• It can be win-win for all.
economic
societal
political
15. There is room for policies to make
societies more mobile
Countries which in the past spent
more on public education tend to
have higher educational mobility
Countries which devoted more
resources to health tend to
feature higher health mobility
SVN
DNK
CZE
BEL
AUT
SWE
LUX
HUN
DEUPOL
FRA
KOR
IRL
NLD
CAN
ITA
EST
PRT
AUS
GRC
ESP
ISR
GBR USA
OECD26
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0 20 40 60 80 100
Health status
mobility
Health resources 2005
BEL
CZE
DNK
FIN
FRA
DEU
HUN
IRL
NOR
PRT
SVK ESP
SWE
GBR
USA
OECD15
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5
Public expenditure on education as a percentage of the GDP in 1995
Intergenerational
educational mobility