The document summarizes the process of mitosis in cells. 1) Mitosis involves the division of the nucleus through processes like prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase where chromosomes are copied and separated. 2) This is followed by cytokinesis where the cell cytoplasm divides forming two identical daughter cells each with the same number and type of chromosomes as the original parent cell.

1. Cell Cycle - Mitosis

2. How do you grow? How do cells make more cells? You grow in size by making more cells. From a baby to adult you add more cells to your body Where do the new cells come from? Remember the Cell Theory (#3): “ Cells come from preexisting cells” Cells divide to make new cells This process is called Cell Division

3. Cell Division When you grow your cells divide Cells increase as you grow. Cells reproduce, make new cells by dividing

4. Cells Make New Cells by Dividing Cell division: making new cells . Inside the nucleus are chromosomes Every cell needs to have a copy of all chromosomes Before a cell divides, chromosomes have to make copies of themselves. At the end, daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

5. Cell Division The goal of cell reproduction is to produce 2 “daughter cells” that are IDENTICAL to the parent cell. Cells are identical because the chromosomes replicate (copy) before division. Each daughter cells gets a copy of each chromosome. This is called Mitosis

6. Respiration Mitosis

7. Respiration Division of the nucleus

8. CELL DIVISION: Mitosis + Cytokinesis Mitosis : Is the division of the nucleus . The chromosomes are copied (replicated) and then split into 2 groups . Cytokinesis : Is the division (separation) of the Cytoplasm. The cell divides .

9. Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

10. Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase DNA condenses (coils together) and the chromosomes become visible Nuclear membrane disappears Doubled chromosomes get thick and become short Nuclear membrane disappears

11. 1. Prophase Double chromosomes get thick and become short Nuclear membrane disappears

12. Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Chromosomes line up in the m iddle of the cell ( equator ) Chromosomes connect to the spindle fibers

13. 2. M etaphase Chromosomes line up in the m iddle of the cell ( equator )

14. Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Chromosomes copy, split, and separate

15. 3. A naphase Chromosomes copy, split, and separate

16. Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Nuclear membrane forms. Cell begins to split

17. 4. T elophase Nuclear membrane forms again Cell begins to split in half

18. Cell Division in Plants Just like animal cells, plant cells reproduce through cell division but they do not make the same kind of daughter cells. In plant cells a cell plate forms instead of a cleavage furrow before the cell splits in half. The cell membrane divides the cell, the cell plate becomes the cell wall and two daughter cells form on each side of the wall.

19. What happens when cells cannot control themselves? Cells divide and divide. Uncontrolled cell division causes cancer. Cancer is the uncontrolled division of body cells. Cells divide too much and form tumors. Cells with tumors cannot do their job and “push” out other cells