This document provides an overview of India's history under British rule from the 18th century to 1857. It describes how the British East India Company gradually extended its power over Indian princely states during the 18th century. Under British rule from 1765-1836, religious leaders promoted harmful practices while high taxes and exploitation of farmers by the British led to widespread famines. Reformers like Raja Ram Mohan Roy fought for social reforms and Indian independence. Despite opposition, the British continued oppressing Indians and exploiting the country for economic gain. Resentment grew and sparked the major rebellion in 1857 across North India against British rule.

1. Glimpses of the past
PPT by :- Mr. Rajesh Kumar Tk [TGT English cont.]PPT by :- Mr. Rajesh Kumar Tk [TGT English cont.]
JNV Bhupdevpur, RaigarhJNV Bhupdevpur, Raigarh

2. The Martyrs
•“Oh my country men! Let your eyes fill with tears, as you
recall the sacrifices of India’s martyrs.”

3. The company’s consequests
During 18th
century, British east India Company was extending its power in
worldwide. That time Indian princes were fighting each other. East India
Company subduded Indian princes one by one.

4. British Rule (1765-1836)
•Religious leaders preached ideas like
untouchability and child marriage.
•The British imposed heavy taxes on
farmers so that farmers had to
abandon their fields.
•The east India Company’s law began
to cripple Indian industries.
•British invented other methods
which gave them profits.
•Inevitably famines followed,
between 1822 and 1836 fifteen lakh
Indians died of starvation.

5. Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Ram Mohan Roy, a learned person
from Bengal understood what was
wrong with this country.
He was attracted by science and
modern knowledge.
He went to England and fight for the
justice of India.
He said to his wife, “Cows are of
different colors but the color of their
milk is the same. Different terachers
have different opinions but the essence
of every religion is the same.”
Ram Mohan RoyRam Mohan Roy

6. Oppression (1765-1835)
•But the British continued to oppress
Indians.
•In 1818 they had passed regulation III,
under it, an Indian could be jailed without
trail in a court.
•By 1829, Britain was exporting British
goods worth seven crore rupees to India.
•All the time British officers in India drew
big salaries and also made fortunes in
private business.
•At that time Bentinck was the Governor
-General of India.

7. Dissatisfaction (1835-1856)
•Education in India was in Persian and
Sanskrit.
•During 1835-56 Thomas Macaulay
suggested some change in Indian
Education.
•They taught Indians their language.
•By 1856, the British had conquered the
whole of India.
•They cared a little about the needs of
Indians.
Thomas MacaulayThomas Macaulay

8. • Some Indian soldiers in
east India Company
were ill pleased with
the attitude of East
Indian Company.
• A soldier named
Mangal Pandey
attacked the adjutant
of his regiment and
executed.
The sparks (1855-1857)
Mangal PandeyMangal Pandey

9. • In 1857, a violent
revolt was out
broken in Meerut.
• The rebellion spread
wider.
• Many landlords lost
their lands, because
of the British policies
Revolt (1857)

10. • Many rulers like
Begum Hazrat Mahal
of Lucknow were
bitter.
• The patriots pounced
upon the British and
fought pitched battles
all over North India.
The Fight for
freedom(1857)
Tantya TopeTantya Tope
Begum Hazrat MahalBegum Hazrat Mahal