Fundamentals in tooth preparation, Now many indications for treatment for teeth are not due to caries and, therefore, the preparation of the tooth is no longer referred to as cavity preparation but as tooth preparation, and the term cavity is used only as a historical reference.
NOMENCLATURE
An inlay may cap none, or may cap all but one cusp.
Sturdevant’s 4th ed. page579
Inlays may be used as single-tooth restorations for proximo-occlusal or gingival lesions with minimal to moderate extensions
Shillingburg page 1
An inlay may be defined as a restoration which has been constructed out of mouth from gold, porcelain, or other material & then cemented into the prepared cavity of a tooth.
William McGehee pg410
Fundamentals in tooth preparation, Now many indications for treatment for teeth are not due to caries and, therefore, the preparation of the tooth is no longer referred to as cavity preparation but as tooth preparation, and the term cavity is used only as a historical reference.
NOMENCLATURE
An inlay may cap none, or may cap all but one cusp.
Sturdevant’s 4th ed. page579
Inlays may be used as single-tooth restorations for proximo-occlusal or gingival lesions with minimal to moderate extensions
Shillingburg page 1
An inlay may be defined as a restoration which has been constructed out of mouth from gold, porcelain, or other material & then cemented into the prepared cavity of a tooth.
William McGehee pg410
This presentation specifically deals with the maxillary and mandibular Major connectors used in a cast partial denture. it also mentions the uses, advantages and disadvantages of each,
The presentation depicts in a very simplified manner the steps of cavity preparation and restoration of class 3 and class 5 composite restoration. It is well supported with illustrations that further provide a better understanding of the topic.
The cast metal restoration is versatile and is especially applicable to Class II onlay preparations. The process has many steps, involves many dental materials, and requires meticulous attention to prepration.
Tooth treatment planned to be restored with an intracoronal restoration, but the decay or fracture is so extensive that a direct restoration, such as amalgam or composite, would not be able to sustain or bear forces.
Additionally, when decay or fracture incorporate areas of cusp or remaining tooth structure that undermines perimeter walls of a tooth, an onlay might be indicated.
This presentation specifically deals with the maxillary and mandibular Major connectors used in a cast partial denture. it also mentions the uses, advantages and disadvantages of each,
The presentation depicts in a very simplified manner the steps of cavity preparation and restoration of class 3 and class 5 composite restoration. It is well supported with illustrations that further provide a better understanding of the topic.
The cast metal restoration is versatile and is especially applicable to Class II onlay preparations. The process has many steps, involves many dental materials, and requires meticulous attention to prepration.
Tooth treatment planned to be restored with an intracoronal restoration, but the decay or fracture is so extensive that a direct restoration, such as amalgam or composite, would not be able to sustain or bear forces.
Additionally, when decay or fracture incorporate areas of cusp or remaining tooth structure that undermines perimeter walls of a tooth, an onlay might be indicated.
Bevels and flares are very important components of resin restoration procedure. This presentation focuses on bevels and flares in restorative procedure.
Posterior tooth preparationscertified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
QUICK REVIEW OF PROSTHODONTICS – TNMGRMU SOLVED B.D.S FINAL YEAR QUESTION PA...Arun Kumar
This book contains solved "Prosthodontics & Crown & Bridge" B.D.S final year question paper. This helps the students in their eleventh hour preparation.
Rehabilitation of endodontically treated teeth : Post & CoreNaveed AnJum
These days we often come across mutilated or badly broken teeth in our practice. However various factors are involved for a better prognosis of such a teeth. This presentation mainly focuses on post and core treatment of such a teeth.
Tooth preparation for cast metal restoration / endodontic courses by indian d...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
2137ad Merindol Colony Interiors where refugee try to build a seemengly norm...luforfor
This are the interiors of the Merindol Colony in 2137ad after the Climate Change Collapse and the Apocalipse Wars. Merindol is a small Colony in the Italian Alps where there are around 4000 humans. The Colony values mainly around meritocracy and selection by effort.
Explore the multifaceted world of Muntadher Saleh, an Iraqi polymath renowned for his expertise in visual art, writing, design, and pharmacy. This SlideShare delves into his innovative contributions across various disciplines, showcasing his unique ability to blend traditional themes with modern aesthetics. Learn about his impactful artworks, thought-provoking literary pieces, and his vision as a Neo-Pop artist dedicated to raising awareness about Iraq's cultural heritage. Discover why Muntadher Saleh is celebrated as "The Last Polymath" and how his multidisciplinary talents continue to inspire and influence.
thGAP - BAbyss in Moderno!! Transgenic Human Germline Alternatives ProjectMarc Dusseiller Dusjagr
thGAP - Transgenic Human Germline Alternatives Project, presents an evening of input lectures, discussions and a performative workshop on artistic interventions for future scenarios of human genetic and inheritable modifications.
To begin our lecturers, Marc Dusseiller aka "dusjagr" and Rodrigo Martin Iglesias, will give an overview of their transdisciplinary practices, including the history of hackteria, a global network for sharing knowledge to involve artists in hands-on and Do-It-With-Others (DIWO) working with the lifesciences, and reflections on future scenarios from the 8-bit computer games of the 80ies to current real-world endeavous of genetically modifiying the human species.
We will then follow up with discussions and hands-on experiments on working with embryos, ovums, gametes, genetic materials from code to slime, in a creative and playful workshop setup, where all paticipant can collaborate on artistic interventions into the germline of a post-human future.
The Legacy of Breton In A New Age by Master Terrance LindallBBaez1
Brave Destiny 2003 for the Future for Technocratic Surrealmageddon Destiny for Andre Breton Legacy in Agenda 21 Technocratic Great Reset for Prison Planet Earth Galactica! The Prophecy of the Surreal Blasphemous Desires from the Paradise Lost Governments!
The perfect Sundabet Slot mudah menang Promo new member Animated PDF for your conversation. Discover and Share the best GIFs on Tenor
Admin Ramah Cantik Aktif 24 Jam Nonstop siap melayani pemain member Sundabet login via apk sundabet rtp daftar slot gacor daftar
1. CAST METAL RESTORATIONS
(CLASS II INLAY CAVITY
PREPARATION)
PRESENTED BY:-
• DR. ADITEE AGRAWAL
• PG 2nd YEAR
• DEPT. OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS.
2. CONTENTS:-
• INTRODUCTION
• DEFINITIONS
• CAST METAL RESTORATION:-
INDICATIONS AND CONTRAINDICATIONS
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
• PRINCIPALS OF CAVITY PREPARATION FOR CAST
RESTORATIONS
• TYPES AND DESIGN FEATURES OF OCCLUSAL AND
GINGIVAL BEVELS
• FUNCTIONS OF OCCLUSAL AND GINGIVAL BEVELS
3. • TYPES AND DESIGN FEATURES OF FACIAL AND
LINGUAL FLARES
• PREPARATION FEATURES OF CIRCUMFERENTIAL
TIE
• TOOTH PREPARATION FOR CLASS II CAST METAL
INLAYS
• MODIFICATIONS IN INLAY TOOTH PREPARATION
• MODIFICATIONS OF PROXIMAL CAVITY DESIGN
• TOOTH PREPARATION WITH SURFACE
EXTENSION
4. INTRODUCTION
• Dr. PHILL BROOK in 1897, was the first to
introduce inlay in dentistry who gave the
concept of forming an investment around wax
pattern, eliminating the wax and filling the
resultant mold with a gold alloy.
• In 1907 Taggart changed the practice of
restorative dentistry by introducing his
technique for cast gold restorations.
• It was most certainly Taggart who recognized the
significance of cast gold restorations.
5. MATERIALS FOR CAST METAL
RESTORATIONS
• Until recently gold based alloys have been the
only ones used for cast dental restorations. The
ADA sp # 5 still requires 75% of gold- plus-
platinum group metals to be present in alloys for
cast restorations.
• According to Sturdevant’s there are four distinct
groups of alloys:
The traditional high gold alloys
Low gold alloys
Palladium- silver alloys
Base metal alloys
6. According to Marzouk:
• Class I: gold and platinum group based alloys
• Class II : low gold alloys
• Class III: non- gold palladium based alloys
• Class IV: nicklel chromium based alloys
• Castable moldable ceramics.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11. DEFINTION
• Inlay:-
A fixed intracoronal restoration,a dental
restoration made outside of tooth to
correspond to the form of the prepared
cavity , which is then luted into the tooth.
12. • Onlay:-
A restoration that restores one or more
cusps and adjoining occlusal surfaces or the
entire occlusal surface and is retained by
mechnical or adhesive means.
13. INDICATIONS
• Large restorations:
Better strength
Control of contours and contacts
Better alternative to a crown to teeth that have
been greatly weakened by caries or by a large
failing restoration, but facial and lingual
surfaces are unaffected by disease/injury.
For such a weakened teeth , the superior
physical properties of the casting alloys are
desirable to withstand occlusal loads placed on
the restorations.
14. • Endodontically treated teeth:
Molars and premolars with endodontic
treatment can be restored with cast metal
onlay.
• Teeth at risk for frature:-
Teeth with extensive restoration, fracture line in
enamel and dentin must be recognized as
cleavage planes for future tooth fracture.
15. • Dental rehabilitation with cast metal alloy:
When cast metal restorations have already
been used to restore adjacent or opposite teeth,
the continue use of same metal to avoid
electrical or corrosive activity that may occur if
the dissimilar metals are used.
• Removable prosthodontic abutment:
Teeth that are to serve as abutment for a
removable partial denture can be restored with
cast metal restoration.
16. CONTRAINDICATION:-
High caries rate:
Facial and lingual tooth surface must be free
of caries or previous restorations.
If present, the tooth must be restored with
full crown.
Young patients:-
Amalgam or composite are the restorative
materials for Class I and Class II restorations
unless the tooth is severely broken down or
endodontically restored.
17. • Esthetics:-
Their use restricted to the tooth surfaces that are
not visible at conversational distance.
• Small restorations:-
Amalgam and composite serves as a better
option.
19. DISADVANTAGES
• Number of appointments and more chair time.
• Extensive tooth preparation
• Cost and temporary restoration requirement
• Technique sensitive
• Spliting forces
20. Preoperative considerations
• Occlusion :-
Occlusion contacts must be evaluated
It must be decided that occlusal relationships can
be improved with a cast metal restoration.
The pattern of occlusal contacts influences the
preparation design, the selection of interocclusal
records, and the type of articulator.
21. • Anaesthesia:-
Eliminates pain, reduces salivation.
• Considerations for temporary restorations:-
An index can be fabricated preoperatively
using elastomeric impression or alginate.
23. • DIRECT TECHIQUE:-
Where inlay wax is inserted into the prepared
cavity , carved, contacts made and taken out of
the cavity.
The lab procedure than follow.
24.
25. • Indirect technique:
When an impression of the prepared cavity is
taken and all the procedures are followed in the
model in the lab.
26.
27. GENERAL PRINCIPLES
• Greater surface extension in outline form
than amalgam.
• This facilitates support and efficient marginal
manipulation.
• More extensive surface involvement to
compensate for the cariogenically weak
joints of cast/cement/tooth interface.
28. • The design for a cast restoration is governed by
5 principles:-
1. Preservation of the tooth structure
2. Retention and resistance
3. Structure durability
4. Marginal integrity
5. Preservation of the periodontium.
29. • Preservation of tooth structure:-
In addition to replacing the lost tooth structure,
the cast restoration must preserve the
remaining structure.
Preservation of tooth structure may involve
limited amounts of the tooth being prepared.
30. • Retention and resistance :-
Retention prevents removal of the restoration
along the path of insertion or long axis of the
tooth preparation.
Resistance prevents dislodgment of the
restorations by forces in an apical or oblique
direction and prevents any movement of the
restoration under occlusal forces.
31. • Besides applying the general principles of tooth
and cavity preparation, cast restoration
preparations should have the following
features:-
A) Preparation path:-
Preparation should have a “Single Insertion
Path”
Path is parallel to the long axis of tooth crown.
Helps in retention and decreases the micro
movements of restoration during function.
32.
33. B)Apico- occlusal
taper:-
For maximum retention,
opposing walls and axial
surfaces should be
perfectly parallel to
each other.
Slight divergence of
opposing walls in Intracoraonal .
Slight convergence of axial walls
in Extracoronal.
Taper should be 2-5°
from path of preparation.
34. C) Circumferential tie:-
The peripheral marginal anatomy of the
preparation is called as the “ Circumferential Tie”
Should fulfill the requirements advocated by Noy:
If the preparation ends on enamel, enamel must
supported by sound dentin.
Enamel rods forming the cavosurface margin
should be continous with sound dentin.
Enamel rods forming the cavosurface margin
should be covered by restorative material.
Angular cavosurface angle should be trimmed.
36. • Marginal integrity( Bevels):-
Bevels are defined as “ flexible extensions” of
cavity preparation, allowing the inclusion of
surface defects, supplementary grooves and
other areas on the tooth surface.
Two types of bevels:-
1. Occlusal bevel
2. Gingival bevel
37. Types and design features of occlusal
and gingival bevels
• Partial bevel:
Involves part of
the enamel only,
Not exceeding 2/3rd its
Dimension.
Not used in cast
restoration, except
to trim weak enamel
rods.
38. • Short bevel :-
Includes entire enamel wall but not dentin, it is
used with Class I alloys specially for type 1 & 2 (
Gold platinum based alloys).
39. • Long bevel:-
Includes all enamel and upto ½ of the dentinal
wall, its major advantage is that it preserves the
internal boxed up resistance
Most frequently used bevel for cast materials.
40. • Full bevel:-
Includes all of the enamel and dentinal walls of
the cavity wall and floor. Its use should be
avoided except in cases where it is impossible to
use any other form of bevel.
41. • Counter bevel:-
When capping cusps these protect and support
them.
Given opposite to an axial wall on the facial and
lingual surface.
42. • Hollow ground (concave bevel):-
Allows more space for cast material bulk.
Used to improve retention and resistance to
stresses.
43. • Functions of occlusal and gingival bevel:-
Bevels create an obtuse angles marginal tooth
structure (strong tooth anatomy)
Produce an acute angled marginal cast alloy(
most amenable finishing and burnishing).
Makes it possible to decrease the cement line
by bringing cast alloy closer to the tooth.
They are also part of one of the major retention
form of cast restorations.
44. • PRINCIPLES OF CAVITY DESIGN FOR CAST INLAY
RESTORATIONS:-
• The class II inlay involves the occlusal and
proximal surfaces of a posterior tooth and may
cap one cusps but not all of the cusps.
45. • Indications:-
Cavity width not to exceed 1/3 of intercuspal
distance.
Strong, self resistant cusps.
Indicated teeth have minimal or no occlusal
facets.
Tooth is not be used as an abutment in FPD or
RPD.
Occlusion or occluding surface are not be
changed by restorative procedure.
46. • Steps for class II cast metal inlays:-
initial preparation
Occlusal step
Proximal box
Resistance and retention form
Final preparation
Removal of infected caries and pulpal
protection
Preparation of bevels and flares
Modification
47. Initial preparation :-
ARMANTERIUM:-
BURS:-
Burs used are no. 271, 169L & no. 8862
Sides and the end surface of the bur meet in a
rounded manner to prevent sharp internal angles.
Burs are “plane cut” so that vertical walls are
smooth.
50. • Occlusal step:-
Initial entry is made in the central fossa/ pit
with a tapered fissure bur no. 271 to establish
the pulpal floor (punch out ) to a depth of 1.5
mm
The depth is determined by extent of existing
carious lesions or restorations or the need for
additional retention.
51.
52.
53. • The occlusal outline is
extended mesiodistally
along the central groove
and stopped just short of
the marginal ridge. The is
kept in vertical position in
the long axis of the tooth
through out the preparation
so that its taper provides the
3-5°divergence to the facial
and lingual walls (total
divergence of 6- 10° )
54. • Primary resistance form:-
Use of box shape
Preservation of cusps and marginal
ridges
Slight rounding of internal line angles
Capping weakened cusps
Adequate thickness of restorative material.
71. • Preparation of the bevels and flares:-
The slender flame shaped fine grit diamond is
used to bevel the occlusal and gingival margins
and to apply the secondary flare on the proximal
facial and lingual walls.
It will result in 30-40° marginal metal and 140-
150° cavosurface margin.
72.
73. For the facial and lingual proximal walls in an
inlay cavity preparation for castings flares are
used, which are the flat or concave pheripheral
portions of the facial and lingual walls.
There are two types of flares:-
A) Primary flare
B) Secondary flare
74. • The Primary Flare:
Is the conventional and basic part of the cavity
facially and lingually for an intracoronal
preparation.
It is very similar to a long bevel formed of
enamel and part of the dentin on the facial or
lingual wall. Primary flare also have a specific
angualation i.e 45° to the inner dentinal wall
proper.
75. Functions and indications:-
These design fearures perform the same function
as bevels.
They can bring the facial and lingual margins of the
cavity preparation to cleansable finishable areas.
They are indicated for any facial or lingual proximal
wall of an intracoronal cavity preparation.
76. Secondary flare:-
It is almost always a flat plane superimposed
peripherally to a primary flare. It is usually
prepared solely in enamel. unlike primary flares,
secondary flares have different angulations,
involvement and extent depending on their
function.
Functions and indication of secondary flare:-
lesions with wide bucco-lingual extension.
Contact areas too broad.
87. Capping cusps:-
When the occlusal outline is extended up the
cusp slopes more than half the distance from
primary groove, capping the cusp should be
considered.
If it is extended two thirds or more, capping is
necessary.
90. Box preparation:-
Introduced by Dr. G. V Black in which the
proximal cavities are prepared box shaped with
and buccal and lingual walls and a definite
gingival floor.
Advantages:-
it has its own retention and resistance form .
Direct wax pattern can be made.
The outline form of proximal surfaces can be
made on all types of teeth.
91.
92. Slice preparation:-
A slice is referred to the placement of extra
coronal taper using a disk of adequate diameter
to contact nearly the entire proximal surface.
This form of cavity is modified so that the
proximal surface is flat without definite side
walls.
These slices are generally placed on the buccal
and lingual proximal surfaces independently.
The slice may extend to the cervical floor, or
more frequently will terminate at some point
occlusal floor.
93. • Slice preparation involves
conservative disking of the
proximal surface to establish
the buccal and lingual
extent of finish lines and
provide a lap joint for
finishing.
94. Auxillary slice preparation:-
Wraps partially around the proximal line
angles, thus providing additional tooth support.
Resistance form is enhanced.
Provide external retention form.
95. • Modified flare:-
• The modified flare preparation is a hybrid
between the box and slice preparations.
• Buccal and lingual proximal walls initially
formed with minimal extension, then disked in a
plane that only slightly reduces the proximal
wall dimension.
96.
97. Tooth preparation for cast restoration with
surface extension:-
Reverse Secondary Flare:-
This is a surface extension of the basic
intracoronal inlay or onlay cavity preparation.
The reverse secondary flare is in the form of
partial bevel. It involves only enamel, with its
maximum depth at its junction with the main
cavity preparation.
98. • It ends on the facial or lingual surface with a
knife edge finishing line, and its extent
should not exceed the height of contour of
the facial or lingual surface in the mesio-
distal direction, nor should include the tip of
the cusp.
99. Indications:-
1. Surface extensions are required to include
facial and lingual defects beyond the axial
angle of the tooth.
2. A surface extension is needed to eradicate
severe peripheral marginal undercuts.
3. A surface extension is needed to add to the
retentive capability of the restoration
proximally.
Contraindications:-
This type of surface extension is contraindicated
for Class IV and Class V cast materials.
100.
101. REFERNCES
Art and Science of Operative Dentistry-
Sturdevant’s. fifth edition.
Fundamentals of Operative Dentistry- Marzouk.
Operative dentistry- Summit
Principles and Practice Operative Dentistry.
Third edition. Gerald T. Charbeneau.