1. The document discusses chemical formulas and ionic compounds. 2. Various ions like Ca2+, N3-, and their chemical formulas like Ca3N2 are listed. 3. Combinations of ions that form compounds are shown along with the chemical formulas of the corresponding ionic compounds.

1. 102
3.1 ก
1
F F F F ก F
1. ก ...............................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................
2. ก ก F ก F ก ˈ ........................
.......................................................................................................................................................
3. F ก กF .................... ก ˈ ...........................
4. ก ก .................. ก ˈ ...........................
2
F F ก F
ก
e-
ก F ก e-
F
ก e-
ก F
Li
N
Mg
Cl
Al
O
Br
P
Na

2. 103
3.1 ก
1
F F F F ก F
1. ก ...............................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................
2. ก ก F ก F ก ˈ ........................
.......................................................................................................................................................
3. F ก กF .................... ก ˈ ...........................
4. ก ก .................. ก ˈ ...........................
2
F F ก F
ก
e-
ก F ก e-
F
ก e-
ก F
Li 2 , 1 1 2 Li
+
N 2 , 5 3 2 , 8 N
3-
Mg 2 , 8, 2 2 2 , 8 Mg
2+
Cl 2 , 8 , 7 1 2 , 8 , 8 Cl
-
Al 2 , 8, 3 3 2 , 8 Al
3+
O 2 , 6 2 2 , 8 O
2-
Br 2 , 8, 18 , 7 1 2 , 8, 18 , 8 Br
-
P 2 , 8, 5 3 2 , 8, 8 P
3-
Na 2 , 8, 1 1 2 , 8 Na
+
ก กก F ก F
F F F ก ˈ ก
F
ก F F F F ก ก 8
ก

3. 104
3.2 ก F
ก ก
F ก ก
F F F ก
Ca
2+
N
3-
Al
3+
O
2-
Mg
2+
Cl
-
Ca
2+
P
3-
Na
+
O
2-
Ca
2+
Br
-
Al
3+
F
-
Ca
2+
Cl
-
Al
3+
Br
-
Mg
2+
O
2-
Ca
2+
F
-
Na
+
Cl
-
Ca
2+
P
3-
Al
3+
P
3-
Li
+
S
2-

4. 105
3.2 ก F
ก ก
F ก ก
F F F ก
Ca
2+
N
3-
Ca3N2
Al
3+
O
2-
Al2O3
Mg
2+
Cl
-
MgCl2
Ca
2+
P
3-
Ca3P2
Na
+
O
2-
Na2O
Ca
2+
Br
-
CaBr2
Al
3+
F
-
AlF3
Ca
2+
Cl
-
CaCl2
Al
3+
Br
-
AlBr3
Mg
2+
O
2- MgO
Ca
2+
F
-
CaF2
Na
+
Cl
- NaCl
Ca
2+
P
3-
Ca3P2
Al
3+
P
3- AlP
Li
+
S
2-
Li2S

5. 106
3.3 ก ก
ก ก
ก ก ก
ก
Ca3N2
Al2O3
MgCl2
Ca3P2
Na2O
CaBr2
AlF3
CaCl2
AlBr3
MgO
CaF2
NaCl
AlP
Li2S

6. 107
3.3 ก ก
ก ก
ก ก ก
ก
Ca3N2
F
Al2O3
ก F
MgCl2
ก F
Ca3P2
F
Na2O ก F
CaBr2
F
AlF3
F
CaCl2
F
AlBr3
F
MgO ก ก F
CaF2
F
NaCl F
AlP F
Li2S F

7. 108
3.4 F
ก ก
F F ก F
F F
F
F ก
Ca
2+
N
3-
Al
3+
O
2-
Mg
2+
Cl
-
Ca
2+
P
3-
Na
+
O
2-
Ca
2+
Br
-
Al
3+
F
-
Ca
2+
Cl
-
Al
3+
Br
-
Mg
2+
O
2-
Ca
2+
F
-
Na
+
Cl
-
Ca
2+
P
3-
Al
3+
P
3-
Li
+
S
2-

8. 109
3.4 F
ก ก
F F ก F
F F
F
F ก
Ca
2+
N
3- 3 2 Ca3N2
Al
3+
O
2- 2 3 Al2O3
Mg
2+
Cl
- 1 2 MgCl2
Ca
2+
P
3- 3 2 Ca3P2
Na
+
O
2- 2 1 Na2O
Ca
2+
Br
- 1 2 CaBr2
Al
3+
F
- 1 3 AlF3
Ca
2+
Cl
- 1 2 CaCl2
Al
3+
Br
- 1 3 AlBr3
Mg
2+
O
2- 1 1 MgO
Ca
2+
F
- 1 2 CaF2
Na
+
Cl
- 1 1 NaCl
Ca
2+
P
3- 3 2 Ca3P2
Al
3+
P
3- 1 1 AlP
Li
+
S
2- 2 1 Li2S

9. 110
ก ก ก ก F
F
ก ก ˆ ก
ก F
ก F
ก
4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1
20
................................................... F
............../.................../................
F ก F F ก F
ˈ F F ก F ก
F ก ก
ก F
ก Fก F
ก = 4
= 3
F = 2
= 1
ก Fก
F
17 20
13 16
9 12
1 8
ก
F