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Culture is defined as shared beliefs and standards that guide individual behavior within a group. Hofstede studied how national cultures interact with organizational cultures and identified five dimensions that characterize cultures: power distance (degree of equality), individualism vs. collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity, uncertainty avoidance, and long vs. short term orientation. These dimensions influence societal norms and organizational structures.
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Culture
Culture is defined as shared beliefs and standards that guide a group's behaviors and decisions. Hofstede studied how national cultures interact with organizational cultures and identified five cultural dimensions that vary across countries: power distance, individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, uncertainty avoidance, and long vs short-term orientation. These dimensions influence a society's expectations around issues like power structures, personal goals vs group affiliation, competitiveness vs caring, ambiguity tolerance, and emphasis on past/present vs future.
Chapter 6 Part 1 Cst229
The document discusses cultural values and dimensions that impact behavior. It describes how values can differ in importance, direction, and intensity between individuals and cultures. Some dominant American values mentioned are individuality, freedom, equality, democracy, and achievement. It also outlines four dimensions identified by Hofstede as impacting culture: power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs collectivism, and masculinity vs femininity. High power distance cultures have a large gap between those with and without power while low power distance cultures value equality and independence.
Individualism And Collectivism
This document contrasts individualism and collectivism in cultures. It defines individualism as promoting independence, goals, competition, and private self-knowledge, while collectivism focuses on relatedness, belonging, duty, harmony, advice-seeking, and hierarchies. Countries rated as highly individualistic include the US, Australia, and Great Britain, while more collectivist countries include Guatemala, Ecuador, and South Korea. The document also discusses how cultures differ in their views on autonomy versus embeddedness in groups and motivations for responsible behavior.
Dimensionalizing cultures the hofstede model in context
This document summarizes Geert Hofstede's model of cultural dimensions and how it was developed based on prior conceptual work. It discusses how earlier researchers proposed dimensions to classify cultures but had weaknesses in clearly defining levels of analysis. Hofstede's model improved on this by focusing only on national cultures and empirically identifying dimensions. It describes some of the dimensions proposed by earlier researchers that influenced Hofstede, such as individualism-collectivism and power distance. Hofstede's study validated three dimensions identified in an earlier review as being consistently identified in studies of national character: relation to authority, conception of self, and ways of dealing with primary dilemmas.
Malaysia and Collectivism
This document discusses Malaysia as a collectivist culture based on Geert Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory. It provides examples of how collectivism is reflected in Malaysian society, including parenting styles that emphasize obedience and interdependence over independence, concepts of self that value social harmony over uniqueness, and organizational values that prioritize group goals. The document also examines research comparing individualism-collectivism of Malaysian and British students, finding Malaysians more collectivist in some contexts but not others. In 3 sentences: Malaysia exhibits traits of a collectivist culture according to Hofstede's dimensions, as seen in parenting that socializes children for interdependence and concepts of self tied to social roles rather than independence, though research found both collectiv
Intcult comm present hofstede. Group 3
Professor Geert Hofstede is a Dutch psychologist known for developing a model of national culture dimensions based on extensive research. His research identified six dimensions along which national cultures can be analyzed: power distance, individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, uncertainty avoidance, pragmatic vs normative, and indulgence vs restraint. The findings of Hofstede's research are widely used in psychology and management studies to understand cultural differences between societies.
Hofstede's cultural dimension theory
,geert hofstead ,dimensions of natural culture ,un certainity avoidance index ,long term and short term orientation ,indulgence vs restraint ,power distance index ,masculinity vs femininity
OSEI Common Language Guide
This document was adopted from the Resource Center Team within the Office of Diversity & Inclusion of Amherst College as a guide to common, shared language around identity.
This project emerged out of a need to come to a common and shared understanding of language in order to foster opportunities for community building and effective communication within and across difference.
This is a list of carefully researched and thoughtfully discussed definitions for key diversity and inclusion terms. It is by no means a comprehensive list, but it is a good place for us to start. We understand that language around identity, privilege, oppression and inclusion is always changing, evolving and expanding.
If there is a term that you feel should be included here, or possibly redefined, please let us know. You can email The Office of Equity & Inclusion (OSEI), at osei@georgetown.edu.
Recommended
Culture
Culture is defined as shared beliefs and standards that guide a group's behaviors and decisions. Hofstede studied how national cultures interact with organizational cultures and identified five cultural dimensions that vary across countries: power distance, individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, uncertainty avoidance, and long vs short-term orientation. These dimensions influence a society's expectations around issues like power structures, personal goals vs group affiliation, competitiveness vs caring, ambiguity tolerance, and emphasis on past/present vs future.
Chapter 6 Part 1 Cst229
The document discusses cultural values and dimensions that impact behavior. It describes how values can differ in importance, direction, and intensity between individuals and cultures. Some dominant American values mentioned are individuality, freedom, equality, democracy, and achievement. It also outlines four dimensions identified by Hofstede as impacting culture: power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs collectivism, and masculinity vs femininity. High power distance cultures have a large gap between those with and without power while low power distance cultures value equality and independence.
Individualism And Collectivism
This document contrasts individualism and collectivism in cultures. It defines individualism as promoting independence, goals, competition, and private self-knowledge, while collectivism focuses on relatedness, belonging, duty, harmony, advice-seeking, and hierarchies. Countries rated as highly individualistic include the US, Australia, and Great Britain, while more collectivist countries include Guatemala, Ecuador, and South Korea. The document also discusses how cultures differ in their views on autonomy versus embeddedness in groups and motivations for responsible behavior.
Dimensionalizing cultures the hofstede model in context
This document summarizes Geert Hofstede's model of cultural dimensions and how it was developed based on prior conceptual work. It discusses how earlier researchers proposed dimensions to classify cultures but had weaknesses in clearly defining levels of analysis. Hofstede's model improved on this by focusing only on national cultures and empirically identifying dimensions. It describes some of the dimensions proposed by earlier researchers that influenced Hofstede, such as individualism-collectivism and power distance. Hofstede's study validated three dimensions identified in an earlier review as being consistently identified in studies of national character: relation to authority, conception of self, and ways of dealing with primary dilemmas.
Malaysia and Collectivism
This document discusses Malaysia as a collectivist culture based on Geert Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory. It provides examples of how collectivism is reflected in Malaysian society, including parenting styles that emphasize obedience and interdependence over independence, concepts of self that value social harmony over uniqueness, and organizational values that prioritize group goals. The document also examines research comparing individualism-collectivism of Malaysian and British students, finding Malaysians more collectivist in some contexts but not others. In 3 sentences: Malaysia exhibits traits of a collectivist culture according to Hofstede's dimensions, as seen in parenting that socializes children for interdependence and concepts of self tied to social roles rather than independence, though research found both collectiv
Intcult comm present hofstede. Group 3
Professor Geert Hofstede is a Dutch psychologist known for developing a model of national culture dimensions based on extensive research. His research identified six dimensions along which national cultures can be analyzed: power distance, individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, uncertainty avoidance, pragmatic vs normative, and indulgence vs restraint. The findings of Hofstede's research are widely used in psychology and management studies to understand cultural differences between societies.
Hofstede's cultural dimension theory
,geert hofstead ,dimensions of natural culture ,un certainity avoidance index ,long term and short term orientation ,indulgence vs restraint ,power distance index ,masculinity vs femininity
OSEI Common Language Guide
This document was adopted from the Resource Center Team within the Office of Diversity & Inclusion of Amherst College as a guide to common, shared language around identity.
This project emerged out of a need to come to a common and shared understanding of language in order to foster opportunities for community building and effective communication within and across difference.
This is a list of carefully researched and thoughtfully discussed definitions for key diversity and inclusion terms. It is by no means a comprehensive list, but it is a good place for us to start. We understand that language around identity, privilege, oppression and inclusion is always changing, evolving and expanding.
If there is a term that you feel should be included here, or possibly redefined, please let us know. You can email The Office of Equity & Inclusion (OSEI), at osei@georgetown.edu.
Low Uncertainty avoidance (Communication Dimension)
Uncertainty avoidance refers to the extent to which a culture feels threatened by ambiguous situations and tries to avoid them by establishing more structure and rules. Cultures with high uncertainty avoidance have more rules and structure, suppress emotions, and are more conservative. Cultures with low uncertainty avoidance have fewer rules, are more accepting of dissent and ambiguity, and express emotions more openly. Examples are given of countries that score high or low on uncertainty avoidance.
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This document discusses concepts related to race and ethnicity including:
1) Race has historically been defined along genetic, legal, and social lines, but the social definition is most important in interactions.
2) Terms like multiracial, interracial, and ethnic groups are defined.
3) Minorities are groups singled out for unequal treatment, and prejudice involves negative attitudes while discrimination involves unequal actions.
4) Racial and ethnic relations can involve assimilation, pluralism, subjugation, segregation, expulsion, or annihilation of groups.
Individualism vs Collectivism, Deviance, Groupthink
This document discusses individualism vs collectivism, deviance, and groupthink. It provides examples of individualistic and collectivistic cultures, defines deviance as disagreeing with the group, and outlines several theories of deviance. Groupthink is defined as a highly cohesive group's impaired decision making due to pressure for conformity. Conditions that can lead to groupthink include insulation, lack of impartial leadership, and stress. Symptoms include overconfidence and pressure for uniformity in decisions. Prevention includes allowing discussion time and probing each member's ideas.
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The document discusses various frameworks for understanding differences in intercultural communication styles. It describes Edward Hall's theory of high-context vs low-context cultures, which refers to whether most information is embedded in people or the environment (high-context) or explicitly stated (low-context). It also outlines Hofstede's individualism vs collectivism dimension and high vs low power distance dimension for comparing cultures. The document aims to help readers understand their own cultural communication tendencies relative to these frameworks.
Cultural characteristics that affects communication small group project
Cultural characteristics can significantly impact communication in small groups. Six key characteristics are:
1) Worldview - One's beliefs about life and their place in the world. Cultures have either a "being" view that sees destiny as predetermined or a "doing" view that believes people can influence events.
2) Individualism/Collectivism - Whether a culture prioritizes individual needs or group needs. Individualist cultures focus on individuals while collectivist cultures focus on the group.
3) Power Distance - The degree a culture accepts power differences. Low power distance cultures minimize differences while high power distance cultures emphasize status differences.
cultural aspects of information systems development
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China Collectivism vs Western Individualism
Understanding the individualism versus collectivism as a cultural dimension clearly shows the diversity in how societies relate to one another. In individualistic societies it’s more about acknowledging individual accomplishments, not mixing social life and work life too much, privacy, encouraging debate and expression of an own idea. On the other hand, in collectivistic societies wisdom is the most important factor, avoid giving negative feedback, highly encouraged to suppress feelings that may cause rife in the group and people are encouraged to be polite and to say “No” causes people to lose face thus should be avoided and that’s where China falls… You can learn more by visiting our blog here! https://www.laowaicareer.com/blog/global-cultural-dimensions-collectivism-vs-individualism/
Culturally competent pedagogy
Training for university faculty on cultural competence and the development of pedagogy that is culturally competent.
Лекция. Параметры Хофштеде
This document summarizes Hofstede's cultural dimensions of individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation. It describes each dimension and provides characteristics of cultures that are high or low on each dimension. For example, it states that individualistic cultures focus on self-interest while collectivistic cultures prioritize group interests and norms.
Hidden voices of black men
This document summarizes a study examining perspectives on manhood and masculinity among Black men. Through interviews, the study identified three central themes in how Black men define manhood: 1) identity and self-direction, with independence and perseverance as key factors; 2) connections to family, which men saw as giving their lives meaning; and 3) spirituality and humanism, including the importance of religious and community ties. Older men had more expansive views of manhood compared to younger men. The study suggests viable concepts of masculinity have failed to develop fully in Black communities.
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The document discusses the competitive advantage of diversity and inclusion. It defines key terms like diversity, intersectionality, and inclusion. Diversity refers to all the ways people differ, including aspects like race, gender, age, religion, and other attributes. Intersectionality recognizes how oppressions are interlinked and cannot be solved alone. Inclusion creates an environment where people feel valued, respected, and able to achieve their full potential. The document also outlines building an impactful diversity strategy, leadership engagement, and a sustainable culture as ways to realize the competitive advantage of diversity and inclusion.
Geert Hofstede and Richard R Gesteland model on south african culture
South Africa is located at the southern tip of Africa, bordered by the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. It is a diverse country with many different peoples, climates, and landscapes, earning it the nickname of "Rainbow Nation." The document then provides some key facts about South Africa's population, land area, capital cities, ethnic groups, languages, religions, industries, and other statistics.
the globe cultural taxonomy part1
This document discusses different cultural dimensions related to assertiveness, performance orientation, relationship to the natural world, communication style, and future orientation. It contrasts high and low contexts on each dimension. For example, it states that high performance-oriented cultures value competitiveness and achievement, while low performance-oriented cultures value cooperation and relationships. It also notes that high future-oriented cultures emphasize planning and delayed gratification, while low future-oriented cultures live more in the present moment.
Holfsteds framework for cultural difference
In this presentation, we took a look at a few countries and where they are on the spectrum of Hofstede's framework. How these countries behave on the same situation.
© anif nawaz. sadman sakib, umme sadia.
Multimethod probes of individualism and collectivism
Multimethod probes of individualism and collectivismWilderness Adventure Camp at Pulau Tuba, Langkawi by Halim Mazmin
culture are important in producing advertising; individualism and collectivism are part of the culture dimension.Social stratification
The document discusses social stratification and the role of education and teachers in society. It defines social stratification as the horizontal division of society into higher and lower social units based on factors such as wealth, social class, ethnicity, gender, political status, and religion. Education should focus on equality of opportunities and catering to different segments of society. Teachers play an important role as architects of the future generation by imparting knowledge, inculcating values, and developing students' personalities, citizenship, and character. The document also discusses the meaning, nature, types, and most vulnerable groups of marginalized populations as well as the role of education in empowering marginalized groups.
Geert hofstede's cultural dimension theory Bus 187
Geert Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory analyzes cultures based on power distance, individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity. The theory was developed by Geert Hofstede based on his research on how people from different countries interact differently based on these four cultural dimensions.
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The document discusses individualism and collectivism, defining them as cultural dimensions that influence relationships. Individualism refers to independence and prioritizing personal goals, whereas collectivism emphasizes interdependence, loyalty to groups, and group harmony. Some advantages of individualism include valuing uniqueness and self-sufficiency, while disadvantages include difficulties forming social bonds. Collectivism's advantages include community support systems, though over-reliance on groups can enable laziness. The document contrasts individualist and collectivist values and attributes, and provides examples of how each orientation shapes child-rearing patterns.
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The document discusses Geert Hofstede's research on cultural dimensions and provides information on how several countries score on Hofstede's indices of Power Distance, Individualism, Masculinity, Uncertainty Avoidance, and Long Term Orientation. Specific details are given on the cultural dimension scores and characteristics of Israel, the Arab World, China, India, and the United States.
What did you say? A tutorial on intercultural communication
What one says to compatriots in face-to-face conversation is often misunderstood; imagine the
possibilities for misunderstandings with someone from halfway around the world, natively
speaking another language, and living in a different culture! In such circumstances how can you
be sure that your collocutor has understood you in face-to-face (hard), telephone (harder), and
email (hardest) conversations?
The ubiquity of English facilitates basic communication, but its use as a common language
frequently disguises cultural differences. Regardless of language, clear communication is essential for success in any collaborative undertaking whether done by a small co-located group or by a globally dispersed team.
This tutorial describes frameworks useful in understanding cultural differences and gives real-life
examples of misunderstandings due to such differences. Expect to take away practical tools to
understand your own cultural biases and in-class practice to boost your communication abilities
with colleagues from other cultures. You will also learn about frameworks for understanding other
cultures based on work by Geert Hofstede, Fons Trompenaars, and others as well as on the
presenter's own experiences.
Introduction-to-Hofstedes-Cultural-Dimensions-Theory.pptx
Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory identifies six dimensions that distinguish between national cultures: power distance, individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term vs short-term orientation, and indulgence vs restraint. These dimensions provide a framework for understanding how cultural values influence behaviors in the workplace and society. Each dimension is defined by where cultures fall on a spectrum between two polar opposites. For example, power distance refers to a culture's acceptance of hierarchical structures and inequality of power.
Introduction to international business environment.pptx
Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory identifies six dimensions that distinguish between national cultures: power distance, individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term vs short-term orientation, and indulgence vs restraint. These dimensions provide a framework for understanding how cultural values influence behaviors in the workplace and society. Each dimension is defined by where cultures fall on a spectrum between two polar opposites. For example, power distance refers to a culture's acceptance of hierarchical structures and inequality of power.
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Chapter 10
This document discusses concepts related to race and ethnicity including:
1) Race has historically been defined along genetic, legal, and social lines, but the social definition is most important in interactions.
2) Terms like multiracial, interracial, and ethnic groups are defined.
3) Minorities are groups singled out for unequal treatment, and prejudice involves negative attitudes while discrimination involves unequal actions.
4) Racial and ethnic relations can involve assimilation, pluralism, subjugation, segregation, expulsion, or annihilation of groups.
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This document discusses individualism vs collectivism, deviance, and groupthink. It provides examples of individualistic and collectivistic cultures, defines deviance as disagreeing with the group, and outlines several theories of deviance. Groupthink is defined as a highly cohesive group's impaired decision making due to pressure for conformity. Conditions that can lead to groupthink include insulation, lack of impartial leadership, and stress. Symptoms include overconfidence and pressure for uniformity in decisions. Prevention includes allowing discussion time and probing each member's ideas.
Culture Communication Cotr Pd
The document discusses various frameworks for understanding differences in intercultural communication styles. It describes Edward Hall's theory of high-context vs low-context cultures, which refers to whether most information is embedded in people or the environment (high-context) or explicitly stated (low-context). It also outlines Hofstede's individualism vs collectivism dimension and high vs low power distance dimension for comparing cultures. The document aims to help readers understand their own cultural communication tendencies relative to these frameworks.
Cultural characteristics that affects communication small group project
Cultural characteristics can significantly impact communication in small groups. Six key characteristics are:
1) Worldview - One's beliefs about life and their place in the world. Cultures have either a "being" view that sees destiny as predetermined or a "doing" view that believes people can influence events.
2) Individualism/Collectivism - Whether a culture prioritizes individual needs or group needs. Individualist cultures focus on individuals while collectivist cultures focus on the group.
3) Power Distance - The degree a culture accepts power differences. Low power distance cultures minimize differences while high power distance cultures emphasize status differences.
cultural aspects of information systems development
cultural aspects of information systems development, culture models, internationalization of information systems
China Collectivism vs Western Individualism
Understanding the individualism versus collectivism as a cultural dimension clearly shows the diversity in how societies relate to one another. In individualistic societies it’s more about acknowledging individual accomplishments, not mixing social life and work life too much, privacy, encouraging debate and expression of an own idea. On the other hand, in collectivistic societies wisdom is the most important factor, avoid giving negative feedback, highly encouraged to suppress feelings that may cause rife in the group and people are encouraged to be polite and to say “No” causes people to lose face thus should be avoided and that’s where China falls… You can learn more by visiting our blog here! https://www.laowaicareer.com/blog/global-cultural-dimensions-collectivism-vs-individualism/
Culturally competent pedagogy
Training for university faculty on cultural competence and the development of pedagogy that is culturally competent.
Лекция. Параметры Хофштеде
This document summarizes Hofstede's cultural dimensions of individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation. It describes each dimension and provides characteristics of cultures that are high or low on each dimension. For example, it states that individualistic cultures focus on self-interest while collectivistic cultures prioritize group interests and norms.
Hidden voices of black men
This document summarizes a study examining perspectives on manhood and masculinity among Black men. Through interviews, the study identified three central themes in how Black men define manhood: 1) identity and self-direction, with independence and perseverance as key factors; 2) connections to family, which men saw as giving their lives meaning; and 3) spirituality and humanism, including the importance of religious and community ties. Older men had more expansive views of manhood compared to younger men. The study suggests viable concepts of masculinity have failed to develop fully in Black communities.
The Competitive Advantage of Diversity and Inclusion - Audra Jenkins, Loretta...
The document discusses the competitive advantage of diversity and inclusion. It defines key terms like diversity, intersectionality, and inclusion. Diversity refers to all the ways people differ, including aspects like race, gender, age, religion, and other attributes. Intersectionality recognizes how oppressions are interlinked and cannot be solved alone. Inclusion creates an environment where people feel valued, respected, and able to achieve their full potential. The document also outlines building an impactful diversity strategy, leadership engagement, and a sustainable culture as ways to realize the competitive advantage of diversity and inclusion.
Geert Hofstede and Richard R Gesteland model on south african culture
South Africa is located at the southern tip of Africa, bordered by the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. It is a diverse country with many different peoples, climates, and landscapes, earning it the nickname of "Rainbow Nation." The document then provides some key facts about South Africa's population, land area, capital cities, ethnic groups, languages, religions, industries, and other statistics.
the globe cultural taxonomy part1
This document discusses different cultural dimensions related to assertiveness, performance orientation, relationship to the natural world, communication style, and future orientation. It contrasts high and low contexts on each dimension. For example, it states that high performance-oriented cultures value competitiveness and achievement, while low performance-oriented cultures value cooperation and relationships. It also notes that high future-oriented cultures emphasize planning and delayed gratification, while low future-oriented cultures live more in the present moment.
Holfsteds framework for cultural difference
In this presentation, we took a look at a few countries and where they are on the spectrum of Hofstede's framework. How these countries behave on the same situation.
© anif nawaz. sadman sakib, umme sadia.
Multimethod probes of individualism and collectivism
Multimethod probes of individualism and collectivismWilderness Adventure Camp at Pulau Tuba, Langkawi by Halim Mazmin
culture are important in producing advertising; individualism and collectivism are part of the culture dimension.Social stratification
The document discusses social stratification and the role of education and teachers in society. It defines social stratification as the horizontal division of society into higher and lower social units based on factors such as wealth, social class, ethnicity, gender, political status, and religion. Education should focus on equality of opportunities and catering to different segments of society. Teachers play an important role as architects of the future generation by imparting knowledge, inculcating values, and developing students' personalities, citizenship, and character. The document also discusses the meaning, nature, types, and most vulnerable groups of marginalized populations as well as the role of education in empowering marginalized groups.
Geert hofstede's cultural dimension theory Bus 187
Geert Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory analyzes cultures based on power distance, individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity. The theory was developed by Geert Hofstede based on his research on how people from different countries interact differently based on these four cultural dimensions.
Collectivism versus individualism
The document discusses individualism and collectivism, defining them as cultural dimensions that influence relationships. Individualism refers to independence and prioritizing personal goals, whereas collectivism emphasizes interdependence, loyalty to groups, and group harmony. Some advantages of individualism include valuing uniqueness and self-sufficiency, while disadvantages include difficulties forming social bonds. Collectivism's advantages include community support systems, though over-reliance on groups can enable laziness. The document contrasts individualist and collectivist values and attributes, and provides examples of how each orientation shapes child-rearing patterns.
Cultural differences pt1 2
The document discusses Geert Hofstede's research on cultural dimensions and provides information on how several countries score on Hofstede's indices of Power Distance, Individualism, Masculinity, Uncertainty Avoidance, and Long Term Orientation. Specific details are given on the cultural dimension scores and characteristics of Israel, the Arab World, China, India, and the United States.
What did you say? A tutorial on intercultural communication
What one says to compatriots in face-to-face conversation is often misunderstood; imagine the
possibilities for misunderstandings with someone from halfway around the world, natively
speaking another language, and living in a different culture! In such circumstances how can you
be sure that your collocutor has understood you in face-to-face (hard), telephone (harder), and
email (hardest) conversations?
The ubiquity of English facilitates basic communication, but its use as a common language
frequently disguises cultural differences. Regardless of language, clear communication is essential for success in any collaborative undertaking whether done by a small co-located group or by a globally dispersed team.
This tutorial describes frameworks useful in understanding cultural differences and gives real-life
examples of misunderstandings due to such differences. Expect to take away practical tools to
understand your own cultural biases and in-class practice to boost your communication abilities
with colleagues from other cultures. You will also learn about frameworks for understanding other
cultures based on work by Geert Hofstede, Fons Trompenaars, and others as well as on the
presenter's own experiences.
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Similar to 603316 634235055119263750
Introduction-to-Hofstedes-Cultural-Dimensions-Theory.pptx
Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory identifies six dimensions that distinguish between national cultures: power distance, individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term vs short-term orientation, and indulgence vs restraint. These dimensions provide a framework for understanding how cultural values influence behaviors in the workplace and society. Each dimension is defined by where cultures fall on a spectrum between two polar opposites. For example, power distance refers to a culture's acceptance of hierarchical structures and inequality of power.
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Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory identifies six dimensions that distinguish between national cultures: power distance, individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term vs short-term orientation, and indulgence vs restraint. These dimensions provide a framework for understanding how cultural values influence behaviors in the workplace and society. Each dimension is defined by where cultures fall on a spectrum between two polar opposites. For example, power distance refers to a culture's acceptance of hierarchical structures and inequality of power.
Shaping Interpretations of Reality
The document discusses several cultural value dimensions that shape perceptions of reality. It defines perception and how culture influences it. Beliefs form the basis of values, which then inform attitudes and behaviors. The dominant U.S. cultural patterns discussed are individualism, equal opportunity, science/technology, work/play identity, and competitive nature. Hofstede's cultural value dimensions of individualism/collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, power distance, and masculinity/femininity are also summarized. Finally, the concepts of high-context vs low-context communication and the importance of "face" in collectivist cultures are briefly covered.
Chapter 5 PowerPoint
This chapter discusses how culture shapes perceptions of reality through values and beliefs. It defines perception as how people make sense of their world, which is influenced by the symbols and ideas learned from their culture. Cultural values then arise from shared beliefs about what is considered true, right, or good. The chapter outlines several theories about cultural value dimensions, such as individualism versus collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, and concepts of time and human nature. It also discusses how communication styles can vary between high- and low-context cultures.
6-nationality-and-identity.ppt
This document discusses national cultural dimensions as defined by Geert Hofstede. It outlines six dimensions of national culture: power distance, individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term vs short-term orientation, and indulgence vs restraint. For each dimension, it provides a definition and describes where countries fall on that spectrum. It also notes that country scores are relative and cultures tend to shift together over time, maintaining their positions relative to one another. Examples are given comparing scores of different countries on the dimensions.
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Three key comparative studies in cross-cultural management and psychology are summarized. Hofstede proposed five cultural dimensions: power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation. Schwartz identified seven value types. Trompenaars proposed seven cultural dimensions including universalism vs. pluralism and individualism vs. communitarianism. The theories are influential but have limitations such as overgeneralizing cultures and using limited samples. They provide a framework for understanding intercultural sensitivity and assessing its role in leadership across cultures.
Hofstede's cultural dimensions
Here are some key points that could be discussed:
- Hofstede's model provides a useful framework for analyzing and comparing cultural differences, but it also has limitations since cultures are complex and not fully defined by these dimensions.
- People's experiences and perspectives are shaped by their cultural background, so seeing issues through another cultural lens aided by models like Hofstede's can foster cross-cultural understanding.
- However, models also risk overgeneralizing or oversimplifying cultures. Individual experiences within a culture can vary widely.
- Overall, Hofstede's dimensions seem most helpful when used as a starting point for discussion rather than a definitive analysis, and with an understanding of both their benefits and limitations
Chap6: Communicating Across Cultures
This slideshow was created to accompany the sixth chapter of Communicate! by Kathleen S. Verderber, Rudolph F. Verderber and Deanna D. Sellnow. Publisher: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning. ISBN-13: 978-0-495-90171-6
Chap2 culture
The document discusses various frameworks for analyzing and classifying culture, including:
1) Hofstede's dimensions of cultural values which includes individualism/collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity/femininity.
2) Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck's framework which analyzes variations in values orientations around concepts like time, human nature, and relationships.
3) Trompenaars' seven dimensions of culture which examines universalism vs particularism, individualism vs communitarianism, and achievement vs ascription.
4) The frameworks provide tools for understanding differences in cultural values but also have limitations as cultures are complex and constantly changing.
Hofstedesculturaldimensions.pptx
This document provides an outline and overview of Geert Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory. It discusses the six dimensions of culture identified by Hofstede: high vs low context cultures, power distance, individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, uncertainty avoidance, and long vs short term orientation. For each dimension, it provides examples of the typical opinions and characteristics of cultures that are high or low on that dimension. The document concludes with two discussion questions asking about applying Hofstede's dimensions to one's native culture and the usefulness of the theory.
Cultural and social forces
This document discusses culture and its influence on human behavior and business. It defines culture and examines how it is manifested through symbols, heroes, rituals, values, and norms. It also explores how culture shapes attitudes toward time, work, leisure, business, education, and religion. Hofstede's cultural model is presented, analyzing cultural dimensions like power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism, masculinity, and long-term orientation. The document concludes that understanding cultural complexity and distance is essential for international business success.
Improving Cultural Competence TIP 59 Part 1
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Assumption 1: Counselors will not be able to sustain culturally responsive treatment without the organization's commitment to it.
Assumption 2: An understanding of race, ethnicity, and culture (including one's own) is necessary to appreciate the diversity of human dynamics and to treat all clients effectively
Assumption 3: Incorporating cultural competence into treatment improves therapeutic decision-making and offers alternate ways to define and plan a treatment program that is firmly directed toward progress and recovery
Assumption 4: Consideration of culture is important at all levels of operation—individual, programmatic, and organizational
Assumption 5: Culturally congruent interventions cannot be successfully applied when generated outside a community or without community participation.
Assumption 6: Public advocacy of culturally responsive practices can increase trust among the community, agency, and staff.
slide-1-topic-2-week-7-8issues-in-ccc.pptx
This document discusses issues in cross-cultural communication and how culture impacts perception and communication. It outlines that culture governs both language/thought and behaviors/activities. Cultural differences present greater obstacles to communication than linguistic differences alone. Culture shapes perceptions in areas like individualism vs collectivism, roles, social hierarchies, values, and thought patterns. These cultural lenses can lead to misunderstandings between people from different cultures unless accounted for in cross-cultural interactions and communication. The document provides taxonomy of potential cultural barriers and differences that can obstruct cross-cultural understanding.
Greet hofstede cultural dimensions
This document discusses Hofstede's cultural dimensions model and describes the characteristics of cultures that score high or low on each dimension:
1. Power Distance - Cultures with large power distance have centralized authority and acceptance of inequality, while small power distance cultures have decentralized authority and questioning of power.
2. Uncertainty Avoidance - Strong uncertainty avoidance cultures avoid risk and have strict rules and structure, while weak uncertainty avoidance cultures accept uncertainty and take risks more easily.
3. Individualism vs Collectivism - Individualistic cultures value independence over groups, while collectivistic cultures prioritize group harmony and sacrifice self-interest for the group.
4. Masculinity vs Femininity - Masculine
4. typologies of culture
There are several typologies that attempt to categorize and compare cultures:
1) Edward Hall distinguished between high-context and low-context cultures, where high-context cultures communicate more implicitly and low-context cultures more explicitly.
2) Geert Hofstede studied IBM employees worldwide and identified five dimensions of national culture: power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, and long-term orientation.
3) Florence Kluckhohn and Fred Strodtbeck proposed several orientations for analyzing cultures, such as human nature, relation to environment, social relationships, and time orientation.
Essential cultural value patterns
Cultural values serve important functions such as providing identity, explaining behaviors, regulating in-groups and out-groups, and enabling adaptation. Key cultural value dimensions include individualism vs. collectivism, small vs. large power distance, weak vs. strong uncertainty avoidance, feminine vs. masculine, and independent vs. interdependent self-construal. Cultural values shape communication and behaviors in important ways but do not determine the behaviors of every individual member of a culture.
New cultural and social forces
Culture is defined as the learned behaviors, values, and beliefs shared by a society. It encompasses symbols, heroes, rituals, values, norms, and expressions. Hofstede's model identifies key dimensions of culture including power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, and long vs short-term orientation. While useful for business, Hofstede's model has limitations and culture is complex with intracultural differences existing within societies. Understanding cultural distance is important for international business.
3 culture and management
The document discusses several key aspects of culture:
- Culture has visible and hidden layers, with deeper levels like values and beliefs often masked by surface elements like rituals, heroes, and symbols.
- Hofstede's cultural dimensions model identifies how cultures vary along dimensions like power distance, individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, uncertainty avoidance, long vs short-term orientation, and indulgence vs restraint.
- Understanding differences in how cultures relate to these dimensions can provide insight into cultural variations in areas like leadership, relationships, time perception, risk tolerance, and priorities.
HOFSTEDE DIMENSION
Here is a one page proposal on how to improve relationship between Malaysian students and students from other cultures in UUM based on Hofstede's cultural dimensions:
Proposal to Improve Inter-Cultural Relationships at UUM
Background: UUM has a diverse student population from many different cultures. However, there can be challenges in relationships between Malaysian students and international students due to cultural differences.
Objective: To foster greater intercultural understanding and improve relationships between Malaysian and international students at UUM.
Activities:
- Organize cultural appreciation workshops that educate students about different cultures based on Hofstede's dimensions such as power distance, individualism vs. collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity
Hofstede dimension dlatest_ - copy
This document discusses Hofstede's cultural dimensions model which identifies 6 dimensions for comparing cultures: power distance, individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, uncertainty avoidance, long term vs short term orientation, and indulgence vs restraint. For each dimension, countries or cultures can be placed on a spectrum ranging from high to low on each dimension based on surveys of employee values from around the world. The document provides descriptions and examples of countries that are high and low on each of these cultural dimensions.
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- 2. Culture is a set of beliefs or standards, shared by a group of people, which help the individual decide what is, what can be, how to feel, what to do and how to go about doing it
- 3. Language Nationality Sex Education Profession Ethnic group Religion Social class Corporate culture Family
- 4. Hofstede’s studies of the interactions between national cultures and organizational cultures demonstrated that there are national and regional cultural groupings that affect the behaviors of societies and organizations, and that are very persistent across time
- 5. Low and High Power Distance Individual and collectivism Masculinity v/s Femininity Uncertainty avoidance Long and short term orientation
- 6. Low vs High Power Distance: The extent to which the less powerful members of institutions and organizations expect and accept that power is distributed unequally Low PD (Austria, Israel, Denmark, New Zealand) expect power relations which are more consultative or democratic. A sense of equality as human beings prevades High PD (Malaysia): autocratic and paternalistic structures. Power is centralized
- 7. Individualism vs. Collectivism: Refers to the extent to which people are expected to stand up for themselves and to chose their own affiliations, or alternatively act predominantly as a member of a life-long group or organization In individual societies: people tend to be motivated by personal preferences, needs and rights; personal goals and rational analysis take precedence In collectivist societies: people tend to be motivated by norms and duties imposed by the group; ingroup goals and relational analysis takes precedence
- 8. Masculinity vs. Femininity Refers to the value placed on traditionally male or female values Masculine cultures: competitiveness, assertiveness, ambition, per sonal achievement accumulation of wealth Feminine cultures: caring for others, nurturing roles, quality of life.
- 9. Uncertainty Avoidance: The extent to which members of a society attempt to cope with anxiety by minimizing uncertainty. High UA societies: avoidance of ambiguous situations, preference of known stable situations, uncertainty-reducing rules and procedures Low UA societies: ambiguity is more accepted.Uncertainty = opportunity. People as individualsare the engine of change
- 10. Long vs. Short Term Orientation: Describes a society’s “time horizon,” or the importance attached to the future versus the past and present LT societies: values include persistence, ordering relationships by status, thrift, having a sense of shame (China, Japan, Asian countries) ST societies: values include personal steadiness and stability, normative statements, protecting one’s face, respect for traditions, and reciprocation of greetings, favors and gifts (Western nations)