5
New Product Launch Marketing Plan: Part 1
MKT/571
The New Product Launch Marketing Plan
This paper is a product launch plan for the Unite States of America (USA) and Mexico, the home market is the USA and also known as the domestic market. Mexico is the international market and has a need for children's books too. The product will be defined and include a product description and an assessment of the market needs for this product or service. The target audiences are parents and grandparents with young children and grandchildren respectively that are dog owners or considering purchasing a dog. This paper will quantify the decision to launch this children’s book based, on quantitative and qualitative market analysis. An internal and external examination of the company and existing competition, direct analysis from developing a SWOT analysis. This paper will evaluate the potential growth rate and uncover information on similar products to come up with a growth rate over three years.
Finally, a 10-question survey instrument including possible answers for closed-ended questions and scalar questions will be developed for use in the final marketing plan. The questionnaire will be used to collect additional primary data about buyers. Set at least one goal for this survey; and answer the questions why is it being conducted, and how will the team benefit from the results regarding planning and decision making (University of Phoenix, 2016)?
Product Definition
The Spenserian Publishing Companyis launching a new product, a children’s book. The book will publish in English and Spanish. The book, Taking Care of Max and Niles will provide parents and grandparents a vehicle to entertain and instruct their children and grandchildren about caring for dogs. This book will give children a fundamental understanding of what it means to own and care for a dog.
Product Description
The children's book written for children between the ages of 5-11 and is a beginning level reading book with illustrations combined with text on each page. The book is interactive and designed to be a storybook for younger children that are learning how to read; providing an opportunity for parents and grandparents to contribute and bond with their children and grandchildren while introducing them to dogs. This book provides the fundamentals of the responsibility of dog ownership in a fun and informative way that children can easily understand. The book: Taking Care of Max and Niles, offered in classic hardcover, paperback, electronic, and audio versions.
Assess the market needs for this product or service
Dog ownership in the United States and Mexico is very common. The ASPCA estimates that approximately 70-80 million dogs in the U.S. are owned (ASPCA, 2016). It is also estimated that up to one out of every two households owns a dog (ASPCA, 2016). In Mexico, the last decade has seen a rise in the middle-class population (Dailymail, 2016). At present there are r.
Kristen Wisneski is developing a subscription service that delivers organic and sustainable feminine hygiene and self-care products to women's homes. Her goals are to provide convenient access to these products for busy women and those without access. Her target market includes women ages 21-35 in Portland, Oregon who have busy schedules as working moms, students, or professionals. Competition includes similar subscription services like Lola and Peach Pack that deliver menstrual products and other items. Market research shows demand among middle-income families in the growing Portland region.
Descriptive Essay Research Paper Research Question ESerena Faye
American consumerism has significant environmental effects. The typical American consumes far more resources and causes more pollution than citizens of other countries. Consumerism encourages overproduction of unnecessary goods that are rarely repaired, reused, or recycled. It also contributes to waste, pollution, and lack of economic sustainability. Large corporations depend on high sales volumes to justify their massive investments in overseas production and domestic advertising. This drives ever-increasing consumption, resource depletion, and pollution.
Essay On Student Life For Students. Student Essay - 9+ Examples, Format, Pdf | Examples. Student Life is Golden Life – Short Essay | Behavior Modification .... Student Life Essay for Students and Children | 500 Words Essay. Essay on Student Life - Topessaywriter. My Life as a College Student - PHDessay.com. Write essay Student Life in English | Essay on student life in english .... MY SCHOOL LIFE ESSAY.docx. Life of a student – Essay | Essay, Student, Student life. School essay: Essay on students life. School life (400 Words) - PHDessay.com. Essay on student life in english || Student life essay in english - YouTube. Essay student life golden life. 028 Student Life Essay Example ~ Thatsnotus. 002 Essay School Life Example ~ Thatsnotus. Essay on"Student Life" |How to write an essay on student life | English writing |writing |Eng Teach. short essays for esl students. Essay on Student Life in English. Descriptive essay: My student life essay. 13 Awards Winning Essays on My Life [ 2023 ]. Critical Essay: Short essay on good school. College essay: Essay on students life. Essay On College Life Pdf995. My School Life Essay | Essay about life, Essay writing examples .... 011 Essay Example Life Of Students College Application Assistance .... 006 Essay Example Student Life Scan0159 ~ Thatsnotus. 010 Essay Example Student Life In English On Short Importance Of .... Student Life Essay In English | Paragraph On Student Life | Student .... essay on student life | write essay on student life | student life .... Life of a Student Essay in a Video - YouTube. High School Essay - 10+ Examples, Format, Pdf | Examples. Importance Of Discipline In Students Life Essay 200 Words | Sitedoct.org. Student essays: Essay about school life. Short Essay on Life of a Student - High School and College - Blogs Essays On Student Life
The document provides instructions for using the writing service HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email. 2) Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment if pleased. 5) Request revisions to ensure satisfaction, with a refund offered for plagiarized work.
Research Report Example - Frank StrategyChris Neary
This secondary research report was compiled for an early stage client intending to sell maternity and baby products in the US. They had a stable but small customer base in Canada and were interested to scale up to address a US market. Inevitably, the company changed direction as a result of this exercise (which also included primary research, competitive analysis, market testing and business planning). Instead of focussing on limited time sales, which was saturated in the US and had limited appeal, they instead focussed on helping the mother make good purchase decisions. The client adopted a content marketing strategy instead of a PPC strategy, which added stability and authenticity. They also focussed the brand around helping mums be good mums, rather than merely 'cheap and fast' clothing.
The Manadoob Secret Connection Program for Self-Esteem provides a non-threatening environment for children to improve self-esteem while they learn and grow through the use of multi-cultural characters, animals, craft and imagination in the form of educational play. Academic skills in reading, writing, vocabulary, problem solving, observation, artistic expression and community outreach are enhanced. It’s fun and kids love it!!
Make a difference in a child’s life by giving the gift of The Manadoob Progra...manadoob
The Manadoob Program is a children's educational program created by June Salin and Susan Cooper that aims to reduce bullying and violence by teaching empathy. It uses fictional animal characters called Manadoobs to teach children skills like understanding their own and others' feelings, developing self-esteem, and connecting to their community and world. The program provides lessons and activities to build these skills and has been successfully implemented in schools and youth programs.
This document discusses advertising directed at children in the United States. It notes that billions are spent annually marketing to American youth, especially foods high in sugar, fast food, candy, soda, and toys. While children influence household purchases, they are also easily impressionable. The US government regulates children's advertising through the FCC and FTC to address issues like childhood obesity. The document then provides an overview of advertising techniques commonly used on children internationally and regulations in different world regions.
Kristen Wisneski is developing a subscription service that delivers organic and sustainable feminine hygiene and self-care products to women's homes. Her goals are to provide convenient access to these products for busy women and those without access. Her target market includes women ages 21-35 in Portland, Oregon who have busy schedules as working moms, students, or professionals. Competition includes similar subscription services like Lola and Peach Pack that deliver menstrual products and other items. Market research shows demand among middle-income families in the growing Portland region.
Descriptive Essay Research Paper Research Question ESerena Faye
American consumerism has significant environmental effects. The typical American consumes far more resources and causes more pollution than citizens of other countries. Consumerism encourages overproduction of unnecessary goods that are rarely repaired, reused, or recycled. It also contributes to waste, pollution, and lack of economic sustainability. Large corporations depend on high sales volumes to justify their massive investments in overseas production and domestic advertising. This drives ever-increasing consumption, resource depletion, and pollution.
Essay On Student Life For Students. Student Essay - 9+ Examples, Format, Pdf | Examples. Student Life is Golden Life – Short Essay | Behavior Modification .... Student Life Essay for Students and Children | 500 Words Essay. Essay on Student Life - Topessaywriter. My Life as a College Student - PHDessay.com. Write essay Student Life in English | Essay on student life in english .... MY SCHOOL LIFE ESSAY.docx. Life of a student – Essay | Essay, Student, Student life. School essay: Essay on students life. School life (400 Words) - PHDessay.com. Essay on student life in english || Student life essay in english - YouTube. Essay student life golden life. 028 Student Life Essay Example ~ Thatsnotus. 002 Essay School Life Example ~ Thatsnotus. Essay on"Student Life" |How to write an essay on student life | English writing |writing |Eng Teach. short essays for esl students. Essay on Student Life in English. Descriptive essay: My student life essay. 13 Awards Winning Essays on My Life [ 2023 ]. Critical Essay: Short essay on good school. College essay: Essay on students life. Essay On College Life Pdf995. My School Life Essay | Essay about life, Essay writing examples .... 011 Essay Example Life Of Students College Application Assistance .... 006 Essay Example Student Life Scan0159 ~ Thatsnotus. 010 Essay Example Student Life In English On Short Importance Of .... Student Life Essay In English | Paragraph On Student Life | Student .... essay on student life | write essay on student life | student life .... Life of a Student Essay in a Video - YouTube. High School Essay - 10+ Examples, Format, Pdf | Examples. Importance Of Discipline In Students Life Essay 200 Words | Sitedoct.org. Student essays: Essay about school life. Short Essay on Life of a Student - High School and College - Blogs Essays On Student Life
The document provides instructions for using the writing service HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email. 2) Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment if pleased. 5) Request revisions to ensure satisfaction, with a refund offered for plagiarized work.
Research Report Example - Frank StrategyChris Neary
This secondary research report was compiled for an early stage client intending to sell maternity and baby products in the US. They had a stable but small customer base in Canada and were interested to scale up to address a US market. Inevitably, the company changed direction as a result of this exercise (which also included primary research, competitive analysis, market testing and business planning). Instead of focussing on limited time sales, which was saturated in the US and had limited appeal, they instead focussed on helping the mother make good purchase decisions. The client adopted a content marketing strategy instead of a PPC strategy, which added stability and authenticity. They also focussed the brand around helping mums be good mums, rather than merely 'cheap and fast' clothing.
The Manadoob Secret Connection Program for Self-Esteem provides a non-threatening environment for children to improve self-esteem while they learn and grow through the use of multi-cultural characters, animals, craft and imagination in the form of educational play. Academic skills in reading, writing, vocabulary, problem solving, observation, artistic expression and community outreach are enhanced. It’s fun and kids love it!!
Make a difference in a child’s life by giving the gift of The Manadoob Progra...manadoob
The Manadoob Program is a children's educational program created by June Salin and Susan Cooper that aims to reduce bullying and violence by teaching empathy. It uses fictional animal characters called Manadoobs to teach children skills like understanding their own and others' feelings, developing self-esteem, and connecting to their community and world. The program provides lessons and activities to build these skills and has been successfully implemented in schools and youth programs.
This document discusses advertising directed at children in the United States. It notes that billions are spent annually marketing to American youth, especially foods high in sugar, fast food, candy, soda, and toys. While children influence household purchases, they are also easily impressionable. The US government regulates children's advertising through the FCC and FTC to address issues like childhood obesity. The document then provides an overview of advertising techniques commonly used on children internationally and regulations in different world regions.
As part of Student Consulting for Nonprofits at Ithaca College, I was granted the unique opportunity to effect change in an organization through my knowledge of marketing. Throughout the semester, my team communicated with the client over the phone and in person to best understand the organizations marketing challenges and goals. Based on this dialogue, we developed strategic marketing solutions for the organization to implement over the next several months. I was mainly responsible for the layout of the booklet, as well as collecting primary research. We provided the client with this deliverable and pitched our suggestions to them at the end of the semester.
Codes for Coffee: Mock Starbucks Social ResponsibilityBrent A. Hamilton
The blissful ignorance surrounding hunger and lack of adequate nutrition is an issue forced inadvertently to the background; this charitable discrepancy is an effect of the textbook execution of a marketing strategy for diseases such as cancer, diabetes and others thus creating a hierarchy of public concentration.
Thanks to the campaigning and charitable donations, preventative disease awareness has become a welcomed staple in the progressive American experience. We at Starbucks have evaluated the silence surrounding hunger in the United States, and decided to use our influence to provide sustenance and bring light to a starved issue currently lying idle behind the shade of
others. We hope to be a voice to the 46 million Americans suffering with hunger and make feeding our nation a more significant cause in the minds of the general public.
My Best Friend Essay In English 150 Words Essay on My Best Friend for .... My Best Friend Essay in 500 words for Students. My Best Friend Essay for Class 3 with PDF VocabularyAN. Essay on A Good Friend A Good Friend Essay for Students and Children .... My Best Friend Essays An Essay on True Best Friend . MY BEST FRIEND ESSAY ON MY BEST FRIEND SMALL ESSAY FOR KIDS - YouTube. My Best Friend Essay in English with Quotations - Kips Notes - Ilmi Hub. Short Essay On My Best Friend For Class 7 Sitedoct.org. Essay About My Best Friend by Professional Essay Writers - Issuu. Write an essay on My Best Friend Essay Writing English - YouTube. My Best Friend Essay in English 800 Words Friendship essay, 500 word .... Essay On My Best friend In English my best friend essay in English .... My Best Friend Essay My Best Friend Essay on My Best Friend .... About my best friend essay Order Custom Essays at littlechums.com.. Reflection essay: Essays on my best friend. Essay on My Best Friend My Best Friend Essay Yashri Corner - YouTube. My Dear Friend Essay Sketsa. Essay My Best Friend Class 3 - Essay on My Best Friend for Kids and .... Essay about my best friend - College Homework Help and Online Tutoring.. 014 Essay Example My Best Friend In English Thatsnotus. essay on my best friend Sitedoct.org. Essays on my best friend essay writing service. short essay friendship day. My best friend essay 1219 words studymode. 022 Essay Example My Best Friends Friend Class Topics Writing On In .... Business paper: An essay on my best friend. Narrative Essay: Essay of my best friend. Value Of Friendship Essay In Hindi Sitedoct.org. What Make A Good Friend Essay Sitedoct.org. My Best Friend Essay My Best Friend Essay for Students and Children .... Accueil. A short essay about my best friend. Essay On Friendship in English for Classes 1, 2 amp; 3: 10 Lines, Short ... My Best Friend Essay For Children My Best Friend Essay For Children
The document summarizes a market research report on Titli, a children's fortnightly magazine published by National Publishing Company. The report found that while Titli was still the market leader, its circulation had declined 40% since 1987. It also found that 45% of past Titli buyers had lapsed in the last 2-3 years, with many citing that reading affects studies or they can easily borrow magazines. The report provided insights into readers' profiles, purchase patterns, popular features, and children's leisure activities to help the marketing manager understand how to increase sales.
This document provides a summary of the "Children's Publishing Market Forecast 2013" report. The 196-page report examines trends in the children's publishing market, including data on children's e-book adoption and surveys of adults who purchase children's books. It provides statistics on bestselling books, authors, and publishers. The report also profiles 15 juvenile categories and provides market projections through 2014. It is intended to help industry professionals understand shifts in the children's market and consumer behaviors related to digital books and tablets.
This document provides an overview and business plan for Blossom, a proposed feminine hygiene subscription service. Blossom aims to cater to busy women ages 22-32 by providing convenient, customizable subscriptions of high-quality organic products. In addition to selling subscriptions for $25/month, Blossom will donate an equal number of products to women's shelters. The plan outlines Blossom's target market on the West Coast, competition in the industry, and marketing strategy focusing on social media and local events.
THIS IS YOUR MANUAL! THIS IS IT! HERE! RIGHT HERE! THIS IS YOUR MANUAL! LOOK ...Stephanie Medina Hernandez
Scholastic is launching a new app called "Doors to Literacy" to promote reading among children ages 5-11. The app will feature virtual reality books where children can interact with environments and characters. Scholastic will promote the app through social media ads on YouTube, Facebook and Instagram. They will also demonstrate the app at book fairs. The goal is to increase literacy rates and encourage productive technology use by monitoring quiz performance and app downloads. The campaign is estimated to cost $1.6 million but generate a 542.5% return on investment.
The Best American Essays Of The CenturyReina Rosado
The Best American Essays of the Century, Book by JOYCE CAROL OATES .... The Best American Essays of the Century (The Best American Series .... [Ebook] Reading The Best American Essays of the Century Full PDF. The best american essays of the century introduction. The Making of the American Essay (A New History of the Essay .... American literature final essay. The Best American Essays of the Century by Garrison Keillor. The Best American Essays of the Century by Joyce Carol Oates. Cheapest copy of The Best American Essays of the Century (The Best .... Купити книгу "The Best American Essays" в Києві та Україні. Literature, Media, and Culture | The English Department. Milestones in American History Since 1865 Essay Example | Topics and .... The Best American Essays 2010 by Robert Atwan | Goodreads. EBOOK_HARCOVER LIBRARY The Best American Essays of the Century The Best .... The Best American Essays of the Century **SIGNED** by Oates, Joyce .... Best american essays 2015 audiobook - The Best American Essays 1992 Read. American Essay Writer - Essay Writing Service. epub_$ library The Best American Essays of the Century The Best .... 021 The Best American Essays Of Century Page 1 Essay ~ Thatsnotus. The Nineteenth Century America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written .... Pin on American Culture in the 19th century. Famous american essay writers: from early days to contemporary essayi…. EBOOK_HARCOVER LIBRARY The Best American Essays of the Century The Be…. ≫ History of American Novel in the 19th Century Free Essay Sample on .... american literature The Best American Essays Of The Century
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The document discusses the growing Hispanic population in the United States based on Census data and projections. It notes that Hispanics are the fastest growing demographic segment and will drive significant growth and influence over the coming decades. The document advises marketers to understand key facts about the Hispanic population, such as their youthfulness and openness to new technologies, in order to better connect with Hispanic consumers and translate their potential into effective marketing strategies. It emphasizes starting to engage the Hispanic audience now rather than waiting for the 2010 Census results.
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This document outlines a business plan for a proposed smoothie shop called MACJUICE. It discusses the strategy of an existing competing smoothie shop called JAMBAJUICE. JAMBAJUICE effectively uses marketing strategies like competitive pricing, smoothies-to-go, and loyalty programs. It also targets customers in the local Greensboro area. The business plan will evaluate if MACJUICE is viable compared to JAMBAJUICE, discuss the best business ownership type, and provide an outline for MACJUICE's business plan.
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Sonnet 130 by William Shakespeare parodies traditional love poems that embellish the beauty of the subject. Instead, it lists plain features of the speaker's love in a simple, matter-of-fact tone. While breaking conventions, the poem still conveys genuine affection through its honest portrayal instead of artificial flattery. It subverts expectations to show love defined more by emotional connection than physical attraction.
This document discusses different ways to define and categorize audiences. It describes quantitative research which uses numbers and statistics to measure audience size. Qualitative research provides more in-depth opinions and reasons through methods like interviews. Socio-economic status categorizes people based on income, education and occupation. Psychographics examines personality, values and lifestyles. Geodemographics uses location data to group people. Other factors discussed include age, gender, and whether an audience is mainstream or niche. The document provides examples of how understanding these audience characteristics helps media producers target their content.
The document discusses several fields within the field of photography that provide job opportunities, including photojournalism, wedding photography, portrait photography, and scientific photography. It provides details on the education requirements, typical salaries, and responsibilities for each of these fields. Photojournalists can earn $41,000-$45,000 annually and require a bachelor's degree, while wedding photographers do not need formal education and typically earn around $37,190. Portrait and scientific photographers require experience and specialized equipment or education.
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make sure it's a APA STYLE
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As part of Student Consulting for Nonprofits at Ithaca College, I was granted the unique opportunity to effect change in an organization through my knowledge of marketing. Throughout the semester, my team communicated with the client over the phone and in person to best understand the organizations marketing challenges and goals. Based on this dialogue, we developed strategic marketing solutions for the organization to implement over the next several months. I was mainly responsible for the layout of the booklet, as well as collecting primary research. We provided the client with this deliverable and pitched our suggestions to them at the end of the semester.
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The document summarizes a market research report on Titli, a children's fortnightly magazine published by National Publishing Company. The report found that while Titli was still the market leader, its circulation had declined 40% since 1987. It also found that 45% of past Titli buyers had lapsed in the last 2-3 years, with many citing that reading affects studies or they can easily borrow magazines. The report provided insights into readers' profiles, purchase patterns, popular features, and children's leisure activities to help the marketing manager understand how to increase sales.
This document provides a summary of the "Children's Publishing Market Forecast 2013" report. The 196-page report examines trends in the children's publishing market, including data on children's e-book adoption and surveys of adults who purchase children's books. It provides statistics on bestselling books, authors, and publishers. The report also profiles 15 juvenile categories and provides market projections through 2014. It is intended to help industry professionals understand shifts in the children's market and consumer behaviors related to digital books and tablets.
This document provides an overview and business plan for Blossom, a proposed feminine hygiene subscription service. Blossom aims to cater to busy women ages 22-32 by providing convenient, customizable subscriptions of high-quality organic products. In addition to selling subscriptions for $25/month, Blossom will donate an equal number of products to women's shelters. The plan outlines Blossom's target market on the West Coast, competition in the industry, and marketing strategy focusing on social media and local events.
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Scholastic is launching a new app called "Doors to Literacy" to promote reading among children ages 5-11. The app will feature virtual reality books where children can interact with environments and characters. Scholastic will promote the app through social media ads on YouTube, Facebook and Instagram. They will also demonstrate the app at book fairs. The goal is to increase literacy rates and encourage productive technology use by monitoring quiz performance and app downloads. The campaign is estimated to cost $1.6 million but generate a 542.5% return on investment.
The Best American Essays Of The CenturyReina Rosado
The Best American Essays of the Century, Book by JOYCE CAROL OATES .... The Best American Essays of the Century (The Best American Series .... [Ebook] Reading The Best American Essays of the Century Full PDF. The best american essays of the century introduction. The Making of the American Essay (A New History of the Essay .... American literature final essay. The Best American Essays of the Century by Garrison Keillor. The Best American Essays of the Century by Joyce Carol Oates. Cheapest copy of The Best American Essays of the Century (The Best .... Купити книгу "The Best American Essays" в Києві та Україні. Literature, Media, and Culture | The English Department. Milestones in American History Since 1865 Essay Example | Topics and .... The Best American Essays 2010 by Robert Atwan | Goodreads. EBOOK_HARCOVER LIBRARY The Best American Essays of the Century The Best .... The Best American Essays of the Century **SIGNED** by Oates, Joyce .... Best american essays 2015 audiobook - The Best American Essays 1992 Read. American Essay Writer - Essay Writing Service. epub_$ library The Best American Essays of the Century The Best .... 021 The Best American Essays Of Century Page 1 Essay ~ Thatsnotus. The Nineteenth Century America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written .... Pin on American Culture in the 19th century. Famous american essay writers: from early days to contemporary essayi…. EBOOK_HARCOVER LIBRARY The Best American Essays of the Century The Be…. ≫ History of American Novel in the 19th Century Free Essay Sample on .... american literature The Best American Essays Of The Century
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Descriptive Essay Examples - 27+ Samples in PDF | DOC | Examples. How to Write a Descriptive Essay: 14 Steps (with Pictures). FREE 9+ Descriptive Essay Examples in PDF | Examples. Example Of A Good Descriptive Essay – Telegraph. Descriptive essay writing examples for college students. Example Of Descriptive Essay / Free Descriptive Essay Examples For Your .... Descriptive essay. How To Write A Descriptive Essay Example - What Is a Descriptive Essay .... Good Descriptive Essay Examples for All Students. College Essay: How to write a descriptive essay about a place. Narrative Essay: Short descriptive essay example. 006 Essay Example Diagnostic Examples Of Good Descriptive Essays Sample .... Descriptive Essay Examples College. 13 Best Descriptive Essay Examples and Templates. FREE 6+ Descriptive Essay Samples in PDF. Descriptive Essay Structure Pdf | Sitedoct.org. How to write a descriptive essay about my mother - How to write a .... Descriptive Essay Example | Template Business. Descriptive Essay About Person – Sketsa. College essay: Descriptive essay thesis. Descriptive Essay: Topics, Outline and Writing Tips | HandMadeWriting. School Essay: Descriptive essays on a person. 015 Descriptive Essay Examples Example Topics For College Students .... Descriptive Essay Writing Help: Topics and Examples. 001 Sample Descriptive Essay ~ Thatsnotus. College essay: Descriptive composition pdf.
Reflective essay: Write a short paragraph on summer vacation. Paragraph on Summer Season For Students - Student Essays. Essay on Summer season || Write essay on summer season in English .... All Summer in a Day Essay example (500 Words) - PHDessay.com. ᐅ Short 10 Lines Essay on Summer Season for Kids - Your Hop. Summer Camp Essay | Essay on Summer Camp for Students and Children in .... Essay on Summer Season | Short paragraph on summer season - YouTube. My Plans for Summer Vacation Essay | Essay on My Plans for Summer .... Write a short essay on Hot Summer Day | Essay Writing | English - YouTube. Narrative essay: Narrative essay on my favourite summer vacation. Short essay on summer season for class 4. A Hot Summer Day Essay For Class 6 - Brainly.in. The Crucial Lesson of Obedience: A Summer Tale in Savannah, Georgia .... Essay on Summer Season in English | Short Essay. Essay on Summer season || Write essay on summer season in English || Paragraphs on summer season. 020 Summer Essay Example Writing Publish Essays Profile On Person Camp .... ⛔ Essay on summer vacation for class 4. My Plans for Summer Vacation ....
Essay On Over Population. Overpopulation in the World - Free Essay Example P...Morgan Hampton
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The document discusses the growing Hispanic population in the United States based on Census data and projections. It notes that Hispanics are the fastest growing demographic segment and will drive significant growth and influence over the coming decades. The document advises marketers to understand key facts about the Hispanic population, such as their youthfulness and openness to new technologies, in order to better connect with Hispanic consumers and translate their potential into effective marketing strategies. It emphasizes starting to engage the Hispanic audience now rather than waiting for the 2010 Census results.
Topics For Division And Classification EssaysNikki Barreto
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Edith cowan university school of law & justronak56
This document outlines a business plan for a proposed smoothie shop called MACJUICE. It discusses the strategy of an existing competing smoothie shop called JAMBAJUICE. JAMBAJUICE effectively uses marketing strategies like competitive pricing, smoothies-to-go, and loyalty programs. It also targets customers in the local Greensboro area. The business plan will evaluate if MACJUICE is viable compared to JAMBAJUICE, discuss the best business ownership type, and provide an outline for MACJUICE's business plan.
History Essay Competition 2014. Online assignment writing service.Lisa Long
Sonnet 130 by William Shakespeare parodies traditional love poems that embellish the beauty of the subject. Instead, it lists plain features of the speaker's love in a simple, matter-of-fact tone. While breaking conventions, the poem still conveys genuine affection through its honest portrayal instead of artificial flattery. It subverts expectations to show love defined more by emotional connection than physical attraction.
This document discusses different ways to define and categorize audiences. It describes quantitative research which uses numbers and statistics to measure audience size. Qualitative research provides more in-depth opinions and reasons through methods like interviews. Socio-economic status categorizes people based on income, education and occupation. Psychographics examines personality, values and lifestyles. Geodemographics uses location data to group people. Other factors discussed include age, gender, and whether an audience is mainstream or niche. The document provides examples of how understanding these audience characteristics helps media producers target their content.
The document discusses several fields within the field of photography that provide job opportunities, including photojournalism, wedding photography, portrait photography, and scientific photography. It provides details on the education requirements, typical salaries, and responsibilities for each of these fields. Photojournalists can earn $41,000-$45,000 annually and require a bachelor's degree, while wedding photographers do not need formal education and typically earn around $37,190. Portrait and scientific photographers require experience and specialized equipment or education.
Similar to 5New Product Launch Marketing Plan Part 1.docx (20)
· Present a discussion of what team is. What type(s) of team do .docxalinainglis
· Present a discussion of what team is. What type(s) of team do you have in your organization?
· What is meant by the “internal processes” of a team? Why is it important to manage both the internal processes and external opportunities/constraints of a team?
Note: It should contain 3 pages with citation included and References should be in APA format
.
· Presentation of your project. Prepare a PowerPoint with 8 slid.docxalinainglis
· Presentation of your project. Prepare a PowerPoint with 8 slides illustrating the role in Interdisciplinary care for our aging population (Outcome 1,2,3,4,5) (6 hours).
Make sure it has nursing diagnosis
make sure it's a APA STYLE
make sure it has reference
.
· Prepare a research proposal, mentioning a specific researchabl.docxalinainglis
· Prepare a research proposal, mentioning a specific researchable title, background, Review of literature, research questions and objectives, methodology, resources and references.
· Prepare the Gant Chart to indicate the timescale for completing the proposal
RESEARCH PROPOSAL OUTLINE
1. Title
2. Background (introduction)
3. Review of literature
4. Research Questions & objectives
5. Methodology
4.1 Research Design
4.2 Participants
4.3 Techniques
4.4 Ethical Considerations
6. Time scale (Gantt chart)
7. Resources
8. References
.
· Previous professional experiences that have had a profound.docxalinainglis
· Previous professional experiences that have had a profound effect:
Before I started college, my parents wanted me to excel in healthcare knowing its high demand. The path to health care and eventual employment in a notable hospital setting seemed less risky than the one of Art and design. A few networking events and some LinkedIn leads later I came across an opportunity to start a Biomedical Engineering startup in South Florida with two investors willing to mentor me in a field I wasn’t familiar with. Luckily this new venture I was undertaking had a somewhat speculative risk. I made sure they were mostly in my favor thanks to the connections my investors had in the industry, and my background in health care. My hard work and diligence paid off slowly teaching myself the mechanics of the industry through the engineers we would hire. I remember watching how they would calibrate medical devices from pumps to life-saving equipment in awe. And with the same tenacity absorbing all the medical jargon in the Biomed world. I was adamant about doing my best and being the best even if that meant leaving my creative dreams behind. We started the business almost four years ago as a small minority women-owned business in the corner of a business complex. Five biomedical engineers and six technicians later we are still scaling and have since expanded our office from that small corner to the entire business building. Currently, we are a nationally recognized Biomed and medical supply company for some of the largest healthcare facilities in both the civilian and government sector. Yet through out all the achievement I felt the only sense of raw passion was when I collaborated with my engineers in delivering problem solving services to the hospital we served. Their job was to service devices in a hospital at a micro level and I would bridge that gap by identifying problems and finding opportunities in product service at a large-scale. Working hand in hand with the engineers in articulating the hospital need for turnover I would use design through projective process in creating a plan that would work in the most practical sense.
This moment of free creative problem solving was the highlight of my job. It gave me an opportunity to realize that although at times my approach was unconventional it would work. My systematic methodology I had adapted from working with engineers and my innate out of the box idea would come to together to solve some of the most challenging issues. Little did I know that this minor stroke of self-awareness would one day have me consider architecture.
Your current strengths and weaknesses in reaching your goal.
I realized my creative talents in design could not flourish under the pressures of work. I would constantly leave the office feeling drained in a profession my heart was not set on. In this I learned my weakness was how far I was willing to neglect the urge for creativity, and in exchange it jeopardized my sense of purpos.
· Please select ONE of the following questions and write a 200-wor.docxalinainglis
· Please select ONE of the following questions and write a 200-word discussion.
1. The Federal Reserve Board has enormous power over people's lives with its power to set and influence policy that determines monetary policy in the United States. Do you think this is proper for a democracy to provide the FED with so such power? How is the FED held accountable?
2. Do you believe that the roles of government should change from era to era, or should the US determine the proper role of government and try to maintain it through the ages?
3. Explain Executive Power in the US Constitution and briefly the process by which it developed over the years. Do you think the Framers should have been more specific about the powers of the presidency? Should the country try to make it more specific today?
· Please read the discussions below and write a 100 to 150 words respond for each discussion.
1. (question 1) I do believe that this is proper for a democracy to provided such power to FED. Without the FED the economy would face two problem, which are recessions that can lead into depressions, and inflation. The FED needs to have power to endures the country will not fall into economic trouble. In class professor McWeeney stated that the FED has the power to increase interest rates to control inflation, and the power to decrease interest rates so that theres more money in the economy to create more business and jobs so there wont be a recession. The FED needs these power to try to put the economy in a sweet spot. The FED is held accountable to the government and public. The FED does this by being transparent and giving and annual report to congress.
2. (question 2) I believe that the roles of the government should be changed from era to era. My main reason the roles should be changed is because major changes are constantly happening in the field of law. For example, the progressive era and modern era had several economic reforms that had taken place including increased regulation, anti-trust activity, application of an income tax, raise on social insurance programs, etc. Throughout this time, the government gave women the right to vote. I believe the economy is growing rapidly due to employment relationships, better technology, education, new polices, social and economic changes. This is the reason why the roles of the government should be changed from era to era.
Communicating professionally and ethically is one of the
essential skill sets we can teach you at Strayer. The following
guidelines will ensure:
· Your writing is professional
· You avoid plagiarizing others, which is essential to writing ethically
· You give credit to others in your work
Visit Strayer’s Academic Integrity Center for more information.
Winter 2019
https://pslogin.strayer.edu/?dest=academic-support/academic-integrity-center
Strayer University Writing Standards 2
� Include page numbers.
� Use 1-inch margins.
� Use Arial, Courier, Times New Roman.
· Please use Firefox for access to cronometer.com16 ye.docxalinainglis
· Please use
Firefox
for access to
cronometer.com
16 years old Female. Born on 01/05/2005. Height 5’4, 115 lbs
· Menu Analysis
DAY 2
Quesadilla
Fiesta beans
Salsa
Sour cream
Corn
Fruit
· Submit Screen Shot for Nutrient report for assignment menu(s)
§ Right click to use “Take a screenshot” feature (Firefox only) on specific date you want to have screen shot to save/obtain.
Nutrient Report and Food Intake
· The paper must include all required elements including
each
Cronometer, Excess, Deficit, and
G
roup
Summary of your nutrient report and food intake
Excess
:
· List
ALL
Nutrients that are
Over 100% (Except Amino Acids)
on Cronometer Nutrient report
· List
Food Items
on menu that may reflect excess nutrients on Cronometer Nutrient report
Deficit
:
· List
ALL
Nutrients that are
Less than 50% (Except Amino Acids)
on Cronometer Nutrient report
· List
Food Items
on menu that may reflect deficit nutrients on Cronometer Nutrient report
Summary
:
§ Summarize your overall in 1-2 paragraph, evaluation and conclusion of nutrients and food items on the menu.
.
· Please share theoretical explanations based on social, cultural an.docxalinainglis
· Please share theoretical explanations based on social, cultural and environmental factors, which may contribute to victimization from criminal behavior
· Based on your personal or professional experience share your thoughts on what coping mechanism (internal and external), and support processes can be considered if becoming a crime victim?
.
· If we accept the fact that we may need to focus more on teaching.docxalinainglis
· If we accept the fact that we may need to focus more on teaching civic responsibility, how can this work with both "policies and people" in the school where you become principal?
In order to increase the focus on teaching civic responsibility, policy must be in place supporting this goal. A school leader must be willing to invest time and funds into planning, training, and implementing curriculum that emphasizes civics. Staff members may have different levels of interest, understanding, and comfort when it comes to incorporating civic responsibility into their teaching, so providing professional development in this area would be critical. The strategic plan for integrating civic responsibility and the expectations for each teacher’s involvement should be clearly communicated. In addition to establishing these policies regarding civics education, the school leader and teachers must work to model civic responsibility. In addition to sharing his or her vision for increased focus on civics with the school staff, the school leader should work to share his or her vision with school board members, other district personnel including the superintendent, and the greater community. Lastly, school leaders need to support their staff as they take risks and work to develop and implement new activities, discussions, and projects centered around teaching civic responsibility.
· How will you lead your staff in this part of the curriculum?
In leading my staff in this part of the curriculum, I would work to secure professional development related to civic responsibility, as this is not an area that I have expertise in, and work as a staff to develop our vision and implementation goals. I would also provide examples such as the work of the exemplar schools described in the article in integrating civic responsibility across all content areas, implementing service-learning programs, and creating partnerships between the school and community. I would also work within PLTs to develop ways that civic responsibility could be incorporated within their curriculum and remind them that they have my support as they embark on this endea
Required Resources
Text
Baack, D. (2017). Organizational behavior (2nd ed.). Retrieved from https://ashford.content.edu
· Chapter 8: Leadership
Articles
Austen, B. (2012, July 23). The story of Steve Jobs: An inspiration or a cautionary tale? (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.Wired. Retrieved fom http://www.wired.com/2012/07/ff_stevejobs/all/
Charan, R. (2006). Home Depot’s blueprint for culture change. Harvard Business Review. 84(4), 60-70. Retrieved from EBSCOhost database
Grow, B., Foust, D., Thornton, E., Farzad, R., McGregor, J., & Zegal, S. (2007). Out at home depot (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. Business Week.
Retrieved from http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2007-01-14/out-at-home-depot
Stark, A. (1993). What's the matter with business ethics? Harvard Business Review, 71(3), 38-48. .
· How many employees are working for youtotal of 5 employees .docxalinainglis
· How many employees are working for you?
total of 5 employees
· How did you get your idea or concept for the business?
· CLEAR is a reflection by transparency, manifest and understood, our product is new in the market, and it follows the international fashion style that suits every lady,
· A bag represents you, bags are women priority, and its something women can't go outside without, our bags differ by other bags is that its clear, which is the new form of fashion style, we also made customization on bags so it is a remarkable tool that can lead to higher profit through increased customer satisfaction and loyalty, although it brings for our small factory a lot of work, the good work pays off, we entered these industry because there are no locals designer in it and we started in2016 and hope to reach a global position.
· What do you look for in an employee? (the most important things)
- helping customers on their choice
-stylist
- team work spirit
- deciplant & committed to work ethics
- Good Communication skills
- Ability to manage the conflict
- Is the company socially responsible?
Yes , we try our best to make some of sell go for the charity and especially to help poor people get new clothes , we donate 5% yearly in our total sales .
· What made you choose your current location?
Main criterias for selecting current location :
1- Close to the residence areas , meliha road, near the university of Sharjah
2- Easy access to the visiting customers
3- Its in a big avenue that has many designers and clothing brands
4- Easy to pick up from the shop
5- Serve a big segmentation
· What are your responsibilities as a business owner?
the main responsibility of the Business owner is to maintain the successful of the business, but in order to achieve this have to do so many tasks like:
1- Hire and manage the staff
2- Oversees the financial status , weekly and monthly .
3- Create marketing plans of how the business will be in a year
4- Update the website and chick the system
5- Rent fees
6- Make sure how customers are satisfied by the product
7- Make sure about product quality and chick up
8- Maintain a healthy work environment
9- Develop and fine tune the business according to the market situation
· How do you motivate your employees?
We follow different methods for motivations
1- Personal appreciation for individuals for hard work or personal achievements
2- Kind words
3- Flexible working hours
4- Daily bonus if achieved the daily sales targets
5- Giving the new collection bags as a gift before dropping it to the market , it makes them feel appreciated and special
· Can you give me an example of any challenges or problems that you faced with your shop and employees?
Hiring the right employee is always challenge, last Ramadan we had a huge unread massage for eid orders as well, our customer started to get angry and write under the inestgram comments that there was no respond for online shopping , we struggl.
· How should the risks be prioritized· Who should do the priori.docxalinainglis
· How should the risks be prioritized?
· Who should do the prioritization of the project risks?
· How should project risks be monitored and controlled?
· Who should develop risk responses and contingency plans?
· Who should own these responses and plans?
Introduction
This week, we will explore risk management. Risk management is one of those areas in project management that separates good project managers from great project managers. A good project manager makes risk management an integral part of every phase of project work. Risks are identified, prioritized, and understood. There are clear responsibilities within the team as to whose is responsible for implementing a risk response to reduce the impact should it occur. So let's get started.
What is Risk?
*Risk: An uncertain event or condition that, if it occurs, has a positive or negative effect on one or more project objectives.
Risks can be positive, meaning beneficial to the project, or they can be negative, meaning detrimental to the project.
Many students have a difficult time visualizing positive risks. A positive risk is an opportunity that may increase the probability of success, the return on investment, or the benefits of the project. They may also be ways to reduce project costs or ways to complete the project early. There may even be methods to improve project quality or overall performance. These are all examples of positive risks.
A negative risk can be easier to understand. It is the possibility that something will go wrong, a threat to the success of the project. It is important to remember that a risk is a possibility, not a fact. It is a potential problem. At GettaByte Software, there is the potential that a power outage would occur during data transfer. The potential exists that a key resource could become unavailable due to some unforeseen circumstance, like illness. Those are threats to the success of the project.
When buying a house to renovate, there are potential risks with respect to plumbing, wiring, the foundation, and so on.
A project manager needs to consider trying to make positive risks happen while trying to prevent negative ones from occurring. To do this, a project manager can take a proactive approach to risk management. This means he or she plans a risk response should it look as though the risk will become a reality. In this way, everyone knows exactly how to prepare and respond to the risk once it does become an issue.
The Risk Management Process
A project has both good and bad risks, which are referred to as positive and negative risks or opportunities and threats. For positive risks or opportunities, the project manager can choose from a range of risk responses. For threats, a project manager has a similar range of choices. The following, as described in the PMBOK® Guide, are the risk management processes.
Plan Risk Management:
· Risk Strategy
· Defines the general approach to managing risk on the project
· Methodology
· Defines the specific, tools, .
· How does the distribution mechanism control the issues address.docxalinainglis
· How does the distribution mechanism control the issues addressed in Music and TV, when in regards to race/ethnicity?
· Determine who controls the distribution of Music and TV, when in regards to race/ethnicity?
· In what ways does the controller of distribution affect the shared experience of the audience and community? Keep in mind that a community may be local, regional, national, or global. Be specific in your discussion.
.
· Helen Petrakis Identifying Data Helen Petrakis is a 5.docxalinainglis
·
Helen Petrakis Identifying Data: Helen Petrakis is a 52-year-old, Caucasian female of Greek descent living in a four-bedroom house in Tarpon Springs, FL. Her family consists of her husband, John (60), son, Alec (27), daughter, Dmitra (23), and daughter Althima (18). John and Helen have been married for 30 years. They married in the Greek Orthodox Church and attend services weekly.
Presenting Problem: Helen reports feeling overwhelmed and “blue.” She was referred by a close friend who thought Helen would benefit from having a person who would listen. Although she is uncomfortable talking about her life with a stranger, Helen says that she decided to come for therapy because she worries about burdening friends with her troubles. John has been expressing his displeasure with meals at home, as Helen has been cooking less often and brings home takeout. Helen thinks she is inadequate as a wife. She states that she feels defeated; she describes an incident in which her son, Alec, expressed disappointment in her because she could not provide him with clean laundry. Helen reports feeling overwhelmed by her responsibilities and believes she can’t handle being a wife, mother, and caretaker any longer.
Family Dynamics: Helen describes her marriage as typical of a traditional Greek family. John, the breadwinner in the family, is successful in the souvenir shop in town. Helen voices a great deal of pride in her children. Dmitra is described as smart, beautiful, and hardworking. Althima is described as adorable and reliable. Helen shops, cooks, and cleans for the family, and John sees to yard care and maintaining the family’s cars. Helen believes the children are too busy to be expected to help around the house, knowing that is her role as wife and mother. John and Helen choose not to take money from their children for any room or board. The Petrakis family holds strong family bonds within a large and supportive Greek community.
Helen is the primary caretaker for Magda (John’s 81-year-old widowed mother), who lives in an apartment 30 minutes away. Until recently, Magda was self-sufficient, coming for weekly family dinners and driving herself shopping and to church. Six months ago, she fell and broke her hip and was also recently diagnosed with early signs of dementia. Helen and John hired a reliable and trusted woman temporarily to check in on Magda a couple of days each week. Helen would go and see Magda on the other days, sometimes twice in one day, depending on Magda’s needs. Helen would go food shopping for Magda, clean her home, pay her bills, and keep track of Magda’s medications. Since Helen thought she was unable to continue caretaking for both Magda and her husband and kids, she wanted the helper to come in more often, but John said they could not afford it. The money they now pay to the helper is coming out of the couple’s vacation savings. Caring for Magda makes Helen think she is failing as a wife and mother because she no longer ha.
· Global O365 Tenant Settings relevant to SPO, and recommended.docxalinainglis
· Global O365 Tenant Settings relevant to SPO, and recommended settings
Multi Factor Authentication
Sign In Page customization
External Sharing
· Global SPO settings and recommended settings
Manage External Sharing
Site Creation Settings
· Information Architecture and Hub Site Management
Site Structure
Create and manage Hub Site
· Site Administration
Create Sites
Delete Sites
Restored Deleted Sites
Manage Site Admins
Manage Site creation
Manage Site Storage limits
Change Site Address
· Managed Metadata (Term Store)
Introduction
Setup new term group sets
Create and manage Terms
Assign roles and permission to Manage term sets
· Search
Search Content
Search Center
Crawl Site content
Remove Search results
Search Results
Manage Search Query
Manage Query Rules
Manage Query Suggestion
Manage result sources
Manage search dictionaries
· Security (identity – internal / external, and authorization – management of platform level)
Control Access of Unmanaged devices
Control Access of Network location
Authentication
Safeguarding Data
Sign out inactive users
· Governance – e.g. labels, retention, etc.
Data Classification
Create and Manage labels
· Data loss prevention
· Create and Manage security policies
· Devices Security policies
· App permission policies
· Data Governance
· Retention Policies
· Monitoring and alerting
Create and Manage Alerts
Alert Policies
· SharePoint Migration Tool
Overview
· Operational tasks for managing the health of the environment, alerting, etc.
File Activity report
Site usage report
Message Center
Service Health
· Common issue resolution and FAQ
.
· Focus on the identified client within your chosen case.· Analy.docxalinainglis
· Focus on the identified client within your chosen case.
· Analyze the case using a systems approach, taking into consideration both family and community systems.
· Complete and submit the “Dissecting a Theory and Its Application to a Case Study” worksheet based on your analysis
Helen Petrakis Identifying Data: Helen Petrakis is a 52-year-old, Caucasian female of Greek descent living in a four-bedroom house in Tarpon Springs, FL. Her family consists of her husband, John (60), son, Alec (27), daughter, Dmitra (23), and daughter Althima (18). John and Helen have been married for 30 years. They married in the Greek Orthodox Church and attend services weekly.
Presenting Problem: Helen reports feeling overwhelmed and “blue.” She was referred by a close friend who thought Helen would benefit from having a person who would listen. Although she is uncomfortable talking about her life with a stranger, Helen says that she decided to come for therapy because she worries about burdening friends with her troubles. John has been expressing his displeasure with meals at home, as Helen has been cooking less often and brings home takeout. Helen thinks she is inadequate as a wife. She states that she feels defeated; she describes an incident in which her son, Alec, expressed disappointment in her because she could not provide him with clean laundry. Helen reports feeling overwhelmed by her responsibilities and believes she can’t handle being a wife, mother, and caretaker any longer.
Family Dynamics: Helen describes her marriage as typical of a traditional Greek family. John, the breadwinner in the family, is successful in the souvenir shop in town. Helen voices a great deal of pride in her children. Dmitra is described as smart, beautiful, and hardworking. Althima is described as adorable and reliable. Helen shops, cooks, and cleans for the family, and John sees to yard care and maintaining the family’s cars. Helen believes the children are too busy to be expected to help around the house, knowing that is her role as wife and mother. John and Helen choose not to take money from their children for any room or board. The Petrakis family holds strong family bonds within a large and supportive Greek community.
Helen is the primary caretaker for Magda (John’s 81-year-old widowed mother), who lives in an apartment 30 minutes away. Until recently, Magda was self-sufficient, coming for weekly family dinners and driving herself shopping and to church. Six months ago, she fell and broke her hip and was also recently diagnosed with early signs of dementia. Helen and John hired a reliable and trusted woman temporarily to check in on Magda a couple of days each week. Helen would go and see Magda on the other days, sometimes twice in one day, depending on Magda’s needs. Helen would go food shopping for Magda, clean her home, pay her bills, and keep track of Magda’s medications. Since Helen thought she was unable to continue caretaking for both Magda and her husba.
· Find current events regarding any issues in public health .docxalinainglis
·
Find current events
regarding any issues in public health Anything about infectious diseases ( Don not pick one disease, you have you dig more infectious diseases)
· These current events can be articles, news reports, outbreaks, videos.
· Type down brief 2 sentences describing the event (don’t copy paste title)
· You should have
at least 7 diseases in
total
· No Malaria disease events, please
.
· Explore and assess different remote access solutions.Assig.docxalinainglis
· Explore and assess different remote access solutions.
Assignment Requirements
Discuss with your peers which of the two remote access solutions, virtual private networks (VPNs) or hypertext transport protocol secure (HTTPS), you will rate as the best. You need to make a choice between the two remote access solutions based on the following features:
· Identification, authentication, and authorization
· Cost, scalability, reliability, and interoperability
.
· FASB ASC & GARS Login credentials LinkUser ID AAA51628Pas.docxalinainglis
This document provides an overview and summary of the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) Codification of Governmental Accounting and Financial Reporting Standards.
The summary includes:
1) An explanation of the authoritative sources incorporated into the Codification including GASB statements, interpretations, and other pronouncements as well as NCGA and AICPA standards.
2) Details on the organization and structure of the Codification including its five parts addressing general principles, financial reporting, measurement, specific items, and specialized activities.
3) Guidance on using the Codification and on the authoritative status and hierarchy of GAAP for state and local governments.
4) Background information on the
· Due Sat. Sep. · Format Typed, double-spaced, sub.docxalinainglis
·
Due:
Sat. Sep.
·
Format
: Typed, double-spaced, submitted as a word-processing document.
12 point, text-weight font, 1-inch margins.
·
·
Length
: 850 - 1000 words (approx. 3-4 pages)
·
·
Overview
: In Unit 1 and Unit 2, we focused on ways that writers build ideas from personal memories and experiences into interesting narratives that convey significance and meaning to new audiences. In Unit 3, we have been discussing how writers invent ideas by interacting with other communities through firsthand observation and description. These relationships and discoveries can give writers insight into larger concepts or ideas that are valuable to specific communities. For this writing project, you will use firsthand observations and discoveries to write about people and the issues that are important to them. Your evidence will come from the details you observe as you investigate other people, places, and events.
Assignment
Write an ethnography essay focused on a particular group of people and the routines or practices that best reveal their unique significance as a group.
An ethnography is a written description of a particular cultural group or community. For the ethnography essay, you can follow the guidelines in the CEL, p. 110-112. Your ethnography should:
· Begin with your observations of a particular group. Plan to observe this group 2-3 times, so that you can get a better sense of their routines, habits, and practices.
o
Note: if you cannot travel to observe a group or community, plan to observe that community digitally through website documents, social media, and/or emails exchanged with group members.
· Convey insight into the characteristics that give the group unique significance.
· Provide context and background, including location, values, beliefs, histories, rituals, dialogue, and any other details that help convey the group's significance.
· Follow a deliberate organizational pattern that focuses on one or more insights about the group while also providing details and information about the group's culture and routine
As you look back over your observations and notes, remember that your essay should do more than simply relate details without any larger significance. Ethnographies also draw out the unique, interesting, and special qualities of a group or culture that help readers connect to their values or motivations. Note: Please keep in mind that writing in this class is public, and anything you write about may be shared with other students and instructors. Please only write about details that you are comfortable making public within our classroom community.
Assignment Components
In order to finish this project, we will work on the following parts together over the next few weeks:
Draft
: Include at least one pre-revised draft of your essay. The draft needs to meet the word count of 850 words and must also apply formatting requirements for the project—in other words it must be complete. Make sure that your.
· Expectations for Power Point Presentations in Units IV and V I.docxalinainglis
This document provides guidance for PowerPoint presentations in two units. It outlines 7 requirements for the presentations: 1) include a title slide, 2) include an overview slide after the title, 3) include a summary slide before the references, 4) cite sources on slides with information from readings, 5) do not use direct quotes, 6) include graphics, and 7) format references in APA style with matching in-text citations and reference list entries. It also notes that students can ask the instructor questions and should contact the instructor if they disagree with feedback.
· Due Friday by 1159pmResearch Paper--IssueTopic Ce.docxalinainglis
·
Due
Friday by 11:59pm
Research Paper--
Issue/Topic:
Celebrity, Celebrity Culture and the effects on society
1500 or more words
MLA format
Must include research from
at least 4
scholarly sources (use HCC Library and GoogleScholar) I have attached 20 pdf with scholarly sources to choose from. 2 were provided from teacher Celebrity Culture Beneficial and The Culture of Celebrity. I have also attached a Word Document Research Paper Guide. Please read all the way to bottom more instructions at the bottom. Disregards Links and external cites those are the PDFs.
Celebrity
is a
popular cultural Links to an external site.
phenomenon surrounding a well-known person. Though many
celebritiesLinks to an external site.
became famous as a result of their achievements or experiences, a person who obtains celebrity status does not necessarily need to have accomplished anything significant beyond being widely recognized by the public. Some celebrities use their
fameLinks to an external site.
to reach the upper levels of social status. Popular celebrities can wield significant influence over their fans and followers. Cultural historian and film critic Neal Gabler has described the phenomenon of celebrity as a process similar to performance art in which the celebrity builds intrigue and allure by presenting a manufactured image to the public. This image is reinforced through
advertisingLinks to an external site.
endorsements, appearances at high-profile events, tabloid gossip, and
social mediaLinks to an external site.
presence.
In previous decades, celebrity status was mainly reserved for film stars,
televisionLinks to an external site.
personalities,
entertainersLinks to an external site.
, politicians, and
athletesLinks to an external site.
. Contemporary celebrities come from diverse fields ranging from astrophysics to auto mechanics, or they may simply be famous for their lifestyle or
InternetLinks to an external site.
antics. Social media platforms such as YouTube, Twitter, and Instagram provide the means for previously unknown individuals to cultivate a significant following.
Celebrification
is the process by which someone or something previously considered ordinary obtains stardom. Previously commonplace activities, such as practicing
vegetarianismLinks to an external site.
or wearing white t-shirts, can undergo celebrification when associated with a famous person or major event.
Celebrity culture
exists when stardom becomes a pervasive part of the social order,
commodified
as a commercial brand. Celebrities’ personal lives are recast as products for consumption, with a dedicated fan base demanding information and unlimited access to the celebrity’s thoughts and activities. A niche community such as a fan base can be monetized through effective marketing that links brand loyalty to the consumer’s identity. Fans may be more likely to purchase a product or attend an event if they feel that doing so strengthens their.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
5New Product Launch Marketing Plan Part 1.docx
1. 5
New Product Launch Marketing Plan: Part 1
MKT/571
The New Product Launch Marketing Plan
This paper is a product launch plan for the Unite States of
America (USA) and Mexico, the home market is the USA and
also known as the domestic market. Mexico is the international
market and has a need for children's books too. The product will
be defined and include a product description and an assessment
of the market needs for this product or service. The target
audiences are parents and grandparents with young children and
grandchildren respectively that are dog owners or considering
purchasing a dog. This paper will quantify the decision to
launch this children’s book based, on quantitative and
qualitative market analysis. An internal and external
examination of the company and existing competition, direct
2. analysis from developing a SWOT analysis. This paper will
evaluate the potential growth rate and uncover information on
similar products to come up with a growth rate over three years.
Finally, a 10-question survey instrument including possible
answers for closed-ended questions and scalar questions will be
developed for use in the final marketing plan. The questionnaire
will be used to collect additional primary data about buyers. Set
at least one goal for this survey; and answer the questions why
is it being conducted, and how will the team benefit from the
results regarding planning and decision making (University of
Phoenix, 2016)?
Product Definition
The Spenserian Publishing Companyis launching a new product,
a children’s book. The book will publish in English and
Spanish. The book, Taking Care of Max and Niles will provide
parents and grandparents a vehicle to entertain and instruct their
children and grandchildren about caring for dogs. This book
will give children a fundamental understanding of what it means
to own and care for a dog.
Product Description
The children's book written for children between the ages of 5-
11 and is a beginning level reading book with illustrations
combined with text on each page. The book is interactive and
designed to be a storybook for younger children that are
learning how to read; providing an opportunity for parents and
grandparents to contribute and bond with their children and
grandchildren while introducing them to dogs. This book
provides the fundamentals of the responsibility of dog
ownership in a fun and informative way that children can easily
understand. The book: Taking Care of Max and Niles, offered in
classic hardcover, paperback, electronic, and audio versions.
Assess the market needs for this product or service
Dog ownership in the United States and Mexico is very
common. The ASPCA estimates that approximately 70-80
million dogs in the U.S. are owned (ASPCA, 2016). It is also
estimated that up to one out of every two households owns a
3. dog (ASPCA, 2016). In Mexico, the last decade has seen a rise
in the middle-class population (Dailymail, 2016). At present
there are roughly 40 million Mexicans considered to be in the
middle class and in turn have more disposable income
(Dailymail, 2016). Since 2008 sales of pet-related products
have grown, on average, 13 percent annually (Dailymail, 2016).
Based on the number of dogs owned in the U.S., rising middle
class in Mexico and abundance of disposable income in both
countries, there is a very viable market for sustaining a product
such as children’s books teaching them responsible ownership
of dogs.
Choose an anticipated target audience and include a description
Based on the above information and data, the target audience
for both the U.S. and Mexico are middle to upper-class families
with both children and dogs in the same household. The
product is not a necessity. Therefore middle to upper-class
families should be targeted because of the access to disposable
income. Upper to middle-class families typically in the U.S. are
households that have annual revenue of $42,000 or more (Pew
Research Center, 2016). In Mexico, a middle-class family earns
on average 120,000 pesos or $6,480. In Mexico, the most
exclusive dogs for families are Chihuahuas, Poodles, Golden
Retrievers, and Labradors (Quora, 2016). Targeting this
audience in Mexico specifically, the book should sell in places
where families commonly shop and be produced in mass to
match the most popular breeds of dog for the target audience.
Due to the number of households that own dogs in the United
States being between 70-80 million, there is a larger market for
books about a variety of breeds. The target audience should
remain households with middle and upper-class status to ensure
there is enough disposable income to justify the purchase. The
books should be placed in areas where families shop such as
mini-malls and grocery stores. There is also a significant
increase of consumers buying goods online. According to
Mintel's online shopping report roughly 70% of shoppers, shop
online regularly (Mintel, 2015). Based on this growing trend,
4. the book should also be made available online in both the U.S.
and Mexico. This also reduces the cost of keeping the product
stocked in brick and mortar locations.
Defend your choice of product or service
The data also shows there is a growing need in Mexico and a
very vibrant market in the United States. According to (Pew
Research Center, 2016), there are 55 million Hispanics in the
U.S. and makeup around 17% of the overall population. This
data shows there is a market for both English and Spanish
language books in both countries that will also help reduce the
overall cost to produce.
SWOT Analysis
This SWOT analysis of Taking Care of Max and Niles reveals
the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats;
encompassing pre-eminent information concerning the
publication of a bilingual children’s book. Assisting Team A’s
business decisions, for survival and success the SWOT analysis
is seen below:
Strengths
Weakness
· Educational Benefits for Dogs
· Nutrition/Physical Activities
· Health Care
· Dog Companionship
· Culturally and Linguistically Appropriateness
· Academic Advantages
· Smaller Publisher
· Copyright
· Numerous Spanish Dialects
· Multicultural Images
· Print Sales
· Initial Publication
Opportunities
Threats
· Educational Tool for Dogs
5. · Bilingual Education
· Heightened Cultural Awareness
· Purchase/Market Internationally
· USA and Mexico
· Online Accessibility
· Moral Lessons
· Marketing Plan
· Greater Competition
· Editorial Reviews
· Print Sales Declined
· Smaller Profit Margins
Analyze: Potential or Existing Competition / Direct or
Substitution
Consumers spend 3.1 million dollars annually on children’s
publications (NPR, 2013). There are over 60 children publishers
who share the vital interest of children's' literature; those
authoring, illustrating and editing these books. Librarians and
educators, in elementary schools in the United States, approach
these famous publishing companies, to write books that reflect
the multicultural and bilingual communities, in which they are
employed. However, well-established publishing companies,
Scholastic Books, Dutton Books, and Houghton Mifflin finds it
unfeasible to accept unsolicited manuscript submissions (Sterry,
2011); due to economic risks and attraction to smaller audiences
to purchase these books type. Smaller independent publishing
companies find economic niches working with authors and
illustrators ensuring culturally and authenticity portrayal in
books, however, there must be high demand for this book
prototype.
Evaluation of Potential Growth Rate
According to Bluestone (2015), “The U.S. book and journal
publishing industry generated $27.98 billion in net revenue for
2014, representing 2.70 billion in units (volume), according to
Stat Shot Annual, a yearly statistical survey of publishing’s
estimated size and scope released today by the Association of
6. American Publishers (AAP). This represents a slight revenue
increase of 4.6% from 2013, which was $26.75 billion. The
figures include trade (fiction/non-fiction), K-12 instructional
materials, higher education course materials, university presses,
and professional books” (Annual Survey).
2014 Overview: Net Revenue and Unit Growth
These number also growth within the children and young adult
books categories. These categories grow at a rate of 4.2%
increase year-over-year.
Trade Category: Net Revenue and Unit Growth
Looking at the potential growth of children's books between
the years 2012 and 2014. These numbers just continue to grow
at 4.2% and higher depending on if the book is paperback or e-
book. The board had agreed that we would take the potential
growth of 3.5% per year to be conservative.
Questionnaire for Children’s Book Survey
1. How many children do you have between the ages of 5-11?
a. 0
b. 1-3
c. 4-6
d. 7+
2. Do you currently own a dog?
a. Yes
b. No
3. What is your marital status?
7. a. Single
b. Married
c. Divorced
d. Separated
e. Windowed
4. Do you believe dogs make great companions for children?
a. Yes
b. No
5. Do you prefer children's book that has pictures?
a. Yes
b. No
6. How important is the content and substance of a children’s
book?
a. Not important
b. Fairly important
c. Very important
d. Extremely important
7. How important is the development of your child’s literacy
skills?
8. a. Not important
b. Fairly important
c. Very important
d. Extremely important
8. If the answer to question 2. is yes; how often do you children
play their pet dog?
a. Rarely
b. Once or twice per month
c. Several times a week
d. Daily
9. Is Spanish spoken in your home?
a. Yes
b. No
10. Would you buy a book to educate your children about taking
care of their pet dog?
a. Yes
b. No
The goal of this survey is to gather information gleaned from
marketing assessments and strategies developed from the
research gathered in this marketing plan. This survey is being
9. conducted to create the best marketing strategy by detailed
segmentation of the identified population. Subsequently, our
goal is to penetrate the children's book markets in the USA and
Mexico with a unique product. The benefit to planning phase
will come from discrete identifiers of the population discovered
in market segmentation; the decision-making process will
benefit from the dynamic and current information confirming
the statistical data.
Conclusion
The new product launch will be in the USA and Mexico,
introducing the children’s book Taking Care of Max and Niles.
Selecting the right target population through segmentation was
critical for the success of the new product launch. Analysis of
the national and international markets was conducted by
gathering statistical data and utilizing surveys; both primary
and secondary resources referenced both target markets. The
English and Spanish-language of both population overlap and
are nearby. This paper defined the product definition and
description while assessing the market and target audience. A
SWOT analysis provided necessary information for determining
potential growth of similar products over the next three years.
References
University of Phoenix. (2016). Team
Practice/Simulation/Homework/Game. Retrieved from
University of Phoenix, MKT571 website.
Kotler, P.T. & Keller, K.L. (2016). Marketing Management
(15th ed). Upper Saddle River, NJ:
10. Pearson/Prentice Hall
ASPCA (2016). Pet Statistics. Retrieved July 16, 2016 from:
http://www.aspca.org/animal-
homelessness/shelter-intake-and-surrender/pet-statistics
Daily Mail (2016). How Mexico's rising middle class has led to
a boom in pet pampering.
Retrieved July 15, 2016 from:
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-2605286/Pet-
boom-Mexico-amid-rising-middle-class.html
Mintel (2015). NEARLY 70% OF AMERICANS SHOP
ONLINE REGULARLY WITH CLOSE TO 50% TAKING
ADVANTAGE OF FREE SHIPPING. Retrieved July 15, 2016
from: http://www.mintel.com/press-centre/technology-press-
centre/nearly-70-of-americans-shop-online-regularly-with-
close-to-50-taking-advantage-of-free-shipping
Pew Research Center (2016). Are you in the American middle
class? Retrieved July 15, 2016 from:
http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/05/11/are-you-in-
the-american-middle-class/
Quora (2016). What are the Most Popular Breeds of Dog to
Own in Mexico. Retrieved July 15, 2016 from:
https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-most-popular-breeds-of-
dog-to-own-in-Mexico
NPR (2013). The Future of Children's Books. NPR.org.
Retrieved July 16, 2016:
http://www.npr.org/2012/02/18/147099486/the-future-of-
childrens-books
Sterry, D.H. (2011). How to Get Your Children’s Book
Published. The Huffington Post.
References
Retrieved July 16, 2016: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/david-
11. henry-sterry/the-inside-
skinny-on-kids_b_806300.html
Bluestone, M. (2015). U.S. Publishing Industry’s Annual Survey
Reveals $28 Billion in Revenue in 2014. Retrieved from
http://publishers.org/news/us-publishing-industry%E2%80%99s-
annual-survey-reveals-28-billion-revenue-2014
The IRIS Center
http://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu
Project #H325F060003
Norms & Expectations
Created by
Carolyn Evertson, Ph.D., & Inge Poole, Ph.D.
Vanderbilt University
1http://iris.peabody.
IRIS-Central
Modules and Materials
Development
Naomi C. Tyler, Ph.D.
Vanderbilt University
Phone: (615) 343-6006
(800) 831-6134
FAX: (615) 343-5611
14. Case Study Level C, Case 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
STAR Sheet: Stating Expectations Clearly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
STAR Sheet: Implementing Classroom Rules and Procedures . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .14
STAR Sheet: Supporting Expectations Consistently . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .18
STAR Sheet: Reevaluating Established Norms . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .20
For an Instructor’s Guide to this case study unit, please email
your full name, title, and institutional affiliation to the IRIS
Center at
[email protected]
The contents of this case study were developed under a grant
from the U.S. Department of Education, #H325F060003.
However,
those contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the
U.S. Department of Education, and you should not assume
endorsement by the Federal Government. Project Officer,
Shedeh Hajghassemali.
2http://iris.peabody.
ESTABLISHING CLASSROOM NORMS AND
EXPECTATIONS
CASE STUDY SET INTRODUCTION
15. Please read this introduction before continuing with the
accompanying case study set.
This case study set focuses on the establishment of classroom
norms and expectations. This
introduction offers an overview of norms and expectations and
how they are communicated and
established in a classroom. To establish norms and expectations
in a classroom is a complex, long-term
task. Your skill in successfully undertaking it will evolve as
you become more experienced. The goal
of this case study set is to help you understand how to prevent
many problem behaviors by putting
supportive classroom structures in place as you set up an
effective classroom.
What is an effective classroom? It is one that runs smoothly,
with minimal confusion and down
time, and maximizes student learning. An effective classroom
has patterns and routines in place that
make interaction and movement within that classroom easy to
organize and accomplish. Such patterns
and routines are established through the development of
classroom rules and procedures. Rules are
the explicit statements of teacher’s expectations for students’
behavior in a classroom. Procedures are
the patterns for accomplishing classroom tasks. Teachers
communicate their expectations to students
through the development and enactment of both.
Expectations are desired behaviors or outcomes. Within a
classroom, a teacher can make his or
her expectations known to students, or the teacher can cause
students to guess at the expectations. It is
much easier for students to meet a teacher’s expectations when
they know what these expectations are.
16. Teachers can make their expectations known to students by
directly teaching the classroom rules and
procedures, providing opportunities for the students to practice
them, and consistently responding to
students’ behavior. A teacher’s consistent responses can include
both positive consequences to reinforce
a student’s appropriate behavior and negative consequences to
deter a student’s inappropriate behavior.
Students also have expectations for their own behavior. When
the behavior that the teacher and
students expect and exhibit becomes so routine that it seems to
be in consensus, a classroom norm for
that behavior has been established. Norms can be defined as
accustomed ways of perceiving, believing,
evaluating, and acting in an environment (Goodnough, 1971). In
other words, norms are the familiar
ways we have of interacting with each other in a particular
setting.
Case Study Set Definitions
Norms familiar ways of interacting in a classroom
Expectations desired behaviors or outcomes
Rules written expectations for behavior in a classroom
Procedures patterns for accomplishing classroom tasks
Within classrooms, a common norm for requesting a turn to
speak during instruction is to raise
one’s hand and wait to be acknowledged. This classroom norm
develops when a teacher teaches his or
her students how to raise their hands when they want to speak,
has students practice raising their hands,
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17. and consistently responds to students’ behavior (positively
when they raise their hands,
and negatively when they don’t). In fact, this norm often
becomes so familiar it is used in
other settings––have you ever raised your hand for a turn to
speak at the dinner table?
Whereas classroom norms, such as raising one’s hand, are
sustained by
consensus, they can also be suspended or changed if they are
not supported or reinforced.
For example, a norm for being in class on time ceases to be a
norm when there is no
consequence for students’ tardiness. Thus, arriving late becomes
the accepted practice.
The actions and interactions that a teacher encourages or allows
to become familiar develop into that
classroom’s norms. Therefore, thoughtful advance planning by
the teacher can guide and establish
effective group norms that support student learning.
For example, prompt attendance promotes student learning by
making certain that students are
exposed to as much instructional time as possible. Therefore, a
teacher might require prompt attendance
as well establish procedures to make prompt attendance a
familiar routine. A classroom rule regarding
prompt attendance might be stated as “Be in your seat and ready
for class when the bell rings.” A
procedure involved in preparing for class might require students
to place their completed homework in
a designated location as they enter the classroom. When all the
procedures of preparing for class prior
to the bell’s ring become routine for students, prompt
18. attendance has become an established classroom
norm.
Ultimately, a teacher wants to establish classroom norms that
create an effective classroom in
which student learning time is maximized. In this case study
set, we will consider four specific aspects
of establishing classroom norms and expectations:
1. Stating expectations clearly,
2. Implementing classroom rules and procedures,
3. Supporting expectations consistently, and
4. Reevaluating established norms.
What the research and resources say…
• Teachers who establish and maintain norms for an effective
learning environment spend more time
teaching because less time is usurped by discipline (Brophy,
2000).
• Norms that engender a supportive learning environment
include acting and interacting responsibly,
treating others with respect and concern, and fostering a
learning orientation (Brophy 1998; 2000; Good
& Brophy, 2000; Sergiovanni, 1994).
• Effective school-wide norms can be established through a
school-based program that focuses on
supportive interactions among students (Solomon, Watson,
Delucchi, Schaps, & Battistich, 1988).
References:
Brophy, J. E. (1998). Motivating students to learn. Boston:
McGraw-Hill
Brophy, J. E. (2000). Teaching. Geneva, Switzerland:
19. International Bureau of Education.
4http://iris.peabody.
Good, T. L., & Brophy, J. E. (2000). Looking in classrooms (8th
ed.). New York: Longman.
Goodnough, W. (1971). Culture, language, and society.
Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Sergiovanni, T. (1994). Building community in schools. San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Solomon, D., Watson, M. S., Delucchi, K. L., Schaps, E., &
Battistich, V. (1988). Enhancing
children’s prosocial behavior in the classroom. American
Educational Research Journal,
25(4), 527–554.
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NORMS AND EXPECTATIONS CASE STUDY
LEVEL A • CASE 1
Background
Student: Ron
Grade: 1st
Age: 6.8
Context: 10 weeks into the school year (mid-October)
Scenario
On the first morning of the school year, Ms. Bosco greeted each
first grader at the door with a smile. She
introduced herself and asked the student’s name before leading
20. the student to his or her assigned desk
and helping to place the student’s things there. She then asked
for the student to have a seat with the
other first graders on the carpet at the front of the room. She
showed the student an X with the student’s
name written across it as his or her special seating spot. The Xs
formed a circle on the carpet. When all
the students were seated, Ms. Bosco played a game with the
group to help her and the students to learn
each other’s names. She also asked each student to share one
special fact about him- or herself. She then
moved into a reading lesson with the class.
On the second morning of the school year, Ms. Bosco greeted
each student by name with a smile
at the door. As they entered, she asked them to place their
things on their desks and then sit on their Xs
at the carpet. When all students were seated in the circle, Ms.
Bosco played a game to help her and the
students review each other’s names. She asked each child to
identify something special about his or her
neighbor to the right. She then asked two students to model for
the class how to enter the room at the
start of each day, put their things away, and be seated on their
Xs at the carpet. Ms. Bosco then moved
into a reading lesson for the day with the class.
In mid-October, Ron moves into Ms. Bosco’s class from another
school district. On his first
day, his registration process takes about thirty minutes, so he
does not get to join the class until after
the reading lesson is already in progress. When the intercom
announces they will be receiving a new
student, Ms. Bosco interrupts the reading lesson to welcome
Ron, meet his parents, and help Ron put his
things into his desk. As Ms. Bosco helps Ron find an open
21. space in which to sit at the circle with the rest
of the class, she tells Ron that the class is trying to find
rhyming words in the story she has read aloud.
She then continues the lesson with the class. In this lesson and
throughout the day, Ron appears to be
distracted and starts misbehaving.
On Tuesday morning, Ron comes to the classroom and goes
immediately to the aquarium at
the back of the room to watch the fish. When the bell rings to
start the day, he leaves his things at the
aquarium and comes late to the circle, pushing to sit between
two students even though there is an empty
space available. Ms. Bosco tells Ron to have a seat at the empty
space and then begins the morning
routine. By the start of the reading lesson, Ron is sprawled
across the carpet, making noises, and
bumping into his neighbors. The students seated around Ron
begin complaining to Ms. Bosco about his
behavior.
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When the class goes to the music room for its morning specials
class, Ms. Bosco tries to reflect
on Ron’s behavior. She reads through the materials that were
sent by his previous school and finds that
Ron’s previous teacher had noted he was easily distracted,
especially during transitions. Ms. Bosco then
sets the following goals for Ron to meet by the end of the week:
• Increase Ron’s sense of membership in the classroom
community by having him sit with the class on the
carpet in a listening position and by helping him use each of his
22. peer’s names and helping them to use
his
• Increase Ron’s understanding of and commitment to the
established classroom norms, beginning with
the morning routine, by having him follow the class’s
established procedures
Possible Strategies
• Stating expectations clearly
• Implementing classroom rules and procedures
! Assignment
• Read the Case Study Set Introduction and the STAR sheets on
each of the possible strategies.
• Using the strategies listed above, write one suggestion that
Ms. Bosco can implement for each of Ron’s
goals. Explain why the suggestions would be helpful in meeting
Ron’s goals.
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NORMS AND EXPECTATIONS
LEVEL A • CASE 2
Background
Grade: 4th
Context: Class of 23 students, 20 minutes before lunch
Scenario
Halfway through Mr. English’s daily writing lesson, the four
students from his classroom who receive
23. morning special education services in language arts return to
class in preparation for lunch. Because
the special education teacher works with students from several
grade levels, he is not able to mesh
his schedule completely with the fourth grade and cannot
rearrange his schedule. Though the special
education teacher tries to cover many of the fourth grade
language arts skills with these four students,
Mr. English senses that the students are falling farther behind
their peers because they do not get to
participate in some of the classroom language arts instruction
(e.g., writing).
As the year has progressed, when these four students return to
his class, they begin to act out and
disturb the students participating in the writing lesson. Mr.
English is becoming increasingly frustrated
with the behavior of the four students. He feels he spends the
last half of each writing lesson trying to
keep these four students quiet so the rest of the class can learn
to write. Mr. English sets the following
goals for the next four weeks:
• Increase the quantity and quality of writing time for the class
• Decrease the misbehavior of the four students
Note that Mr. English is not currently including the four
students receiving language arts special
education services in his writing lessons.
Possible Strategies
• Implementing classroom rules and procedures
• Supporting expectations consistently
• Reevaluating established norms
! Assignment
24. • Read the Case Study Set Introduction and the STAR sheets on
each of the three possible strategies.
• Give one suggestion from each strategy that may be helpful to
Mr. English in meeting the goals for his
class.
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NORMS AND EXPECTATIONS CASE STUDY
LEVEL B • CASE 1
Background
Student: Shandra
Grade: 5th
Age: 11.2
Context: Math class, end of the first grading period
Scenario
While calculating his students’ grades for the first grading
period, Mr. Washington discovers a problem.
Although one of his students, Shandra, is receiving Title I
tutoring for math, she has a low grade in
his math class for the period. Speaking with Shandra’s Title I
tutor, Mr. Washington learns that part of
her tutoring included talking with her Title I peers about her
mathematical thinking. The Title I tutor
indicates that Shandra is doing well in tutoring and should also
be doing well in his class.
Mr. Washington usually lectures during his math instruction.
The rest of the lesson is usually
filled with independent seatwork. Therefore, there isn’t an
opportunity for Shandra to talk with anyone
25. about her mathematical thinking. In fact, because students are
not allowed to talk while Mr. Washington
is teaching or while they do their independent seatwork, in
effect a norm of “no talking” has developed
in his math classes.
Mr. Washington wants to provide instruction that will offer
Shandra a chance to succeed. For
the next grading period, he plans to include partner work in his
math instruction. The talking procedure
that he uses for partner work in his current science class holds
that student conversation cannot begin
until Mr. Washington gives permission, it must be on the
science topic, and it must be only loud enough
for partners to hear each other. This procedure works well with
the class rule “Get permission to talk.”
In conjunction with adapting his math instruction and
implementing a procedure to support it, Mr.
Washington sets the following goals for Shandra during the
second grading period:
• Increase her conversation with peers about her mathematical
thinking
• Increase her grade in math
In addition, he sets the following goals for himself:
• Increase his use of partner work in math instruction
• Increase his assistance with students vocalizing their
mathematic thinking
Possible Strategies
• Stating expectations clearly
26. 9http://iris.peabody.
• Implementing classroom rules and procedures
• Supporting expectations consistently
• Reevaluating established norms
!Assignment
• Review the Case Study Set Introduction and the STAR sheets
on the four possible strategies.
• Select two strategies that Mr. Washington will use as he shifts
from lecturing to using partner work in his
math instruction. Describe how Mr. Washington will use these
two strategies to meet his goals and how
these strategies will help Shandra to reach her goals.
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NORMS AND EXPECTATIONS
LEVEL C • CASE 1
Background
Grade: 3rd
Context: Friday of the third week of school, redistribution of
students among classrooms to meet state
class-size requirements
Scenario
Ms. Jung received a list of eighteen students today that will
compose her class beginning on Monday.
Twelve of her current students will remain with her, twelve will
be assigned to new classrooms, and six
new students will be assigned to her classroom. Before going
home, Ms. Jung speaks briefly with the
27. other third grade teachers to share instructional information
about the new students in each teacher’s
classroom.
During the weekend, Ms. Jung considers how she will help the
students in her classroom to
become a coherent group. She also considers the established
classroom norms, their applicability to
the new group of students, and the ways she can support her
expectations for students. Ms. Jung is
particularly concerned about the amount of student movement in
and out of the classroom required
throughout the day. Her basic schedule follows the pattern
listed below (left). In addition to the class
instruction outlined in her schedule, some individual students
will need to go for instruction outside Ms.
Jung’s class. Individual outside instruction involving third
graders includes the following scheduled
activities noted below (right).
OUTSIDE INSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
Start Stop Activity
8:30 9:00 Morning meeting (attendance, daily
news, etc.) in Ms. Jung’s room
10:00 10:25 Title I math tutoring
11:00 11:25 Title I reading tutoring
1:00 1:54 Special education instruction
(math)
2:15 3:00 Special education instruction
(reading)
28. Tuesday - Thursday
12:30 2:30 Gifted education instruction
Monday - Wednesday - Friday
2:40 3:10 Counseling session (Children of
divorce) Participating students leave
school from the counselor’s office
OUR CLASS SCHEDULE
Start Stop Activity
8:30 9:00 Morning meeting (attendance, daily
news, etc.) in Ms. Jung’s room
9:00 9:45 Specials (P.E., art, music, library) in
specials classrooms
9:45 10:30 Math instruction in Ms. Jung’s room
10:30 11:25 Reading instruction
11:25 11:30 Restroom break en route to
cafeteria
11:30 12:00 Lunch in the cafeteria
12:00 12:30 Recess on the playground
12:30 12:45 Reading aloud in Ms. Jung’s room
12:45 1:15 Social studies instruction
1:15 1:45 Science instruction in the science
lab
1:45 2:15 Recess on the playground
2:15 2:45 Writing instruction in Ms. Jung’s
room
2:45 3:00 Sustained silent reading
3:00 3:10 Preparation for going home
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Several of Ms. Jung’s students will need to move in and out of
her classroom at different times.
Her class list, below, notes student participation in individual
outside instruction and information related
to student movement. New students to her class are designated
with an asterisk (*).
Possible Strategies
• Stating expectations clearly
• Implementing classroom rules and procedures
• Supporting expectations consistently
• Reevaluating established norms
!Assignment
• Review the Case Study Set Introduction and the STAR sheets
on the four possible strategies.
• Write a statement describing how each strategy will be
implemented as Ms. Jung works with her newly
structured class.
• In writing,
1) select a classroom norm that would allow successful student
movement to outside instruction as
needed and maximize time for learning. (This norm may be
stated as a rule.) Then:
2) explain why you believe the norm will be effective,
3) write two expectations Ms. Jung must state clearly to the
entire class to help establish this norm,
4) state a specific procedure concerning movement she must
teach Lew (you may need to refer back to
the classroom schedule), and
30. 5) state a specific procedure concerning movement she must
teach Myra (you may need to refer back to
the classroom schedule).
Name M T W T F Notes:
Lew ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Title I math, Title I reading
Jan ✓ A ✓ ✓ ✓ ADHD, inconsistant medication, constantly in
motion
Derrl ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Title I math, Special Education (reading)
LaDonna ✓ ✓ A ✓ ✓ Title I math, Title I reading
Brian* ✓ ✓ ✓ T ✓ Title I reading
Cheryl ✓ A ✓ ✓ ✓ Title I reading
Jay* ✓ ✓ ✓ A A Uses a wheelchair
Myra* ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Special Education (math)
Ellis* ✓ A ✓ ✓ ✓ Counseling session
Mendy ✓ ✓ D A ✓ Counseling session
Keith* ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Experiencing early signs of kidney failure.
Needs
frquent, immediate access to a restroom.
Shauna ✓ ✓ T ✓ ✓ Gifted Education, Counseling session
Robb A ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Tandy A A ✓ ✓ ✓
David ✓ ✓ ✓ A ✓
Alissa* A ✓ A ✓ ✓
Pecos ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Jerri Lynn ✓ ✓ A ✓ ✓
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NORMS AND EXPECTATIONS
STATING EXPECTATIONS CLEARLY
31. A STAR (STrategies And Resources) Sheet provides you with a
description of a well-researched strategy
that can help you solve the case studies in this unit.
What it is...
Expectations are desired behaviors and outcomes. Teachers’
expectations of students are directly
connected to students’ achievement of those expectations. The
strategy of stating expectations clearly
involves the explicit acknowledgement of expectations for
student actions and interactions in ways that
the students can understand and achieve.
What the research and resources say...
• Students both want and need teachers to demonstrate authority
by setting realistic academic and
behavioral expectations (Brophy, 1998).
• Successful classroom managers help students identify what is
expected of them and how to achieve
these expectations (Brophy, 1998; Evertson, Emmer, &
Worsham, 2003; Evertson & Harris, 1992).
• When teachers hold high expectations of students, the students
typically meet higher standards of
performance (Good & Brophy, 2000).
• Low expectations are communicated to students when teachers
provide less wait time, fewer or
inappropriate reinforcements, less feedback, fewer opportunities
to participate in instruction, reduced
eye-contact, more criticism for failure, or by teachers showing
less acceptance of the student’s ideas
(Brophy, 1998; Good & Brophy, 2000).
32. • The expectations teachers have for students affect their
current performance, and can influence future
performance, particularly at the early grades (Wong, 1998).
• Clarity in instruction increases student academic engagement
and achievement (Evertson & Emmer,
1982).
• Clarity in instruction includes actions such as framing the
lesson in context, stating key components of
the content, linking these components together, focusing student
attention on important elements, and
providing examples (Snyder, Landt, Roberts, Smith, & Voskuil,
1993).
• In order to clarify expectations during all stages of a lesson,
teachers can use advance organizers to set
up instruction, provide guidance and feedback to students
during instruction, and reflect with students
after instruction (Brophy, 1998).
Tips for implementation...
• Know what you want students to do and at what level of
achievement. Make sure it is something they
can accomplish.
• In understandable increments, state what the task is, why you
are asking students to complete it, the
steps involved, and how the task will be assessed. Provide
written directions if possible. Model the
action(s) requested.
• Monitor student progress and offer feedback to students en
route and following task completion.
33. 13http://iris.peabody.
Keep in mind...
• If you inconsistently reinforce your expectations, students will
assume a lack of commitment on your
part. Students see a teacher’s lack of commitment to his or her
expectations (through inconsistent
reinforcement) as an indication that the expectations are not
serious ones.
• Try each activity to verify the order of completion, outcome,
potential difficulties, and reasonable length
of time for completing any task.
• Break large tasks into smaller pieces to simplify them and to
offer more frequent feedback checkpoints.
• Signals (such as making hand gestures, turning off the lights,
ringing a bell) can be an effective way
to indicate the beginning or ending of an activity or can be a
reminder to students of behavioral
expectations.
Resources...
Brophy, J. E. (1998). Motivating students to learn. Boston:
McGraw-Hill.
Evertson, C. M., & Emmer, E. T. (1982). Effective management
at the beginning of the
school year in junior high classes. Journal of Educational
Psychology, 74, 485–498.
Evertson, C. M., Emmer, E. T., & Worsham, M. E. (2003).
Classroom management for
34. elementary teachers (6th ed.). New York: Allyn & Bacon.
Evertson, C., & Harris, A. (1992). What we know about
managing classrooms.
Educational Leadership, 49, 74–78.
Good, T. L., & Brophy, J. E. (2000). Looking in classrooms (8th
ed.). New York:
Longman.
Johnson, T. C., Stoner, G., & Green, S. K. (1996).
Demonstrating the experimenting
society model with classwide behavior management
interventions. School
Psychology Review, 25(2), 199–214.
Snyder, S. J., Landt, A., Roberts, J., Smith, J. S., & Voskuil, K.
(1993, April).
Instructional clarity: The role of liking and focusing moves on
student achievement,
motivation and satisfaction. Paper presented at the Annual
Meeting of the American
Educational Research Association, Atlanta. ERIC Document
Reproduction Service ED 362 507.
Wong, H. K., & Wong, R. T. (1998). The first days of school.
Mountain View, CA: Harry
K. Wong Publications, Inc.
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NORMS AND EXPECTATIONS
35. IMPLEMENTING CLASSROOM RULES AND PROCEDURES
A STAR (STrategies And Resources) Sheet provides you with a
description of a well-researched strategy
that can help you solve the case studies in this unit.
What they are…
Classroom rules are a teacher’s stated expectations for student
behavior. Classroom procedures are
patterns for accomplishing classroom tasks. Classroom rules and
procedures are connected in three
ways. First, rules are the expectation boundaries within which
procedures are followed. Second,
procedures form routines that help students to meet the
expectations stated in the rules. Third, both rules
and procedures must be taught, practiced, and consistently
supported to be effective in the classroom.
(Cohesive sets of rules and procedures are two aspects of a
comprehensive behavior management
system.)
What the research and resources say...
• A dependable system of rules and procedures provides
structure for students. This structure helps
students to be engaged with instructional tasks and
communicates to students that the teacher cares for
them. (Brophy, 1998).
• Authoritative implementation of rules includes communicating
care and respect for students, teaching
students what is expected of them and why this is of value, and
responding to students’ actions and
interactions in ways that help them to become more responsible
self-regulated learners (Brophy, 1998).
36. • Rules are few in number, always apply, and must be
understood by all. Procedures are many in number,
are specific to certain tasks, and must be understood by all.
(Evertson & Harris, 2003)
• Teaching rules and procedures to students at the beginning of
the year and enforcing them consistently
across time increases student academic achievement and task
engagement (Evertson, 1985; 1989;
Evertson & Emmer, 1982; Evertson, Emmer, Sanford, &
Clements, 1983; Johnson, Stoner, & Green,
1996).
• Effective teaching includes teaching functional routines
(procedures) to students at the beginning of
the year and using these routines to efficiently move through
the school day (Leinhardt, Weidman, &
Hammond, 1987).
• Having all students––including those with behavioral
difficulties––participate in developing classroom
rules offers them the opportunity to cooperate, collaborate, and
make connections with each other as
well as to develop a sense of ownership in the classroom (Castle
& Rogers, 1993; Martin & Hayes,
1998).
Sample Classroom Rules
1. Re spect yourself, your peers, and their propert y.
2. Talk at appropriate time s and use appropriate voice s.
3. Be in your se at and re ady for class when the bell rings.
4. Follow my directions.
5. Obey all school rule s. Adapted from Evertson & Harris,
2003;
37. Evertson, Emmer, & Worsham, 2003
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Example rules and procedures…
The chart below connects sample classroom rules with some
examples of procedures that help students
meet the expectation(s) within the stated rule.
Rule Sample Corresponding
Procedure(s)
Respect yourself,
your peers, and their
property.
Ask and recei ve permission before borrowing
some thing.
Be in your seat and
ready for class when the
bell rings.
Place your comple ted home work in the
home work baske t as you enter class.
Get permission to talk. 1. Raise your hand to reque st a turn
when the
te acher is talking.
2. Use indoor voice s during a class discussion,
waiting for a pause in the conversation to
insert your thought.
38. Tips for implementation...
• Anticipate what students need to know and do in the
classroom, both academically and socially, before
the school year begins. Plan for the first days of school based
on these learning goals.
For example, if students’ prompt attendance is needed to
maximize instructional time, then plan for
corresponding classroom rules and procedures by responding to
such questions as:
– What time will class begin?
– How will I be prepared to begin class promptly?
– How will I present my expectations of promptness to
students?
– What consequences will result from tardiness?
• Select rules and procedures that you are able to sustain and
state them positively (e.g., “Walk in the
hallways” rather than “Don’t run”). See Guidelines for Writing
Rules at the end of this STAR Sheet.
• Begin modeling and discussing the class rules and procedures
on the first day of school.
• Explain to students the purpose and rationale for classroom
rules and procedures.
• Identify positive examples of class rules and procedures in
action and provide role-play opportunities for
each.
• Develop, teach, practice, and support new procedures as
necessary to support effective routines in the
classroom.
• Consistently respond to student behavior regarding the
established classroom rules and procedures.
39. 16http://iris.peabody.
Keep in mind...
• Your rules (developed with your students or on your own)
should support your learning goals for the
class, should be ones your students can understand and
accomplish, and should be associatesd with clear
positive and negative consequences. These rules may vary by
subject matter, grade level, and group
dynamics.
• Writing rules with your students is a lengthy process (2–3
mornings/ class sessions).
• The procedures you establish in your classroom should help
students to comply with your stated
expectations, should be ones your students can understand and
accomplish, and should be retaught as
needed to help students remember the patterns.
• Your actions and interactions with students can either support
or undermine the classroom rules and
procedures you are implementing. For example, if a teacher uses
humiliation or sarcasm to communicate
with students, the students are significantly less likely to feel
respected and to offer respect to others in
turn.
Resources...
Castle, K., & Rogers, K. (1993). Rule-creating in a
constructivist classroom community.
Childhood Education, 70(2), 77–80.
40. Evertson, C. M. (1985). Training teachers in classroom
management: An experiment in
secondary classrooms. Journal of Educational Research, 79, 51–
58.
Evertson, C. M. (1989) Improving elementary classroom
management: A school-based
training program for beginning the year. Journal of Educational
Research, 83(2), 82–90.
Evertson, C. M., & Emmer, E. T. (1982). Effective management
at the beginning of the
school year in junior high classes. Journal of Educational
Psychology, 74, 485–498.
Evertson, C. M., & Emmer, E. T., Sanford, J. P., & Clements,
B. S. (1983). Improving
classroom management: An experiment in elementary
classrooms. The Elementary
School Journal, 84, 173–188.
Evertson, C. M., & Harris, A. H. (2003). COMP: Creating
conditions for learning.
Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University.
Johnson, T. C., Stoner, G., & Green, S. K. (1996).
Demonstrating the experimenting
society model with classwide behavior management
interventions. School
Psychology Review, 25(2), 199–214.
Leinhardt, G., Weidman, C., & Hammond, K. M. (1987).
Introduction and integration of
classroom routines by expert teachers. Curriculum Inquiry,
17(2), 135–175.
41. Martin, H., & Hayes, S. (1998). Overcoming obstacles:
Approaches to dealing with
problem pupils. British Journal of Special Education, 25(3),
135–139.
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Guidelines for Writing Rules*
(Accompanies Implementing Classroom Rules and Procedures
STAR Sheet)
Rules govern relationships––with others, time space, and
materials. They are
consistent across situations and few in number. The eight
guidelines below can help
you develop effective rules for your classroom.
1. Consistent with school rules
Classroom rules should not conflict with school rules; school
rules should be in effect
in the classroom.
2. Understandable
Rules must be stated so that students clearly understand what is
meant. Vocabulary
should be consistent with students’ grade and ability level.
3. Doable
Rules must be such that students are capable of following them.
They must be within
students maturation level and mental and physical abilities.
42. 4. Manageable
Rules should be easily monitored and not require excessive
classroom time to hold
students accountable.
5. Always applicable
Rules should be consistent; they should not vary or change.
6. Stated positively
Stating rules positively encourages the desired behavior.
Although it is sometimes
difficult to state all rules positively, most “don’ts” can be
transformed to “do’s.” (Even
“No gum” can be stated as “Leave all gum at home.”)
7. Stated behaviorally
Rules are easily understood and monitored when defined with
action statements
beginning with a verb––statements that describe what students
are to “do”––such as
“Leave all gum at home” or “Bring needed materials to class.”
8. Consistent with your own philosophy
Your rules should reflect what you believe about how students
learn best.
*Used with permission. Evertson, C. M., & Harris, A. H.
(2003). COMP: Creating Conditions for Learning (6th ed.).
Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University. p. 2.08E.
18http://iris.peabody.
NORMS AND EXPECTATIONS
43. SUPPORTING EXPECTATIONS CONSISTENTLY
A STAR (STrategies And Resources) Sheet provides you with a
description of a well-researched strategy that
can help you solve the case studies in this unit.
What it is…
The consistent support of expectations is essential to the
development of classroom norms that promote
student learning. Consistency requires that the teacher equitably
reinforces appropriate student behavior
and deters inappropriate student behavior. Teachers must first
teach students the classroom rules and
procedures, provide students practice with them, and then
consistently respond to student actions
and interactions in regard to these rules and procedures.
(Teacher responses or consequences are one
component of a comprehensive behavior management system.)
What the research and resources say…
• Teaching rules and procedures to students at the beginning of
the year and enforcing them consistently
across time increases student academic achievement and task
engagement (Evertson, 1985; 1989;
Evertson & Emmer, 1982; Johnson, Stoner, & Green, 1996).
• Teachers should focus on increasing positive behavior and
interactions by consistently enforcing
expectations (Shores, Gunter, & Jack, 1993).
• When teachers are inconsistent in their enforcement of
expectations, students become uncertain of what
those expectations are and whether the expectations apply to
them (Evertson, Emmer, & Worsham,
44. 2003).
• Three sources for inconsistency occur when a teacher exhibits:
a) unreasonable expectations,
b) incomplete monitoring, and c) halfhearted expectations
(Evertson, Emmer, & Worsham, 2003).
Students cannot accomplish the unreasonable, try to get away
with what they can, and know when a
behavior is not really expected.
• Teachers who respond consistently feel positive about their
teaching and help students improve their
performance (Freiberg, Stein, & Huang, 1995).
• Clearly stating expectations and consistently supporting them
lends credibility to a teacher’s authority
(Good & Brophy, 2000).
Tips for Implementation…
• Know and understand both your expectations for students and
your responses when students meet or
do not meet these expectations. You should have responses for
meeting your expectations (positive, or
supporting, consequences) and for not meeting your
expectations (negative, or deterring, consequences).
• State expectations clearly. Post your classroom rules. Practice
the classroom procedures until they
become routine.
• Monitor students’ progress in meeting expectations.
• Provide feedback to students as they work so they know if
they are meeting your expectations.
• Indicate to students when they have or have not met your
expectations. Respond to all students who
45. meet or do not meet your expectations in an equitable manner
consistent with your plans (as determined
19http://iris.peabody.
by first tip).
Keep in mind…
• Supporting your expectations is not always easy or popular,
but it is the best way to assure that all
students have equal opportunities to succeed. An adjective that
might be used to describe a teacher who
exhibits consistency is “fair.”
• Making exceptions for individuals to meet your expectations
at a different level is sometimes necessary
(e.g., extenuating circumstances, IEP requirements, etc.), but
may communicate to other students that
the original expectation is not reasonable or meaningful. Be
prudent about adjusting your expectations
for individuals and be sure to communicate those adjustments
and the rationale for them to students.
Resources…
Evertson, C. M. (1985). Training teachers in classroom
management: An experiment in secondary
classrooms. Journal of Educational Research, 79, 51–58.
Evertson, C. M. (1989) Improving elementary classroom
management: A school-based training program
for beginning the year. Journal of Educational Research, 83(2),
46. 82–90.
Evertson, C. M. & Emmer, E. (1982). Effective management at
the beginning of the school year in
junior high classes. Journal of Educational Psychology, 74,
485–498.
Evertson, C. M., Emmer, E. T., & Worsham, M. E. (2003).
Classroom management for elementary
teachers (6th ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Freiberg, H., Stein, T., & Huang, S. (1995). Effects of a
classroom management intervention on
student achievement in inner-city elementary schools.
Educational Research and Evaluation: An
International Journal on Theory and Practice, 1, 36–66.
Good, T. L., & Brophy, J. E. (2000). Looking in classrooms (8th
ed.). New York: Longman.
Johnson, T. C., Stoner, G., & Green, S. K. (1996).
Demonstrating the experimenting society model with
classwide behavior management interventions. School
Psychology Review, 25(2), 199–214.
Shores, R. E., Gunter, P. L., & Jack, S. L. (1993). Classroom
management strategies: Are they setting
events for coercion? Behavioral Disorders, 18(2), 92–102.
20http://iris.peabody.
NORMS AND EXPECTATIONS
REEVALUATING ESTABLISHED NORMS
47. A STAR (STrategies And Resources) Sheet provides you with a
description of a well-researched strategy
that can help you solve the case studies in this unit.
What it is…
Reevaluating established norms is the practice of reflecting
upon, and adjusting as necessary, the
accepted classroom norms. Since norms are developed and
maintained through the interactions of
individuals, they can shift and change. The environments in
which the norms are established can also
change. While reflecting upon the established classroom norms,
a teacher compares the accepted norms
of the classroom to those desired for maintaining an effective
classroom. When a discrepancy is found
between what is needed for a successful learning environment
and the established classroom norms,
the teacher must adjust these norms through instruction, clear
communication of expectations, and
consistent support of these expectations. The process of
reevaluating established norms is one portion of
a teacher’s continual evaluation of the learning environment in
his or her classroom.
What the research and resources say…
• As students become more familiar with classroom routines and
procedures, additional instructional
formats and more challenging work can be incorporated
(Evertson, Emmer, & Worsham, 2003; Good &
Brophy, 2000). These changes may require adaptations to
established classroom norms.
Tips for implementation…
• Regularly reflect on the classroom rules and procedures
48. implemented in the classroom. Consider the
students’ actions and interactions as well as your own. Compare
the accepted norms (what has become
familiar in your classroom) with what is required for an
effective classroom.
• Continue to support and reinforce constructive classroom
norms through the classroom rules and
procedures you have implemented. Note: Procedures can be
changed as needed to support constructive
classroom norms.
• Where changes are needed, discuss with students the rationale
for the change and the process needed
to achieve it. Note: Sometimes the change that is required is for
you to be more consistent when
responding to student actions and interactions.
• State your expectations clearly to students and support these
expectations consistently.
Keep in mind…
• If you wish to increase student commitment to altering a
classroom norm, involve them in the planning
and implementation of the change process.
• Changing established norms can be difficult and time-
consuming. Students who do not understand or
agree with the need for change may resist the process.
Resources…
Evertson, C. M., Emmer, E. T., & Worsham, M. E. (2003).
Classroom management for elementary
49. teachers (6th ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Good, T. L., & Brophy, J. E. (2000). Looking in classrooms (8th
ed.). New York: Longman.