The pileated woodpecker is the third largest woodpecker in North America. They live in mature forests containing dead trees and coniferous or deciduous forests. Pileated woodpeckers defend large territories between 1,000-4,000 acres in size. Young are helpless when hatched and fledge around 24-30 days later. Pileated woodpeckers excavate deep cavities in trees over several months that provide shelter. Their range covers northern parts of Canada, the United States, and Yukon Territory.