This document provides an overview of the Conversation Skills program for developing children's conversation abilities from ages 3-4. It includes an introduction to conversation skills, an initial screening process to assess children's abilities, checklists of skills to target, classroom interventions including small group work and informal interactions, guidance on lesson planning, teaching methods, vocabulary work, monitoring progress, and links to literacy development. The program is intended to take about a year to complete and aims to help children gain the language skills needed for school.
Speaking involves the vocalized production of language in real time through the use of the speech organs. It is the hardest of the four language skills due to the limited time for planning. Speaking requires conceptualizing ideas, formulating them syntactically and lexically, articulating sounds, self-monitoring, and employing fluency strategies like pausing, fillers and prefabricated language chunks. Fluency depends on factors like speech rate, length of pauses, and use of fillers. Successful speaking also requires turn-taking skills and knowledge of genres, contexts, and social relationships.
This is my 1st semester assignment on "Pronunciation" topic. This assignment will help the reader to understand how to pronounce English phonemes correctly. International Phonetic Alphabet is the tool for English students to practice their pronunciation.
1. The document discusses teaching speaking skills and provides characteristics of spoken language, principles for designing speaking activities, using group work, and common types of activities.
2. Some key characteristics of spoken language mentioned are its spontaneity, time constraints, and inclusion of false starts and repetitions.
3. Successful speaking tasks encourage maximum foreign language use, even participation, high motivation, accommodate different proficiency levels, and promote cooperation.
The document discusses the importance of developing listening, speaking, reading, and writing (LSRW) skills for engineering students and professionals. It notes that surveys have found communication skills to be very important for engineers. Various universities have introduced programs focused on technical communication and English for specific purposes to develop students' LSRW abilities. However, results have not been fully satisfactory due to factors like low English proficiency and lack of exposure. The document proposes that LSRW skills be systematically taught using effective strategies and material in order to improve engineering students' communication skills.
The document provides 9 tips for improving English speaking skills: 1) Improve grammar; 2) Improve vocabulary by using dictionaries; 3) Improve listening skills by watching movies and radio; 4) Learn the International Phonetic Alphabet; 5) Practice thinking and speaking in English; 6) Practice speaking with other students; 7) Travel to English-speaking countries; 8) Speak with native English speakers; 9) Don't be afraid of making mistakes. The tips encourage activities like using dictionaries, listening practice, speaking practice with others, and getting corrections to improve speaking ability.
Teaching listening skills and Spoken Communication SkillsDokka Srinivasu
The document discusses developing listening and speaking skills for communication in an English language course. It argues the main goal should be developing students' ability to communicate effectively, rather than just mastering language forms. It provides tips for encouraging real communication in the classroom, such as establishing English as the main language and using interesting, stimulating topics. It also discusses the listening process, what skills learners need to listen effectively, implications for the classroom, and designing listening activities with pre, during and post stages.
The document describes several activities used in a spoken English class, including interactive story, mock seminar, and cross fire. The activities involve students and teachers participating through question and answer sessions, presentations, or discussions to develop students' English skills in areas like fluency, vocabulary, grammar, and creativity, with teachers evaluating students' performance.
The document provides information on effective speaking skills. It begins by defining speaking as a productive skill and listing the characteristics of effective speaking as including dynamism, informality, clarity, vividness, brevity, interest, audience orientation, lack of errors, authenticity, and organization.
It then lists qualities of effective public speakers such as confidence, passion, practicing instead of memorizing, speaking naturally, authenticity, brevity, connecting with the audience, storytelling, knowing the audience, and using appropriate energy.
Finally, it provides tips for teachers to help students speak more effectively, such as teaching specific strategies, focusing on pronunciation but not demanding native-like fluency, monitoring students, being sensitive when correcting,
Speaking involves the vocalized production of language in real time through the use of the speech organs. It is the hardest of the four language skills due to the limited time for planning. Speaking requires conceptualizing ideas, formulating them syntactically and lexically, articulating sounds, self-monitoring, and employing fluency strategies like pausing, fillers and prefabricated language chunks. Fluency depends on factors like speech rate, length of pauses, and use of fillers. Successful speaking also requires turn-taking skills and knowledge of genres, contexts, and social relationships.
This is my 1st semester assignment on "Pronunciation" topic. This assignment will help the reader to understand how to pronounce English phonemes correctly. International Phonetic Alphabet is the tool for English students to practice their pronunciation.
1. The document discusses teaching speaking skills and provides characteristics of spoken language, principles for designing speaking activities, using group work, and common types of activities.
2. Some key characteristics of spoken language mentioned are its spontaneity, time constraints, and inclusion of false starts and repetitions.
3. Successful speaking tasks encourage maximum foreign language use, even participation, high motivation, accommodate different proficiency levels, and promote cooperation.
The document discusses the importance of developing listening, speaking, reading, and writing (LSRW) skills for engineering students and professionals. It notes that surveys have found communication skills to be very important for engineers. Various universities have introduced programs focused on technical communication and English for specific purposes to develop students' LSRW abilities. However, results have not been fully satisfactory due to factors like low English proficiency and lack of exposure. The document proposes that LSRW skills be systematically taught using effective strategies and material in order to improve engineering students' communication skills.
The document provides 9 tips for improving English speaking skills: 1) Improve grammar; 2) Improve vocabulary by using dictionaries; 3) Improve listening skills by watching movies and radio; 4) Learn the International Phonetic Alphabet; 5) Practice thinking and speaking in English; 6) Practice speaking with other students; 7) Travel to English-speaking countries; 8) Speak with native English speakers; 9) Don't be afraid of making mistakes. The tips encourage activities like using dictionaries, listening practice, speaking practice with others, and getting corrections to improve speaking ability.
Teaching listening skills and Spoken Communication SkillsDokka Srinivasu
The document discusses developing listening and speaking skills for communication in an English language course. It argues the main goal should be developing students' ability to communicate effectively, rather than just mastering language forms. It provides tips for encouraging real communication in the classroom, such as establishing English as the main language and using interesting, stimulating topics. It also discusses the listening process, what skills learners need to listen effectively, implications for the classroom, and designing listening activities with pre, during and post stages.
The document describes several activities used in a spoken English class, including interactive story, mock seminar, and cross fire. The activities involve students and teachers participating through question and answer sessions, presentations, or discussions to develop students' English skills in areas like fluency, vocabulary, grammar, and creativity, with teachers evaluating students' performance.
The document provides information on effective speaking skills. It begins by defining speaking as a productive skill and listing the characteristics of effective speaking as including dynamism, informality, clarity, vividness, brevity, interest, audience orientation, lack of errors, authenticity, and organization.
It then lists qualities of effective public speakers such as confidence, passion, practicing instead of memorizing, speaking naturally, authenticity, brevity, connecting with the audience, storytelling, knowing the audience, and using appropriate energy.
Finally, it provides tips for teachers to help students speak more effectively, such as teaching specific strategies, focusing on pronunciation but not demanding native-like fluency, monitoring students, being sensitive when correcting,
This document provides tips on using effective body language when presenting. It discusses maintaining eye contact with the audience by looking at individuals for a few seconds each. Facial expressions and gestures should match what is being said to avoid confusion. Presenters should stand with an open posture and balanced stance rather than slouching. Rehearsing helps reduce reliance on notes and nervousness to allow natural body language.
This document discusses effective listening skills. It defines listening as an active mental process that requires focus and effort, unlike passive hearing. Good listening skills are important for communication, relationships, conflict resolution and career success. The document outlines barriers to listening like distractions. It recommends active listening techniques like reflecting and paraphrasing to ensure understanding. Effective listening takes practice to overcome natural tendencies to plan responses rather than focus on the speaker.
The document discusses various types of formal oral communication including public speeches, presentations, meetings, group discussions, and interviews. It provides tips for each type of communication as well as dos and don'ts. For public speeches, it suggests doing research, organizing ideas logically, and using techniques like eye contact. For meetings, it outlines the roles of chairperson, secretary, and participants. Group discussions allow people to share views and are beneficial for skills development. Proper preparation and positive qualities are keys for successful job interviews.
The document provides guidance on how to teach speaking in the classroom. It discusses the characteristics of successful speaking activities, common problems that inhibit student speaking, and strategies teachers can use to address these problems. Specifically:
1) Successful speaking activities have high student motivation, use an appropriate language level, involve meaningful interaction, give all students a chance to speak, and are well-designed for skill development.
2) Problems that can inhibit speaking include student inhibition, low participation, and activities that do not engage students.
3) Teachers can address these problems by using group work, ensuring activities use "easy language", giving clear instructions, choosing engaging topics, and training students in discussion skills.
Word formation refers to the creation of new words by combining existing morphemes. There are productive and non-productive ways of word formation. Productive methods include affixation (adding prefixes or suffixes), compounding, conversion, abbreviation, and clipping. Non-productive methods are blending, backformation, sound imitation, and stress interchange. Affixation is the most common productive method and involves changing the part of speech or meaning of a word by adding prefixes or suffixes.
Reading comprehension involves understanding written text by processing it and relating it to what is already known. The purpose of reading is to gain meaning, and instruction aims to help students develop skills and knowledge to become proficient readers. Strategies like skimming, scanning, and focusing answers on passage content rather than outside knowledge can help with comprehension assessments. Common errors include incomplete or unmarked answers, inefficient reading, and improper formatting.
This document provides tips for improving English pronunciation and speaking abilities. It recommends observing the mouth movements of fluent English speakers, slowing down speech, focusing on removing one's native language influence, listening to English media, finding English speaking friends both online and in person, practicing singing English songs, learning the phonetic alphabet, focusing on individual problem sounds, and ensuring clear enunciation even if retaining an accent. The key is being understood while gradually increasing comfort through regular practice speaking English.
The document discusses techniques for asking and answering questions during instruction. It provides examples of different types of questions like developmental, leading, and check questions. It also offers tips for encouraging learners to ask questions, such as telling them questions are welcome, acknowledging good questions, and being patient. Learners should not be made to feel questions are discouraged through comments or behaviors from the instructor.
Beginners guide to speaking in correct englishMansi McArthur
The document provides tips for improving one's English pronunciation to sound like a native speaker. It recommends practicing by watching TV and imitating mouth movements and intonation. One should speak slowly at first for clarity and record themselves to compare with native recordings. With regular practice of reading aloud, listening to oneself, and removing influences from one's mother tongue, one can improve their English pronunciation over time through persistent effort.
This document provides an overview of writing skills and strategies for improving writing. It discusses the writing process, editing, finding the best place to write, importance of writing, types of writing, common errors, and strategies to improve student writing. The presentation covers topics such as planning, drafting, revising writing, practicing writing regularly, proofreading, and developing basic grammar skills. It also discusses scribbling, drawing, and dictation as strategies to help students improve their writing abilities.
To improve English speaking skills, one must listen to native English speakers daily to learn proper pronunciation and observe their mouth movements. Watching English shows and movies helps build accent and vocabulary. While basic grammar is important, too much focus on rules can make speech stiff; it is better to speak freely and improve grammar over time. Thinking in English rather than translating is more effective for fluency. Regular practice, such as reading aloud daily and talking with English speakers, helps strengthen mouth muscles and improve usage of words and sentence formation. Getting feedback on strengths and areas for improvement from evaluations is valuable for learning.
The document discusses developing speaking skills in a foreign language. It identifies speaking as one of the four productive skills that must be mastered. It provides tips for improving speaking skills, such as finding native English speakers to practice with, slowing down speech for clarity, and recording oneself to identify areas for improvement. Effective instructors teach speaking strategies like using minimal responses and recognizing scripts to help students expand their language skills and confidence.
- Pronunciation teaching is most effective when it incorporates connected speech practice rather than isolated sounds. Teachers should apply pronunciation rules to authentic activities rather than abstract material.
- Developing speaking skills requires extensive language exposure, cultural understanding, and meaningful interactive practice such as information gap activities where students ask each other questions.
- Teachers should maximize student talking time, provide feedback without interrupting fluency, and create a low-pressure environment where all students can regularly participate.
This document compares the uses of the words "until" and "as long as". It explains that "until" can be used as both a preposition and conjunction, while "as long as" is always a conjunction. It provides examples of how each word is used in different contexts such as expressing a point in time or condition. It also notes some idiomatic uses of "as long as". Overall, the document provides a concise explanation of the differences between "until" and "as long as" through definitions and examples.
This document discusses how to reduce mother tongue influence (MTI) when speaking English as a second language. MTI occurs because our first language shapes how we learn and practice English. To reduce MTI, the document recommends improving pronunciation and learning correct intonation and rhythm patterns. It also suggests regularly reading, writing and listening to English content, as well as recording your voice to identify mistakes and practice speaking clearly. Taking online spoken English classes can also help by providing personalized training, guidance and study materials.
This document provides tips for improving English speaking skills and becoming more fluent. It advises not being afraid to make mistakes when speaking and to continue speaking even when errors occur. It also recommends memorizing conversation starters to initiate interactions and practicing speaking through everyday processes like following recipes. Learning phrases and from others who speak English can further aid in becoming more confident and fluent. Regular practice of speaking is important for improvement over time.
A good listener focuses on the speaker without interrupting, responds to engage them through body language and follow up questions. Key qualities of a good listener include staying present in the conversation without distractions, being curious without judgment, and having strong reception through senses and asking clarifying questions. To be a good listener, one should avoid distractions, maintain eye contact, let the speaker finish without interrupting, and use active listening skills like restating or asking questions.
This document provides tips for teachers to improve their spoken English skills. It was written by Karuna Vempati, who has an MA and M.Phil from the Department of English at Dilsukhnagar Public School. The document encourages teachers to stay positive in their efforts to enhance their spoken English abilities.
This document provides an overview of the Listening Skills program, which aims to develop children's understanding of spoken language and phonics skills in preparation for reading. It includes an initial screen to assess children's listening skills, followed by three checklists of skills to target. Teachers deliver small group and whole class lessons focusing on behaviors from the checklists. Progress is monitored individually. The program is expected to take about a year to complete and aims to lay the foundation for literacy.
Students with Language Disorders
Katie, Simona, Kara, Sheree and John
(YouTube videos are included directly following the slides on which they are linked i.e. you don't need to click the link as the videos are on the next slide)
This document provides tips on using effective body language when presenting. It discusses maintaining eye contact with the audience by looking at individuals for a few seconds each. Facial expressions and gestures should match what is being said to avoid confusion. Presenters should stand with an open posture and balanced stance rather than slouching. Rehearsing helps reduce reliance on notes and nervousness to allow natural body language.
This document discusses effective listening skills. It defines listening as an active mental process that requires focus and effort, unlike passive hearing. Good listening skills are important for communication, relationships, conflict resolution and career success. The document outlines barriers to listening like distractions. It recommends active listening techniques like reflecting and paraphrasing to ensure understanding. Effective listening takes practice to overcome natural tendencies to plan responses rather than focus on the speaker.
The document discusses various types of formal oral communication including public speeches, presentations, meetings, group discussions, and interviews. It provides tips for each type of communication as well as dos and don'ts. For public speeches, it suggests doing research, organizing ideas logically, and using techniques like eye contact. For meetings, it outlines the roles of chairperson, secretary, and participants. Group discussions allow people to share views and are beneficial for skills development. Proper preparation and positive qualities are keys for successful job interviews.
The document provides guidance on how to teach speaking in the classroom. It discusses the characteristics of successful speaking activities, common problems that inhibit student speaking, and strategies teachers can use to address these problems. Specifically:
1) Successful speaking activities have high student motivation, use an appropriate language level, involve meaningful interaction, give all students a chance to speak, and are well-designed for skill development.
2) Problems that can inhibit speaking include student inhibition, low participation, and activities that do not engage students.
3) Teachers can address these problems by using group work, ensuring activities use "easy language", giving clear instructions, choosing engaging topics, and training students in discussion skills.
Word formation refers to the creation of new words by combining existing morphemes. There are productive and non-productive ways of word formation. Productive methods include affixation (adding prefixes or suffixes), compounding, conversion, abbreviation, and clipping. Non-productive methods are blending, backformation, sound imitation, and stress interchange. Affixation is the most common productive method and involves changing the part of speech or meaning of a word by adding prefixes or suffixes.
Reading comprehension involves understanding written text by processing it and relating it to what is already known. The purpose of reading is to gain meaning, and instruction aims to help students develop skills and knowledge to become proficient readers. Strategies like skimming, scanning, and focusing answers on passage content rather than outside knowledge can help with comprehension assessments. Common errors include incomplete or unmarked answers, inefficient reading, and improper formatting.
This document provides tips for improving English pronunciation and speaking abilities. It recommends observing the mouth movements of fluent English speakers, slowing down speech, focusing on removing one's native language influence, listening to English media, finding English speaking friends both online and in person, practicing singing English songs, learning the phonetic alphabet, focusing on individual problem sounds, and ensuring clear enunciation even if retaining an accent. The key is being understood while gradually increasing comfort through regular practice speaking English.
The document discusses techniques for asking and answering questions during instruction. It provides examples of different types of questions like developmental, leading, and check questions. It also offers tips for encouraging learners to ask questions, such as telling them questions are welcome, acknowledging good questions, and being patient. Learners should not be made to feel questions are discouraged through comments or behaviors from the instructor.
Beginners guide to speaking in correct englishMansi McArthur
The document provides tips for improving one's English pronunciation to sound like a native speaker. It recommends practicing by watching TV and imitating mouth movements and intonation. One should speak slowly at first for clarity and record themselves to compare with native recordings. With regular practice of reading aloud, listening to oneself, and removing influences from one's mother tongue, one can improve their English pronunciation over time through persistent effort.
This document provides an overview of writing skills and strategies for improving writing. It discusses the writing process, editing, finding the best place to write, importance of writing, types of writing, common errors, and strategies to improve student writing. The presentation covers topics such as planning, drafting, revising writing, practicing writing regularly, proofreading, and developing basic grammar skills. It also discusses scribbling, drawing, and dictation as strategies to help students improve their writing abilities.
To improve English speaking skills, one must listen to native English speakers daily to learn proper pronunciation and observe their mouth movements. Watching English shows and movies helps build accent and vocabulary. While basic grammar is important, too much focus on rules can make speech stiff; it is better to speak freely and improve grammar over time. Thinking in English rather than translating is more effective for fluency. Regular practice, such as reading aloud daily and talking with English speakers, helps strengthen mouth muscles and improve usage of words and sentence formation. Getting feedback on strengths and areas for improvement from evaluations is valuable for learning.
The document discusses developing speaking skills in a foreign language. It identifies speaking as one of the four productive skills that must be mastered. It provides tips for improving speaking skills, such as finding native English speakers to practice with, slowing down speech for clarity, and recording oneself to identify areas for improvement. Effective instructors teach speaking strategies like using minimal responses and recognizing scripts to help students expand their language skills and confidence.
- Pronunciation teaching is most effective when it incorporates connected speech practice rather than isolated sounds. Teachers should apply pronunciation rules to authentic activities rather than abstract material.
- Developing speaking skills requires extensive language exposure, cultural understanding, and meaningful interactive practice such as information gap activities where students ask each other questions.
- Teachers should maximize student talking time, provide feedback without interrupting fluency, and create a low-pressure environment where all students can regularly participate.
This document compares the uses of the words "until" and "as long as". It explains that "until" can be used as both a preposition and conjunction, while "as long as" is always a conjunction. It provides examples of how each word is used in different contexts such as expressing a point in time or condition. It also notes some idiomatic uses of "as long as". Overall, the document provides a concise explanation of the differences between "until" and "as long as" through definitions and examples.
This document discusses how to reduce mother tongue influence (MTI) when speaking English as a second language. MTI occurs because our first language shapes how we learn and practice English. To reduce MTI, the document recommends improving pronunciation and learning correct intonation and rhythm patterns. It also suggests regularly reading, writing and listening to English content, as well as recording your voice to identify mistakes and practice speaking clearly. Taking online spoken English classes can also help by providing personalized training, guidance and study materials.
This document provides tips for improving English speaking skills and becoming more fluent. It advises not being afraid to make mistakes when speaking and to continue speaking even when errors occur. It also recommends memorizing conversation starters to initiate interactions and practicing speaking through everyday processes like following recipes. Learning phrases and from others who speak English can further aid in becoming more confident and fluent. Regular practice of speaking is important for improvement over time.
A good listener focuses on the speaker without interrupting, responds to engage them through body language and follow up questions. Key qualities of a good listener include staying present in the conversation without distractions, being curious without judgment, and having strong reception through senses and asking clarifying questions. To be a good listener, one should avoid distractions, maintain eye contact, let the speaker finish without interrupting, and use active listening skills like restating or asking questions.
This document provides tips for teachers to improve their spoken English skills. It was written by Karuna Vempati, who has an MA and M.Phil from the Department of English at Dilsukhnagar Public School. The document encourages teachers to stay positive in their efforts to enhance their spoken English abilities.
This document provides an overview of the Listening Skills program, which aims to develop children's understanding of spoken language and phonics skills in preparation for reading. It includes an initial screen to assess children's listening skills, followed by three checklists of skills to target. Teachers deliver small group and whole class lessons focusing on behaviors from the checklists. Progress is monitored individually. The program is expected to take about a year to complete and aims to lay the foundation for literacy.
Students with Language Disorders
Katie, Simona, Kara, Sheree and John
(YouTube videos are included directly following the slides on which they are linked i.e. you don't need to click the link as the videos are on the next slide)
This document provides information about speech, language, and communication needs (SLCN). It defines the roles of specialist speech and language therapists and teachers in supporting students with SLCN. It notes that approximately 10% of students have SLCN and 5-7% have them as a primary difficulty. The document discusses factors that can impact language development, both inside and outside of the child, and provides strategies teachers can use to support students with receptive language, expressive language, speech, and social language skills.
The document discusses the communicative language teaching approach and its basic principles. It emphasizes using activities and materials that get students communicating in realistic, meaningful ways about situations from their real lives. It stresses the importance of fluency as well as accuracy, and views mistakes as part of the learning process. It also discusses how the communicative approach changes the roles of teachers and students, with teachers facilitating and students actively participating.
Children acquire language very easily in their early years, starting with single words and progressing to complete sentences. Language acquisition requires exposure to the language through comprehensible input. When teaching a second language, teachers must provide input that students can understand but not fully reproduce, and create opportunities for students to practice and use the language. Different methods emphasize different approaches, such as focusing on grammar rules, behavioral conditioning, or communicative activities. Successful language learning engages students, encourages independent study, and activates acquired knowledge through personalized activities.
This document provides an overview of a module on teaching English that includes 5 lessons covering listening, speaking, reading, writing, and assessment. It introduces the objectives of the module which are to help teachers reflect on communication skills and strategies for effective English instruction. The module is self-paced and includes activities, self-check questions, and a pre-assessment and post-assessment to evaluate teacher performance.
Creating a positive supporting environment for children with Disordersftynnajiha93
Creating a positive environment is important for children with speech disorders. A positive environment provides structure, routine, and security to build children's confidence and stimulate learning. Examples of positive environments include the home, classroom, and outdoors. Teachers can help by seating students with speech disorders near the front, using visual aids, speaking privately, and getting student input. Parents and teachers should build on strengths, show value in diversity, and support each other through groups.
Wendy Lee - Key Strategies for Meeting the Speech, Language and Communication...IEFE
This document outlines key strategies for meeting the speech, language, and communication needs of students with learning challenges in mainstream classrooms. It discusses the importance of a whole-school approach including strong leadership, early identification of needs, impactful interventions, tracking student progress, and ongoing professional development for teachers. Specific strategies are recommended such as using visual supports, structured social interactions, explicit vocabulary instruction, and "think time" to improve student participation and outcomes.
SPED 103 Report- Learners with Developmental Language DisorderKristelJoySalmoro
This document provides information and strategies for supporting students with developmental language disorder (DLD) in the classroom. It discusses what DLD is, how it impacts learning and social skills, and offers tips for teachers. Suggestions include making instructions clear and explicit, using visual supports, breaking down information, supporting communication skills, and providing structured routines and accommodations for new concepts and tasks. The goal is to help students with DLD better understand language and fully participate in classroom activities.
This document discusses communication skills and listening skills for teachers. It emphasizes that effective communication involves listening as well as speaking. Teachers should listen actively to students to understand their perspectives and reduce tension. Active listening involves paying attention without bias, acknowledging what is said, and avoiding distractions. It is important for teachers to recognize different learning styles and needs among students. Overall, strong communication and listening skills are essential for teachers to convey information effectively and create an engaging learning environment for students.
The document outlines 12 principles of developmentally appropriate practice (DAP) in early childhood education. The principles state that child development occurs across physical, social, emotional and cognitive domains; skills build on prior abilities in sequences; rates vary individually; development results from biology and experience; early experiences have long-term effects; complexity increases over time; secure relationships and peer interactions are important; culture and context influence development; children are active learners in various ways; play promotes learning and self-regulation; challenges that build on but exceed skills support growth; and motivation and dispositions shape learning.
The document provides information on assistive technology and its use for students with disabilities. It defines assistive technology as any device or service that helps individuals with disabilities function. Studies show assistive technology can significantly improve educational and social outcomes. Schools are required to consider assistive technology needs annually in students' IEPs. Examples of assistive technologies discussed include hearing aids, FM systems, and tools to help students with ADHD focus and organize their work.
Oral communication skills in pedagogical researchWenlie Jean
This document discusses the importance of teaching oral communication skills in the classroom. It outlines three parts of oral communication - listening, speaking, and reflecting. It also discusses two approaches to teaching oral communication skills - a task-based approach and a communicative approach. Finally, it addresses some current issues teachers may face in teaching oral communication skills, such as language barriers, students with exceptionalities, and uninterested students. It provides suggestions for how to address these issues.
The document discusses strategies for teaching mixed-ability English language classes. It recommends having an open discussion with students about the range of abilities in the class. The teacher should also do a needs analysis to understand students' learning styles and preferences. Students can be grouped in different ways for different activities, such as pairing strong students with weak students or grouping by similar ability levels. Mingles, where students interact briefly with many classmates, expose all students to a variety of ability levels. The goal is to create a positive environment where all students can learn effectively.
In integrated therapy model,all specialist working in a collaborative manner,a special educator,a educator,a psychologist,a physiotherapist,an occupational therapist and a speech language pathologist.For a rehabilitation of a child there will a team who firstly discussed the whole things and then start the treatment plan.
This document summarizes key points from several presentations and workshops attended at a literacy conference. It discusses the importance of oral language, modeling reading strategies, adapting reading programs to meet student needs, intervention programs for struggling readers, the role of nutrition and behavior in learning, using games and technology to teach literacy, and tracking literacy development from early childhood to adulthood. Presenters emphasized explicit instruction in phonics, vocabulary, comprehension and other literacy skills.
This document discusses speaking skills and how to improve them. It identifies several challenges with speaking a second language, including lack of subject matter knowledge, poor listening skills, limited vocabulary, anxiety, and domination by strong speakers in class. It provides tips for teachers, such as assigning students to present current events, displaying learning materials on bulletin boards, building rapport with students, and boosting confidence of weaker students. Regular practice, using dictionaries, socializing, and qualified teachers are also recommended for improving speaking abilities. Overall, the document emphasizes the importance of speaking skills and provides strategies for learners and teachers to enhance oral communication skills.
The document discusses strategies for inclusion of children with special needs in early childhood education settings. It defines special needs and exceptional children. It provides guidelines for identifying children who may need additional support and for communicating respectfully about disabilities. The document also discusses laws requiring inclusion, preparing for inclusion through collaboration and modifying instruction, and applying principles of universal design for learning to meet diverse needs.
This document provides information for early childhood educators on supporting children's development and preparation for school. It discusses the importance of creating a language-rich environment and developing children's literacy skills, including listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Specific activities are suggested to promote skills in each area, such as reading stories aloud, encouraging conversations, labeling items, and fine motor activities to develop pre-writing skills. The document emphasizes working with families and other professionals to understand children's individual needs and ensure a smooth transition to primary school.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
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Community pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
5 conversation-skills
1. One Step at a Time: Presentation 5
CONVERSATION SKILLS
Introduction
Initial Screen
Skills Checklist
Classroom Intervention
Lesson Planning
Teaching Method
Vocabulary Work
Monitoring Progress
Moving On
Links to Literacy
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2. Conversation Skills
INTRODUCTION
Conversation Skills
is a programme for developing children’s ability to talk easily
and fluently with adults and other children, as a way of
developing the language skills they need for literacy and other
aspects of the early school curriculum
It is intended for children aged 3 to 4 and is expected to take
about a year to complete
Some children of this age, and possibly older, are not ready for
systematic work on their conversation skills and should do
Getting Started first
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3. Conversation Skills
INTRODUCTION
Conversation is the most basic of all language skills. It is:
how we learn to talk
a basic social skill
the basis of all teaching and learning
especially teaching and learning spoken language
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4. Conversation Skills
INTRODUCTION
Conversation is more than just talk. Children need to be able to:
make social contact with other people
respond to them, and take turns as speaker and listener
follow and keep to a topic, or change it appropriately
help others understand what they mean
start and end a conversation appropriately
Children also need to be able to use conversation in different contexts, and
for different purposes.
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5. Conversation Skills
INTRODUCTION
Many children entering early years education have very limited conversation
skills.
They may not have sufficient skills for systematic work on conversation, and
will need to work through Getting Started first.
These are children who are not
talking frequently and spontaneously to other people
joining words together in most of their utterances
There may be more of these children than you expect!
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6. Conversation Skills
INITIAL SCREEN
The Initial Screen helps staff to
‘tune-in’ to the relevant skills at this level of the programme
identify children’s current development of these skills
determine the amount of support they are likely to need.
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7. Conversation Skills
INITIAL SCREEN
The Initial Screen identifies children as:
Competent: they seem to be acquiring these skills without too much
difficulty and are not expected to need special attention
Developing: they seem to be slower in acquiring these skills and are
likely to need some assistance and monitoring.
Delayed: they seem to be having difficulty in acquiring these skills and
are likely to need more intensive support and monitoring.
Getting Started: they lack basic skills and need to do Getting Started
first.
These groupings are intended to be flexible and are likely to change in the
course of a term or year.
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9. Conversation Skills
INITIAL SCREEN
While children are settling into their new environment, staff can
be observing them informally in a variety of situations, focusing
on the behaviours to be assessed
Working together wherever possible, staff complete the initial
screen for each child separately
A behaviour should only be credited if a child is using it
confidently, competently and consistently. If there is any doubt
or disagreement, the behaviour should not be credited
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10. Conversation Skills
INITIAL SCREEN
The initial screen has three bands. Children are assessed band by band:
If they do not have all the behaviours in Band 1, they do not need to be
assessed on Band 2
If they do not have all the behaviours in Band 2, they do not need to be
assessed on Band 3
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11. Conversation Skills
INITIAL SCREEN
Children who lack either behaviour in Band 1 should do Getting
Started instead
Children who have both behaviours in Band 1 but lack any of the
behaviours in Band 2 are identified as Delayed, even if they
have some of the behaviours in Band 3
Children who have all the behaviours in Bands 1 and 2 but lack
any of the behaviours in Band 3 are identified as Developing
Children who have all the behaviours in all three bands are
identified as Competent
The Delayed and Getting Started groups may include some
children with special needs but should not be thought of a
special needs groups
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12. Conversation Skills
SKILLS CHECKLISTS
Conversation Skills has three checklists (one checklist divided into three
term-sized chunks):
Early Conversation Skills
Further Conversation Skills
Additional Conversation Skills
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14. Conversation Skills
SKILLS CHECKLISTS
Each checklist identifies three or four general skills, sub-divided
into separate behaviours or sub-skills
Skills and behaviours are listed in rough developmental order as
a guide to intervention
Children normally work through each checklist in sequence, one
skill at a time, but teaching of different behaviours will often
overlap
Every child and every behaviour needs to be assessed and
monitored separately
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15. Conversation Skills
CLASSROOM INTERVENTION
Conversation skills are taught primarily through small-group
work, supported by whole-class activities and informal
interaction with individual children
The checklists set teaching objectives for all children on a rolling
basis, while the initial screens determine the amount of support
needed for each child
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16. Conversation Skills
CLASSROOM INTERVENTION: Small-Group Work
Children are assigned to small teaching groups on the basis of
the initial screen. If possible, each group should be no more
than six children, and should always work with the same adult
Children identified as Delayed should receive at least one small-
group teaching session every day
Children identified as Developing should receive two or three
small-group teaching sessions a week
Children identified as Competent should receive at least one
small-group teaching session a week, for as long as they need it
Each teaching session should be 10 to 15 minutes long
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17. Conversation Skills
CLASSROOM INTERVENTION: Whole-Class Work
There should be at least one whole-class activity every day
focusing on the skills and behaviours currently being worked on
This need not be a separate ‘conversation lesson’; it can be
incorporated into any familiar classroom activity
Other whole-class activities can be used to support current
learning, at any time, several times a day
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18. Conversation Skills
CLASSROOM INTERVENTION: Informal Interaction
All children, especially children identified as Delayed, should
have at least one personal conversation with an adult every day
A list of the skills and behaviours currently being worked on
should be displayed prominently and given to parents, so
everyone can use it to guide their interaction with individual
children
All staff and other adults should be encouraged to use every
available opportunity to practise these skills with children
individually
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19. Conversation Skills
CLASSROOM INTERVENTION: Informal Interaction
Encouraging Talk in Young Children
Use the context as content
Comment, reflect, expand
Talk with, not at
Be personal
Allow time
Take care with questions
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20. Conversation Skills
LESSON PLANNING
The skills checklists provide learning and teaching objectives for
all children
Suggestions for appropriate activities are given in the Notes to
each checklist
It is not usually necessary to plan separate activities or prepare
special materials: almost any familiar activity can be used, and
any materials needed should already be available in the
classroom
As well as allocating times for small-group or other language
work, staff should also identify some activities every day where
current learning can be consolidated
Longer-term planning needs to be flexible, allowing time for
groups to go back and repeat any work they have found difficult
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21. Conversation Skills
TEACHING METHOD
Parents normally teach their children spoken language (usually without
realising they are doing it) by:
Highlighting: drawing attention to a word or behaviour by
indicating or emphasising it
Modelling: providing an example for the child to copy
Prompting: encouraging him to respond, directing him towards
an appropriate response
Rewarding: rewarding any appropriate response with praise
and further encouragement
Staff should use the same techniques, but use them explicitly and
systematically.
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22. Conversation Skills
VOCABULARY WORK
Vocabulary is crucial for children’s progress through school but
is too large to teach systematically in any detail
Vocabulary work is an optional element in Conversation Skills
and should not be introduced until children and staff are
thoroughly familiar with skills teaching
Conversation Skills includes a Vocabulary Wordlist of 100
essential words selected from the vocabulary of properties and
relations and the vocabulary of feelings and emotion
This Wordlist is intended to be supplemented with essential
topic vocabulary
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23. Conversation Skills
VOCABULARY WORK
Staff can start by selecting 3 or 4 words from the Vocabulary
Wordlist, and 4 or 6 items of essential topic vocabulary from the
current curriculum, to provide 6 to 10 words for explicit teaching as
‘this week’s special words’
These words can be varied week by week, phasing some words out
and some new ones in, and returning from time to time to any
words that have proved difficult
This will ensure that all children are exposed to the relevant
vocabulary, but will not ensure that every child does in fact know
them
Some children may need detailed vocabulary work in small groups,
using vocabulary checklists to assess and monitor their individual
learning
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24. Conversation Skills
MONITORING PROGRESS
Each child is monitored separately using the checklists. As each
child acquires a behaviour it gets ticked off on the checklist
A behaviour should only be credited when the child is using it
confidently, competently and consistently. If there is any doubt
about a behaviour, it should not be credited
Staff need to ensure that each behaviour has been properly
consolidated, and should return later to any items that have
proved difficult, to confirm that previous learning has been
retained
It is always more important that children consolidate basic skills
than that they move on to more advanced ones
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25. Conversation Skills
MOVING ON
Each group normally keeps working on the same skill until
everyone has learnt all the relevant behaviours, but it may
sometimes be better to move on to another skill and come back
again later, or to reorganise teaching groups
Each group can go at its own pace through the checklist but
staff should wait until all groups have completed that checklist
before proceeding to the next checklist
Special arrangements may have to be made for children or
groups who are having particular difficulty
Each checklist is expected to take about a term to complete
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26. Conversation Skills
LINKS TO LITERACY
Fluency in conversation supports reading and writing. Conversation:
expands children’s vocabulary
extends their sentences
improves their understanding
adds to the content of what they can talk and think about
This will help them:
follow the meaning when they are decoding written script
identify or anticipate unfamiliar words from sounds or meanings
express themselves in coherent sentences and narratives
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27. Conversation Skills
LINKS TO LITERACY
At this age children should also be developing:
an awareness and understanding of reading, by listening to
stories and looking at and talking about picture books
their auditory and phonic skills, by learning songs and nursery
rhymes, and learning to march or clap in time to music
their visual-motor skills, by learning how to sort shapes and use
simple craft tools
an awareness and understanding of writing, becoming aware of
its different uses and starting to show an interest in ‘writing’
themselves.
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