م.40-مبادرة#تواصل_تطوير-أ.د.أحمد عبدالمعطى الحكيم-إدارة أصول البنية التحتية

Infrastructure Asset Management
‫البنية‬ ‫أصول‬ ‫إدارة‬‫التحتية‬
‫د‬.‫الحكيم‬ ‫عبدالمعطى‬ ‫أحمد‬

A s s e t M a n a g e m e n t
Roads, Bridges, Sewerage ,… Asset Management

Infrastructure Asset Management (Principles)
Infra. & Asset & Organization & Management
THE Problem, THE Challenges
Asset vs. Facility vs. Cons./Pro. Mgt.
IMS – Generalization/ Customization
…
Infrastructure Management System
IMS - BMS
Main Facets,
Challenges & Models,
Ideas,
…
Agenda

Asset &
Management
Assets
valuable items (lands, projects
houses, cars,…) owned by an
Organization
Management
Decide for Actions related to owned
Assets (rent, sell, repair, renovate,…)

Infrastructure
• Provides the basic facilities, services, and installations needed for the functioning of a
community or society;
• Touches almost all aspects of life, including transportation, communications systems,
water/sewer, and buildings for schools, hospitals, and post offices, etc.
• Represents broad category of valuable assets;
• Owned by the government or by large firms; and
• In general, the infrastructure networks are projects characterized by being huge in size,
complex in nature, costly to build, operate, and maintain, and highly challenging to
manage.

Problem
The Crisis of Infrastructure Assets

US Assets!!, What about Egypt?
From Early 2000 to 2019 (USA in 2015)
3,600,000,000,000 USD
Problem

Limited Budget to Maintain Safety and
Operability of your valuable assets
Management to support proper decisions
Problem

Assets &
Organizations E G Y P T
Ministry Health Education …….
Governorate Giza Cairo …….
Region North Nsr City …….
School
…….
School (y) School (x) ……..
Country
AssetsDecision Level

Asset Mgt.
vs. Facility Mgt.
Start (Idea) End (disposal)
Project Timeline 100%
O&M
AM
Owner (Organization)
FM
User (Day-to-Day)

Asset
Management
• Asset management is an Organization level management;
• Organization can be small or large;
• Organization tries to identify its valuable Assets and plan to keep them
in good shape /performance to serve the mission they created for;
• Asset Management tries to achieve the best performance for the
organization throughout making proper decisions for its assets.

Asset
Management
• The principles to manage any type of assets are the same (same
Management System).
• The management process is very challenging as all assets compete to
receive Available/Limited Budgets to enhance their performance and
hence the organization performance.
• An asset manager should prepare a Priority Plan based on Current and
Future Conditions of assets and after examining the consequences of
possible Actions (Repair decisions) on the Overall Performance.

IMS

I S
IMS?
I = B,B,S,… or W M
IMS → Repair, Rehabilitation and Replacement Decisions
• Operation stage (NOT construction stage) !?
• Organization level (NOT project level)
• Manageable units (elements or components of the asset which
represent the organizations’ assets)
Short LongTactical
Plans

IMS
Generalization/Customization
Which Assets to repair?
Limited Budget to Maintain Safety and Operability
When to repair?
What kind of repair?
Type of Assets
Long (20)
Tactical (5)
Short (1)
Bidding, Planning, Scheduling,
Resource Mgt., …

Challenge
Simply: Which, When & What?
Assets
(5-year Tactical Plan)
Year 1 2 3 4 5
Which
When
What
Best Overall
Network
(Organization)
Condition/
Minimum Cost

In order to manage and distribute limited budgets among competing assets, it is
important to answer simultaneously three interrelated questions.
Within a certain planning horizon (e.g. a 5- year plan), and a pre-defined
budget/targeted performance,
• Which assets to consider in the plan;
• When to act (now, next year, the year after,…); &
• What kind of actions to perform (minor, moderate, or major act)?
The three questions are interrelated for example, the more major action to do (What)
the less assets you can consider (Which) due to limited budgets.
Challenge

Challenge

Building Asset Management
Building Management System (BMS)
Buildings vs. Others
BMS

BMS
Assessment
Prediction
Repair Options
Which, When & What?
Network-DSS
Inspection
LC Analysis
Prioritization and
Fund Allocation
“BUILDINGS”: Diversity, Interrelated, Technicality
Know-how & Estimate

IMS Facets
e.g., certain window Planning Horizon
time
Condition
Now
Unacceptable level
Excellent
New
x
$
Deterioration
Prediction
Optional Repair
Strategies
Condition
Assessment
Now
When?
Future
Which?
What?

DecisionsLack of historical data
Diverse components
Multiple-component interactions
Static, Inaccurate,
predicts condition not
causal problems.
Minor, Moderate,…,Replacement
Undefined meaning, cost, & impact.
Example “light repair”-
- Cost = 28% of New, &
- Improves condition from “D” to “C”.
Improper definition of
repair, and the cost /
improvement calculations.
Photographic / Optical
Non-Destructive Evaluation
Smart Sensors
Time consuming,
subjective, & costly.
Deterioration
Prediction
Optional Repair
Strategies
$$$ Improvement
Condition Assessment
Visual Inspection
IMS Facets

▪ Better Condition Assessment
▪ Deterioration/Performance Perdition
▪ Action Modeling and Representation (e.g., Repair Action)
▪ Network Optimization
How to
Support

Models &
Modeling
Uncontrollable Inputs
Controllable
Inputs
(Decision
Variables)
Output
(Projected
Results)
Model
Transforming Input into Output

Models &
Modeling
Optimization Models
▪ Frequently seek to maximize or minimize an objective function subject to constraints
▪ Relate decision variables (controllable inputs) with fixed or variable parameters
(uncontrollable inputs)
▪ Are said to be stochastic if any of the uncontrollable inputs is subject to variation,
otherwise are deterministic
▪ Generally, stochastic models are more difficult to analyze.
▪ The values of the decision variables that provide the mathematically-best output are
referred to as the optimal solution for the model.

Models &
Modeling
Data Preparation
▪ Data preparation is not a trivial step, due to the time required and the possibility of data
collection errors.
▪ A model with 50 decision variables and 25 constraints could have over 1300 data
elements!
▪ Often, a fairly large data base is needed.
▪ Information systems specialists might be needed.
Inventory

1
Condition Assessment
How to improve

Condition
Assessment RECAPP
2002
Select
Component
USER
INPUT of
Distress
Deficiency list
for the selected
component
Subjective and Needs Experts

(3) Inspection
Mechanism
(2) Evaluation
Mechanism
(1) Asset
Hierarchy
- Deficiency
Identification
- Deficiency Lists
- Weights
- DI Calculation
- OBS
- Component types
- Manageable units
- Visual Guidance
- Portable Devices
Condition
Assessment
Time consuming,
Subjective, & Costly

Interactive Visual
Database
Interactive Visual
Database

Aggregated reports for windows
Types
Symptoms
Deficiencies
Aggregated Reports
Condition
Assessment
Sample

Condition
Assessment
Survey
Possible Deficiencies
Weights for Aluminum
windows (%)
Severities
Broken / Detached Seals 38 75
Frame Related Deficiencies 25 50
Glazing Problems 10 25
Hardware Problems 20 50
Finishing Problems 7 25
S = 100%
100
1
=

=
d
i
ijij
j
SW
DI Visual Guidance

▪Pictures with DI=10, 20… 100 are
stored. The component is matched to the
closest picture; e.g., picture for DI = 60.
▪Fast, simple, & accurate.
▪Requires 5 to 11 pictures per
component (based on scale).
▪Direct condition assessment without
details about deficiencies.
Picture with DI = 80
Picture with DI = 20
.
.
.
User Interface
Scroll to a comparable
picture.
Comments
System 1:
Investigation

Investigation
0 25 50 75 100
1.
2.
n.
Please select the severity of
each defect
Calculations:
DI = 63 i.e.,
Condition = Fair
Good Fair Poor Critical
Check: This component
should match the picture
below with a Fair condition.
User Interface
▪Four pictures are stored for each
component at different condition states.
The pictures confirm the appropriateness
of the user specified severities.
▪Requires 4 pictures per component.
▪Provides detailed deficiency evaluation.
▪More Accurate.
▪Requires personal judgment to select the
severities.
Comments
System 2:

Investigation
0 25 50 75 100
1.
2.
n.
Pls. scroll each defect till a comparable
picture is shown.
User Interface
50%
Picture for def. 2 & severity
50%
Calculations:
DI = 63 i.e., Condition = Fair
▪Picture changes with user selection of
each deficiency and each severity level.
▪Requires many pictures for each
component (about 25).
▪Provides accurate and detailed
deficiency evaluation.
▪Fast and most accurate.
▪Personal judgment is almost eliminated.
Scroll to comparable picture.
CommentsSystem 3:

Condition
Assessment
Visual Guidance

Condition
Assessment
Implementation

Improved Condition
Assessment with 3D-CAD
Technology

Head Office
Experts on the go
Time Consuming
Expensive
Subjective
Condition
Assessment
Traditional- Sequential

Head Office
Caretakers
Fast
Cheap
Condition
Assessment
Proposed- Parallel

Real Building
ON SITE
The system directly attaches
pictures of each inspected
component to its respective
CAD objects.
Tablet PC
Digital
Camera
Connected
TO OFFICE

3D
View of
School
HEAD OFFICE
Superimpose
Visual
Guidance
(Less Subjective)
The building comes
to the experts, not
the opposite
Inspection Pictures
(from Site)
3D
Walkthroughs
ActualDesigned

Accurate Severity Level
IN OFFICE
VISUAL GUIDANCE SYSTEM
VISUAL GUIDANCE
EXPERT
Please Enter
Severity Level:
60
Visual
Guide
3D-CAD Animation of
Building Pictures
MATCH
??
60

Telegeoinformatics
Technologies

•All LG S10NT split AC units has a five-year service life
Meaning,
•All LG S10NT split AC units deteriorate similarly
 Generalization →
Custom or
General

Deterioration
Argument
▪ No → Reason
What if they are in the same country, city, & building?
N
No → Reason

Deterioration
Argument What if they are in the same building, direction, altitude, use,….?
No → Reason
Generalization
✓ Customization

30++ 30/(30+40+20+50)
40++ 40/(30+40+20+50)
20++ 20/(30+40+20+50)
50++ 50/(30+40+20+50)
Now (year 1)
30
40
20
50
D1
D2
D3
D4
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Future
(year 2) (year 5)
Stage1: Average Deterioration Behavior of similar
instances (e.g., Aluminum windows)
Age
Deterioration
Index(DI)
Field inspection data of
similar instances
Average
Deterioration Curve
Age
Stage2: Customization for a specific instance
(e.g., Aluminum window 1)
DI=33
W1=10
W2=30
W3=40
W4=20
DI=39.1
Dynamic model
Lack of data
Other parameters
Interaction
Min. error
Customized Curve for
the selected instance
Future DI
Prediction
Stage3: Future defects for the specific instance
(i.e., Aluminum window 1)
Incremental increase for the original
severities using their relative values
36
47
24
59
Markov Predicted DIs
Average DIs
Sum of Errors
Objective Function
Abs.
Error
Average
Markov

INPUTS Hidden Nodes OUTPUT
AGE
L.O.S
Floor
function
orientation
CI
Deterioration
ANN

• The age is increased by 1
year
Year +1
Deterioration
ANN

3
Repair Options &
Representation

DIAR3 = 31.7Cost = 25%
0
0
0
1.25*20
Repair
Cost
42
53
29
0
Severities
(After repair)
0
0
0
1
D1
D2
D3
D4
1
0
0
1
Repair scenario
Which Scenario?
42
53
29
66
Severities at year k
(e.g., k=3)
Defects
D1
D2
D3
D4
W1=10
W2=30
W3=40
W4=20
DIBR3 = 44.9
122d
Repair Action Improvement Cost
30 36 42 48 54
40 47 53 60 66
20 24 29 35 40
50 59 66 76 85
D1
D2
D3
D4
Current & Future Severities
Year 1 2 3 4 5
W1=10
W2=30
W3=40
W4=20
Best Repair Scenario
for each year in the
planning horizon
42
53
29
66
Yearly Analysis
Repair Scenarios

Repair
Best Repair Scenario
2d
Which Scenario?
Cost After-Repair Condition
Least Acceptable
100
)1(
1)(
=
−
=
d
i
iiki
k
AR
RSSW
DI=
=
d
i
ii RSWRC
1
25.1%
New
severities
after
applying the
RS
Variables
Objective Function (minimize)
Constraint
Best scenario if repair in year 1?
. . .
Best scenario if repair in year 5?
Sequential Optimizations

1 2 3 4 5
DI
Age
If repair in year 5
Cost: $60k
Repair: [0 1 1 1]
6 DIs: Shown
1 2 3 4 5
DI
Age
If repair in year 4
Cost: $45k
Repair: [0 1 0 1]
6 DIs: Shown
1 2 3 4 5
DI
Age
If repair in year 3
Cost: $39k
Repair: [1 0 0 1]
6 DIs: Shown
1 2 3 4 5
DI
Age
If repair in year 1
Cost: $26k
Repair: [0 0 1 0]
6 DIs: Shown
1 2 3 4 5
DI
Age
If repair in year 2
Cost: $31k
Repair: [0 0 0 1]
6 DIs: Shown
If No-Repair 0
Cost: $0
Repair: [0 0 0 0]
5 DIs: Shown
1 2 3 4 5
DI
Age
Sequential
Optimization

4
Network Analysis
Prioritization

▪ Least-Cost Repair Scenario
▪ Expected Performance (the average DIs)
Impact of Repair
DI
Age
1 2 3 4 5
Now
Planning horizon
DI
Time
No- repair option Repair in year 5 Repair in year 3
1 2 3 4 51 2 3 4 5
50
40
60
70
80
1 2 3 4 5
40
50
60
70
80
10
40
50
60
20
10
30
1 2 3 4 5
k= k=
i= i= i=
k=0
EP(0) = 60 EP(5) = 51.67 EP(3) = 35
(worst) … (best)
Cost = $0 Cost = $50K Cost = $30K
Network

0 1 2 3 4 5
(Possible repair
years)
All instances
(Network)
j
1
2
3
Condition
Implication
Objective Function
Expected
Performance
EP1
EP2
EP3
EPj
Overall Network
Condition
x
Relative
Importanc
e
RIF1
RIF2
RIF3
RIFj
Cost
Implicatio
n
S $1 S $5
Constraints
Variables
0
3
1
5
Year1
budget
Year5
budget
≤

)()(
)(
NNetworkthej
RIF
EPRIF
DIMin
j
j
j
k
jj
jk
N Min 













=


kyearatrepairedisjifBIRCC k
j
k
jk $$$
)(








= 
Network
Optimization

Network
Optimization
Decision to repair at
year 3
Objective Function
Constraints
Binary Variables

IMS
Which Assets to repair?
Limited Budget to Maintain Safety and Operability
When to repair?
What kind of repair?
Type of Assets
Long (20)
Tactical (5)
Short (1)
Bidding, Planning, Scheduling,
Resource Mgt., …

Thank You

م.40-مبادرة#تواصل_تطوير-أ.د.أحمد عبدالمعطى الحكيم-إدارة أصول البنية التحتية

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