This document summarizes research on using optical coherence tomography (OCT) to characterize coronary plaques. OCT uses near-infrared light to generate high-resolution cross-sectional images of tissue microstructure. Researchers studied 357 arterial segments ex vivo using OCT and validated plaque types (fibrous, calcific, lipid-rich) against histology with high accuracy. A pilot clinical study of 10 patients found OCT feasible and safe for examining plaques before and after percutaneous coronary intervention, identifying various plaque types and procedural complications like dissections. While promising, OCT imaging in patients requires overcoming challenges like blood flow obstruction and motion artifacts.