The document discusses many factors that influence the stability, retention and support of complete dentures. It covers the impact of ridge resorption, saliva levels, oral lesions, tongue position and floor of mouth contour on denture outcomes. Proper assessment of these clinical factors is important for determining prognosis and developing an effective treatment plan.
all the techniques used in completedenture fabrication in condition like flabby tissue and resorbed rigdes plus patients having problem of gag. it includes various pictures and procedure of impression techniques.
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
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for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Currently, complete dentures are mainly designed and fabricated using conventional methods, which involve a broad series of clinical and laboratory procedures.
Dentists may want to consider using an update of a unique complete denture technique that saves total chair time and, therefore, decreases cost.
It is possible to fabricate a complete denture with different techniques in minimal visit. These techniques has positive benefits saving a lot of time and materials for both the patient and the clinician.
all the techniques used in completedenture fabrication in condition like flabby tissue and resorbed rigdes plus patients having problem of gag. it includes various pictures and procedure of impression techniques.
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Currently, complete dentures are mainly designed and fabricated using conventional methods, which involve a broad series of clinical and laboratory procedures.
Dentists may want to consider using an update of a unique complete denture technique that saves total chair time and, therefore, decreases cost.
It is possible to fabricate a complete denture with different techniques in minimal visit. These techniques has positive benefits saving a lot of time and materials for both the patient and the clinician.
Sequelae of wearing complete dentures/ orthodontics training coursesIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
There are three basic phases of the digital workflow when designing and/or fabricating removable partial denture frameworks; data acquisition, designing (computer aided design (CAD)), and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM). The bulk of this presentation is dedicated to the design steps used in this workflow utilizing sample maxillary and mandibular casts
There are three basic phases of the digital workflow when designing and/or fabricating removable partial denture frameworks; data acquisition, designing (computer aided design (CAD)), and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM). The bulk of this presentation is dedicated to the design steps used in this workflow utilizing sample maxillary and mandibular casts
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.drhasanrajab
Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
DISSERTATION on NEW DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF DRUG DISCOVERYNEHA GUPTA
The process of drug discovery and development is a complex and multi-step endeavor aimed at bringing new pharmaceutical drugs to market. It begins with identifying and validating a biological target, such as a protein, gene, or RNA, that is associated with a disease. This step involves understanding the target's role in the disease and confirming that modulating it can have therapeutic effects. The next stage, hit identification, employs high-throughput screening (HTS) and other methods to find compounds that interact with the target. Computational techniques may also be used to identify potential hits from large compound libraries.
Following hit identification, the hits are optimized to improve their efficacy, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic properties, resulting in lead compounds. These leads undergo further refinement to enhance their potency, reduce toxicity, and improve drug-like characteristics, creating drug candidates suitable for preclinical testing. In the preclinical development phase, drug candidates are tested in vitro (in cell cultures) and in vivo (in animal models) to evaluate their safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Toxicology studies are conducted to assess potential risks.
Before clinical trials can begin, an Investigational New Drug (IND) application must be submitted to regulatory authorities. This application includes data from preclinical studies and plans for clinical trials. Clinical development involves human trials in three phases: Phase I tests the drug's safety and dosage in a small group of healthy volunteers, Phase II assesses the drug's efficacy and side effects in a larger group of patients with the target disease, and Phase III confirms the drug's efficacy and monitors adverse reactions in a large population, often compared to existing treatments.
After successful clinical trials, a New Drug Application (NDA) is submitted to regulatory authorities for approval, including all data from preclinical and clinical studies, as well as proposed labeling and manufacturing information. Regulatory authorities then review the NDA to ensure the drug is safe, effective, and of high quality, potentially requiring additional studies. Finally, after a drug is approved and marketed, it undergoes post-marketing surveillance, which includes continuous monitoring for long-term safety and effectiveness, pharmacovigilance, and reporting of any adverse effects.
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
12. Oral Lesions and Disease Factors Diabetes (long term insulin dependent) Epithelium is thinner and less keratinized. Result: Compromised, support and impaired tolerance of complete dentures. Impact on Complete Dentures
13. Oral Lichen Planus – Erosive lesions and subsequent scarring in the buccal shelf area limit denture extension in this region and make it difficult for some patients to tolerate their dentures . Result – Compromised support and tolerance of the mandibular denture . Disease Factors Wickham’s striae
14. Pemphigoid – Chronic ulceration with subsequent scarring of the oral mucosa. Result – Limited denture extensions compromising support, stability, retention and tolerance of complete dentures. Disease Factors
15. Low saliva flow rates leads to increased numbers of fungal organisms leading to a high incidence of chronic Candidiasis . Mild Candidiasis Severe Candidiasis Angular cheilitis secondary to chronic Candidiasis. Chronic Candidiasis
16. Clinical Manifestations Burning and irritation of the denture bearing mucosa, making tolerance of complete dentures difficult. In addition the fungus is keratolytic, further compromising support and tolerance.
17. Treatment Topical antifungal therapy followed by relining of the dentures (Nystatin is the drug of choice. It can be dispensed as a cream, a powder or an oral lozenge).
18. Begins as a traumatic ulcer secondary to an overextended denture flange. Common Oral Lesions Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia
19. Continued denture wear and irritation leads to inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (epulis fissuratum). Therapy – Surgical excision Common Oral Lesions Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia
20. Common oral lesions Secondary to ill fitting maxillary dentures. Usually complicated by chronic candidiasis. Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia Therapy: Antifungal medications applied topically. In extreme cases,surgical excision.
21.
22. Other Oral Lesions of Importance Premalignant Lesions Both these lesions can transform into Squamous Cell Carcinomas Leukoplakia Erythroplakia
23.
24.
25. Oral Exam Clinical Factors Influencing Stability, Retention, and Support of Complete Dentures
26.
27. What factors associated with the denture bearing tissues influence the quality of retention, stability, and support provided the complete denture?
28.
29. Keratinized Attached mucosa is the Remnant of Attached Gingiva. Attached Gingiva Keratinized attached mucosa Mucogingival junction The more available on the denture bearing surfaces, the better the support.
30.
31. Loss of Keratinized Attached Mucosa Result: (a) Reduced support. (b) Reduced tolerance to occlusal load. Zone of keratinized mucosa
32. What is the impact of bone resorption on retention, stability, and support? All three are negatively impacted . Ridge Resorption
33.
34. Resorption patterns in the edentulous patients* Ridge Resorption *From Zarb et al , 1983
37. The pad contains glandular tissue, loose areolar connective tissue,the lower margin of the pterygomandibular raphe, fibers of the buccinator, and superior constrictor and fibers of the temporal tendon. The bone beneath does not resorb secondary to the pressure associated with denture use. It is one of the primary support areas . Retromolar Pad One constant, relatively unchanging structure on the mandibular denture bearing surface is the retromolar pad (dotted line).
38. Buccal Shelf Boundaries of the buccal shelf: The external oblique line and the crest of the alveolar ridge (area within the dotted lines ). The buccal shelf is a prime support area because it is parallel to the occlusal plane and the bone is very dense. It is relatively resistant to resorption. Masseter groove area Buccinator limits the extension in this area
39. Buccal Shelf Buccal shelf area (area within the dotted lines). The greater the access to the buccal shelf the more support there is available for the denture. Access is determined by the attachment of the buccinator .
40. B Mandible – initially buccal lingual dimension of the alveolar ridge is narrowed, compromising support (A, B, C). A Patterns of Resorption - Mandible C
41. But thereafter, the height is affected compromising support,stability, and retention (D,E). D Patterns of Resorption - Mandible E
42. Continued calcification of the attachment of the mylohyoid muscle leads to the development of a sharp bony projection on the lingual surface. The mucosa overlying this region is poorly keratinized and prone to perforation secondary to trauma from complete dentures. Mylohyoid ridge Patterns of Resorption - Mandible
43. Following extraction, resorption is from buccal-labial towards the lingual . Labial plate Result: Some compromise of stability and support . Pattern of Resorption - Maxilla
44. Continued resorption leads to loss of vertical height of the alveolus. Result: a. Significant compromise of stability of the denture. b. Pseudo-class III jaw relation. c. Secondary affect – compromised retention because of compromised stability. Peripheral seal of the denture is more easily broken because there is little resistance to lateral displacement of the denture during function . Patterns of Resorption - Maxilla
47. Mandible – Similar Phenomenon Observed Resorption can be so severe as to require augmentation with bone grafts in order to prevent pathologic fracture of the mandible .
48. Measures to Prevent or Slow Resorption . 1. Well adapted and properly extended dentures with properly designed and executed occlusion. 2. Retention of residual tooth roots in key locations . 3. Use of osseointegrated implants Retained roots and osseointegrated implants are useful because they absorb much of the occlusal load locally, thereby preventing compression of the periosteum and in turn preventing resorption of the adjacent bone.
49. Retained root tips (A) and Osseointegrated implants (B, C) A B C The denture rests on the implants or root tips. Compression of the mucoperiosteum is minimized, preventing resorption of the underlying bone. Preventive Measures
50. Note tissue bar connected to the implants Bar facilitates retention, stability and provides support in the anterior region . Preventive Measures
51. Frenum – Folds of mucus membrane containing fibrous connective tissue (A) (arrows). A Frenum are of little consequence. However, they may limit denture extensions (B) (arrows) or make seal difficult to maintain, and occasionally affect the retention of the maxillary denture. B Other Factors – Frenum Attachments
52.
53. Floor of mouth posture and tongue position (depth of retromylohyoid space) affect stability and retention. Favorable anatomy as seen here (A, B,) permits development of a longer lingual flange. A B Result: Improved stability and retention of the mandibular denture Floor of Mouth Posture and Tongue Position
54. Impressions and dentures made for patients with favorable floor of mouth posture and favorable (anterior) tongue position. Note length of lingual flange. Stability and retention are enhanced. Favorable Floor of Mouth Posture
55. Patients with unfavorable floor of mouth posture and tongue position (A, B). The tip of the tongue has lost its definition and is retruded and the floor of the mouth is elevated. Result: Length of lingual flange of the denture will be limited, compromising stability, retention and the ability of the patient to control the lower denture. A B Unfavorable Floor of Mouth Posture and Retruded Tongue Position
56.
57. Result: a. Improved retention. Note denture snaps onto retention bar. b. Improved stability (from the implants and the tissue bar). c. Improved support (anteriorly). d. Better control of the bolus (tongue no longer must position denture and control the bolus simultaneously). Solutions - Retruded Tongue Position and Unfavorable Floor of Mouth Contour. 1. Dentures retained with osseointegrated implants
58. This surgical procedure has been used to overcome problems caused by a retruded tongue position, unfavorable floor of mouth posture and a narrow residual zone of keratinized attached tissue. Muscle attachments in the floor of the mouth are lowered and the zone of attached keratinized tissue is widened with the skin graft. a.Result : Improved stability and retention of the denture because the lingual flange is lengthened. b.Result : Improved support, because the zone of attached keratinized tissue is dramatically widened. 2. Skin graft vestibuloplasty Solutions - Retruded Tongue Position and Unfavorable Floor of Mouth Contour . Skin grafted areas Residual keratinized attached mucosa
60. Glandular tissue Posterior palatal seal area The presence of these glands permit compression of the tissues helping to overcome poor adaptation of the denture in this area secondary to shrinkage of the acrylic resin during processing. Peripheral seal of the denture is thereby maintained. Posterior Palatine Salivary Glands
61. When making impressions this area of tissue is compressed, allowing us to compensate for shrinkage of the acrylic resin during polymerization and movement of the denture base during function. Result: Tissue adaptation of the denture is maintained and therefore peripheral seal and retention of the maxillary complete denture is maintained. When these glands atrophy, the tissue become less compressible making it more difficult to obtain and maintain peripheral seal. Posterior Palatine Salivary Glands
62. Shrinkage of acrylic resin is also accounted for by scoring the cast in the postdam area (arrow ). Posterior Palatal Seal Area